Contusion, also known as a bruise, is an injury to tissue or bone caused by blood vessels rupturing or breaking and bleeding into the surrounding tissue. This causes discoloration that turns into a bruise. Contusions usually result from a hard hit, fall, or blow. The bleeding can put pressure on nerve endings, causing pain when the area is touched. Contusions are more common in elderly people due to more delicate blood vessels, and can also be caused by medications that interfere with blood clotting. Physiotherapy treatments for contusions include following the PRICE protocol of protection, rest, ice application, compression, and elevation.

1. -Purvi Shah
(B.P.T)
CONTUSION

2. Contusion
Also known as a BRUISE.
An injury to tissue or bone when blood vessels are
ruptured or broken & bleed in to the surrounding tissue.
This bleeding causes discoloration turning in to bruise.
Contusion usually happen from a hard hit, fall or blow.
Contusion may be painful to the touch because blood that
has pooled under the skin is putting pressure on nearby
nerve endings.

3. Contusion

4. Contusion is more common seen in elderly people rather
than children; because blood vessels become more delicate
with increasing age .
It is also occur with some medication especially those
interfere with blood clotting.
Less blood clotting means more blood leaks out of a damaged
blood vessels producing larger & visible contusion.

5. Condition and type of tissue: In soft tissues, a larger area is
bruised than would be in firmer tissue due to ease of blood to
invade tissue.
Gender: More bruising occurs in females due to
increased subcutaneous fat.
Skin tone: Bruises is more prominent in lighter
complexions.
Diseases: Coagulation , platelet and blood vessel diseases or
deficiencies can increase bruising due to more bleeding.

6. Location: More extensive vascularity causes more
bleeding. Areas such as the arms, knees, shins and the
facial area are especially common bruise sites.
Forces: Greater striking forces cause greater bruising.

7. BRUISE HARM SCORE
Bruise can be scored on a scale from 0–5 to categorize
the severity and danger of injury.
Harm Score Severity Level Notes
0 Light bruise No damage
1 Mild bruise Little damage
2 Moderate bruise Some damage
3 Serious bruise Dangerous
4 Extremely Very dangerous
5 Critical Risk of death

8. Clinical Features: A fresh bruise actually may reddish
then turn blue or dark purple within a few hours then
yellow or green after few days as its heals.
It’s tender & sometimes painful for first few days, but
the pain usually goes away as the color fades.

9. Physiotherapy
PRICE Protocol
Modify activity load & activity level
Arnica ointment or gel
Vitamin K cream

10. P = Protection
R = Rest
I = Ice Application ( 15 to 20 min)
C = Compression
E = Elevation
PRICE Protocol

11. Thank You