Powerpoints Hypolipidemics
•Download as PPT, PDF•
7 likes•2,424 views
This document summarizes various aspects of lipoproteins, lipids, and treatments for hyperlipidemia. It discusses the main classes of lipoproteins such as chylomicrons, VLDL, LDL, HDL and their roles in transporting lipids like cholesterol and triglycerides. It also outlines drug classes used to treat hyperlipidemia, including fibrates, statins, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin. Adverse effects and guidelines for drug combinations are provided.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Antihyperlipidemics2
This document discusses various drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It describes how statins work by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver, leading to increased LDL receptor levels and lowered cholesterol. It also discusses other drugs like fibrates that lower triglycerides, bile acid sequestrants that lower cholesterol by increasing bile acid excretion, and niacin that reduces triglycerides and LDL while increasing HDL. The risks and mechanisms of these antihyperlipidemic drugs are summarized.
Class hypolipidemics
This document discusses hyperlipidemia and its treatment. It begins by explaining how elevated lipid levels can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. It then outlines different drug classes for treating hyperlipidemia, including statins, fibrates, and niacin, describing their mechanisms of action and side effects. Combination therapies are discussed as being more effective for certain conditions like familial combined hyperlipidemia. The document provides an overview of hyperlipidemia management through pharmacological means.
Hypolipidemic drugs MBBS and PG Dr. Resu Neha Reddy
This PPT contains hypolipidaemic drugs explanation with all recent drugs and with lots of pictures, for better understanding of MBBS and PG students
Hypolipidemic drugs
This document provides information on hyperlipidemic drugs. It begins with an introduction to hyperlipidemia and its causes. It then discusses various drug classes for treating hyperlipidemia, including their mechanisms of action, effects on lipid levels, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic uses, adverse effects and interactions. The major drug classes discussed are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, and niacin. For each class, specific drugs are highlighted and their properties compared.
Hypolipidemic agents
This document summarizes hypolipidemic agents used to treat various dyslipidemias and reduce cardiovascular risk. It discusses the physiology of lipid metabolism, pharmacological targets for lowering lipids, individual drug properties and combinations. Key drugs include statins, bile acid sequestrants, ezetimibe, niacin, fibrates and fish oils. The document also reviews use of these agents in special populations like children, women and diabetics.
Antilipemic Drug -Pharmacology ppt
This document summarizes several classes of antilipidemic drugs used to treat elevated blood lipids. It discusses bile-sequestering drugs like cholestyramine which bind to bile acids in the intestines. Fibric acid derivatives like fenofibrozate and gemfibrozil are used to reduce triglycerides and LDL. Statins like HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors block cholesterol production to lower LDL and increase HDL slightly. Ezetimibe inhibits cholesterol absorption from the intestines. Nicotinic acid lowers LDL and triglycerides while raising HDL but causes flushing as a side effect. All work in combination with lifestyle changes to reduce cardiovascular risks from high lipids.
16.hypolipidemics
Statins like simvastatin and atorvastatin work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and lowering cholesterol production in the liver. Bile acid sequestrants such as cholestyramine and colestipol bind bile acids in the gut. Ezetimibe decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption while statins lower endogenous production. Niacin can cause flushing and other side effects. Fibric acid derivatives like gemfibrozil and fenofibrate lower triglycerides and raise HDL levels but have potential side effects as well. Together, these classes of hypolipidemic drugs act through different mechanisms to lower cholesterol and lipid levels.
Class hypolipidemics
This document discusses hyperlipidemia and its treatment. It begins by explaining how elevated lipid levels can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. It then outlines different classes of drugs that target endogenous and exogenous cholesterol, including statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, ezetemibe, and bile acid sequestrants. The mechanisms of action, indications, and adverse effects are described for each drug class. Combination therapies are also discussed.
Recommended
Antihyperlipidemics2
This document discusses various drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It describes how statins work by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver, leading to increased LDL receptor levels and lowered cholesterol. It also discusses other drugs like fibrates that lower triglycerides, bile acid sequestrants that lower cholesterol by increasing bile acid excretion, and niacin that reduces triglycerides and LDL while increasing HDL. The risks and mechanisms of these antihyperlipidemic drugs are summarized.
Class hypolipidemics
This document discusses hyperlipidemia and its treatment. It begins by explaining how elevated lipid levels can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. It then outlines different drug classes for treating hyperlipidemia, including statins, fibrates, and niacin, describing their mechanisms of action and side effects. Combination therapies are discussed as being more effective for certain conditions like familial combined hyperlipidemia. The document provides an overview of hyperlipidemia management through pharmacological means.
Hypolipidemic drugs MBBS and PG Dr. Resu Neha Reddy
This PPT contains hypolipidaemic drugs explanation with all recent drugs and with lots of pictures, for better understanding of MBBS and PG students
Hypolipidemic drugs
This document provides information on hyperlipidemic drugs. It begins with an introduction to hyperlipidemia and its causes. It then discusses various drug classes for treating hyperlipidemia, including their mechanisms of action, effects on lipid levels, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic uses, adverse effects and interactions. The major drug classes discussed are HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, and niacin. For each class, specific drugs are highlighted and their properties compared.
Hypolipidemic agents
This document summarizes hypolipidemic agents used to treat various dyslipidemias and reduce cardiovascular risk. It discusses the physiology of lipid metabolism, pharmacological targets for lowering lipids, individual drug properties and combinations. Key drugs include statins, bile acid sequestrants, ezetimibe, niacin, fibrates and fish oils. The document also reviews use of these agents in special populations like children, women and diabetics.
Antilipemic Drug -Pharmacology ppt
This document summarizes several classes of antilipidemic drugs used to treat elevated blood lipids. It discusses bile-sequestering drugs like cholestyramine which bind to bile acids in the intestines. Fibric acid derivatives like fenofibrozate and gemfibrozil are used to reduce triglycerides and LDL. Statins like HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors block cholesterol production to lower LDL and increase HDL slightly. Ezetimibe inhibits cholesterol absorption from the intestines. Nicotinic acid lowers LDL and triglycerides while raising HDL but causes flushing as a side effect. All work in combination with lifestyle changes to reduce cardiovascular risks from high lipids.
16.hypolipidemics
Statins like simvastatin and atorvastatin work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and lowering cholesterol production in the liver. Bile acid sequestrants such as cholestyramine and colestipol bind bile acids in the gut. Ezetimibe decreases intestinal cholesterol absorption while statins lower endogenous production. Niacin can cause flushing and other side effects. Fibric acid derivatives like gemfibrozil and fenofibrate lower triglycerides and raise HDL levels but have potential side effects as well. Together, these classes of hypolipidemic drugs act through different mechanisms to lower cholesterol and lipid levels.
Class hypolipidemics
This document discusses hyperlipidemia and its treatment. It begins by explaining how elevated lipid levels can lead to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. It then outlines different classes of drugs that target endogenous and exogenous cholesterol, including statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, ezetemibe, and bile acid sequestrants. The mechanisms of action, indications, and adverse effects are described for each drug class. Combination therapies are also discussed.
Hypolipidemic drugs
This document discusses several hypolipidemic drugs including HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors such as atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin. It provides information on the indications, doses, and contraindications of atorvastatin and fenofibrate. Atorvastatin is indicated to lower LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides in adults and adolescents over 10 years old with primary hypercholesterolemia or to prevent cardiovascular events in high-risk adults. Fenofibrate is indicated for severe hypertriglyceridemia with or without low HDL-cholesterol or mixed hyperlipidemia when statins are contraindicated.
lipid-lowering drugs
1) Atherosclerosis is caused by the accumulation of fatty plaques in arteries and is a leading cause of death. High cholesterol and blood pressure are major risk factors.
2) Statins are commonly used to lower cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver. They reduce cardiovascular events but can cause side effects like muscle damage.
3) Fibrates lower triglycerides and raise HDL cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular risk, especially in patients with high triglycerides or diabetes. They carry risks of muscle and liver problems.
Drugs for Dyslipidemia
This document summarizes various drugs used to treat dyslipidemia. It discusses statins including various types and their mechanisms and effects. It also discusses other drug classes like ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, PCSK9 inhibitors, lomitapide, mipomersen and CETP inhibitors. It provides details on the mechanisms, effects, dosages and adverse effects of these drugs. It also discusses the use of combination drug therapies for treating different types of dyslipidemia.
Hyperlipidemia
The seminar covered the management of hyperlipidemia. It discussed the story of lipids in the body and how chylomicrons, LDL, and HDL transport lipids. High LDL and oxidized LDL can lead to atherosclerosis while HDL removes cholesterol from plaque. Causes of hyperlipidemia include diet, medical conditions, and genetic factors. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications, medical nutrition therapy, and pharmacological options like statins. The goals are to lower LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides while raising HDL.
Management of Hyperlipidemia
This document provides information on the management of dyslipidemia. It discusses non-pharmacological treatment including lifestyle changes like exercise and diet. Pharmacological treatments for dyslipidemia are also outlined, including statins, fibrates, bile acid resins, nicotinic acid derivatives, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and fish oil supplements. The mechanisms of action, dosages, adverse effects and patient counseling points are described for each drug class.
Hyperlipidemia
The document discusses hyperlipidemia and the metabolic syndrome. It defines hyperlipidemia as abnormal lipid levels in the blood and metabolic syndrome as a clustering of conditions including obesity, high blood pressure, and abnormal cholesterol and blood sugar levels. The document outlines the causes, effects, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperlipidemia as well as the diagnostic criteria and resulting conditions of metabolic syndrome.
Hyperlipidemia pharmacotherapy
This document discusses drug therapies for treating hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia. It describes five major classes of drugs: statins, fibrates, niacin, bile acid sequestrants, and ezetimibe. Statins lower cholesterol by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. Fibrates lower triglycerides and increase HDL by modulating lipid metabolism through PPAR receptors. Niacin lowers lipids by inhibiting lipolysis in adipose tissue. Bile acid sequestrants lower bile acid levels, increasing cholesterol conversion to bile acids. Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol absorption in the small intestine by inhibiting sterol transporters. The document provides details on the
Pharmacology: Anti hyperlipidemic drugs flashcards
Excellent study aid for medical students, nursing students, pharmacology students, and university or college students.
Hyperlipidemia
This document provides information on hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia, including their causes, risk factors, diagnostic testing, and treatment options. It notes that disorders of lipoprotein metabolism that increase LDL-C and total cholesterol while decreasing HDL-C raise cardiovascular disease risk. Genetic and environmental factors both contribute to primary dyslipidemia. Lifestyle changes and lipid-lowering medications, particularly statins, are used to treat abnormal lipid levels and reduce disease risk. The main drug classes for treatment include statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and niacin.
Drug therapy of hypercholesterolaemia
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and related conditions like coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. It refers to abnormally high levels of lipids in the blood, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. These lipids are transported in the blood within lipoprotein particles like LDL, VLDL, and HDL. Statin drugs are commonly used to lower LDL cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular risk, with fibrates and other drugs also playing a role in treating different lipid abnormalities. Lifestyle modifications focusing on diet and exercise are also important for managing hyperlipidemia.
Hypolipidaemic drugs
Biochemistry, physiology and pathology of lipid metabolism in brief and its applied pharmacotherapeutics in details
Agents used in dyslipidemia: DGK
The document discusses drugs used to treat dyslipidemia. It begins by defining dyslipidemia as disorders of lipoprotein metabolism resulting in abnormal lipid levels. It then covers the classification, mechanisms of action, effects, and indications for various drug classes including statins, bile acid sequestrants, ezetimibe, fibrates, and niacin. Statins are highlighted as the most effective and best tolerated first-line treatment for lowering LDL cholesterol. Fibrates and niacin are discussed as second-line options for lowering triglycerides and raising HDL cholesterol.
Hyperlipidemia
This presentation made for the students those who are interested to learn the management of hyperlipidemia
lipid lowering agents
This document discusses lipid-lowering drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia and prevent cardiovascular disease. It covers the main classes of drugs including statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin. Statins work by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis while fibrates activate lipoprotein lipase. Bile acid sequestrants bind bile acids in the gut. The document reviews the mechanisms, effects, uses, and side effects of these drug classes and emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications and managing hyperlipidemia.
Hyperlipidemia and lipid lowering drugs
Hyperlipidemia refers to abnormally high levels of lipids in the blood. The main lipids involved are cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. Lipids are transported in the blood bound to proteins called lipoproteins. There are different types of lipoproteins that transport lipids. Primary causes of hyperlipidemia include genetic factors, while secondary causes include diabetes, obesity, hypothyroidism and certain drugs. Diagnosis is based on blood tests of lipid levels after fasting. Elevated lipids are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise as well as lipid-lowering drugs like statins, resins, fibrates, and nicotinic acid
Hyperlipidemia and its treatment
Hyperlipidemia, or high lipid levels, is a common disorder that increases the risk of heart disease. It results from abnormalities in lipid metabolism or transport. The main causes are lifestyle factors like obesity and lack of exercise, as well as medical conditions like diabetes. Drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia work by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, sequestering bile acids to reduce cholesterol absorption, altering cholesterol metabolism, or inhibiting absorption of dietary cholesterol. Statins are the most commonly used class that lower LDL cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. Other drug classes include bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, and niacin. Combination therapies may be used for more severe or treatment-resistant cases of
Hyperlipidemia
This document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It summarizes statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin. Statins work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and lowering cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are two examples of statins discussed. Fibrates work by reducing triglyceride levels and fenofibrate is one such drug. Bile acid sequestrants like colestipol and cholestyramine work by binding bile acids to increase their excretion. Niacin is a B vitamin that can reduce LDL and increase HDL cholesterol levels. Each drug class is discussed in terms
Antihyperlipidemic drug
Hypolipidemic agents, also known as cholesterol-lowering drugs or antihyperlipidemic agents, are a diverse group of pharmaceuticals that are used in the treatment of high levels of fats (lipids), such as cholesterol, in the blood (hyperlipidemia). They are also called lipid-lowering drugs.
Mahi ddmp
This document summarizes several herbal drugs that have anti-hyperlipidemic properties. It discusses artichoke, prosopis cineraria bark, and fenugreek. Artichoke contains sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene glycosides that were found to suppress serum triglyceride elevation and inhibit gastric emptying, contributing to its anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Prosopis cineraria bark contains bioactive compounds and was shown to lower blood glucose and maintain lipid profile parameters in diabetic mice. Fenugreek contains fiber, saponins, and protein that are believed to contribute to its ability to significantly reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in hyperlip
Hypolipidaemic drugs
Dr. Nutanbala Goswami,
Associate proffecer,
Pharmacology Department,
Govt. medical college, Bhavnagar.
Ap Bio Ch 5 Power Point
The document discusses cell membranes and their structure and functions. It covers the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, including phospholipids and membrane proteins. It describes the different categories of membrane proteins and their roles. It also summarizes different transport mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
Insulin resistance causes and consequences
Insulin resistance is caused by decreased biological response to normal insulin levels and is often seen with conditions like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and pregnancy. It can cause an inability to focus, increased hunger, weight gain, and high blood pressure. Insulin resistance is associated with increased insulin production by the pancreas and can lead to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health issues. It involves defects in insulin signaling pathways involving proteins like PKB, IRS, and PI3 kinase. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and medications to lower blood sugar and insulin levels.
More Related Content
What's hot
Hypolipidemic drugs
This document discusses several hypolipidemic drugs including HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors such as atorvastatin, simvastatin, and rosuvastatin. It provides information on the indications, doses, and contraindications of atorvastatin and fenofibrate. Atorvastatin is indicated to lower LDL-cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and triglycerides in adults and adolescents over 10 years old with primary hypercholesterolemia or to prevent cardiovascular events in high-risk adults. Fenofibrate is indicated for severe hypertriglyceridemia with or without low HDL-cholesterol or mixed hyperlipidemia when statins are contraindicated.
lipid-lowering drugs
1) Atherosclerosis is caused by the accumulation of fatty plaques in arteries and is a leading cause of death. High cholesterol and blood pressure are major risk factors.
2) Statins are commonly used to lower cholesterol by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis in the liver. They reduce cardiovascular events but can cause side effects like muscle damage.
3) Fibrates lower triglycerides and raise HDL cholesterol to reduce cardiovascular risk, especially in patients with high triglycerides or diabetes. They carry risks of muscle and liver problems.
Drugs for Dyslipidemia
This document summarizes various drugs used to treat dyslipidemia. It discusses statins including various types and their mechanisms and effects. It also discusses other drug classes like ezetimibe, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, niacin, PCSK9 inhibitors, lomitapide, mipomersen and CETP inhibitors. It provides details on the mechanisms, effects, dosages and adverse effects of these drugs. It also discusses the use of combination drug therapies for treating different types of dyslipidemia.
Hyperlipidemia
The seminar covered the management of hyperlipidemia. It discussed the story of lipids in the body and how chylomicrons, LDL, and HDL transport lipids. High LDL and oxidized LDL can lead to atherosclerosis while HDL removes cholesterol from plaque. Causes of hyperlipidemia include diet, medical conditions, and genetic factors. Treatment involves lifestyle modifications, medical nutrition therapy, and pharmacological options like statins. The goals are to lower LDL, total cholesterol, and triglycerides while raising HDL.
Management of Hyperlipidemia
This document provides information on the management of dyslipidemia. It discusses non-pharmacological treatment including lifestyle changes like exercise and diet. Pharmacological treatments for dyslipidemia are also outlined, including statins, fibrates, bile acid resins, nicotinic acid derivatives, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and fish oil supplements. The mechanisms of action, dosages, adverse effects and patient counseling points are described for each drug class.
Hyperlipidemia
The document discusses hyperlipidemia and the metabolic syndrome. It defines hyperlipidemia as abnormal lipid levels in the blood and metabolic syndrome as a clustering of conditions including obesity, high blood pressure, and abnormal cholesterol and blood sugar levels. The document outlines the causes, effects, diagnosis, and treatment of hyperlipidemia as well as the diagnostic criteria and resulting conditions of metabolic syndrome.
Hyperlipidemia pharmacotherapy
This document discusses drug therapies for treating hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia. It describes five major classes of drugs: statins, fibrates, niacin, bile acid sequestrants, and ezetimibe. Statins lower cholesterol by inhibiting the enzyme HMG-CoA reductase. Fibrates lower triglycerides and increase HDL by modulating lipid metabolism through PPAR receptors. Niacin lowers lipids by inhibiting lipolysis in adipose tissue. Bile acid sequestrants lower bile acid levels, increasing cholesterol conversion to bile acids. Ezetimibe lowers cholesterol absorption in the small intestine by inhibiting sterol transporters. The document provides details on the
Pharmacology: Anti hyperlipidemic drugs flashcards
Excellent study aid for medical students, nursing students, pharmacology students, and university or college students.
Hyperlipidemia
This document provides information on hyperlipidemia and dyslipidemia, including their causes, risk factors, diagnostic testing, and treatment options. It notes that disorders of lipoprotein metabolism that increase LDL-C and total cholesterol while decreasing HDL-C raise cardiovascular disease risk. Genetic and environmental factors both contribute to primary dyslipidemia. Lifestyle changes and lipid-lowering medications, particularly statins, are used to treat abnormal lipid levels and reduce disease risk. The main drug classes for treatment include statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and niacin.
Drug therapy of hypercholesterolaemia
Hyperlipidemia is a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and related conditions like coronary heart disease and ischemic stroke. It refers to abnormally high levels of lipids in the blood, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. These lipids are transported in the blood within lipoprotein particles like LDL, VLDL, and HDL. Statin drugs are commonly used to lower LDL cholesterol and reduce cardiovascular risk, with fibrates and other drugs also playing a role in treating different lipid abnormalities. Lifestyle modifications focusing on diet and exercise are also important for managing hyperlipidemia.
Hypolipidaemic drugs
Biochemistry, physiology and pathology of lipid metabolism in brief and its applied pharmacotherapeutics in details
Agents used in dyslipidemia: DGK
The document discusses drugs used to treat dyslipidemia. It begins by defining dyslipidemia as disorders of lipoprotein metabolism resulting in abnormal lipid levels. It then covers the classification, mechanisms of action, effects, and indications for various drug classes including statins, bile acid sequestrants, ezetimibe, fibrates, and niacin. Statins are highlighted as the most effective and best tolerated first-line treatment for lowering LDL cholesterol. Fibrates and niacin are discussed as second-line options for lowering triglycerides and raising HDL cholesterol.
Hyperlipidemia
This presentation made for the students those who are interested to learn the management of hyperlipidemia
lipid lowering agents
This document discusses lipid-lowering drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia and prevent cardiovascular disease. It covers the main classes of drugs including statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin. Statins work by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis while fibrates activate lipoprotein lipase. Bile acid sequestrants bind bile acids in the gut. The document reviews the mechanisms, effects, uses, and side effects of these drug classes and emphasizes the importance of lifestyle modifications and managing hyperlipidemia.
Hyperlipidemia and lipid lowering drugs
Hyperlipidemia refers to abnormally high levels of lipids in the blood. The main lipids involved are cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. Lipids are transported in the blood bound to proteins called lipoproteins. There are different types of lipoproteins that transport lipids. Primary causes of hyperlipidemia include genetic factors, while secondary causes include diabetes, obesity, hypothyroidism and certain drugs. Diagnosis is based on blood tests of lipid levels after fasting. Elevated lipids are a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Treatment involves lifestyle changes like diet and exercise as well as lipid-lowering drugs like statins, resins, fibrates, and nicotinic acid
Hyperlipidemia and its treatment
Hyperlipidemia, or high lipid levels, is a common disorder that increases the risk of heart disease. It results from abnormalities in lipid metabolism or transport. The main causes are lifestyle factors like obesity and lack of exercise, as well as medical conditions like diabetes. Drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia work by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis, sequestering bile acids to reduce cholesterol absorption, altering cholesterol metabolism, or inhibiting absorption of dietary cholesterol. Statins are the most commonly used class that lower LDL cholesterol by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase. Other drug classes include bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, and niacin. Combination therapies may be used for more severe or treatment-resistant cases of
Hyperlipidemia
This document discusses several classes of drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It summarizes statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, and niacin. Statins work by inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase and lowering cholesterol levels. Atorvastatin and rosuvastatin are two examples of statins discussed. Fibrates work by reducing triglyceride levels and fenofibrate is one such drug. Bile acid sequestrants like colestipol and cholestyramine work by binding bile acids to increase their excretion. Niacin is a B vitamin that can reduce LDL and increase HDL cholesterol levels. Each drug class is discussed in terms
Antihyperlipidemic drug
Hypolipidemic agents, also known as cholesterol-lowering drugs or antihyperlipidemic agents, are a diverse group of pharmaceuticals that are used in the treatment of high levels of fats (lipids), such as cholesterol, in the blood (hyperlipidemia). They are also called lipid-lowering drugs.
Mahi ddmp
This document summarizes several herbal drugs that have anti-hyperlipidemic properties. It discusses artichoke, prosopis cineraria bark, and fenugreek. Artichoke contains sesquiterpenes and sesquiterpene glycosides that were found to suppress serum triglyceride elevation and inhibit gastric emptying, contributing to its anti-hyperlipidemic effects. Prosopis cineraria bark contains bioactive compounds and was shown to lower blood glucose and maintain lipid profile parameters in diabetic mice. Fenugreek contains fiber, saponins, and protein that are believed to contribute to its ability to significantly reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, and LDL cholesterol in hyperlip
Hypolipidaemic drugs
Dr. Nutanbala Goswami,
Associate proffecer,
Pharmacology Department,
Govt. medical college, Bhavnagar.
What's hot (20)
Pharmacology: Anti hyperlipidemic drugs flashcards
Pharmacology: Anti hyperlipidemic drugs flashcards
Viewers also liked
Ap Bio Ch 5 Power Point
The document discusses cell membranes and their structure and functions. It covers the fluid mosaic model of membrane structure, including phospholipids and membrane proteins. It describes the different categories of membrane proteins and their roles. It also summarizes different transport mechanisms like diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis.
Insulin resistance causes and consequences
Insulin resistance is caused by decreased biological response to normal insulin levels and is often seen with conditions like diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, and pregnancy. It can cause an inability to focus, increased hunger, weight gain, and high blood pressure. Insulin resistance is associated with increased insulin production by the pancreas and can lead to diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and other health issues. It involves defects in insulin signaling pathways involving proteins like PKB, IRS, and PI3 kinase. Treatment involves lifestyle changes and medications to lower blood sugar and insulin levels.
Insulin resistance idf
This document discusses insulin resistance (IR) and its relationship to various medical conditions. It begins by defining IR and describing methods to assess it, then discusses its epidemiology and links to type 1 diabetes, metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS), and other issues. Management of IR focuses on lifestyle changes, diet, exercise and medication when needed. Prevention of diabetes is also emphasized given IR's role in increasing risk.
PPARs
PPARs are transcriptional factors that regulate gene expression and belong to the nuclear receptor superfamily. The three main PPAR isoforms are α, β, and γ, which vary in ligand specificity, tissue distribution, and biological functions. PPARs control processes like cellular differentiation, development and metabolism. They are activated by ligands such as fatty acids and eicosanoids and regulate energy homeostasis by initiating transcription of genes involved. Each PPAR isoform has distinct roles such as PPAR-γ promoting adipogenesis and insulin sensitization while PPAR-α stimulates fatty acid oxidation.
Lipoproteins
1. Lipoproteins are spherical aggregates that transport lipids like triglycerides and cholesterol in the bloodstream. They are composed of a hydrophobic core of lipids surrounded by a hydrophilic surface containing proteins and lipids.
2. There are several classes of lipoproteins defined by their density: chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine. VLDL transports triglycerides made in the liver. LDL transports cholesterol to tissues. HDL transports excess cholesterol from tissues back to the liver.
3. Apolipoproteins bind to lipids and target different lipoproteins to tissues. Lipoprotein lipase breaks
Cell membrane and transport
The document summarizes key concepts about the cell membrane. It describes how the cell membrane is composed of a phospholipid bilayer with hydrophobic fatty acid tails and hydrophilic phosphate heads arranged in a bilayer. Proteins are embedded within this bilayer, which allows some substances to pass through more easily than others. The fluid mosaic model from the 1970s proposed that the membrane is a fluid structure with proteins diffusing freely within the phospholipid bilayer. Various modes of membrane transport are discussed, including passive diffusion, facilitated diffusion, active transport, endocytosis, and exocytosis. Osmosis is defined as the diffusion of water across the membrane from high to low concentration.
Circulation through special regions 3
Skeletal muscle blood flow ranges from 2.7 ml/100g/min at rest to 100 ml/100g/min during exercise. Sympathetic nervous activity maintains resting vascular tone but vasodilator metabolites override sympathetic activity during exercise. The muscle pump enhances perfusion by lowering venous pressure during contraction. Splanchnic blood flow is 25% of cardiac output at rest and increases after eating as blood is coupled to nutrient absorption. The liver acts as a large compliant reservoir that stores 20% of blood volume. Renal blood flow is 23.3% of cardiac output with autoregulation maintaining flow over a range of pressures.
Bioc hemistry_ Regulation and integration of Metabolism
The document discusses various topics related to metabolic regulation and integration. It describes how the liver, adipose tissue, muscle, and brain are important organs for fuel metabolism. It also summarizes the roles of insulin and glucagon in regulating metabolism. Insulin promotes anabolic processes like glycogen synthesis and fat storage, while glucagon stimulates catabolic processes like gluconeogenesis to increase blood glucose. The document also provides information on fuel storage in the body and the key roles of glucose-6-phosphate, pyruvate, and acetyl-CoA as junction points in metabolic pathways.
Regulation of blood circulation
This document discusses various factors that regulate blood flow locally and systemically. It covers topics such as local blood flow regulation including reactive and active hyperemia. It also discusses humoral regulation by various vasoconstrictors like epinephrine, vasopressin, angiotensin, and endothelin as well as vasodilators like bradykinin, serotonin, prostaglandins, and histamine. Finally, it mentions regulation by ions and chemicals in the blood as well as long-term regulation through angiogenesis and collateral circulation development.
Blood glucose regulation, glucose homeostasis, factors regulating and under S...
The slides explain about blood glucose regulation, glucose homeostasis, factors regulating and under Special Circumstances. Factors regulating Blood glucose level include the hormonal and non-hormonal.
Insulin resistance
The condition in which normal amounts
of insulin are inadequate to produce a
normal insulin response from fat,
muscle and liver cells.
Basics of Insulin
- Insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas that regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism. It promotes the absorption of glucose from the blood into liver, muscle, and fatty tissue.
- Insulin was first isolated in 1922 which revolutionized treatment for diabetes. It binds to insulin receptors on cells and triggers effects like increasing glucose uptake and glycogen/lipid synthesis while inhibiting gluconeogenesis and lipolysis.
- Insulin secretion is stimulated by high blood glucose levels after eating to promote storage of excess glucose. Multiple factors affect its secretion including hormones like glucagon, growth hormone, cortisol, and epinephrine.
Blood glucose Regulation Dr veerendra
1. Blood glucose levels are normally maintained within a narrow range through the rates of glucose entering and leaving the bloodstream.
2. When blood glucose levels drop, glucagon is secreted to stimulate glucose production and release from the liver through glycogenolysis and gluconeogenesis.
3. If levels continue to drop, epinephrine is released to further increase glucose production from the liver while also breaking down glycogen in muscle and fat cells.
4. Prolonged low blood glucose can trigger the release of cortisol and growth hormone to mobilize more long-term energy stores and decrease glucose utilization in tissues.
Regulation of blood glucose
Blood glucose levels are normally maintained within a narrow range through the regulation of glucose entry into and removal from the bloodstream. Hormones like insulin and glucagon act in opposition to maintain glucose homeostasis, with insulin lowering blood glucose through promoting glucose uptake in cells and glucagon raising it through stimulating glucose production and release from the liver. A variety of tissues, including muscle, adipose, liver, and brain, play roles in glucose regulation through uptake, storage, production, and utilization of glucose.
Lipoprotein metabolism, Shariq
This document discusses lipoprotein metabolism and structure. It describes the different lipoproteins including chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. It outlines the roles of apoproteins and how lipoproteins transport triglycerides and cholesterol through the body. The pathways of exogenous and endogenous cholesterol are summarized along with lipoprotein processing and targets for treating dyslipidemia.
Drugs acting on ppar
what are the various types of PPAR receptors, how do they act. what drugs act through PPAR recptors i.e., agonists and antagonists
Insulin presentation
This document summarizes key aspects of insulin including its history, structure, biosynthesis, transport, degradation, effects, and clinical correlations. It describes how insulin was first extracted from dog pancreases in 1921. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone composed of two chains that are held together. It regulates carbohydrate, lipid, and protein metabolism. Insulin increases glucose uptake and storage while decreasing gluconeogenesis. Clinically, insufficient insulin production can lead to symptoms of diabetes like frequent urination.
Fatty acid oxidation
1) Fatty acids are oxidized through beta-oxidation in the mitochondria to generate acetyl-CoA units and energy in the form of ATP.
2) Beta-oxidation involves four steps - dehydrogenation, hydration, dehydrogenation, and thiolysis - that occur in a recurring cycle to shorten the fatty acid by two carbons each time.
3) Fatty acid oxidation provides the major source of energy during periods of fasting or low carbohydrate availability and yields substantial ATP through the electron transport chain.
Lipoproteins- structure, classification, metabolism and clinical significance
Lipoproteins transport lipids between cells and tissues. They consist of a nonpolar lipid core surrounded by a surface layer of phospholipids and proteins. Lipoproteins are classified based on density into chylomicrons, VLDL, IDL, LDL, and HDL. Chylomicrons transport dietary lipids from the intestine. The liver secretes VLDL, which circulates and is converted to IDL and LDL through lipolysis. HDL transports cholesterol from tissues to the liver. Apolipoproteins associated with each lipoprotein determine its function and metabolism.
Viewers also liked (19)
Bioc hemistry_ Regulation and integration of Metabolism
Bioc hemistry_ Regulation and integration of Metabolism
Blood glucose regulation, glucose homeostasis, factors regulating and under S...
Blood glucose regulation, glucose homeostasis, factors regulating and under S...
Lipoproteins- structure, classification, metabolism and clinical significance
Lipoproteins- structure, classification, metabolism and clinical significance
Similar to Powerpoints Hypolipidemics
hyperlipidemic drugs..pptx
This document discusses drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It begins by defining different lipoproteins such as LDL, HDL, and VLDL. It then classifies anti-hyperlipidemic drugs into 5 main groups: statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, and cholesterol absorption inhibitors. For each drug class, it describes the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, therapeutic uses, adverse effects, and drug interactions. It emphasizes that combination drug therapy can maximize lipid lowering effects while minimizing toxicity and achieving desired effects on various lipoproteins.
" Anti-Hyperlipidemic Agents/Drugs "
Hyperlipidemia is an excess of lipids in the blood, including cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids. It is usually chronic and requires medication to control blood lipid levels. Antihyperlipidemic agents work to lower LDL cholesterol, triglyceride, and raise HDL cholesterol levels. Some common antihyperlipidemic agents include statins, fibrates, nicotinic acid, bile acid sequestrants, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and PCSK9 inhibitors. Bile acid sequestrants like cholestyramine and colestipol work by binding bile acids in the intestine to reduce cholesterol absorption and increase excretion.
Pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia
This document discusses the pharmacotherapy of dyslipidemia. It begins by defining dyslipidemia as disorders of lipoprotein metabolism that result in abnormal cholesterol and triglyceride levels, and describes lipoproteins. It then discusses the treatment of dyslipidemia, including lifestyle modifications and various drug therapies such as statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, and other newer therapies. It provides details on the mechanisms of action, uses, dosing, and side effects of these different drug classes.
antihyper lipidemia & plantcons
This document discusses hyperlipidemia and various plant constituents that can help treat it. It begins by defining hyperlipidemia and listing some common causes. It then discusses the lipid regulation pathway and how various conditions like diabetes, hypothyroidism, and alcohol use can disrupt this pathway and cause hyperlipidemia. The document focuses on various polyphenolic compounds found in plants that have been shown to help treat hyperlipidemia by modulating the AMPK pathway and SREBP transcription factor to lower cholesterol synthesis and increase excretion. Specific polyphenols discussed include catechins, EGCG, and the Bergamot Polyphenol Fraction.
Hyperlipidemia
This document summarizes key aspects of lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia management. It defines lipids and lipoproteins, describes their normal roles and abnormalities. Mechanisms and examples of different drug classes for treating hyperlipidemia are provided, including statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, and PCSK9 inhibitors. Their mechanisms, therapeutic uses, side effects and drug interactions are concisely outlined. Non-drug management including lifestyle changes and therapeutic lifestyle counseling are also mentioned.
Hypolipideamic drugs.pptx
This document discusses hypolipidemic drugs, which lower lipid and lipoprotein levels in the blood. It covers the classification of lipoproteins and causes of hyperlipoproteinemia. The main classes of hypolipidemic drugs discussed are statins, fibrates, bile acid sequestrants, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, and gugulipid. Each drug class is explained in terms of its mechanism of action, effects on lipids, and common adverse effects.
Pharmacology of Hypolipidaemics drugs
Hypolipidaemics pharmacology with a note on Statins /Fibrates/ Sterol absorption Inhibitors/ CETP Inhibitors / Lipoprotein Lipase activators and Bile acid sequestrants
Hyperlipidemia
Hyperlipidemia , dyslipidemia , and drug therapy
also Fat transport and metabolisim and pathophysiology of lipoprotein
clincal importance of
1. Hypertriglycredemia
2. Hypercholesterolemia
3.Combined hyperlipidemia
4. Some other lipoprotein disorders
Including disorder of HDL_C
Hyperlipidemia
This document discusses lipids and hyperlipidemia. It begins by explaining how chylomicrons, LDL, and HDL transport lipids between the intestines and cells. High levels of oxidized LDL can lead to atherosclerosis. Hyperlipidemia is characterized by abnormally high levels of fats and lipids in the blood. It causes atherosclerosis and conditions like heart disease. Various drugs are used to treat hyperlipidemia including statins, fibrates, niacin, bile acid sequestrants, and omega-3 fatty acids. The document explains the mechanisms of these drug classes.
Antihyperlipidemics1
This document discusses various drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It describes how statins work by inhibiting cholesterol biosynthesis in the liver, leading to increased LDL receptor levels and lowered cholesterol. It also discusses other drugs like fibrates that lower triglycerides, bile acid sequestrants that lower cholesterol by increasing bile acid excretion, and niacin that reduces triglycerides and LDL while increasing HDL. The risks and mechanisms of these antihyperlipidemic drugs are summarized.
hypolipidemic agents.pptx
This document discusses hypolipidemic agents used to treat high cholesterol and triglycerides. It begins by describing cholesterol and lipoproteins, then covers atherosclerosis and its causes. Various drug classes are explained in depth, including HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, nicotinic acid, and ezetimibe. Combination drug therapies are also used. Statins are generally the preferred first-line treatment due to their ability to significantly lower LDL cholesterol levels. Special considerations include drug interactions and contraindications of the various hypolipidemic agents.
hypolipidemic drugs-AHS Gowtham sap
This document discusses hypolipidemic drugs used to treat dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. It begins by introducing dyslipidemia as a major cause of ischemia. It then categorizes hypolipidemic drugs and discusses their mechanisms and effects. The main drug classes covered are statins, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, nicotinic acid, and ezetimibe. Specific drugs like atorvastatin, rosuvastatin, cholestyramine, and fenofibrate are explained in terms of their dosing, effects on lipids, and adverse effect profiles. Guidelines for LDL cholesterol lowering and treatment of various lipid disorders are also reviewed.
Antihyperlipidemic drugs
Hyperlipidemia is a common disorder caused by abnormalities in lipid metabolism or transport. It results in high levels of lipids like cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood. Hyperlipidemia is classified based on the abnormal lipid levels and is primarily treated through lifestyle changes and medications that lower lipid levels. Common drug classes used to treat hyperlipidemia work by inhibiting cholesterol synthesis, breaking down fats, or blocking lipid absorption.
Cvs 6
This document describes different types of antihyperlipidemic drugs used to treat various types of hyperlipidemias. It discusses the mechanisms and side effects of niacin, fibrates like gemfibrozil and clofibrate, bile acid sequestrants like cholestyramine, statins which inhibit HMG CoA reductase, and ezetimibe which inhibits cholesterol absorption. The types of hyperlipidemia and appropriate drug therapies are outlined.
Antilipemics
Antilipemic agents are drugs used to lower lipid levels such as triglycerides and cholesterol in the blood. The main classes of antilipemic agents are bile acid sequestrants, HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), fibric acid derivatives, and niacin. Each class works through a different mechanism to lower lipid levels and are used to treat various forms of hyperlipidemia. Nursing implications for antilipemic agents include assessing for contraindications, monitoring for side effects and therapeutic effects, and educating patients about medication administration and lifestyle modifications.
Diabetes Mellitus
1. Diabetes Mellitus is a disease caused by either insulin deficiency or decreased response to insulin, resulting in high blood glucose levels.
2. Insulin is a hormone produced by beta cells in the pancreas that allows cells to take up glucose from the blood for energy.
3. Symptoms of diabetes include frequent urination, increased thirst and hunger, and weight loss. Management involves diet, exercise, medications like insulin or oral hypoglycemics, and monitoring of blood glucose levels.
Drugs used in Hyperlipidemia
Hypolipidemic drug, also called lipid-lowering drug, any agent the reduces the level of lipids and lipoproteins (lipid-protein complexes) in the blood.
Lipid Guidelines - Dr. Ajay Kantharia
The document discusses lipids and lipoproteins, providing information on their structure, function, and roles in cardiovascular disease. It outlines guidelines for lipid profiling and therapeutic lifestyle changes and drug therapies to control lipid levels and reduce cardiovascular risk. Key points include classifications of lipoproteins and lipid levels, goals for lowering LDL and triglycerides, and drug classes like statins, fibrates, and niacin that are used to treat dyslipidemia.
Hypolipidemic drugs
This document provides information on hypolipidemic drugs used to treat dyslipidemia and cardiovascular disease. It discusses the classification and mechanisms of action of major drug classes, including statins, bile acid sequestrants, fibrates, nicotinic acid, ezetimibe, and newer drugs. Adverse effects and guidelines for use are also summarized. The document aims to inform readers about lipid-lowering pharmacotherapy and lipid level targets for reducing cardiovascular risk.
Antihyperlipidemic Agent
This document discusses various types of drugs used to treat hyperlipidemia. It begins by defining hyperlipidemia as a common disorder involving abnormal lipid metabolism that is a major cause of heart disease. It then describes several classes of antihyperlipidemic drugs, including HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins), fibric acid derivatives, bile acid sequestrants, LDL oxidation inhibitors, and pyridine derivatives. For each class, examples of drugs are provided along with their mechanisms of action and effects on lipid levels.
Similar to Powerpoints Hypolipidemics (20)
More from MD Specialclass
Applied nutrition 3 rd presentation - diseases of liver, gall bladder, and ...
The document provides detailed information about diseases of the liver, gallbladder, and pancreas. It discusses the anatomy and functions of the liver, signs and symptoms of various hepatitis types, cirrhosis, and hepatic coma. It also covers cholecystitis, including causes, clinical manifestations, and dietary management for related conditions.
Git diseases presentn no. 2 applied nutrition
This document discusses the dietary management of various gastrointestinal diseases including diarrhea, constipation, gastritis, and peptic ulcers. It describes the anatomy and functions of the digestive system. It defines different types of constipation and diarrhea and their causes. Dietary recommendations are provided for different GI conditions, focusing on fluid and fiber intake, meal patterns, and avoiding irritating foods. Medical treatments including drugs and H. pylori eradication therapies are also summarized.
Getting ahead of headaches
The document discusses headaches, their prevalence, types, symptoms, evaluation, treatment and management. It notes that 90% of individuals experience at least one headache per year, with 40% experiencing severe headaches. It describes the most common primary headache types as migraine (16%), tension-type (69%) and cluster (0.1%). Secondary headaches are often caused by infection, injury or vascular issues. Evaluation of headaches involves considering quality, severity, location, duration and time course. Serious underlying causes may present with worst-ever headaches, new headaches in older patients, or symptoms like fever or neurological issues. Treatment involves identifying and avoiding triggers, managing symptoms, and using medications like triptans, NSAIDs or preventive drugs.
Acute brain attack 911
The document provides guidelines for diagnosing and managing different types and severities of acute brain attacks or strokes. It discusses classifying strokes as TIA, mild, moderate or severe based on symptoms. For TIA and mild strokes, the guidelines recommend emergent diagnostic tests like CT scan and treating conditions like high blood pressure. For moderate strokes, the priorities are supportive care, monitoring vitals, diagnostics like blood tests and CT scan. The guidelines provide recommendations for diagnosing the type of stroke and identifying underlying causes through further diagnostic testing.
Hema intro anemia
This document provides an introduction to hematology and summarizes key topics including:
1. The components of blood and cellular elements such as red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets.
2. Principles of hematologic diagnosis including medical history, physical examination, and laboratory evaluations like complete blood count and peripheral blood smear.
3. Causes of anemia including hypoproliferative anemias like anemia of chronic disease and anemia of renal disease.
4. Aplastic anemia, its definition, epidemiology, etiology including acquired, inherited, and secondary causes.
EXCRETA, SEWAGE, REFUSE DISPOSAL
The document discusses human excreta (feces and urine), sewage, and refuse disposal. It describes:
- Nutrients contained in human excreta and their importance as fertilizer.
- Public health risks of improper excreta and sewage disposal such as disease transmission.
- Approved methods and systems for excreta, sewage, and refuse disposal including pit latrines, septic tanks, and sewage treatment to remove pathogens and nutrients.
EXCRETA, SEWAGE, REFUSE DISPOSAL
The document provides information on excreta, sewage, and refuse disposal. It discusses the nutrients contained in human feces and urine. It describes various methods for the disposal of human excreta including pit latrines, septic tanks, and composting toilets. It also covers the treatment and reuse of sewage and graywater. The document emphasizes the importance of properly disposing of human waste to prevent disease and pollution, while highlighting the potential for waste to be used as a resource.
Fever & id diet final
1. The document discusses dietary recommendations for various infectious diseases and conditions including fever, malaria, emphysema, rheumatic fever, tuberculosis, and others.
2. For fever and infections, the recommendations are to increase calories to meet increased metabolic demands and avoid starvation, increase protein intake to correct nitrogen balance, and increase carbohydrates and fluids.
3. For specific conditions like emphysema, recommendations include high calorie, low carbohydrate, high protein diets as well as vitamin supplements and regular exercise to promote strength and efficiency.
Eating disorders
Up to 4% of adolescents and young adults suffer from eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent binge eating and compensatory behaviors like purging. Both disorders involve biological factors like changes in neurotransmitters and hormones as well as psychological and social factors like perfectionism, low self-esteem, and troubled family relationships. They have varying mortality rates, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments depending on the specific type and characteristics of each case.
Hepatocellular carcinoma
Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies worldwide. Its incidence varies significantly between regions, from low rates in the United States and Africa to very high rates in parts of Asia. Major risk factors include chronic hepatitis B and C infections. Clinical features can include abdominal pain, weight loss, jaundice, and hepatomegaly. Diagnosis involves blood tests, ultrasound, CT scan, MRI and sometimes liver biopsy. High-risk groups are screened regularly through alpha-fetoprotein testing and ultrasound. Treatment options depend on the stage but may include surgical resection, ablation, chemotherapy, and transplantation.
Eating disorders
Up to 4% of adolescents and young adults suffer from eating disorders like anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. Anorexia nervosa is characterized by refusal to maintain a healthy body weight and an intense fear of gaining weight. Bulimia nervosa involves recurrent binge eating and compensatory behaviors like purging. Both disorders involve biological factors like changes in neurotransmitters and hormones as well as psychological and social factors like perfectionism, low self-esteem, and troubled family relationships. They have varying mortality rates, symptoms, comorbidities, and treatments depending on the specific type and characteristics of each case.
Normal sleep and sleep disorders
This document summarizes the stages and neurophysiology of sleep. It describes the four stages of non-REM sleep characterized by different brain wave patterns. REM sleep is characterized by low voltage mixed frequency brain waves. Various brain regions are involved in regulating the sleep-wake cycle. Sleep serves important restorative functions and deficiencies can cause problems like daytime sleepiness. Insomnia and other sleep disorders are also summarized.
Tic disorder
This document discusses tic disorders such as Tourette's disorder. It defines tics as involuntary muscle contractions or vocalizations. Tourette's is characterized by both multiple motor and at least one vocal tic over a period of more than one year. Onset is before age 18. It occurs more in males than females and is associated with ADHD and OCD. Treatment includes haloperidol. Differential diagnoses include chronic motor or vocal tic disorder and transient tic disorder.
Thyroid
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. It notes that regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise has also been shown to enhance self-esteem and serve as a healthy distraction from daily stressors.
Dermatology dr.n.ramos
The document outlines a dermatology syllabus covering various common skin conditions organized into 18 topics. Some of the key conditions discussed include eczema (its classification and types), urticaria, acne/rosacea, psoriasis, infections (bacterial, viral, fungal), sexually transmitted diseases, tumors (benign and malignant), and connective tissue diseases. For each condition, the syllabus provides details on pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnostic criteria where relevant, and treatment approaches.
Tic disorder
This document discusses tic disorders, including Tourette's disorder. It defines tics as involuntary muscle contractions or vocalizations. There are simple and complex motor and vocal tics. Tourette's disorder is characterized by both multiple motor and at least one vocal tic for over a year. Onset is before age 18. It occurs more in males than females and is associated with ADHD and OCD. While the cause is unknown, dopamine and endogenous opioids may play a role. Treatment includes haloperidol. Transient tic disorder involves single or multiple tics for less than a year.
Toxic and drug induced hepatitis
The document discusses various causes of drug-induced liver injury including direct toxicity from drugs like acetaminophen and carbon tetrachloride as well as idiosyncratic reactions. Certain drugs are more likely to cause hepatotoxicity through both direct toxicity and idiosyncratic mechanisms. Supportive treatment measures for acetaminophen overdose-induced liver injury are also outlined. Herbal and dietary supplements can also potentially cause liver injury through mechanisms like pyrrolizidine alkaloid contamination.
Pancreatic disease
The document discusses acute and chronic pancreatitis, including causes such as alcohol abuse, gallstones, and trauma. It describes clinical features such as severe epigastric pain and elevated serum amylase and lipase levels. Diagnostic tests include blood tests, imaging like CT scans and MRCP, and endoscopic ultrasound. Treatment depends on the severity and includes IV fluids, analgesics, antibiotics, and surgery for complications like pseudocysts or obstruction.
Liver disease
This document provides an overview of evaluating and diagnosing liver disease. It discusses classifying liver diseases as hepatocellular, cholestatic, or mixed based on etiology and evaluating disease severity and stage. Common symptoms, diagnostic tests, clinical findings, and classifications such as Child-Pugh staging for cirrhosis are outlined.
Complications of cirrhosis
The document discusses various complications that can arise from cirrhosis of the liver. It describes portal hypertension, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, hepatorenal syndrome, hepatic encephalopathy, coagulation abnormalities, and other hematologic abnormalities as common complications. Diagnosis and treatment approaches are mentioned for several of these conditions.
More from MD Specialclass (20)
Applied nutrition 3 rd presentation - diseases of liver, gall bladder, and ...
Applied nutrition 3 rd presentation - diseases of liver, gall bladder, and ...
Recently uploaded
Efficacy of Avartana Sneha in Ayurveda
Avartana Sneha is a unique method of Preparation of Sneha Kalpana in Ayurveda, mainly it is indicated for the Vataja rogas.
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/kqbnxVAZs-0
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/SINlygW1Mpc
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
Journal Article Review on Rasamanikya
Rasamanikya is a excellent preparation in the field of Rasashastra, it is used in various Kushtha Roga, Shwasa, Vicharchika, Bhagandara, Vatarakta, and Phiranga Roga. In this article Preparation& Comparative analytical profile for both Formulationon i.e Rasamanikya prepared by Kushmanda swarasa & Churnodhaka Shodita Haratala. The study aims to provide insights into the comparative efficacy and analytical aspects of these formulations for enhanced therapeutic outcomes.
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptxHolistified Wellness
We’re talking about Vedic Meditation, a form of meditation that has been around for at least 5,000 years. Back then, the people who lived in the Indus Valley, now known as India and Pakistan, practised meditation as a fundamental part of daily life. This knowledge that has given us yoga and Ayurveda, was known as Veda, hence the name Vedic. And though there are some written records, the practice has been passed down verbally from generation to generation.share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
• Pitfalls and pivots needed to use AI effectively in public health
• Evidence-based strategies to address health misinformation effectively
• Building trust with communities online and offline
• Equipping health professionals to address questions, concerns and health misinformation
• Assessing risk and mitigating harm from adverse health narratives in communities, health workforce and health system
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Swisschem Dermacare has mentioned the List of The Best Antifungal Soap In India 2022. All of these soaps are trusted by various Dermatology Experts.
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
STIs may cause PID. For the both disease, herbal medicine Fuyan Pill can be a solution.
Histololgy of Female Reproductive System.pptx
Dive into an in-depth exploration of the histological structure of female reproductive system with this comprehensive lecture. Presented by Dr. Ayesha Irfan, Assistant Professor of Anatomy, this presentation covers the Gross anatomy and functional histology of the female reproductive organs. Ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in medical science, this lecture provides clear explanations, detailed diagrams, and valuable insights into female reproductive system. Enhance your knowledge and understanding of this essential aspect of human biology.
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Our aim is to organise conscious gatherings and retreats for open and inquisitive minds and souls, with and without the assistance of sacred plants.
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
There is increasing confidence that cell therapies will soon play a role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders, but the extent of this impact remains to be seen. Early readouts on autologous CAR-Ts in lupus are encouraging, but manufacturing and cost limitations are likely to restrict access to highly refractory patients. Allogeneic CAR-Ts have the potential to broaden access to earlier lines of treatment due to their inherent cost benefits, however they will need to demonstrate comparable or improved efficacy to established modalities.
In addition to infrastructure and capacity constraints, CAR-Ts face a very different risk-benefit dynamic in autoimmune compared to oncology, highlighting the need for tolerable therapies with low adverse event risk. CAR-NK and Treg-based therapies are also being developed in certain autoimmune disorders and may demonstrate favorable safety profiles. Several novel non-cell therapies such as bispecific antibodies, nanobodies, and RNAi drugs, may also offer future alternative competitive solutions with variable value propositions.
Widespread adoption of cell therapies will not only require strong efficacy and safety data, but also adapted pricing and access strategies. At oncology-based price points, CAR-Ts are unlikely to achieve broad market access in autoimmune disorders, with eligible patient populations that are potentially orders of magnitude greater than the number of currently addressable cancer patients. Developers have made strides towards reducing cell therapy COGS while improving manufacturing efficiency, but payors will inevitably restrict access until more sustainable pricing is achieved.
Despite these headwinds, industry leaders and investors remain confident that cell therapies are poised to address significant unmet need in patients suffering from autoimmune disorders. However, the extent of this impact on the treatment landscape remains to be seen, as the industry rapidly approaches an inflection point.
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Learn about body grief and ways to cope with it. We will also explore methods to heal from this challenging experience.
Recently uploaded (20)
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Vestibulocochlear Nerve by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
Hemodialysis: Chapter 4, Dialysate Circuit - Dr.Gawad
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
8 Surprising Reasons To Meditate 40 Minutes A Day That Can Change Your Life.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
share - Lions, tigers, AI and health misinformation, oh my!.pptx
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Top Effective Soaps for Fungal Skin Infections in India
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Ear and its clinical correlations By Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
How STIs Influence the Development of Pelvic Inflammatory Disease.pptx
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Light House Retreats: Plant Medicine Retreat Europe
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Cell Therapy Expansion and Challenges in Autoimmune Disease
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Basavarajeeyam - Ayurvedic heritage book of Andhra pradesh
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Muscles of Mastication by Dr. Rabia Inam Gandapore.pptx
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Part II - Body Grief: Losing parts of ourselves and our identity before, duri...
Powerpoints Hypolipidemics
- 2. Plasma Lipids cholesterol and triglycerides Essential fatty acid linoleic acid and linolenic acid Poly-unsaturated Fatty Acid
- 6. Triglyceride(mostly) +phospholipids +protein Apoproteins-B-48, C, E, A-I, A-II B. VLDL -principal carrier of triglycerides Catabolism of VLDL results in the formation of LDL. (Beta-shift) Apoproteins-C species, B-100, E A . Chylomicrons Synthesis and Catabolism
- 7. D. LDL-cholesteryl esters (mostly) Apoproteins-B-100 E. HDL Apoprotein +phospholipids + cholesterol Apoproteins-A-I, A-II, C, E C. IDL - triglycerides + cholesteryl esters Apoproteins-B-100, E, C
- 10. Characteristic cellular components in atherosclerotic plaques. They are transformed macrophages and smooth muscle cells that are filled with CHOLESTERYL ESTERS . They are the result of endocytosis of chemically modified lipoproteins via as many as 4 molecular species of scavenger receptors (inability of these receptors to be down regulated by high intracellular levels of cholesterol). Interaction of collagen, fibrin, calcium Occlude coronary vessels or rupture of unstable plaques> occlusive thrombus Foam Cells
- 17. D. Familial dysbetalipoproteinemia ↑ VLDL and chylomicron remnants E. Familial hypercholesterolemia Heterozygous or homozygous ↑ LDL F. Lp(a) hyperlipoproteinemia ↑ Lp(a)
- 21. Frederickson/WHO classification of Hyperlipoproteinemia None NS ++ + Chylomicrons + VLDL V Fibrates moderate ++ + VLDL IV Fibrates moderate ++ ++ VLDL III Fibrates, Statins resins HIGH ++ ++ LDL +VLDL IIb Statins +/ resins HIGH NS ++ LDL IIa NONE NS +++ + Chylomicrons I DRUG TREATMENT Atherosclerosis Risk TG Cholesterol Lipoprotein Elevated Type