This document summarizes the key features of odontogenic keratocysts, which are developmental cysts originating from dental lamina remnants. They typically occur in people ages 20-30 and have a higher prevalence in males and blacks. Radiographically, they appear as oval-shaped radiolucencies most commonly in the mandibular angle that can cause bone expansion. Histologically, they are lined by a parakeratinized stratified squamous epithelium and can have satellite cysts. Treatment involves thorough enucleation and sometimes peripheral osteotomy due to their high recurrence risk from satellite cells and proliferation of basal cells.
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors(KCOT) or Odontogenic Keratocyst(OKC)OKCMohamadreza Lalegani
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors or KERATOCYSTIC ODONTOGENIC TUMOR is a distinctive form of developmental odontogenic cyst. in this presentation we will examine pathological , clinical and Especially it's radiographical features. at the end we will investigate a number of case reports from literature.
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors(KCOT) or Odontogenic Keratocyst(OKC)OKCMohamadreza Lalegani
Keratocystic odontogenic tumors or KERATOCYSTIC ODONTOGENIC TUMOR is a distinctive form of developmental odontogenic cyst. in this presentation we will examine pathological , clinical and Especially it's radiographical features. at the end we will investigate a number of case reports from literature.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Odontogenic cysts ii/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The various cysts of the jaws, few key points for the diagnosis and the treatment options available for each.
Mentor: Dr Saikat Saha MDS, OMFS, SIliguri, West Bengal, India
Address: MAXFAC Center for Oral and Maxillofacial and Head & Neck Surgery, Siliguri
Email : maxfacmail@gmail.com
Odontogenic cysts i / dental implant courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
A cyst is an epithelium-lined sac containing fluid or semisolid material. In the formation of a cyst, the epithelial cells first proliferate and later undergo degeneration and liquefaction. The liquefied material exerts equal pressure on the walls of the cyst from within. Cysts grow by expansion and thus displace the adjacent teeth by pressure. May can produce expansion of the cortical bone. On a radiograph, the radiolucency of a cyst is usually bordered by a radiopaque periphery of dense sclerotic bone. The radiolucency may be unilocular or multilocular. Odontogenic cysts are those which arise from the epithelium associated with the development of teeth. The source of epithelium is from the enamel organ, the reduced enamel epithelium, the cell rests of Malassez or the remnants of the dental lamina.
Odontogenic keratocyst involving maxillary antrum / dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Odontogenic cysts ii/certified fixed orthodontic courses by Indian dental aca...Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The various cysts of the jaws, few key points for the diagnosis and the treatment options available for each.
Mentor: Dr Saikat Saha MDS, OMFS, SIliguri, West Bengal, India
Address: MAXFAC Center for Oral and Maxillofacial and Head & Neck Surgery, Siliguri
Email : maxfacmail@gmail.com
Odontogenic cysts i / dental implant courses by Indian dental academy Indian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
A cyst is an epithelium-lined sac containing fluid or semisolid material. In the formation of a cyst, the epithelial cells first proliferate and later undergo degeneration and liquefaction. The liquefied material exerts equal pressure on the walls of the cyst from within. Cysts grow by expansion and thus displace the adjacent teeth by pressure. May can produce expansion of the cortical bone. On a radiograph, the radiolucency of a cyst is usually bordered by a radiopaque periphery of dense sclerotic bone. The radiolucency may be unilocular or multilocular. Odontogenic cysts are those which arise from the epithelium associated with the development of teeth. The source of epithelium is from the enamel organ, the reduced enamel epithelium, the cell rests of Malassez or the remnants of the dental lamina.
Odontogenic keratocyst involving maxillary antrum / dental coursesIndian dental academy
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.
Many radiolucent or mixed radiolucent/radiopaque lesions of the mandible & maxilla may present as incidental findings on radiographs or as the main symptom of a patient. Complete history & physical examination with appropriate radiographic examination & pathologic confirmation completes the management of these diseases.
DENTIGEROUS CYST- an odontogenic cyst that surrounds the crown of impacted tooth , develops by fluid accumulation between REE(reduced enamel epithelium) and the enamel surface , resulting in a cyst which the crown located within the lumen.
Similar to Odontogenic tumors-2002-02-slides (1) (20)
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
These lecture slides, by Dr Sidra Arshad, offer a quick overview of physiological basis of a normal electrocardiogram.
Learning objectives:
1. Define an electrocardiogram (ECG) and electrocardiography
2. Describe how dipoles generated by the heart produce the waveforms of the ECG
3. Describe the components of a normal electrocardiogram of a typical bipolar leads (limb II)
4. Differentiate between intervals and segments
5. Enlist some common indications for obtaining an ECG
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 11, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 9, Human Physiology - From Cells to Systems, Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
3. Chapter 29, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
4. Electrocardiogram, StatPearls - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549803/
5. ECG in Medical Practice by ABM Abdullah, 4th edition
6. ECG Basics, http://www.nataliescasebook.com/tag/e-c-g-basics
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Anti ulcer drugs and their Advance pharmacology ||
Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
This document describes the acute management of AV block.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
2. ODONTOGENIC
KERATOCYST
DEVELOPMENTAL CYST OF UNKNOWN
ORIGIN
FROM REMINANTS OF DENTAL LAMINA
11% OF ALL JAW DERIVED CYSTS ARE
OKC
ALSO KNOWN AS PRIMORDIAL
CYST(BASED UPON PRIGIN)
3. CLINICAL FEATURES
AGE:-OCCURS OVER A WIDE
RANGE,INTIATED IN EARLY LIFE,PEAK
INCIDENCE IN 2nd & 3rd DECADES.
SEX:- MALES>FEMALES;BLAKS>WHITES
SITE:-MORE IN MANDIBLE;AT ANGLE
MOSTLY
SYMPTOMS:-ASYMPTOMATIC TILL 2ndrly
INFECTED
IF 2ndrly INFECTD PID COMPLAINTS OF
PAIN,SWELLING,EXPANSION OF
BONE,PARASTHESIA OF LOWER LIP AND
TEETH
4.
5. TEETH:-MAY BE DISPLACED IF EXPANDS
THROUGH CANCELLOUS BONE&BODY OF
MANDIBLE
SIGNS:-CAN LEAD TO PATHOLOGIC
FRACTURE & AS THESE CYSTS GROW IN
ANTEROPOSTERIOR DIRECTION THERE IS
NO BONY EXPANSION IN MOST CASES
ASPIRATION:-ON THIS GETS A
ODORLESS,REAMY OR CASEOUS MATERIAL
8. ROENTGENOGRAPHIC
FEATURES
1) SITE:- >90% SEEN POSTERIOR TO
CANINE IN MANDIBLE;AMONG THEM
>50% AT ANGLE OF MANDIBLE.
2) CHARACTERISTIC:- 40%SUGGESTIVE
DENTIGEROUS CYST
25% OF PRIMORDIAL CYST
25% OF LATERAL PERIODONTAL CYST
10% GLOBULO MAXILLARY CYST
10. 3)INTERNAL STRUCTURE:- UNDULATING
BORDERS WITH CLOUDY INTERIOR
APPEARENCES SUGGESTIVE OF
MULTILOCULARITY.
4)SIZE:- VARIES FROM 5Cm or MORE IN DIAMETER.
5)SHAPE:- USUALLY OVAL EXTENDING ALONG BODY
OF MANDIBLE.
6)MARGINS ARE HYPEROSTOTIC
7)UNILOCULAR VARIETY:- MAJORITY OF LESIONS
ARE UNILOCULAR WITH SMOOTH BORDERS OR
LARGE IRREGULAR BORDERS.
RADIOLUCENCY IS HAZY DUE TO KERATIN FILLED
CAVITY& SURRONDED BY THIN SCLEROTIC RIM.
11.
12.
13. IN SOME CASES IT CAN PERFORATE BUCCAL
&LINGUAL CORTICAL PLATES OF BONE,DUE TO
WHICH DISPLACEMENT OF INFERIOR ALVEOLAR
CANAL OCCURS.
CT FEATURES WILL DEMONSTRATE EXACT
DIMENSIONS OF RADIOLUCENCY.
RADIOLOGICAL TYPES OF KERATOCYST:ENVELOPMENTAL TYPE
REPLACEMENT TYPE
EXTRANEOUS TYPE
COLLATERAL TYPE
14. HISTOLOGICAL FEATURES
• LINING EPITHELIUM IS HIGHLY
CHARACTERISTIC &COMPOSED OF
1)PARAKERATINISED SURFACE WHICH IS
TYPICALLY CORRUGATED,RIPPLED.
2)6-10CELL THICKNESS OF EPITHELIUM
3)PROMINENT PALISADED POLARISED
BASAL LAYER OF CELLS OFTEN
DESCRIBE AS “PICKET FENCE” or
“TOMBSTONE” appearance.
16. FORMED WITH STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS
EPITHELIUM THAT PRODUCES
ORTHOKERATIN(10%)
PARAKERATIN(83%).
NO RETERIDGES ARE PRESENT.
LUMEN IS FILLED WITH STRAW COLOUR
FLUID WITH GR8 DEAL OF KERATIN.
CHOLESTEROL,HYALINE BODIES ARE
PRESENT AT SITE OF INFLAMMATION.
DYSPLASTIC &NEOPLASTIC FEATURES
OF LINING EPITHELIUM IS UNCOMMON.
C.TISSUE HAS DAUGHTER or SATELLITE
CYSTS
17. DIAGNOSIS
CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS- Not so specific.
RADIOLOGICAL- Radiolucency extending in
anteroposterior direction with undulating borders
suggest OKC.
LAB DIAGNOSIS-Biopsy reveals the related
histological features.
DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS:
AMELOBLASTOMA
RESIDUAL CYST
TRAUMATIC CYST
FIBROMA
GAINT CELL GRANULOMA
18. MANAGEMENT
ENUCLEATION-WITH VIGOROUS CURETTAGE OF
CYSTIC WALL.
PERIPHERAL OSTEOTOMY-REDUCES CHANCES
OF RECURRENCE.
CHEMICAL CAUTERIZATION-WITH INTRALUMINAL
Inj .OF CARNOY’S Sol.
DECOMPOSITION-WITH HELP OF POLYETHYLENE
DRIANAGE TUBE KEPT IN BONY CAVITY.
19. RECURRENCE
VERY HIGH DUE TO-SATELLITE CELLS
NEW CYST FORMATION
DIFFICULTY IN ENUCLEATION
INTRINSIC GROWTH POTENTIAL
PROLIFERATION OF BASAL CELL.