This lecture was presented the the Osteopathic students at Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences. At the very beginning you will find operative videos that I recorded from some of my cases.
This lecture was presented the the Osteopathic students at Pacific Northwest University of Health Sciences. At the very beginning you will find operative videos that I recorded from some of my cases.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
Knee anatomy and clinical tests 2024.pdfvimalpl1234
This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
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Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
2. ACUTE OSTEOMYELITIS
• DENOTES INFECTION OF CORTICAL
BONE & BONE MARROW
• ETIOPATHOGENESIS
• HAEMATOGENOUS SPREAD FROM
DISTANT FOCI
• DIRECT INVASION FROM INFECTED
WOUND OR JOINT
• ORGANISM –bacteria-most commonly
STAPH AUREUS.
4. X-RAY FINDING
SWELLING WITH EDEMA &BLURRING
OF FAT PLANES
SMALL SINGLE OR MULTIPLE LUCENCY
AFFECTING METAPHYSES
ELAVATION OF PERIOSTEUM
&LAYERED NEW BONE FORM
PERIOSTEAL REACTION –LAMELLAR
OSTEOPENIA IN SURROUNDING BONE
DUE TO HYPERAEMIA
5. MRI FINDINGS
HIGHLY SENSITIVE
IMAGING MODALITY OF CHOICE IN EARLY STAGE
SHOWS LOW SIGNAL INTENSITY ON TI &HIGH
SIGNAL INTENSITY ON T2 &FAT SUPPRESSED &
STIR SEQ
SHOWS POST CONTRAST ENHANCEMENT
INTRAOSSEOUS,SUBPERIOSTEAL & SOFT TISSUE
ABCESS IF PRESENT APPEAR AS WELL
CIRCUMSCRIBED AREA OF LOW SIGNAL ON T1 HIGH
SIGNAL ON T2 &SHOWING RIM ENHANCEMENT
7. BRODIES ABCESS
A SUBACUTE LOCALISED TYPE OF
OSTEOMYELITIS,FOUND IN CANCELLOUS
TISSUE NEAR END OF BONE.
CAUSED BY ORGANISMS OF LOW
VIRULENCE .
ON XRAY-WELL CIRCUMCSRIBED AREA
OF BONE DESTRUCTION HAS A
SURROUNDING ZONE OF REACTIVE
SCLEROSIS SOMETIMES ACCOMPANIED
BY PERIOSTEAL REACTION
8. CT DEMONSTATES CENTRAL
NECROSIS & SEQUESTRATION OF THE
LESION WITH LOCAL SURROUNDING
SCLEROSIS
MRI SHOWS HYPERINTENSE NIDUS ON
T2 WITH SCLEROTIC RIM.
9. CHRONIC
OSTEOMYELITIS
RESULTS FROM INADEQUATELY
TREATED OSTEOMYELITIS
FROM INFECTION FOLLOWING
COMPOUND FRACTURE
IATROGENIC CAUSE –JT
REPLACEMENT &INTERNAL FIXATION
OF FRACTURE
INFECTION WITH MYCO.
TUBERCULOSIS &TREP PALLIDUM
10. CLINICAL FEATURES
PAIN ,LOCAL SWELLING
PUS DISCHARGE &SINUS FORMATION
SYSTEMIC SYMPTOMS-FEVER &
MALAISE
11. PATHOGENESIS
DIRECT INVASION OF SYNOVIAL
MEMBRANE BYPENETRATING
WOUND,POSTSURGICAL JOINT
REPLACEMENT
INFECTION OF ADJACENT TISSUE
HEMATOGENOUS SPREAD FROM
BLOOD BORNE INFECTION
SPREAD FROM OSTEOMYELITIS
12. FEATURES OF CHRONIC
OSTEOMYELITIS
INVOLUCRUM-THICK PERIOSTEUM
AROUND INFECTED BONE
SEQUESTRUM- PIECE OF DEAD
INFECTED BONE
CLOACAE-OPENING IN CORTEX
THROUGH WHICH PUS ESCAPE
13. X RAY FINDINGS
SCLEROTIC & LUCENT AREA ADMIXED
WITH BONE THICKENING
IRREGULARITIES & DEFORMITIES
SEQUESTRUM REMAIN AS AVASCULAR
ISOLATED SEGMENT DENSER THAN
SURROUNDING BONE
SINUS TRACT – SEEN AS ALUCENT TRACK
EXTENDING IN CONTIGUITY FROM
MEDULLARY CAVITY WITH DISRUPTION
OF CORTEX.
14. CT FINDINGS
CT ADDS GREATER ANATOMICAL
DETAIL TO CHANGES IN CHRONIC
OSTEOMYELITIS
SEQUESTRA REMAIN AS HIGH
ATTENUATION SPICULES OF BONE IN
AREAS OF OSTEOLYSIS
CLOACAE, PERIOSTITIS & LOCAL SOFT
TISSUE MASSES ARE WELL DEPICTED
15. MRI
DEVITALISED BONE SHOW LOSS OF
SIGNAL & DOES NOT ENHANCE .
SINUS TRACT SEEN AS A LINEAR AREA
OF LOW SIGNAL ON T1W & HIGH
SIGNAL ON T2W & STIR IMAGES.
SOFT TISSUE INFLAMMATION SEEN AS
BRIGHT SIGNAL ON T2, SHOWING
ENHANCEMENT AFTER CONTRAST
16. SCLEROSING
OSTEOMYELITIS OF GARRE
A RARE TYPE OF CHRONIC
OSTEOMYELITIS IN CHILDREN &YOUNG
ADULTS PRESENTING WITH INSIDIOUS
ONSET OF PAIN
SYMPTOMS RECUR AT INTERVALS & THE
SUBSIDE GRADUALLY
RADIOLOGICAL APPEARANCE IS THAT OF
INTENSE SLEROSIS RESULTING IN
THICKENED BONE.AREAS OF FRANK
BONE DESTRUCTION RARE
18. PATHOGENESIS
FORMn OF PUS IN BONE DEPRIVES LOCAL CORTEX
& MEDULLA OF BLOOD SUPPLY
DEAD BONE RESORBED BY GRANULATION TISSUE
PIECES OF BONE NOT RESORBED REMAIN AS
SEQUESTRA
SEQUESTRA BEING DEVITALISED REMAIN DENSER
THAN SURROUNDING BONE
INVOLUCRUM FORM BENEATH VITAL PERIOSTEUM
ELEVATED BY PUS
IN AREA OF DEAD PERIOSTEUM, DEFECTS IN
INVOLUCRUM OCCURS-RESULTING IN CLOACA
CLOACA ALLOW PUS & SEQUESTRUM TO ESCAPE
VIA SINUS
20. XRAY
MODALITY OF CHOICE FOR INITIAL EVALUATION
EARLY FINDINGS-JOINT EFFUSION,SOFT
TISSUE SWELLING,PERIARTICULAR
OSTEOPOROSIS DUE TOHYPERAEMIA,
LATE FINDINGS-MARGINAL &CENTRAL EROSION
OF SUBCHONDRAL
BONE,SUBLUXATION,DISLOCATION,JOINT
SPACE REDUCTION&BONY ANKYLOSIS
21. ARTHROGRAPHY
RADIOGRAPHS OBTAINED AFTER CONTRAST
INJECTION REVEAL-
DESTRUCTION OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
HYPERTROPHY OF SYNOVIUM
IRREGULAR JOINT CAPSULE IN CHRONIC
INFECTION
23. CT
USED TO GUIDE JOINT ASPIRATION
CT FINDINGS INCLUDE-JOINT
EFFUSION,IRREGULARITY
&NARROWING OF JOINT ,SOFT TISSUE
SWELLING, SUBBCHONDRAL BONE
DESTRUCTION &ARTICULAR EROSION
24. MRI
OVERTLY SENSITIVE HOWEVER
EXPENSIVE
EARLY STAGE SHOWS DISTENSION OF
JOINT WITH FLUID WHICH APPEARS
HYPERINTENSE ON T2
LATER STAGE SHOWS CARTILAGE
DESTRUCTION,JT SPACE
REDUCTION,SPREAD OF INFECTION
TO ADJACENT BONE &SOFT TISSUE
25. POTT”S SPINE
MOSTFREQUENT SITE OF BONE
INVOLVEMENT BY TUBERCULOSIS
DEFINED AS AN INFECTION BY
mycobacterium tuberculosis. OF ONE OR
MORE OF THE EXTRADURAL
COMPONENTS OF SPINE-
VERTEBRA,IV DISC,PARASPINAL SOFT
TISSUE &EPIDURAL SPACE.
26. PATHOGENESIS
SPREAD USUALLY BY THE HEMATOGENOUS
ROUTE BY PERIVERTEBRAL ARTERIAL OR
VENOUS PLEXUS, ARTERIAL BEING MORE
COMMON
INFECTION BEGINS IN CANCELLOUS AREA OF
VERTEBRAL BODY, COMMONLY IN PARADISCAL
LOCATION.VERTEBRA BECOMES SOFT & EASILY
COMPRESSED TO PRODUCE WEDGING OR
COLLAPSE.DISC RESIST INFECTION UNTIL LATE
AS DISC IS AVASCULAR
27. CLINICAL FEATURES
CAN OCCUR AT ANY AGE, BUT
MAJORITY <30 YRS
FEVER,MALAISE , NIGHT SWEATS
PERSISTENT SPINAL PAIN, LOCAL
TENDERNESS,LIMITATION OF SPINAL
MOBILITY
LOWER THORACIC &LUMBER
VERTEBRA MOST COMMONLY
AFFECTED FOLLOWED BYMID
THORACIC & CERVICAL VERTEBRA
28. CLINICAL FEATURES cont
PARAPLEGIA-EARLY ONSET DUE TO
CORD EDEMA ,CORD COMPRESSION BY
EPIDURAL ABCESS OR GRANULATION
TISSUE,PATHOLOGICAL SUBLUXATION
OR DISLOCATION,SEQUESTERED BONE
OR DISC FRAGMENTS
LATE ONSET DUE TO DURAL FIBROSIS,
SEVERE KYPHOSCOLIOTIC
DEFORMITY,SPINAL CANAL STENOSIS&
SEQUESTRA FROM VERTEBRAL BODY
29. XRAY
USUAL INITIAL INVESTIGATION BUT
OFTEN NEGATIVE IN EALY DISEASE.
DEPENDING ON LOCATION FINDINGS
ON XRAY-
PARADISCAL –MOST COMMON TYPE
BEGIN IN ANTERIOR PART OF
VERTEBRAL
SUPERIOR INFERIOR ADJACENT TO
ENDPLATE
30. XRAY FINDINGS contd
DEMINERALISATION & LOSS OF
DEFINITION OF DENSE MARGIN OF
ENDPLATE WITH LITTLE PERIOSTEAL
REACTION OR SCLEROSIS
AS INFECTION SPREADS, ADJACENT IV
DISC GETS INVOLVED WITH NARROWING
OF DISC SPACE
WITH FURTHER PROGRESSION ATERIOR
WEDGING OR COLLAPSE OCCUR
RESULTING IN KYPHOSIS
31. STARTS IN CENTRAL PART OF
VERTEBRAL BODY
SHOWS A LYTIC AREA WITH ABSENCE
OF NORMAL TRABECULAE IN CENTRAL
PORTION AWAY FROM DISC MARGIN
GRADUALLY ENLARGES CAUSING
BALLOONING OF VERTEBRAL BODY.
IN LATER STAGE CONCENTRIC
COLLAPSE OCCUR RESEMBLING
VERTEBRA PLANA
DISC SPACE MINIMALLY AFFECT
32. APPENDICEAL OR NEURAL ARCH
NEURAL ARCH INVOLVEMENT IN 2-30%OF
CASES IN CONTIGUITY WITH VERTEBRAL
BODY INVOLVEMENT
COMMONLY AFFECTS CERVICAL & UPPER
DORSAL SPINE
TENDENCY TOWARDS PEDICLE &LAMINA
INVOLVEMENT
XRAY SHOWS PEDICULAR OR LAMINA
DESTRUCTION, EROSION OF ADJACENT
RIBS OR POSTERIOR CORTEX OF
VERTEBRAL BODY WITH RELATIVE SPARING
33. ABCESS
PRODUCE SOFT TISSUE OPACITY ON XRAY
,OPACITY OFTEN BILATERAL .
GLOBULAR ABCESS DENOTES PUS UNDER
TENSION
ABCESS IN CERVICAL REGION CAUSE
WIDENING OF PREVERTEBRAL TISSUE
DORSAL SPINE ABCESSS CAUSE LATERAL
DISPACEMENT OF POSTEROMEDIAL PLEURAL
LINE
IN LUMBER REGION ABCESS SEEN TO TRACK
ALONG PSOAS PRODUCING BULGING OF
PSOAS OTLINE ON XRAY
34. CT
HELPS IN EARLY DETECTION OF BONE
&SOFT TISSUE
BETTER ANATOMIC LOCALISATION &
CHARACTERISATION OF LESION.
PROVIDE GUIDANCE FOR BIOPSY &
SURGICAL APPROACH
HOWEVER LESS USEFUL THAN MRI AS
EARLY INFLAMMATORY CHANGES ARE
NOT WELL DEPICTED,SOFT TISSUES
POORLY DELINEATED
35. CT FINDINGS
ON CT 4 PATTERNS DESCRIBED
FRAGMENTARY- 47%,MOST COMMON SHOWS
NUMEROUS SMALL BONE FRAGMENTS IN SOFT
TISSUE MASS
OSTEOLYTIC- 33%
SUBPERIOSTEAL-10%
WELL DEFINED LYTIC WITH SCLEROTIC MARGIN
OBLITERATION OF FAT PLANE IS SEEN IN ABCESS
FORMATION.
DISC SPACE NARROWING, KYPHOSIS & CHANGES
SEEN ON XRAY WELL DEPICTED
36. MRI
HAS HIGH SENSITIVITY OF EARLY BONE
INVOLVEMENT & EDEMA, FOR
ASSESMENT OF SPINAL CORD OR
NEURAL INVOLVEMENT INCLUDING
ENDPLATE CHANGES & MARROW
INFILTRATION.
SKIP BONE LESIONS,
EPIDURAL,MENINGEAL &CORD
INVOLVEMENT MORE CLEARLY
37. MRI FINDINGS
T1W IMAGE SHOWS HETEROGENOUS DECREASE
SIGNAL INTENSITY IN AFFECTED VERTEBRA &LOSS OF
CORTICAL DEFINITION
ON T2W IMAGE HETEROGENOUS INCREASED SIGNAL
INTENSITY
PARASPINAL SOFT TISSUE MASSES SEEN WITH LOSS
OF SIGNAL INTENSITY SHOWING POSTCONTRAST
THICK RIM ENHANCEMENT.
ON T2 PARASPINAL MASS APPEAR HYPERINTENSE
EPIDURAL EXTENSION WELL DEPCTED SEEN IN ABOUT
60% INVOLVED VERTEBRA.
POST CONTRAST FAT SUPPRESSED T1 SEQ BEST TO
DEMONSTRATEMENINGEAL & EPIDURAL INFLAMMATORY
SOFT TISSUE
38. TUBERCULAR ARTHRITIS
TUBERCULAR ARTHRITIS USUALLY
AFFECTS MAJOR JOINTS – HIP & KNEE
MULTIFOCAL INFECTION RARE
INFECTION MAY BE SYNOVIAL OR
SECONDARY TO BONE DISEASE.THE
LATTER FACILITATED AS EPIPHYSEAL
PLATE OFFER LITTLE RESISTENCE.
39. TUBERCULOSIS OF HIP
LESIONS COMMONLY ARISE IN
ACETABULUM, SYNOVIUM, FEMORAL
EPIPHYSIS OR METAPHYSISSPREAD
OR SPREAD FROM FOCI IN GREATER
TROCHANTER OR ISCHIUM.
40. STAGE OF SYNOVITIS
IN EARLY SYNOVITIS . SOFT TISSUE
SWELLING & JOINT WIDENING OCCUR DUE
TO EFFUSION
PT PRESENTS WITH IRRITABLE HIP
DISPLACEMENT OF FAT PLANES & POSIVE
OBTURATOR SIGN DUE TO FLEXION
DEFORMITY
FIRST RADIOLOGICAL SIGN MAY BE
JUXTAARTICULAR OSTEOPOROSIS
41. STAGE OF ARTHRITIS
DEFORMITY OF HIP JOINT IS PRESENT
IN ADDITION TO OSTEOPOROSIS LOCALISE
EROSION SEEN IN PERIARTICULAR REGION
DESTRUCTION OF ARTICULAR CARTILAGE
LEADS TO EROSION OF ACETABULAR
MARGIN & FEMORAL HEAD WITH
REDUCTION OF JOINT SPACE.
42. STAGE OF ADVANCED
ARTHRITIS
WITH FURTHR PROGRESSUION .
DESTRUCTION OF , CAPSULE & LIGAMENTS
OCCUR
RTICULAR CARTILAGE, ACETABULUM,
FEMORAL HEAD