The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's chromosomes and controls cell growth and reproduction. It contains the cell's hereditary material and is usually located in the center of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Within the nucleus are chromosomes containing DNA, the nucleolus which produces ribosomes, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
Nucleus” is a Latin word meaning Kernel
It is the “CONTROL CENTER” of the cell
Average diameter of nucleus is 6um, which occupies around 10% of cell volume
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores and complex
Nuclear lamina
Chromosomes & Chromatin
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
Nucleus” is a Latin word meaning Kernel
It is the “CONTROL CENTER” of the cell
Average diameter of nucleus is 6um, which occupies around 10% of cell volume
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Pores and complex
Nuclear lamina
Chromosomes & Chromatin
Nucleolus
Nucleoplasm
it gives information about the nucleus which is the major cell component and its various parts like nuclear pores,nucleolus etc. it helps in the replication of DNA which contain genetic material.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEUS OF A CELL.pptxRASHMI M G
The nucleus is the part of a cell that contains DNA organized into chromosomes and is located in the middle of the cell. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, which is a double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores, which are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus.
The Cell: The Histology Guide
Nucleus - The Cell: The Histology Guide - University of Leeds
The nucleus is found in the middle of the cells, and it contains DNA arranged in chromosomes. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, a double nuclear membrane (outer and inner), which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
open.baypath.edu
Nucleus – BIO109 Biology I Introduction to Biology
The boundary of the nucleus, called the nuclear envelope, is a double membrane that contains small openings called nuclear pores. These pores are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus, enabling it to communicate with the rest of the cell.
The nucleus has three main parts:
Nuclear membrane: A protective barrier of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm: The cytoplasm of the nucleus, which is a semifluid matrix that contains chromatin, the less condensed form of DNA that organizes into chromosomes during mitosis or cell division
Nucleolus: A spherical structure that produces and assembles the cell's ribosomes
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell, such as growth and metabolism.
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DNA
its Discovery
Who Discovered DNA?
Credit for who first identified DNA is often mistakenly given to James Watson and Francis Crick, who just furthered Miescher’s discovery with their own groundbreaking research nearly 100 years later. Watson and Crick contributed largely to our understanding of DNA in terms of genetic inheritance, but much like Miescher, long before their work, others also made great advancements in and contributions to the field.
In 1866, before many significant discoveries and findings, Gregor Mendel was the first to suggest that characteristics are passed down from generation to generation. Mendel coined the terms as recessive and dominant.
In 1869, Friedrich Miescher identified the “nuclein” by isolating a molecule from a cell nucleus that would later become known as DNA.
In 1881, Nobel Prize winner and German biochemist Albrecht Kossel, who is credited with naming DNA, identified nuclein as a nucleic acid. He also isolated those five nitrogen bases that are now considered to be the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) and uracil (U) in case of RNA).
In 1882, Walther Fleming devoted research and time to cytology, which is the study of chromosomes. He discovered mitosis in 1882 when he was the first biologist to execute a wholly systematic study of the division of chromosomes. His observations that chromosomes double is significant to the later discovered theory of inheritance.
In Early 1900s, Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton were independently working on what’s now known as the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory, or the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Their findings are fundamental in our understanding of how chromosomes carry genetic material and pass it down from one generation to the next.
In 1902, Mendel’s theories were finally associated with a human disease by Sir Archibald Edward Garrod, who published the first findings from a study on recessive inheritance in human beings in 1902. Garrod opened the door for our understanding of genetic disorders resulting from errors in chemical pathways in the body.
In 1944, Oswald Avery first outlined DNA as the transforming principle, which essentially means that DNA transform cell properties.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
TESDA TM1 REVIEWER FOR NATIONAL ASSESSMENT WRITTEN AND ORAL QUESTIONS WITH A...
Nucleus
1. Nucleus and Its Structure
By
Mrs Sanchita Choubey
(M.Sc., PGDCR, Pursuing Ph. D)
Assistant Professor of Microbiology
Dr. D Y Patil Arts Commerce and Science College Pimpri, Pune
2. Basics of Nucleus
Nucleuswasdiscovered byan English biologist Robert
Brown in 1831.
It is the importantpartof thecell, exerting a
controlling influence on all cell activities.
It is usuallyspherical oroval structure mostly located
in the Centreof thecell.
Somesieve tubeof vascularplantsand the red blood
cellsof mammals lack nuclei at maturity.
3. Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane bound structure thatcontains
the cell's hereditary information and controls the cell's
growth and reproduction.
It is commonly the most prominentorganelle in thecell.
The nucleus is surrounded by a structure called the
nuclearenvelope.
4. This membrane separates the contents of the nucleus
from the cytoplasm. The cell's chromosomes are also
housed within the nucleus.
Chromosomes contain DNA which provides the genetic
information necessary for the production of other cell
components and for the reproduction of life.
5. Structure of the nucleus
Averagediameterof nucleus is 6 um, which occupies
around 10% of cell volume.
Nuclear Envelope
Nuclear Membrane
Nucleolus
Chromosomes
Nucleoplasm
6. Nuclear envelope
nuclearenvelope. The
double-layered membrane
enclosing the nucleus of a
eukaryoticcell.
The nuclearenvelope has
pores thatallow the passage
of materials into and out of
the nucleus. Also
called nuclear membrane.
7. A nuclear membrane, also known
as the nucleolemma or karyotheca,
is the phospho lipid
bilayer membrane which surrounds
the genetic material and nucleolus
in eukaryotic cells. The nuclear
membrane consists of two lipid
bilayers—the inner nuclear
membrane, and the outer nuclear
membrane.
Nuclear Membrane
8. Nucleolus
The nucleolus takes uparound 25% of thevolumeof
the nucleus. This structure is made upof proteinsand
ribonucleic acids (RNA). Its main function is to
rewrite ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and combine it with
proteins. This results in the formation of incomplete
ribosomes.
9. Chromosomes
The Function of Chromosomes. Chromosomes are
the thread-like structure found in the nuclei of both
animal and plant cells. They are made of protein and
one moleculeof deoxyribonucleicacid (DNA).
10. Nucleoplasm
Just like the cytoplasm found inside a cell, the nucleus
contains nucleoplasm, also known as karyoplasm.
The nucleoplasm is a type of protoplasm that is made up
mostly of water, a mixture of various molecules, and
dissolved ions.
It is completely enclosed within the nuclear membrane or
nuclear envelope.