NUCLEUS AND ITS STRUCTURE.pptx
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The nucleus is a double-membrane organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains genetic material. It has several key components: the nuclear membrane surrounds the nucleus, nucleolus forms around chromosomal regions for RNA and protein synthesis, nucleoplasm is the fluid inside the nucleus containing DNA, RNA, proteins and enzymes, and chromatin contains DNA and histone proteins that carry hereditary information. The nucleus controls cell activities and metabolic processes, stores genetic information, and synthesizes ribosomal proteins and RNA involved in protein production.
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Nucleus Ppt
The nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is the controlling center of the cell. It usually located in the center and contains the nucleolus, nucleoplasm, and chromatin material. The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nucleolus is rich in protein and RNA, and chromatin contains DNA which carries genetic information. The nucleus controls cell activities and metabolism by regulating enzyme synthesis.
Nucleus.doc
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cell functions and contains DNA. It is surrounded by a double membrane and contains chromatin, nucleoplasm, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleus controls gene expression and protein synthesis, regulates cell growth and division, and maintains hereditary material. It allows for the exchange of molecules with the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in its membrane. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and plays a key role in controlling cell activities and functions.
easylearningwithned.blogspot.com-What is Nucleus Explained its structure and...
The nucleus is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells and controls cell activity. It is surrounded by a double membrane and contains genetic material in the form of DNA. The nucleus has several structures including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and chromosomes which contain the genes. It performs essential functions like DNA synthesis and repair, gene regulation, and cell division.
Interphase nucleus of animal
The nucleus is a double-membrane bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material DNA. During interphase, the nucleus contains a network of chromatin fibers in the nucleoplasm. The chromatin fibers are made up of nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wound around histone proteins. The nucleolus and endosomes are also found in the nucleoplasm. The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm, and contains nuclear pores that allow for transport between the two compartments.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is surrounded by a double membrane nuclear envelope. It contains the cell's genetic material and coordinates various cellular activities such as protein synthesis, cell growth, and DNA replication and transcription. The nucleus contains chromatin, which packages the DNA, as well as nucleoli that produce ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a double-membrane bound structure that contains a cell's genetic material. It is located in the center of eukaryotic cells and houses DNA in the form of chromatin and chromosomes. The nucleus regulates gene expression and cellular metabolism. It contains nucleoplasm, nuclear pores, chromatin, and a nucleolus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis.
Nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls its metabolic and hereditary activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport. Inside the nucleus is nucleoplasm containing chromatin fibers that coil to form chromosomes during cell division. The nucleolus forms within the nucleus and is responsible for synthesizing ribosomes. The nucleus varies in shape, size, and number depending on the cell but is typically a single, spherical organelle located in the cell's center.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is the controlling center of the cell, usually located in the center. The nucleus contains the cell's hereditary information and controls growth and reproduction. It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope membrane and houses chromosomes, which contain DNA. The nucleus also contains a nucleolus that produces ribosomal RNA, chromosomes that carry DNA, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
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Nucleus Ppt
The nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is the controlling center of the cell. It usually located in the center and contains the nucleolus, nucleoplasm, and chromatin material. The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nucleolus is rich in protein and RNA, and chromatin contains DNA which carries genetic information. The nucleus controls cell activities and metabolism by regulating enzyme synthesis.
Nucleus.doc
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cell functions and contains DNA. It is surrounded by a double membrane and contains chromatin, nucleoplasm, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleus controls gene expression and protein synthesis, regulates cell growth and division, and maintains hereditary material. It allows for the exchange of molecules with the cytoplasm through nuclear pores in its membrane. The nucleus contains the cell's genetic material and plays a key role in controlling cell activities and functions.
easylearningwithned.blogspot.com-What is Nucleus Explained its structure and...
The nucleus is the largest organelle in eukaryotic cells and controls cell activity. It is surrounded by a double membrane and contains genetic material in the form of DNA. The nucleus has several structures including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and chromosomes which contain the genes. It performs essential functions like DNA synthesis and repair, gene regulation, and cell division.
Interphase nucleus of animal
The nucleus is a double-membrane bound structure in eukaryotic cells that contains the genetic material DNA. During interphase, the nucleus contains a network of chromatin fibers in the nucleoplasm. The chromatin fibers are made up of nucleosomes, which consist of DNA wound around histone proteins. The nucleolus and endosomes are also found in the nucleoplasm. The nuclear membrane separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm, and contains nuclear pores that allow for transport between the two compartments.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a spherical organelle found in eukaryotic cells that is surrounded by a double membrane nuclear envelope. It contains the cell's genetic material and coordinates various cellular activities such as protein synthesis, cell growth, and DNA replication and transcription. The nucleus contains chromatin, which packages the DNA, as well as nucleoli that produce ribosomes for protein synthesis.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a double-membrane bound structure that contains a cell's genetic material. It is located in the center of eukaryotic cells and houses DNA in the form of chromatin and chromosomes. The nucleus regulates gene expression and cellular metabolism. It contains nucleoplasm, nuclear pores, chromatin, and a nucleolus. The nucleolus produces ribosomes and is involved in protein synthesis.
Nucleus
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls its metabolic and hereditary activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport. Inside the nucleus is nucleoplasm containing chromatin fibers that coil to form chromosomes during cell division. The nucleolus forms within the nucleus and is responsible for synthesizing ribosomes. The nucleus varies in shape, size, and number depending on the cell but is typically a single, spherical organelle located in the cell's center.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is the controlling center of the cell, usually located in the center. The nucleus contains the cell's hereditary information and controls growth and reproduction. It is surrounded by a nuclear envelope membrane and houses chromosomes, which contain DNA. The nucleus also contains a nucleolus that produces ribosomal RNA, chromosomes that carry DNA, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is located at the center of most cells, where it controls cell activities and houses genetic material. The nucleus contains a double-layered nuclear envelope that encloses chromosomes, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm. Chromosomes contain DNA that provides genetic instructions, while the nucleolus produces ribosomes and the nucleoplasm is a liquid found within the nuclear envelope.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a double-membrane organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains most of the cell's genetic material. It has a spherical shape but can be other shapes depending on the cell. The nucleus contains chromatin with DNA, nucleolus, and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. It acts as the control center of the cell by transmitting genetic information for protein synthesis, cell division, growth and differentiation.
Nucleus.pptx
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material. It maintains the integrity of genes and controls cell activities through regulating gene expression. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin fibers containing DNA and histones are organized into chromosomes inside the nucleus. The nucleolus is a dense structure where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Nucleus1
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls metabolic and genetic activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus contains DNA, RNA, proteins, and enzymes. It varies in shape and size depending on the cell but is usually located in the center. The nucleus has an outer and inner membrane, nuclear lamina, nucleoplasm, chromatin fibers, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates transport through nuclear pores.
Cell neucles
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains the cell's genetic material. It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope that separates the genetic material from the cytoplasm. The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls cell activities through regulating gene expression. It also contains the nucleolus, which is not surrounded by a membrane and is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's chromosomes and controls cell growth and reproduction. It contains the cell's hereditary material and is usually located in the center of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Within the nucleus are chromosomes containing DNA, the nucleolus which produces ribosomes, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEUS OF A CELL.pptx
The nucleus is the part of a cell that contains DNA organized into chromosomes and is located in the middle of the cell. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, which is a double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores, which are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus.
The Cell: The Histology Guide
Nucleus - The Cell: The Histology Guide - University of Leeds
The nucleus is found in the middle of the cells, and it contains DNA arranged in chromosomes. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, a double nuclear membrane (outer and inner), which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
open.baypath.edu
Nucleus – BIO109 Biology I Introduction to Biology
The boundary of the nucleus, called the nuclear envelope, is a double membrane that contains small openings called nuclear pores. These pores are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus, enabling it to communicate with the rest of the cell.
The nucleus has three main parts:
Nuclear membrane: A protective barrier of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm: The cytoplasm of the nucleus, which is a semifluid matrix that contains chromatin, the less condensed form of DNA that organizes into chromosomes during mitosis or cell division
Nucleolus: A spherical structure that produces and assembles the cell's ribosomes
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell, such as growth and metabolism.
What are the 4 types of nucleus?
What are the 3 parts of a nucleus?
How many nuclei are in a cell?
Ask a follow up
Nucleus-the heart of the cell-cellular organelles
In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
The nucleus is found in all the eukaryotic cells of the plants and animals.
here u will find every detail of nucleus.
for more details ,visit @biOlOgy BINGE-insight learning (youtube channel)
Physiology presentation cell nucleus
A short ppt presentation about the cell Nucleus.Made from Powerpoint 10
PS:(I've edited my name out of the slide)
Nucleus
Discovery of nucleus
Evolution of nucleus
Structure of nucleus
Function of nucleus
Diseases related with nucleus
The nucleus was the first organelle to be discovered.
The probably oldest preserved drawing dates back to the early microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632 – 1723). He observed a "Lumen", the nucleus, in the red blood cells of salmon.
The nucleus was also described in 1831 by Scottish botanist Robert Brown.
Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the areola or nucleus, in the cells of the flower's outer layer. He did not suggest a potential function.
The cell nucleus is a membrane bound structure that:-
Contains the cell's hereditary information
Controls the cell's growth and reproduction
Direct the other components of cell through protein regulation
Make Proteins through central dogma of cell
DNA mRNA Protein
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy
Mutations in nuclear lamins associated with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a neuromuscular degenerative condition with an associated dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac conduction defect.
It can be inherited in either an X-linked or autosomal manner by mutations in the nuclear proteins emerin and lamin A/C, respectively.
Traditionally muscular dystrophies were associated with defects in sarcolemma-associated proteins and, therefore, a nuclear connection suggested the existence of novel signalling pathways associated with this group of diseases.
Subsequently, other mutations in the lamin A/C gene were attributed to a range of tissue-specific degenerative conditions, collectively known as the 'laminopathies’.
Nucleus sivaraj
The document provides information about the nucleus and its components. It discusses that the nucleus is a prominent organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cellular activity. It describes the various structures of the nucleus including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear pores. The nuclear envelope forms the boundary of the nucleus and contains nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin and the nucleolus are also described along with their roles in packaging DNA and synthesizing RNA, respectively.
Mol bio script 1 (2) (4).pdf
This document provides information about molecular biology concepts including:
- The structure and function of eukaryotic cells including organelles like the nucleus, nucleolus, and mitochondria.
- The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- DNA structure, replication, and the role of DNA and RNA in cells.
- Other genetic elements like viruses, viroids and prions.
Cell nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that stores the cell's DNA and coordinates its activities. It contains chromatin, which packages DNA and proteins, the nucleolus for ribosome assembly, and a nuclear envelope consisting of two membranes separated by a perinuclear space. Chromatin exists in two forms - euchromatin which is loosely packed for gene expression, and heterochromatin which is tightly packed. The nucleus controls heredity and protein synthesis.
Structure of Nucleus 1.pptx
The document summarizes key components and structures of the cell nucleus. It describes the nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear matrix. The nuclear envelope is a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport. Underlying the inner nuclear membrane is the nuclear lamina providing structural support. The nucleolus is the site of ribosome biogenesis where rRNA is transcribed and assembled into ribosomal subunits. Chromatin and the nuclear matrix provide organization to the genetic material within the nucleoplasm.
Nucleus & Endoplasmic reticulum
The document is a presentation on the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. It begins with background on the discovery of the nucleus by Leeuwenhoek and others. It then defines the nucleus as the control center of the cell that contains most of the cell's genetic material. It describes the main characteristics, size, shape, and ultrastructure of the nucleus, including the nuclear envelope, pores, lamina, chromosomes, nucleolus, and other components. It also summarizes the functions of the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum, who discovered the ER, its definition, structure including cisternae, tubules and vesicles, types (rough and smooth ER), and functions in protein transport and synthesis.
DNA and its DISCOVERY.pdf
DNA
its Discovery
Who Discovered DNA?
Credit for who first identified DNA is often mistakenly given to James Watson and Francis Crick, who just furthered Miescher’s discovery with their own groundbreaking research nearly 100 years later. Watson and Crick contributed largely to our understanding of DNA in terms of genetic inheritance, but much like Miescher, long before their work, others also made great advancements in and contributions to the field.
In 1866, before many significant discoveries and findings, Gregor Mendel was the first to suggest that characteristics are passed down from generation to generation. Mendel coined the terms as recessive and dominant.
In 1869, Friedrich Miescher identified the “nuclein” by isolating a molecule from a cell nucleus that would later become known as DNA.
In 1881, Nobel Prize winner and German biochemist Albrecht Kossel, who is credited with naming DNA, identified nuclein as a nucleic acid. He also isolated those five nitrogen bases that are now considered to be the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) and uracil (U) in case of RNA).
In 1882, Walther Fleming devoted research and time to cytology, which is the study of chromosomes. He discovered mitosis in 1882 when he was the first biologist to execute a wholly systematic study of the division of chromosomes. His observations that chromosomes double is significant to the later discovered theory of inheritance.
In Early 1900s, Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton were independently working on what’s now known as the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory, or the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Their findings are fundamental in our understanding of how chromosomes carry genetic material and pass it down from one generation to the next.
In 1902, Mendel’s theories were finally associated with a human disease by Sir Archibald Edward Garrod, who published the first findings from a study on recessive inheritance in human beings in 1902. Garrod opened the door for our understanding of genetic disorders resulting from errors in chemical pathways in the body.
In 1944, Oswald Avery first outlined DNA as the transforming principle, which essentially means that DNA transform cell properties.
Cell and its function
The document discusses various cell organelles and their functions. It describes that the cell nucleus contains the genetic material and controls the cell. The nucleus houses the nucleolus. Other organelles discussed include the endoplasmic reticulum, which transports proteins; ribosomes, which synthesize proteins; the Golgi apparatus, which processes and packages substances; lysosomes, which digest unwanted material; mitochondria, which produce energy; and their discoverers. Fun facts are provided about DNA, the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria.
Nucleus
The document discusses the cell nucleus and its components. Key points include:
- The nucleus contains DNA and directs cell functions and protein production through transcription and RNA processing.
- It is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
- The nucleus contains chromatin (DNA and proteins) and the nucleolus, which is the site of ribosomal RNA transcription and ribosome assembly.
- DNA replication and cell division are regulated by the nucleus.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a large membrane-bound organelle found at the center of eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It directs the cell's activities and is involved in cellular reproduction. Key features include being visible under a light microscope due to its acidic nature, containing DNA, RNA, and the nucleolus which produces ribosomes. The nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus and contains pores that regulate material passing in and out.
Cellular organelles nucleus, mitochondria & plastids
The document discusses cellular organelles, focusing on the nucleus and mitochondria. It provides detailed information on the structure and functions of the nucleus, including that it is bounded by a double membrane and contains genetic material. It also describes the inner structures of the nucleus like the nucleolus and nuclear pores. Additionally, it discusses how the nucleus changes during cell division. For mitochondria, it notes that they are the powerhouses of the cell, generating energy through cellular respiration and having an inner membrane with folds called cristae to enhance this process.
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
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Nucleus Structure
The document discusses the key components and structure of the nucleus. It notes that the nucleus was discovered in 1831 and is located at the center of most cells, where it controls cell activities and houses genetic material. The nucleus contains a double-layered nuclear envelope that encloses chromosomes, nucleolus, and nucleoplasm. Chromosomes contain DNA that provides genetic instructions, while the nucleolus produces ribosomes and the nucleoplasm is a liquid found within the nuclear envelope.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a double-membrane organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains most of the cell's genetic material. It has a spherical shape but can be other shapes depending on the cell. The nucleus contains chromatin with DNA, nucleolus, and is surrounded by a nuclear envelope. It acts as the control center of the cell by transmitting genetic information for protein synthesis, cell division, growth and differentiation.
Nucleus.pptx
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material. It maintains the integrity of genes and controls cell activities through regulating gene expression. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin fibers containing DNA and histones are organized into chromosomes inside the nucleus. The nucleolus is a dense structure where ribosomal RNA is synthesized.
Nucleus1
The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains DNA and controls metabolic and genetic activities. It is enclosed by a double nuclear membrane with nuclear pores that allow transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. The nucleus contains DNA, RNA, proteins, and enzymes. It varies in shape and size depending on the cell but is usually located in the center. The nucleus has an outer and inner membrane, nuclear lamina, nucleoplasm, chromatin fibers, and one or more nucleoli. The nucleolus synthesizes ribosomes. The nuclear envelope separates the nucleoplasm from the cytoplasm and regulates transport through nuclear pores.
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The nucleus is the control center of the cell that contains the cell's genetic material. It is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope that separates the genetic material from the cytoplasm. The nucleus maintains the integrity of genes and controls cell activities through regulating gene expression. It also contains the nucleolus, which is not surrounded by a membrane and is the site of ribosomal RNA synthesis and ribosome assembly.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle that houses the cell's chromosomes and controls cell growth and reproduction. It contains the cell's hereditary material and is usually located in the center of the cell. The nucleus is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Within the nucleus are chromosomes containing DNA, the nucleolus which produces ribosomes, and nucleoplasm similar to cytoplasm.
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTIONS OF NUCLEUS OF A CELL.pptx
The nucleus is the part of a cell that contains DNA organized into chromosomes and is located in the middle of the cell. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, which is a double membrane that separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The nuclear envelope contains nuclear pores, which are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus.
The Cell: The Histology Guide
Nucleus - The Cell: The Histology Guide - University of Leeds
The nucleus is found in the middle of the cells, and it contains DNA arranged in chromosomes. It is surrounded by the nuclear envelope, a double nuclear membrane (outer and inner), which separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. The outer membrane is continuous with the rough endoplasmic reticulum.
open.baypath.edu
Nucleus – BIO109 Biology I Introduction to Biology
The boundary of the nucleus, called the nuclear envelope, is a double membrane that contains small openings called nuclear pores. These pores are gateways that allow molecules to move into and out of the nucleus, enabling it to communicate with the rest of the cell.
The nucleus has three main parts:
Nuclear membrane: A protective barrier of the nucleus
Nucleoplasm: The cytoplasm of the nucleus, which is a semifluid matrix that contains chromatin, the less condensed form of DNA that organizes into chromosomes during mitosis or cell division
Nucleolus: A spherical structure that produces and assembles the cell's ribosomes
The nucleus controls and regulates the activities of the cell, such as growth and metabolism.
What are the 4 types of nucleus?
What are the 3 parts of a nucleus?
How many nuclei are in a cell?
Ask a follow up
Nucleus-the heart of the cell-cellular organelles
In cell biology, the nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
The nucleus is found in all the eukaryotic cells of the plants and animals.
here u will find every detail of nucleus.
for more details ,visit @biOlOgy BINGE-insight learning (youtube channel)
Physiology presentation cell nucleus
A short ppt presentation about the cell Nucleus.Made from Powerpoint 10
PS:(I've edited my name out of the slide)
Nucleus
Discovery of nucleus
Evolution of nucleus
Structure of nucleus
Function of nucleus
Diseases related with nucleus
The nucleus was the first organelle to be discovered.
The probably oldest preserved drawing dates back to the early microscopist Antonie van Leeuwenhoek (1632 – 1723). He observed a "Lumen", the nucleus, in the red blood cells of salmon.
The nucleus was also described in 1831 by Scottish botanist Robert Brown.
Brown was studying orchids under microscope when he observed an opaque area, which he called the areola or nucleus, in the cells of the flower's outer layer. He did not suggest a potential function.
The cell nucleus is a membrane bound structure that:-
Contains the cell's hereditary information
Controls the cell's growth and reproduction
Direct the other components of cell through protein regulation
Make Proteins through central dogma of cell
DNA mRNA Protein
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy
Mutations in nuclear lamins associated with Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy.
Emery-Dreifuss muscular dystrophy (EDMD) is a neuromuscular degenerative condition with an associated dilated cardiomyopathy and cardiac conduction defect.
It can be inherited in either an X-linked or autosomal manner by mutations in the nuclear proteins emerin and lamin A/C, respectively.
Traditionally muscular dystrophies were associated with defects in sarcolemma-associated proteins and, therefore, a nuclear connection suggested the existence of novel signalling pathways associated with this group of diseases.
Subsequently, other mutations in the lamin A/C gene were attributed to a range of tissue-specific degenerative conditions, collectively known as the 'laminopathies’.
Nucleus sivaraj
The document provides information about the nucleus and its components. It discusses that the nucleus is a prominent organelle found in eukaryotic cells that controls cellular activity. It describes the various structures of the nucleus including the nuclear envelope, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear pores. The nuclear envelope forms the boundary of the nucleus and contains nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm. Chromatin and the nucleolus are also described along with their roles in packaging DNA and synthesizing RNA, respectively.
Mol bio script 1 (2) (4).pdf
This document provides information about molecular biology concepts including:
- The structure and function of eukaryotic cells including organelles like the nucleus, nucleolus, and mitochondria.
- The differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
- DNA structure, replication, and the role of DNA and RNA in cells.
- Other genetic elements like viruses, viroids and prions.
Cell nucleus
The nucleus is a membrane-bound organelle found in eukaryotic cells that stores the cell's DNA and coordinates its activities. It contains chromatin, which packages DNA and proteins, the nucleolus for ribosome assembly, and a nuclear envelope consisting of two membranes separated by a perinuclear space. Chromatin exists in two forms - euchromatin which is loosely packed for gene expression, and heterochromatin which is tightly packed. The nucleus controls heredity and protein synthesis.
Structure of Nucleus 1.pptx
The document summarizes key components and structures of the cell nucleus. It describes the nuclear envelope, nuclear pores, nucleolus, chromatin, and nuclear matrix. The nuclear envelope is a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport. Underlying the inner nuclear membrane is the nuclear lamina providing structural support. The nucleolus is the site of ribosome biogenesis where rRNA is transcribed and assembled into ribosomal subunits. Chromatin and the nuclear matrix provide organization to the genetic material within the nucleoplasm.
Nucleus & Endoplasmic reticulum
The document is a presentation on the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum. It begins with background on the discovery of the nucleus by Leeuwenhoek and others. It then defines the nucleus as the control center of the cell that contains most of the cell's genetic material. It describes the main characteristics, size, shape, and ultrastructure of the nucleus, including the nuclear envelope, pores, lamina, chromosomes, nucleolus, and other components. It also summarizes the functions of the nucleus and endoplasmic reticulum, who discovered the ER, its definition, structure including cisternae, tubules and vesicles, types (rough and smooth ER), and functions in protein transport and synthesis.
DNA and its DISCOVERY.pdf
DNA
its Discovery
Who Discovered DNA?
Credit for who first identified DNA is often mistakenly given to James Watson and Francis Crick, who just furthered Miescher’s discovery with their own groundbreaking research nearly 100 years later. Watson and Crick contributed largely to our understanding of DNA in terms of genetic inheritance, but much like Miescher, long before their work, others also made great advancements in and contributions to the field.
In 1866, before many significant discoveries and findings, Gregor Mendel was the first to suggest that characteristics are passed down from generation to generation. Mendel coined the terms as recessive and dominant.
In 1869, Friedrich Miescher identified the “nuclein” by isolating a molecule from a cell nucleus that would later become known as DNA.
In 1881, Nobel Prize winner and German biochemist Albrecht Kossel, who is credited with naming DNA, identified nuclein as a nucleic acid. He also isolated those five nitrogen bases that are now considered to be the basic building blocks of DNA and RNA: adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), thymine (T) and uracil (U) in case of RNA).
In 1882, Walther Fleming devoted research and time to cytology, which is the study of chromosomes. He discovered mitosis in 1882 when he was the first biologist to execute a wholly systematic study of the division of chromosomes. His observations that chromosomes double is significant to the later discovered theory of inheritance.
In Early 1900s, Theodor Boveri and Walter Sutton were independently working on what’s now known as the Boveri-Sutton chromosome theory, or the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Their findings are fundamental in our understanding of how chromosomes carry genetic material and pass it down from one generation to the next.
In 1902, Mendel’s theories were finally associated with a human disease by Sir Archibald Edward Garrod, who published the first findings from a study on recessive inheritance in human beings in 1902. Garrod opened the door for our understanding of genetic disorders resulting from errors in chemical pathways in the body.
In 1944, Oswald Avery first outlined DNA as the transforming principle, which essentially means that DNA transform cell properties.
Cell and its function
The document discusses various cell organelles and their functions. It describes that the cell nucleus contains the genetic material and controls the cell. The nucleus houses the nucleolus. Other organelles discussed include the endoplasmic reticulum, which transports proteins; ribosomes, which synthesize proteins; the Golgi apparatus, which processes and packages substances; lysosomes, which digest unwanted material; mitochondria, which produce energy; and their discoverers. Fun facts are provided about DNA, the nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and mitochondria.
Nucleus
The document discusses the cell nucleus and its components. Key points include:
- The nucleus contains DNA and directs cell functions and protein production through transcription and RNA processing.
- It is surrounded by a double membrane with nuclear pores that regulate transport between the nucleus and cytoplasm.
- The nucleus contains chromatin (DNA and proteins) and the nucleolus, which is the site of ribosomal RNA transcription and ribosome assembly.
- DNA replication and cell division are regulated by the nucleus.
Nucleus
The nucleus is a large membrane-bound organelle found at the center of eukaryotic cells that contains the cell's genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It directs the cell's activities and is involved in cellular reproduction. Key features include being visible under a light microscope due to its acidic nature, containing DNA, RNA, and the nucleolus which produces ribosomes. The nuclear envelope encloses the nucleus and contains pores that regulate material passing in and out.
Cellular organelles nucleus, mitochondria & plastids
The document discusses cellular organelles, focusing on the nucleus and mitochondria. It provides detailed information on the structure and functions of the nucleus, including that it is bounded by a double membrane and contains genetic material. It also describes the inner structures of the nucleus like the nucleolus and nuclear pores. Additionally, it discusses how the nucleus changes during cell division. For mitochondria, it notes that they are the powerhouses of the cell, generating energy through cellular respiration and having an inner membrane with folds called cristae to enhance this process.
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Cellular organelles nucleus, mitochondria & plastids
Cellular organelles nucleus, mitochondria & plastids
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
By harnessing the power of High Flux Vacuum Membrane Distillation, Travis Hills from MN envisions a future where clean and safe drinking water is accessible to all, regardless of geographical location or economic status.
Micronuclei test.M.sc.zoology.fisheries.
Current Ms word generated power point presentation covers major details about the micronuclei test. It's significance and assays to conduct it. It is used to detect the micronuclei formation inside the cells of nearly every multicellular organism. It's formation takes place during chromosomal sepration at metaphase.
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
With increasing population, people need to rely on packaged food stuffs. Packaging of food materials requires the preservation of food. There are various methods for the treatment of food to preserve them and irradiation treatment of food is one of them. It is the most common and the most harmless method for the food preservation as it does not alter the necessary micronutrients of food materials. Although irradiated food doesn’t cause any harm to the human health but still the quality assessment of food is required to provide consumers with necessary information about the food. ESR spectroscopy is the most sophisticated way to investigate the quality of the food and the free radicals induced during the processing of the food. ESR spin trapping technique is useful for the detection of highly unstable radicals in the food. The antioxidant capability of liquid food and beverages in mainly performed by spin trapping technique.
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Isolation of pure culture, its various method.
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Thematic analysis in qualitative research is a time-consuming and systematic task, typically done using teams. Team members must ground their activities on common understandings of the major concepts underlying the thematic analysis, and define criteria for its development. However, conceptual misunderstandings, equivocations, and lack of adherence to criteria are challenges to the quality and speed of this process. Given the distributed and uncertain nature of this process, we wondered if the tasks in thematic analysis could be supported by readily available artificial intelligence chatbots. Our early efforts point to potential benefits: not just saving time in the coding process but better adherence to criteria and grounding, by increasing triangulation between humans and artificial intelligence. This tutorial will provide a description and demonstration of the process we followed, as two academic researchers, to develop a custom ChatGPT to assist with qualitative coding in the thematic data analysis process of immersive learning accounts in a survey of the academic literature: QUAL-E Immersive Learning Thematic Analysis Helper. In the hands-on time, participants will try out QUAL-E and develop their ideas for their own qualitative coding ChatGPT. Participants that have the paid ChatGPT Plus subscription can create a draft of their assistants. The organizers will provide course materials and slide deck that participants will be able to utilize to continue development of their custom GPT. The paid subscription to ChatGPT Plus is not required to participate in this workshop, just for trying out personal GPTs during it.
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The Milky Way’s (MW) inner stellar halo contains an [Fe/H]-rich component with highly eccentric orbits, often referred to as the
‘last major merger.’ Hypotheses for the origin of this component include Gaia-Sausage/Enceladus (GSE), where the progenitor
collided with the MW proto-disc 8–11 Gyr ago, and the Virgo Radial Merger (VRM), where the progenitor collided with the
MW disc within the last 3 Gyr. These two scenarios make different predictions about observable structure in local phase space,
because the morphology of debris depends on how long it has had to phase mix. The recently identified phase-space folds in Gaia
DR3 have positive caustic velocities, making them fundamentally different than the phase-mixed chevrons found in simulations
at late times. Roughly 20 per cent of the stars in the prograde local stellar halo are associated with the observed caustics. Based
on a simple phase-mixing model, the observed number of caustics are consistent with a merger that occurred 1–2 Gyr ago.
We also compare the observed phase-space distribution to FIRE-2 Latte simulations of GSE-like mergers, using a quantitative
measurement of phase mixing (2D causticality). The observed local phase-space distribution best matches the simulated data
1–2 Gyr after collision, and certainly not later than 3 Gyr. This is further evidence that the progenitor of the ‘last major merger’
did not collide with the MW proto-disc at early times, as is thought for the GSE, but instead collided with the MW disc within
the last few Gyr, consistent with the body of work surrounding the VRM.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
This is a short talk that I gave at the Banff International Research Station workshop on Modeling and Theory in Population Biology. The idea is to try to understand how the burden of natural selection relates to the amount of information that selection puts into the genome.
It's based on the first part of this research paper:
The cost of information acquisition by natural selection
Ryan Seamus McGee, Olivia Kosterlitz, Artem Kaznatcheev, Benjamin Kerr, Carl T. Bergstrom
bioRxiv 2022.07.02.498577; doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.07.02.498577
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
When I was asked to give a companion lecture in support of ‘The Philosophy of Science’ (https://shorturl.at/4pUXz) I decided not to walk through the detail of the many methodologies in order of use. Instead, I chose to employ a long standing, and ongoing, scientific development as an exemplar. And so, I chose the ever evolving story of Thermodynamics as a scientific investigation at its best.
Conducted over a period of >200 years, Thermodynamics R&D, and application, benefitted from the highest levels of professionalism, collaboration, and technical thoroughness. New layers of application, methodology, and practice were made possible by the progressive advance of technology. In turn, this has seen measurement and modelling accuracy continually improved at a micro and macro level.
Perhaps most importantly, Thermodynamics rapidly became a primary tool in the advance of applied science/engineering/technology, spanning micro-tech, to aerospace and cosmology. I can think of no better a story to illustrate the breadth of scientific methodologies and applications at their best.
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Insectsplayamajorroleinthedeteriorationoffoodgrainscausingbothquantitativeandqualitativelosses
Wellprovedthatnogranariescanbefilledwithgrainswithoutinsectsastheharvestedproducecontainegg(or)larvae(or)pupae(or)adultinsectinthembecauseoffieldcarryoverinfestationwhichcannotbeavoidedindevelopingcountrieslikeIndia
Simpletechnologiesfortimelydetectionofinsectsinthestoredproduceandtherebyplantimelycontrolmeasures
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
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Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
Travis Hills of MN is Making Clean Water Accessible to All Through High Flux ...
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
ESR spectroscopy in liquid food and beverages.pptx
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
8.Isolation of pure cultures and preservation of cultures.pdf
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Authoring a personal GPT for your research and practice: How we created the Q...
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
The debris of the ‘last major merger’ is dynamically young
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
Juaristi, Jon. - El canon espanol. El legado de la cultura española a la civi...
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Basics of crystallography, crystal systems, classes and different forms
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
The cost of acquiring information by natural selection
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Applied Science: Thermodynamics, Laws & Methodology.pdf
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
Gadgets for management of stored product pests_Dr.UPR.pdf
NUCLEUS AND ITS STRUCTURE.pptx
- 1. NUCLEUS AND ITS STRUCTURE Presented By - Mr. Amit S . Olambe
- 2. Introduction 1 Presentation Overview Components of Nucleus 3 Structure of Nucleus 2 Function of Nucleus 4
- 3. INTRODUCTION A Nucleus is defined as a double-membrane eukaryotic cell organelles that contain genetic material. It is most important organelles of a eukaryotic cell that control over all cell activities. Robert Brown (1833) Discovered Nucleus. Nucleus is found in almost all cells except mature red blood cells of mammals. Shape of Nucleus is normally releted with shape of the cell. It is usually spherical or oval shape mostly located in the centre of cell. The average size is about 5-7 u. Most cell have a single Nucleus they are said to be mononucleate, cell having two nuclei are called Binucleate cells.
- 5. Nuclear Membrane 1 Components of Nucleus Nucleoplasm 3 Nucleolus 2 Chromatin Material 4
- 7. Nucleolus The nucleolus is the distinct structure present in the nucleus of eukaryotic cell. It is composed of RNA & proteins which form around specific chromosomal region It is one of the main components of the Nucleus. The size of the nucleolus is releted with synthetic activity of the cell.
- 8. Nucleoplasm It is the jelly like fluid present inside the nucleus. It is transparent, semi-solid , granular & slightly acidophilic. It is mainly composed of Nucleoprotein but also contain various inorganic and organic substances. It shows presence of following molecules a) Nucleic acid- DNA & RNA b) Protein c) Enzymes d) Lipids & Minerals
- 9. Chromatin Material It is mainly made up of DNA and histone protein. It can be stained with basic dyes such as basic fuchsin. Its main function is to carry hereditary information from one generation to another generation. The chromatin was discovered by Walther Flemming in 1878. There are two types of chromatin 1. Euchromatin- The chromatin that remains dispersed and stains lightly during interphase is called Euchromatin. It contains transcriptionally active DNA 2. Heterochromatin- The chromatin that remains tightly coiled during interphase is called heterochromatin. It stains deeply and it is transcriptionally inactive.
- 10. Function of Nucleus 1. Nucleus controls metabolic activities in the cell. 2. Nucleus acts as a store House of the cells genome and is the chief controlling centre of the cell. 3. Synthesis and regulations of activities of enzymes are controlled by the nucleus. 4. Stores genetic information (DNA & RNA) 5. Both the subunits of ribosome are synthesized in nucleus. 6. Has a vital role in protein synthesis (Ribosomal Protein) 7. t-RNA and m-RNA are transcribed from DNA present in the nucleus.
- 11. THANK YOU