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Nitrogen cycle - Honors only 2.04
- 1.
- 2. 1. What isnitrogen?
- 3. 1. Nitrogen isa non-metal, gaseous element.
- 4. 2. Where isnitrogen found in the environment?
- 5. 2. The largestsingle source of nitrogen is in the atmosphere. Nitrogen makes up 78% of our air!
- 6. 3. What happensto atmospheric nitrogen (N2) in the nitrogen cycle? N N N N N N
- 7. 3. Atmospheric nitrogenis converted to ammonia or nitrates. N N Atmospheric Nitrogen (N2) N Ammonia (NH3) N Nitrates (NO3)
- 8. N N 4. Why does atmosphericnitrogen need to be converted? N N N N
- 9. 5. Nitrogen isan essential component of DNA, RNA, and proteins—the building blocks of life. Although the majority of the air we breathe is nitrogen, most living organisms are unable to use nitrogen as it exists in the atmosphere!
- 10. 6. How does atmospheric nitrogenget changed into a form that can be used by most living organisms? N N
- 11. 6. By travelingthrough one of the four processes in the Nitrogen Cycle! (A) Nitrogen Fixation (D) Denitrification Nitrogen Cycle (C) Nitrification (B) Ammonification
- 12. The first processin the nitrogen cycle is… Nitrogen Fixation! (1) Nitrogen Fixation Nitrogen Cycle
- 13. 7. What is “nitrogenfixation” and what does it mean to say nitrogen gets “fixed”? N N
- 14. 7. “Nitrogen Fixation”is when the nitrogen gets “fixed” and combines with oxygen or hydrogen. Hydrogen Oxygen N N Hydrogen N N Oxygen N N
- 15. There are threeways that nitrogen gets “fixed”! (a) Atmospheric Fixation (b) Industrial Fixation (c) Biological Fixation Bacteria
- 16. Lightning “fixes” Nitrogen! (A)AtmosphericFixation (Only 5 to 8% of the Fixation Process) Lightning breaks nitrogen molecules apart and combines with oxygen forming nitrogen oxides (N2O). Nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain, forming nitrates. Nitrates (NO3) are carried to the ground with the rain. N N O Nitrogen combines with Oxygen Nitrogen oxides forms (N2O) (NO3) Nitrogen oxides dissolve in rain and change to nitrates Plants use nitrates to grow!
- 17. NN (B) Industrial Fixation Undergreat pressure, at a temperature of 600 degrees Celcius, and with the use of a catalyst, atmospheric nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen are combined to form ammonia (NH3). Ammonia can be used as a fertilizer. N H H3 Industrial Plant combines nitrogen and hydrogen (NH3) Ammonia is formed Ammonia is used a fertilizer in soil
- 18. ( C) BiologicalFixation (where MOST nitrogen fixing is completed) There are two types of “Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria” Free Living Bacteria (“fixes” 30% of N2) Symbiotic Relationship Bacteria (“fixes” 70% of N2)
- 19. Most atmospheric nitrogen (N2)is “fixed” and changed to ammonia (NH3). Ammonia is highly toxic to many organisms. Can plants use ammonia?
- 20. Very few plantscan use ammonia (NH3)… (1) Nitrogen Fixation (2) Ammonification …but, fortunately the second process Ammonification can help!
- 21.
- 22. 8. Ammonification: Bacteriadecomposers break down amino acids from dead animals and wastes into nitrogen ammonium. Bacteria decomposers break down amino acids into ammonium
- 23.
- 24. 9. Because plantscannot use the organic forms of nitrogen that are in the soil as a result of: (1) wastes (manure and sewage) (2) compost and decomposing roots and leaves
- 25.
- 26. 10. Microorganisms convertthe organic nitrogen to ammonium. The ammonium is either taken up by the plants (only in a few types of plants) or is absorbed into the soil particles. Ammonium (NH4) in the soil is stored up to later be changed into inorganic nitrogen, the kind of nitrogen that most plants can use. Bacteria converts organic nitrogen to ammonium (NH4) Ammonium (NH4) is used by some plants Bacteria Ammonium (NH4) is stored in soil.
- 27. What happens to ammonium(NH4) stored in the soil?
- 28. 11. It travelsthrough the third process of the nitrogen cycle called Nitrification! (1) Nitrogen Fixation (3) Nitrification (2) Ammonification
- 29. 11. Nitrifying bacteriain the ground first combine ammonia with oxygen to form nitrites. Then another group of nitrifying bacteria convert nitrites to nitrates which green plants can absorb and use! Nitrifying bacteria in soil combine ammonia with oxygen Ammonia changes to nitrites Nitrifying bacteria in soil convert nitrites to nitrates Ammonia Nitrites Nitrates (NH3) (NO2) (NO3) Plants absorb nitrates and grow!
- 30. 12. How does nitrogen reenterthe atmosphere in the nitrogen cycle?
- 31. 12. Through thefourth process called denitrification! (4) Denitrification (3) Ammonification (1) Nitrogen Fixation (2) Nitrification
- 32.
- 33. 13. Denitrification convertsnitrates (NO3) in the soil to atmospheric nitrogen (N2) replenishing the atmosphere. Nitrogen in atmosphere (N2) Nitrates (NO3) in Soil
- 34. Other ways thatnitrogen returns to the atmosphere… Emissions from industrial combustion and gasoline engines create nitrous oxides gas (N2O). Volcano eruptions emit nitrous oxides gas (N2O).
- 35. Can you fillin the following diagram with the parts of the nitrogen cycle? Word bank: denitrification, nitrification, nitrogen fixation, ammonification
- 36. (a) (b) N2 N2 O (4) _____________ (1)_____________ (c) Nitrogen Cycle (3) ____________ NO3 Ammonia is converted to nitrites and nitrates. (2) _____________ NH3 Nitrates in Soil Organic nitrogen is converted to ammonium.
- 37. (a) (b) N2 N2 O (4) Denitrification (1)Nitrogen Fixation (c) Nitrogen Cycle (3) Nitrification (2) Ammonification NO3 Ammonia is converted to nitrites and nitrates. NH3 Nitrates in Soil Organic nitrogen is converted to ammonium.