This document discusses magnetic levitation trains (Maglev trains). It describes two main types of Maglev trains: electromagnetic suspension (EMS) and electrodynamic suspension (EDS). EMS uses electromagnets to attract the train to the track for levitation and propulsion, while EDS uses superconducting magnets and repulsion for levitation. The document outlines the basic principles, pros and cons of each system and concludes that Maglev trains offer a more efficient transportation alternative with advantages like very high speeds and less environmental impact.

1. Mandip Kumar Rana
Regd No.123456789
7th Semester
NALANDA INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (NIT)
Mr.Manas Kumar Samantaray
(Deptt. of Mechanical.Engg.)

2.  Introduction
 Magnetic Levitation
Basic Principle of Maglev Trains
Types of Maglev Trains
 Details About EMS in MAGLEV.
 Pros and Cons of EMS.
 Details About EDS in MAGLEV.
Pros and Cons of EDS.
Advantage and Disadv Maglev Levitation Train.
Conclusion
A Video Clip of “How The Maglev Train works”
References

3. MAGLEV=MAGNETIC +
LEVITATION.
Any thing which may levitate(raise or float)
by means of a magnetic power is simply called as
magnetic levitation.
The term ‘MAGLEV’ can be briefly explained by
using an example of ‘MAGLEV LEVITATION
TRAINS’.

4. Magnetic Levitation
Magnetic levitation is the use of magnetic
fields to levitate a metallic object.
Manipulating magnetic fields and
controlling their forces can levitate an
object.
Using either Ferromagnetism or
Diamagnetism object can be levitated.

5. Basic Principle of Maglev Trains
Maglev trains have to perform the following functions
to operate in high speeds
1.Levitation 2.Propulsion 3.Lateral
Guidance

6. Types of Maglev
Trains
Based on the technique used for Levitation
there are basically two types of Maglev trains:-
1. Electromagnetic Suspension -Attractive
2. Electrodynamics Suspension -Repulsive

7. EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension)
In electromagnetic suspension
electromagnets are use to levitate the train.

8. Principle of Magnetic Levitation in EMS
In the EMS-attractive system,
 The electromagnets which do the work of
levitation are attached on the top side of a
casing .
when a current is passed through it, the
electromagnet switched on, and there is
attraction between electromagnets and due to
attraction train levitates.

9. Principle of Propulsion in EMS
A Linear Electric Motor (LEM) is a mechanism,
which converts electrical energy directly into
linear motion without employing any major
rotary components.
Linear Induction Motor (LIM) is basically
produces linear force from a flat one, Instead of
producing rotary torque from a cylindrical
machine.
In LIM Speeds vary from zero to many meters
per second and are determined by design and
supply frequency.

10. Principle of Lateral Guidance in
EMS
This configuration ensures that whenever a
levitation force is exerted, a lateral guidance
force occurs as well.
If the electromagnet starts to shift laterally
from the center of the rail, the lateral guidance
force is exerted in proportion to the extent of
the shift, bringing the electromagnet back into
alignment.
 The levitation magnets and rail
are both U shaped(with rail
being an inverted U).
 The mouths of U face one
another.

11. Pros and Cons of EMS (Electromagnetic Suspension)
TECHNOLOGY PROS CONS
EMS
(Electromagnetic
suspension)
-Low magnetic fields
inside and outside
the vehicle
-Commercially
available
-No secondary
propulsion system
needed
-The system needs to
be monitored by
outside system to
maintain the distance
between the Track
and the train
-Vibraitions may occur
due to instability and
outside monitoring.

12. EDS (Electrodynamic Suspension)
Electrodynamic Suspension uses
Superconductors for levitation, propulsion and
lateral guidance

13. Principle of Magnetic Levitation in EDS
•The passing of the superconducting magnets by figure
eight levitation coils on the side of the tract induces a
current in the coils and creates a magnetic field. This
pushes the train upward so that it can levitate 1 to 7 inches
above the track.
•The train does not levitate until it reaches 50 mph, so it is
equipped with retractable wheels.

14. Principle of Propulsion in EDS
•The propulsion coils located on the sidewalls on both
sides of the guide way are energized by a three-phase
alternating current from a substation, creating a
shifting magnetic field on the guide way.
•The on-board superconducting magnets are attracted
and pushed by the shifting field, propelling the Maglev
vehicle.
•Braking is accomplished by sending an alternating
current in the reverse direction so that it is slowed by
attractive and repulsive forces.

15. Principle of Lateral Guidance in EDS
•When one side of the train nears the side of the
guide way, the super conducting magnet on the
train induces a repulsive force from the levitation
coils on the side closer to the train and an attractive
force from the coils on the farther side.
•This keeps the train in the center.

16. Pros and Cons of EDS (Electrodynamic Suspension)
TECHNOLOGY PROS CONS
EDS
(Electrodynamic
suspension)
highest speed
(581 km/h)
Heavy load
capacity
Necessary use of
magneting shielding due
to the strong magnetic
Fields.
The vehicle must be
wheeled to travel at low
speed.
the cryogenic system
uses to cool the coils
can be expensive.

17. ADVANTAGES OF MAGLEV LEVITATION SYSTEM
Travel Speeds
At 300 kmph
 cheaper than flying!!!!
Maglev

18. BETTER FOR THE ENVIRONMENT
Less energy consumption because no rail-
track friction
Requires no fossil fuel
Maglev guide ways & trains take up less
space than conventional trains
Less noise pollution

19. Expensive guide way.
Existence of conventional high speed
train.
Health concerns due to electromagnetic
fields.
Lack of investment
OBSTACLE

20. CONCLUSION
The Maglev Train: Research on this ‘dream train'
has been going on for the last 30 odd years in various
parts of the world.
The chief advantages of this type of train are:
Non-contact and non-wearing propulsion,
independent of friction, no
mechanical components like wheel, axle.
Maintenance costs decrease
The Maglev offers a cheap, efficient alternative to
the current rail system. A country like India could
benefit very much if this were implemented here.
Further possible applications need to be explored
Maglev trains use magnets to levitate and propel
the trains forward.
It is a safe and efficient way to travel.

21. How The Maglev Trains Work?

22. REFERENCES
1. Mamoru Taniguchi, “High Speed Rail in Japan: A
Review and Evaluation of Magnetic Levitation
Train,” working paper, April 2010.
2. Brandon Gilmore, Jeff Deely, “Magnetic Levitation
Transportation by the use of Electromagnets in
Maglev Trains,” A11, paper- 3068, April 2013.
3. http://www.railserve.com/maglev.html
4. http://www.tech-faq.com/how-does-a-maglev-
train-works.html