Facility layout planning determines the optimal physical arrangement of resources. There are several types of layouts including process, product, hybrid, and fixed-position layouts. Process layouts group similar resources together and offer flexibility while product layouts are designed to efficiently produce specific products. Hybrid layouts combine elements of process and product layouts. Effective layout design involves gathering information, developing alternative plans, and creating a detailed layout.
Plant layout optimization in crane manufacturing using CRAFT and SLPEr Harshrajsinh Kher
Plant layout is a major concern for improvement of productivity in any organization. Here my main objective is to reduce material handling cost for crane manufacturing industry by optimizing plant layout. By using CRAFT, I optimize 16.23% of crane manufacturing industry plant layout.Further using space relationship analysis, I optimize 17.37% of crane manufacturing industry plant layout.
Process parameters calculation for various production processes-Selection jigs and fixtures election of quality assurance methods - Set of documents for process planning-Economics of process planning.
Unit 5 -cellular manufacturing & fmsravis205084
Group Technology(GT),Part Families–Parts Classification and coding–Simple Problems in Opitz Part
Coding system–Production flow Analysis–Cellular Manufacturing–Composite part concept–Types of
Flexibility - FMS – FMS Components – FMS Application & Benefits – FMS Planning and Control–
Quantitative analysis in FMS
Assembly is often a neglected activity: human beings are clever, dexterous and adaptable, so all too often we leave the production worker to figure things out. Proper assembly planning would reduce risks, and save time and money. This presentation introduces the key concepts of assembly sequence generation and evaluation. It doesn’t promote any particular software tool, but provides an introduction to the types that exist, and makes a case for a systematic consideration of the assembly task. Review questions for learners are included.
Downloadable presentation in Powerpoint format, originally produced with Keynote.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Analyzed operations of Groundwork Buffalo to identify Non-Value Add activitie...Palaque Thakur
Applied Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to analyze the operations of Groundwork Buffalo and identify Non-Value Add(NVA) processes.
Identified opportunity to increase the number of successful projects from 1.5 to 10 per year.
Utilized process improvement tools, SWOT, Value Stream Mapping, Cause and Effect Diagram, Spaghetti Diagram, Swim lane Diagram, Why-Why Analysis, KPIV/KPOV chart & PFMEA.
Plant layout optimization in crane manufacturing using CRAFT and SLPEr Harshrajsinh Kher
Plant layout is a major concern for improvement of productivity in any organization. Here my main objective is to reduce material handling cost for crane manufacturing industry by optimizing plant layout. By using CRAFT, I optimize 16.23% of crane manufacturing industry plant layout.Further using space relationship analysis, I optimize 17.37% of crane manufacturing industry plant layout.
Process parameters calculation for various production processes-Selection jigs and fixtures election of quality assurance methods - Set of documents for process planning-Economics of process planning.
Unit 5 -cellular manufacturing & fmsravis205084
Group Technology(GT),Part Families–Parts Classification and coding–Simple Problems in Opitz Part
Coding system–Production flow Analysis–Cellular Manufacturing–Composite part concept–Types of
Flexibility - FMS – FMS Components – FMS Application & Benefits – FMS Planning and Control–
Quantitative analysis in FMS
Assembly is often a neglected activity: human beings are clever, dexterous and adaptable, so all too often we leave the production worker to figure things out. Proper assembly planning would reduce risks, and save time and money. This presentation introduces the key concepts of assembly sequence generation and evaluation. It doesn’t promote any particular software tool, but provides an introduction to the types that exist, and makes a case for a systematic consideration of the assembly task. Review questions for learners are included.
Downloadable presentation in Powerpoint format, originally produced with Keynote.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Analyzed operations of Groundwork Buffalo to identify Non-Value Add activitie...Palaque Thakur
Applied Six Sigma DMAIC methodology to analyze the operations of Groundwork Buffalo and identify Non-Value Add(NVA) processes.
Identified opportunity to increase the number of successful projects from 1.5 to 10 per year.
Utilized process improvement tools, SWOT, Value Stream Mapping, Cause and Effect Diagram, Spaghetti Diagram, Swim lane Diagram, Why-Why Analysis, KPIV/KPOV chart & PFMEA.
ALDEP++: An improvement on the ALDEP heuristic via department batching.Palaque Thakur
ALDEP++ is an algorithm developed in MATLAB. It is a version 2.0 of ALDEP, adding departments in batches and use flow*distance as measure. Hence, overcoming shortsightedness of ALDEP and producing more optimized solutions.
Meaning of Plant Layout, Principles of Plant Layout, Types of Plant Layout, Tools in Plant Layout, Building, Lighting and Ventilation, Air-conditioning, Noise and Safety
The report studies the Brand "Adidas" and its aspects like CBBE, Brand Prism, Positioning, Target Segment.
This is made by Shivi Aggarwal and Madhusudan Partani, Students of FORE School of Managemnt.
Contact: madhu.partani@gmail.com
Interventions required to meet business objectives - from Forecasting Methods,
Forecast Accuracy / Error Reduction,
Integrate – Sales Forecast / Production to undertaking a CPFR
Operations Management : Line BalancingRohan Bharaj
This presentation gives us details about the different methods of Line Balancing.
It also gives an example of Ford Motors and how Line Balancing helped Ford become a powerhouse in the early 1900s
Product layout in Food Industry and Line BalancingAbhishek Thakur
The product or line layout is the basic type of layout commonly used by the food industry. Line balancing is done to analyze the net output of our production line and processing time at various steps.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
June 3, 2024 Anti-Semitism Letter Sent to MIT President Kornbluth and MIT Cor...Levi Shapiro
Letter from the Congress of the United States regarding Anti-Semitism sent June 3rd to MIT President Sally Kornbluth, MIT Corp Chair, Mark Gorenberg
Dear Dr. Kornbluth and Mr. Gorenberg,
The US House of Representatives is deeply concerned by ongoing and pervasive acts of antisemitic
harassment and intimidation at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). Failing to act decisively to ensure a safe learning environment for all students would be a grave dereliction of your responsibilities as President of MIT and Chair of the MIT Corporation.
This Congress will not stand idly by and allow an environment hostile to Jewish students to persist. The House believes that your institution is in violation of Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, and the inability or
unwillingness to rectify this violation through action requires accountability.
Postsecondary education is a unique opportunity for students to learn and have their ideas and beliefs challenged. However, universities receiving hundreds of millions of federal funds annually have denied
students that opportunity and have been hijacked to become venues for the promotion of terrorism, antisemitic harassment and intimidation, unlawful encampments, and in some cases, assaults and riots.
The House of Representatives will not countenance the use of federal funds to indoctrinate students into hateful, antisemitic, anti-American supporters of terrorism. Investigations into campus antisemitism by the Committee on Education and the Workforce and the Committee on Ways and Means have been expanded into a Congress-wide probe across all relevant jurisdictions to address this national crisis. The undersigned Committees will conduct oversight into the use of federal funds at MIT and its learning environment under authorities granted to each Committee.
• The Committee on Education and the Workforce has been investigating your institution since December 7, 2023. The Committee has broad jurisdiction over postsecondary education, including its compliance with Title VI of the Civil Rights Act, campus safety concerns over disruptions to the learning environment, and the awarding of federal student aid under the Higher Education Act.
• The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is investigating the sources of funding and other support flowing to groups espousing pro-Hamas propaganda and engaged in antisemitic harassment and intimidation of students. The Committee on Oversight and Accountability is the principal oversight committee of the US House of Representatives and has broad authority to investigate “any matter” at “any time” under House Rule X.
• The Committee on Ways and Means has been investigating several universities since November 15, 2023, when the Committee held a hearing entitled From Ivory Towers to Dark Corners: Investigating the Nexus Between Antisemitism, Tax-Exempt Universities, and Terror Financing. The Committee followed the hearing with letters to those institutions on January 10, 202
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Learning Objectives
Define layout planning and its importance
Identify and describe different types of layouts
Compare process layouts & product layouts
Describe the steps involved in designing both
process and product layouts
Explain the advantages of hybrid layouts
Define the meaning of group technology & its
importance to cellular layouts
3. What Is Layout Planning
Layout planning is determining the best
physical arrangement of resources
within a facility
Two broad categories of operations:
Intermittent processing systems
Continuous processing systems
4. Types of Layouts
Process layouts:
Group similar resources together
Product layouts:
Designed to produce a specific product efficiently
Hybrid layouts:
Combine aspects of both process and product layouts
Fixed-Position layouts:
Product is two large to move; e.g. a building
5. Process Layouts
General purpose & flexible resources
Lower capital intensity & automation
Higher labor intensity
Resources have greater flexibility
Processing rates are slower
Material handling costs are higher
Scheduling resources & work flow is more
complex
Space requirements are higher
6. Product Layouts
Specialized equipment
High capital intensity & wide use of
automation
Processing rates are faster
Material handling costs are lower
Less space required for inventories
Less volume or design flexibility
7. Hybrid Layouts
Combine elements of both product &
process layouts
Maintain some of the efficiencies of product
layouts
Maintain some of the flexibility of process
layouts
Examples:
Group technology & manufacturing cells
Grocery stores
8. Comparison of Product vs. Product Layouts
Process Layouts Product Layouts
Products: large #, different small # efficiently
Resources: general purpose specialized
Facilities: more labor intensive more capital intensive
Flexibility: greater relative to market lower relative to market
Processing slower faster
Rates:
Handling costs: high low
Space requirements: higher lower
9. Designing Process Layouts
Step 1: Gather information:
Space needed, space available, importance of
proximity between various units
Step 2: Develop alternative block plans:
Using trial-and-error or decision support tools
Step 3: Develop a detailed layout
Consider exact sizes and shapes of departments
and work centers including aisles and stairways
Tools like drawings, 3-D models, and CAD
software are available to facilitate this process
10. Process Layout Steps
Step 1: Gather information like space needed, from-to matrix,
and REL Chart for Recovery First Sports Medicine Clinic (total
space 3750 sq. ft.)
A B C
Radiology Laboratory Lobby &
Waiting
400 sq. ft. 300 sq. ft. 300 sq. ft.
D E F
Examining Surgery & Physical
Rooms Recovery Therapy
800 sq. ft. 900 sq. ft. 1050 sq. ft.
12. Step 2: Develop a New Block Layout
Use trial and error with
from-to and REL Charts as a guide
Use computer software like ALDEP
or CRAFT
13. Warehouse Layouts
Warehouse Layout Considerations:
Primary decision is where to locate each department
relative to the dock
Departments can be organized to minimize “ld”
totals
Departments of unequal size require modification of
the typical ld calculations to include a calculation
of the “ratio of trips to area needed”
The usage of “Crossdocking” (see Ch.4) modifies
the traditional warehouse layouts; more docks, less
storage space, and less order picking
14. Office Layouts
Office Layout Considerations:
Almost half of US workforce works in an office
environment
Human interaction and communication are the primary
factors in designing office layouts
Layouts need to account for physical environment and
psychological needs of the organization
One key layout trade-off is between proximity and
privacy
Open concept offices promote understanding & trust
Flexible layouts incorporating “office landscaping” help
to solve the privacy issue in open office environments
15. Designing Product Layouts
Step 1:
Identify tasks & immediate predecessors
Step 2:
Determine the desired output rate
Step 3:
Calculate the cycle time
Step 4:
Compute the theoretical minimum number
of workstations
Step 5: Assign tasks to workstations (balance the
line)
Step 6: Compute efficiency, idle time & balance
delay
16. Step 1: Identify Tasks &
Immediate Predecessors
Example 10.4 Vicki's Pizzeria and the Precedence Diagram
Immediate Task Time
Work Element Task Description Predecessor (seconds
A Roll dough None 50
B Place on cardboard backing A 5
C Sprinkle cheese B 25
D Spread Sauce C 15
E Add pepperoni D 12
F Add sausage D 10
G Add mushrooms D 15
H Shrinkwrap pizza E,F,G 18
I Pack in box H 15
Total task time 165
17. Layout Calculations
Step 2: Determine output rate
Vicki needs to produce 60 pizzas per hour
Step 3: Determine cycle time
The amount of time each workstation is allowed to
complete its tasks
available time ( sec./day ) 60 min/hr x 60 sec/min
Cycle time (sec./unit) = = = 60 sec./unit
desired output ( units/hr ) 60 units/hr
Limited by the bottleneck task (the longest task in a
process):
available time 3600 sec./hr.
Maximum output = = = 72 units/hr, or pizzas per hour
bottleneck task time 50 sec./unit
18. Layout Calculations (continued)
Step 4: Compute the theoretical minimum
number of stations
TM = number of stations needed to
achieve 100% efficiency (every second is
used)
TM =
∑ ( task times ) = 165 seconds
= 2.75, or 3 stations
cycle time 60 sec/station
Always round up (no partial workstations)
Serves as a lower bound for our analysis
19. Layout Calculations (continued)
Step 5: Assign tasks to workstations
Start at the first station & choose the longest eligible task following
precedence relationships
Continue adding the longest eligible task that fits without going over the
desired cycle time
When no additional tasks can be added within the desired cycle time, begin
assigning tasks to the next workstation until finished
Workstation Eligible task Task Selected Task time Idle time
A A 50 10
1
B B 5 5
C C 25 35
2 D D 15 20
E, F, G G 15 5
E, F E 12 48
F F 10 38
3
H H 18 20
I I 15 5
20. Last Layout Calculation
Step 6: Compute efficiency and balance delay
Efficiency (%) is the ratio of total productive
time divided by total time
Efficiency (%) =
∑t = 165 sec.
( 100) = 91.7%
NC 3 stations x 60 sec.
Balance delay (%) is the amount by which the
line falls short of 100%
Balance delay = 100% − 91.7% = 8.3%
21. Other Product Layout Considerations
Shape of the line (S, U, O, L):
Share resources, enhance communication &
visibility, impact location of loading &
unloading
Paced versus un-paced lines
Paced lines use an automatically enforced
cycle time
Single or mixed-model lines
22. Designing Hybrid Layouts
One of the most popular hybrid layouts uses Group
Technology (GT) and a cellular layout
GT has the advantage of bringing the efficiencies of a
product layout to a process layout environment
25. Chapter 10 Highlights
Layout planning is deciding on the best physical
arrangement of resources.
There are four basic types of layouts: process,
product, hybrid, and fixed position.
Process layouts provide flexibility to make a
variety of different products. Product layouts
provide greater efficiency for one product.
The steps for designing process layouts are:
gather space and closeness information, develop a
block plan, and develop a detailed layout.
26. Chapter 10 Highlights (continued)
The steps for designing an product layout are:
identify tasks and predecessors, determine output
rate, determine cycle time, computing the
theoretical minimum number of work stations,
assigning tasks to workstations, and computing
efficiency and balance delay.
Hybrids layouts combine elements from both types
of layouts to increase efficiency.
Hybrid layouts combine GT analysis with cellular
layout concepts .