This document reviews the multiple access techniques used across different generations of mobile telecommunications. It discusses the key multiple access techniques of FDMA, TDMA, CDMA, and SDMA used in 1G-4G networks. It also covers packet switching methods like Aloha, slotted Aloha, CSMA/CD, CSMA/CA, and token ring. The techniques have evolved with each new generation to increase network capacity and accommodate more users through improvements like OFDMA and dynamic TDMA. In conclusion, the appropriate use of multiple access techniques is important for network communications by eliminating disadvantages and improving speed, accuracy, capacity and efficiency.
Co-channel and adjacent-channel interference evaluation of an outdoor telecom...Konstantinos Stamatakis
The objective of the present paper is to evaluate the
impact of adjacent and co-channel interference on the
performance of some standard report systems that exists in an
outdoor telecommunications cabinet - base station (BS) (also
known as KV, from the acronym of the German word
Kabelverzweiger) and devices that technicians frequently use.
Specifically, the interference analyzed is between devices, such as
Bluetooth handset, laptop and measurement tools, that are
usually used during inspections and repairs by technicians and
wireless reporting systems installed inside BS that provide
information about BS’s condition and real time connection with
the help desk back office
Teleprotection signals from protective relays are among the most critical data transmitted across utility networks, as they help manage the power grid load, as well as to protect equipment within the power network from severe damages resulting from faulty HV lines. By enabling load-sharing, grid adjustments and immediate fault clearance, Teleprotection has a decisive role in ensuring uninterrupted power supply and therefore requires special attention with regards to network performance and reliability. Specifically, protection commands must be assured immediate delivery when problems are detected, so that faulty equipment can be disconnected before causing a system-wide damage.
UNIT III
MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover-Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber and service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks –GPRS –Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context procedure-combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing
Analysis of Simulation Parameters of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter for WCDMAijsrd.com
The application of signal processing techniques to wireless communications is an emerging area that has recently achieved dramatic improvement in results and holds the potential for even greater results in the future as an increasing number of researchers from the signal process and communications areas participate in this expanding field. From an industrial viewpoint also, the advanced signal processing technology cannot only dramatically increase the wireless system capacity but can also improve the communication quality including the reduction of all types of interference. The present paper deals with simulation model of square root raised cosine pulse shaping filter for WCDMA with different parameters of the filter at 5Mhz.The present paper deals with study of Simulation Parameters (Number of Bits, Number of Errors) of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter at different value of group delay(2,4,6,8) to the calculate BER for WCDMA.
Co-channel and adjacent-channel interference evaluation of an outdoor telecom...Konstantinos Stamatakis
The objective of the present paper is to evaluate the
impact of adjacent and co-channel interference on the
performance of some standard report systems that exists in an
outdoor telecommunications cabinet - base station (BS) (also
known as KV, from the acronym of the German word
Kabelverzweiger) and devices that technicians frequently use.
Specifically, the interference analyzed is between devices, such as
Bluetooth handset, laptop and measurement tools, that are
usually used during inspections and repairs by technicians and
wireless reporting systems installed inside BS that provide
information about BS’s condition and real time connection with
the help desk back office
Teleprotection signals from protective relays are among the most critical data transmitted across utility networks, as they help manage the power grid load, as well as to protect equipment within the power network from severe damages resulting from faulty HV lines. By enabling load-sharing, grid adjustments and immediate fault clearance, Teleprotection has a decisive role in ensuring uninterrupted power supply and therefore requires special attention with regards to network performance and reliability. Specifically, protection commands must be assured immediate delivery when problems are detected, so that faulty equipment can be disconnected before causing a system-wide damage.
UNIT III
MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
GSM-architecture-Location tracking and call setup- Mobility management- Handover-Security-GSM SMS –International roaming for GSM- call recording functions-subscriber and service data mgt –-Mobile Number portability -VoIP service for Mobile Networks –GPRS –Architecture-GPRS procedures-attach and detach procedures-PDP context procedure-combined RA/LA update procedures-Billing
Analysis of Simulation Parameters of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter for WCDMAijsrd.com
The application of signal processing techniques to wireless communications is an emerging area that has recently achieved dramatic improvement in results and holds the potential for even greater results in the future as an increasing number of researchers from the signal process and communications areas participate in this expanding field. From an industrial viewpoint also, the advanced signal processing technology cannot only dramatically increase the wireless system capacity but can also improve the communication quality including the reduction of all types of interference. The present paper deals with simulation model of square root raised cosine pulse shaping filter for WCDMA with different parameters of the filter at 5Mhz.The present paper deals with study of Simulation Parameters (Number of Bits, Number of Errors) of Pulse Shaping FIR Filter at different value of group delay(2,4,6,8) to the calculate BER for WCDMA.
UNIT IV MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS
Ad-Hoc Basic Concepts – Characteristics – Applications – Design Issues – Routing – Essential of Traditional Routing Protocols –Popular Routing Protocols – Vehicular Ad Hoc networks ( VANET) – MANET Vs VANET – Security
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance analysis of round trip time in narrowband rf networks for remote ...ijcsit
Networks for remote wireless communications using narrow band radios modem &Routers ((RipEX unit)
,as a means of transmission to communicate between the loins broadcast sites TV/FM.
RTT delay measurement is influenced by different parameters of Narrowband RF Networks.
We illustrate, in this paper, how RTT varies (in remote wireless practical communications application)
versus distance, modulation, baud rates, number of hops and throughput, between source and destination.
Also, we will see how the Forward Error Correction (FEC) affect, in the same time, the RTT according the
factors cited above.
Orbits : types of satellites : frequency used link establishment, MA techniques used in satellite communication, earth station; aperture actuators used in satellite – Intelsat and Insat: fibers – types:
sources, detectors used, digital filters, optical link: power line carrier communications: SCADA
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Development And Implementation Of OFDM Transceiver For WLAN ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Multi-Carrier modulation is a technique for data transmission by multiplexing a low bit-rate data streams to modulated carriers into signal Wideband Carrier. Multi-Carrier transmission has a lot of useful properties such as delay-spread tolerance and spectrum efficiency that encourage their use in untethered broadband communication. OFDM is becoming the chosen modulation technique for wireless communications. OFDM is a multi-carrier modulation scheme with densely spaced sub-carriers that has gained a lot of popularity among the broadband community in the last few years. OFDM can provide large data rate with sufficient robustness to radio channel impairments. OFDM works on the principle of Orthogonality. The orthogonality between subcarriers which is at the core of OFDM modulation requires a perfect synchronization. OFDM has properties like high spectral efficiency, Resiliency to RF interference and Lower multi-path distortion. This work is concentrated in implementing both transmitter and receiver using Matlab software and also to verify whether the transmitted data is obtained at the receiver side. As we are using the OFDM technique we will be having bandwidth efficiency when compared to the normal FDM technique.
Overview of handover decision strategies in heterogeneous networks by narendr...Narendra Prajapati
The availability of diverse wireless access technologies such as (Wi-Fi), (WiMAX), and (UMTS) allows users to stay “always on” in fast roaming too using IEEE802.21.
Vertical handovers had made possible for user to transfer itself to other technology service without disturbances in ongoing process.
Its is known that security problems in GSM authentication when it comes to high speed moving users, because of there frequent change of cell sites.
Handover could be horizontal or vertical and per user requirement. MIH (media independent handover) though provide vertical handover but on other hand 802.11had provided us fast and secure connection oriented handover from one access point to another with in same mobility domain.
Thus feature of security and authentication is integrated with handover for user security.
What are heterogeneous networks?
Evolutions of Generations
The Cellular GSM Transitions
Overview of 4G Communications
Concept of Handover /Handoff
Handovers distinguished according to criteria
The Vertical handover IEEE 802.21 & its phases.
VHO Management procedures
Requirements of Handover mechanism in heterogeneous networks
Performance evaluation (Technology )
Performance evaluation in Handover mechanisms
Device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying a cellular infrastructure has been proposed as a means of taking advantage of the physical proximity of communicating devices, increasing resource utilization, and improving cellular coverage. Relative to the traditional cellular methods, there is a need to design new peer discovery methods, physical layer procedures, and radio resource management algorithms that help realize the potential article we use the 3GPP Long Term Evolution system as a baseline for D2D design, review some of the key design challenges, and propose solution approaches that allow cellular devices and D2D pairs to share spectrum resources and thereby increase the spectrum and energy efficiency of traditional cellular networks. Sim- ulation results illustrate the viability of the proposed design.
Device to Device Communications will enable on cellular 4G/5G networks soon, There are many research aspects in D2D Communications,
Mode Selection
Network Coding
MIMO
Multi-Hop
the most complicated Interference scenarios are coming
With the concept of 3G & 4G services OCDMA is one of the important technologies, that provide a very high speed communication. In this technology multiple users can communicate simultaneously to transfer different kind of data. OCDMA enables the best use of available bandwidth and the spectrum to represent a cost efficient network. But in a network there is always the requirement to increase the security and the efficiency or the throughput of a multiuser communication in the OCDMA network. The proposed work is about to increase the efficiency in a Noisy channel. Here the work will be performed on impulse noised network. We are here proposing the orthogonal approach along with OCDMA to improve the throughput. We are trying to show the results in terms of noise ratio and the derived throughput. The proposed work is about to reduce this packet loss and to increase the throughput in the noisy network. To overcome this drawback and to increase the throughput we are using the concept of OFDM along with CDMA. This concept is represented as the Orthogonal CDMA.
UNIT IV MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS
Ad-Hoc Basic Concepts – Characteristics – Applications – Design Issues – Routing – Essential of Traditional Routing Protocols –Popular Routing Protocols – Vehicular Ad Hoc networks ( VANET) – MANET Vs VANET – Security
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Performance analysis of round trip time in narrowband rf networks for remote ...ijcsit
Networks for remote wireless communications using narrow band radios modem &Routers ((RipEX unit)
,as a means of transmission to communicate between the loins broadcast sites TV/FM.
RTT delay measurement is influenced by different parameters of Narrowband RF Networks.
We illustrate, in this paper, how RTT varies (in remote wireless practical communications application)
versus distance, modulation, baud rates, number of hops and throughput, between source and destination.
Also, we will see how the Forward Error Correction (FEC) affect, in the same time, the RTT according the
factors cited above.
Orbits : types of satellites : frequency used link establishment, MA techniques used in satellite communication, earth station; aperture actuators used in satellite – Intelsat and Insat: fibers – types:
sources, detectors used, digital filters, optical link: power line carrier communications: SCADA
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is an open access international journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Development And Implementation Of OFDM Transceiver For WLAN ApplicationsIJERA Editor
Multi-Carrier modulation is a technique for data transmission by multiplexing a low bit-rate data streams to modulated carriers into signal Wideband Carrier. Multi-Carrier transmission has a lot of useful properties such as delay-spread tolerance and spectrum efficiency that encourage their use in untethered broadband communication. OFDM is becoming the chosen modulation technique for wireless communications. OFDM is a multi-carrier modulation scheme with densely spaced sub-carriers that has gained a lot of popularity among the broadband community in the last few years. OFDM can provide large data rate with sufficient robustness to radio channel impairments. OFDM works on the principle of Orthogonality. The orthogonality between subcarriers which is at the core of OFDM modulation requires a perfect synchronization. OFDM has properties like high spectral efficiency, Resiliency to RF interference and Lower multi-path distortion. This work is concentrated in implementing both transmitter and receiver using Matlab software and also to verify whether the transmitted data is obtained at the receiver side. As we are using the OFDM technique we will be having bandwidth efficiency when compared to the normal FDM technique.
Overview of handover decision strategies in heterogeneous networks by narendr...Narendra Prajapati
The availability of diverse wireless access technologies such as (Wi-Fi), (WiMAX), and (UMTS) allows users to stay “always on” in fast roaming too using IEEE802.21.
Vertical handovers had made possible for user to transfer itself to other technology service without disturbances in ongoing process.
Its is known that security problems in GSM authentication when it comes to high speed moving users, because of there frequent change of cell sites.
Handover could be horizontal or vertical and per user requirement. MIH (media independent handover) though provide vertical handover but on other hand 802.11had provided us fast and secure connection oriented handover from one access point to another with in same mobility domain.
Thus feature of security and authentication is integrated with handover for user security.
What are heterogeneous networks?
Evolutions of Generations
The Cellular GSM Transitions
Overview of 4G Communications
Concept of Handover /Handoff
Handovers distinguished according to criteria
The Vertical handover IEEE 802.21 & its phases.
VHO Management procedures
Requirements of Handover mechanism in heterogeneous networks
Performance evaluation (Technology )
Performance evaluation in Handover mechanisms
Device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying a cellular infrastructure has been proposed as a means of taking advantage of the physical proximity of communicating devices, increasing resource utilization, and improving cellular coverage. Relative to the traditional cellular methods, there is a need to design new peer discovery methods, physical layer procedures, and radio resource management algorithms that help realize the potential article we use the 3GPP Long Term Evolution system as a baseline for D2D design, review some of the key design challenges, and propose solution approaches that allow cellular devices and D2D pairs to share spectrum resources and thereby increase the spectrum and energy efficiency of traditional cellular networks. Sim- ulation results illustrate the viability of the proposed design.
Device to Device Communications will enable on cellular 4G/5G networks soon, There are many research aspects in D2D Communications,
Mode Selection
Network Coding
MIMO
Multi-Hop
the most complicated Interference scenarios are coming
With the concept of 3G & 4G services OCDMA is one of the important technologies, that provide a very high speed communication. In this technology multiple users can communicate simultaneously to transfer different kind of data. OCDMA enables the best use of available bandwidth and the spectrum to represent a cost efficient network. But in a network there is always the requirement to increase the security and the efficiency or the throughput of a multiuser communication in the OCDMA network. The proposed work is about to increase the efficiency in a Noisy channel. Here the work will be performed on impulse noised network. We are here proposing the orthogonal approach along with OCDMA to improve the throughput. We are trying to show the results in terms of noise ratio and the derived throughput. The proposed work is about to reduce this packet loss and to increase the throughput in the noisy network. To overcome this drawback and to increase the throughput we are using the concept of OFDM along with CDMA. This concept is represented as the Orthogonal CDMA.
CDMA Transmitter and Receiver Implementation Using FPGAIOSR Journals
Abstract: Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) is a spread spectrum technique that uses neither frequency channels nor time slots. With CDMA, the narrow band message (typically digitized voice data) is multiplied by a large bandwidth signal that is a pseudo random noise code (PN code). All users in a CDMA system use the same frequency band and transmit simultaneously. The transmitted signal is recovered by correlating the received signal with the PN code used by the transmitter. The DS - CDMA is expected to be the major medium access technology in the future mobile systems owing to its potential capacity enhancement and the robustness against noise. The CDMA is uniquely featured by its spectrum-spreading randomization process employing a pseudo-noise (PN) sequence, thus is often called the spread spectrum multiple access (SSMA). As different CDMA users take different PN sequences, each CDMA receiver can discriminate and detect its own signal, by regarding the signals transmitted by other users as noise- like interferences. In this project direct sequence principle based CDMA transmitter and receiver is implemented in VHDL for FPGA. Modelsim 6.2(MXE) tool will be used for functional and logic verification at each block. The Xilinx synthesis technology (XST) of Xilinx ISE 9.2i tool will be used for synthesis of transmitter and receiver on FPGA Spartan 3E. Keywords: CDMA, DSSS, BPSK, GOLD code.
An Approach to Improve the Quality of Service in OFDMA Relay Networks via Re-...iosrjce
With the next-generation cellular networks making a transition toward smaller cells, two-hop
orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) relay networks have become a dominant, mandatory
component in the 4G standards (WiMAX802.16j, 3GPP LTE-Adv.). Here we are using the multicasting strategy
Given the growing importance of multimedia broadcast and multicast services (MBMS) in 4G networks, the
latter forms the focus of this project. The main aim of this project is to improve the performance of the OFDMA
based relay networks. The OFDMA transmission Scheme is a widely accepted scheme for improving the quality
and speed of communication over the 4G cellular network. There are two different models designed for OFDMA
relay networks .Distributed (DP) and Contiguous (CP) permutations. We are checking the performance of two
algorithms The linear programming algorithm and the greedy algorithm by using two models of OFDMA for
multicast scheduling and after performance evaluation we select the best model and the algorithm for
transmission. We further improve the throughput via retransmission of lost packets during data transfer over the
specified network. We can detect the packet loss by packet synchronization technique and a request will be sent
by the destination for re-sending the lost packets which is called as Re-Transmission.[1]
Wimax technology has reshaped the framework of broadband wireless internet
service. It provides the internet service to unconnected or detached areas such as east South
Africa, rural areas of America and Asia region. Full duplex helpers employed with one of
the relay stations selection and indexing method that is Randomized Distributed Space Time
are used to expand the coverage area of primary Wimax station. The basic problem was
identified at cell edge due to weather conditions (rain, fog), insertion of destruction because
of multiple paths in the same communication channel and due to interference created by
other users in that communication. It is impractical task for the receiver station to decode
the transmitted signal successfully at the cell edges, which increases the high packet loss and
retransmissions. But Wimax is a outstanding technology which is used for improving the
quality of internet service and also it offers various services like Voice over Internet
Protocol, Video conferencing and Multimedia broadcast etc where a little delay in packet
transmission can cause a big loss in the communication. Even setup and initialization of
another Wimax station nearer to each other is not a good alternate, where any mobile
station can easily handover to another base station if it gets a strong signal from other one.
But in rural areas, for few numbers of customers, installation of base station nearer to each
other is costlier task. In this review article, we present a scheme using R-DSTC technique to
choose and select helpers (relay nodes) randomly to expand the coverage area and help to
mobile station as a helper to provide secure communication with base station. In this work,
we use full duplex helpers for better utilization of bandwidth.
Welcome to International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)IJERD Editor
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journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
INVESTIGATION OF UTRA FDD DATA AND CONTROL CHANNELS IN THE PRESENCE OF NOISE ...ijngnjournal
In this paper, the main aim is to design and simulate UTRA FDD control channel in the presence of noise and wireless channel by using FDD library/Matlab box set that can be used to design and implement some
systems. Moreover, a test and verification of the library is achieved with different channel models such as Additive White Gaussian Noise (AWGN), fading and moving channel models. FDD library are employed to design whole transmitter and receiver. Then we had tested AWGN channel and some other channel models.
Also we illustrated what are control channels DCCH and the other one as understanding the whole system. Moreover, the standards have been covered as well as implemented the whole transmit and receive chain plus the generation of DPCH, DPCCH channel. we had tested the performance against the AWGN noise.
Then we have studied different channel models that are defined in the standard, used the few of them like the fading channel and moving channel. We have tried to compare the performance in terms of Monte Carlo simulation by producing the BER curves. We have also change some channel parameters like phase, number of multipaths and we have tried to see the performance of the model in the presence of actual channel model.
Multicarrier modulation can be implemented by using Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) to achieve utmost bandwidth exploitation and soaring alleviation attributes profile besides multipath fading. To support delay sensitive and band bandwidth demanding multimedia applications and internet services, MIMO in addition with other techniques can be used to achieve high capacity and reliability. To obtain high spatial rate by transmitting data on several antennas by using MIMO with OFDM results in reducing error recovery features and the equalization complexities arise by sending data on varying frequency levels. Three parameters frequency OFDM, Spatial (MIMO) and time (STC) can be used to achieve diversity in MIMO-OFDM. This technique is dynamic and well-known for services of wireless broadband access. MIMO if used with OFDM is highly beneficial for each scheme and provides high throughput. There are several space time block codes to exploit MIMO OFDM; one of the techniques is called Alamouti Codes. The paper investigates adaptive Alamouti Codes and their application in IEEE 802.11n.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.