A. Morgunov (CIMMYT-Turkey)
B. Akin (CIMMYT-Turkey),
Y. Kaya (B. Dagdas International Agric. Research Institute, Turkey)
M. Keser (ICARDA-Turkey)
K. Nazari (ICARDA-Syria)
Z. Mert (Central Field Crop Research Institute, Turkey),
R. Sharma (ICARDA-Uzbekistan)
T. Wuletaw (ICARDA-Syria)
The use of the term cisgenesis is an attempt to distinguish GM plants or other organisms produced in this way from transgenics that is GM plants that contain DNA from unrelated organisms. Schouten et al. (2006) introduced the term cisgenesis and defined cisgenesis as the modification in the genetic background of a recipient plant by a naturally derived gene from a cross compatible species including its introns and its native promoter and terminator flanked in the normal sense orientation. Since cisgenes shared a common gene pool available for traditional breeding the final cisgenic plant should be devoid of any kind of foreign DNA viz., selection markers and vector- backbone sequences. Sometimes the word cisgenesis is also referred to as Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer from a sexually compatible plant where only the T-DNA borders may be present in the recipient organism after transformation (EFSA, 2012). The cisgenesis precludes linkage drag, and hence, prevents hazards from unidentified hitch hiking genes (Schouten, and Jacobsen, 2008). Compared to transgenesis, one of the disadvantages shared by cisgenesis is that characters outside the sexually compatible gene pool cannot be introduced. Furthermore, development of cisgenic crops involves extraordinary proficiency and time compared to transgenic crops. Therefore, the required genes or fragments of genes may not be readily accessible but have to be isolated from the sexually compatible gene pool (Holme et al., 2013).
On 16 February 2012, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2012) reported the detail study concerning the safety aspects of cisgenic plants and validated that cisgenic plants are secure to be used in terms of environment, food and feed, similar to the traditionally bred plants. However, the present GMO regulation keeps the cisgenic micro-organisms out from its supervision. The first scientific statement of bringing forth a true plant obtained by cisgenic approach was reported in apple through the insertion of the internal scab resistance gene HcrVf2 influenced by their own regulatory genes into the cultivar Gala, a scab susceptible cultivar (Vanblaere et al., 2011). Barley with improved phytase activity was produced successfully by Holme et al. 2011, through cisgenic approach. Late blight resistant potatoes have developed by cisgene stacking of R- gene (jo et al., 2014).
Cisgenics as a next generation GMO crops. This concept is new and alternative to transgenic crops...can avoid fear of transgenics w.r.t health and environment problems.
Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic EnhancementKK CHANDEL
Journey From Wild to Domestication; Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic Enhancement; Genetic Enhancement in Pre Mendelian Era and 21st Century; Genetic Enhancement and Plant Breeding; Reasons For Failure in Genetic Enhancement; Sources of Genes/ Traits- Novel Genes For Quality
It is method helps for handling segregation population , and maintain the population record for every generation, which helps breeders to select lines and know the pedigree information regarding lines
The use of the term cisgenesis is an attempt to distinguish GM plants or other organisms produced in this way from transgenics that is GM plants that contain DNA from unrelated organisms. Schouten et al. (2006) introduced the term cisgenesis and defined cisgenesis as the modification in the genetic background of a recipient plant by a naturally derived gene from a cross compatible species including its introns and its native promoter and terminator flanked in the normal sense orientation. Since cisgenes shared a common gene pool available for traditional breeding the final cisgenic plant should be devoid of any kind of foreign DNA viz., selection markers and vector- backbone sequences. Sometimes the word cisgenesis is also referred to as Agrobacterium-mediated gene transfer from a sexually compatible plant where only the T-DNA borders may be present in the recipient organism after transformation (EFSA, 2012). The cisgenesis precludes linkage drag, and hence, prevents hazards from unidentified hitch hiking genes (Schouten, and Jacobsen, 2008). Compared to transgenesis, one of the disadvantages shared by cisgenesis is that characters outside the sexually compatible gene pool cannot be introduced. Furthermore, development of cisgenic crops involves extraordinary proficiency and time compared to transgenic crops. Therefore, the required genes or fragments of genes may not be readily accessible but have to be isolated from the sexually compatible gene pool (Holme et al., 2013).
On 16 February 2012, European Food Safety Authority (EFSA, 2012) reported the detail study concerning the safety aspects of cisgenic plants and validated that cisgenic plants are secure to be used in terms of environment, food and feed, similar to the traditionally bred plants. However, the present GMO regulation keeps the cisgenic micro-organisms out from its supervision. The first scientific statement of bringing forth a true plant obtained by cisgenic approach was reported in apple through the insertion of the internal scab resistance gene HcrVf2 influenced by their own regulatory genes into the cultivar Gala, a scab susceptible cultivar (Vanblaere et al., 2011). Barley with improved phytase activity was produced successfully by Holme et al. 2011, through cisgenic approach. Late blight resistant potatoes have developed by cisgene stacking of R- gene (jo et al., 2014).
Cisgenics as a next generation GMO crops. This concept is new and alternative to transgenic crops...can avoid fear of transgenics w.r.t health and environment problems.
Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic EnhancementKK CHANDEL
Journey From Wild to Domestication; Genetic Enhancement- Need for Genetic Enhancement; Genetic Enhancement in Pre Mendelian Era and 21st Century; Genetic Enhancement and Plant Breeding; Reasons For Failure in Genetic Enhancement; Sources of Genes/ Traits- Novel Genes For Quality
It is method helps for handling segregation population , and maintain the population record for every generation, which helps breeders to select lines and know the pedigree information regarding lines
Presentation delivered by Dr. Hans-Joachim Braun (Global Wheat Program, CIMMYT) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Presentation delivered by Dr. Sanjaya Rajaram (Resource Seed International, Mexico) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
The Green Revolution: Lessons for the FutureCIMMYT
Presentation delivered by Sir Gordon Conway (Imperial College London, UK) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Potential yields and yield gaps in wheat: the bases of wheat yield progressCIMMYT
Presentation delivered by Dr. Tony Fischer (CSIRO, Australia) at Borlaug Summit on Wheat for Food Security. March 25 - 28, 2014, Ciudad Obregon, Mexico.
http://www.borlaug100.org
Detection of ug99_in_egypt_bgri2015_austrilia_atef_shahinAtef Shahin
Wheat stem rust caused by Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici = Pgt play an important role in wheat production throughout the world with rusts disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
Inheritance of stem rust (Puccinia graminis Pers. F. Sp. Tritici ericks and E...Innspub Net
Stem rust disease caused by Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici (Pgt) is currently one of the major biotic constraints in wheat (Triticum aestivum) production worldwide. Therefore, objectives of this study were (i) to identify resistant wheat lines with both adult plant resistance (APR) and seedling plant resistance (SPR), and (ii) to determine the kind of resistance to stem rust in KSL18, PCB52, PCB62 and PCB76 wheat lines. A collection of 100 wheat lines was evaluated in the field and greenhouse for stem rust resistance. The following four lines- KSL18, PCB52, PCB62 and PCB76 were identified as resistant and were crossed with known susceptible cultivars Kwale and
Duma. The resulting F1 hybrids and F2 populations alongside the parents were then tested in the greenhouse for response to the stem rust race TTKST. The selected wheat lines exhibited infection types ‘;’ to ‘2’ depicting resistance while Kwale and Duma depicted infection type ‘3+’ to TTKST. In the F2 populations evaluations that derived from Kwale × PCB52 indicated that the resistance is conferred by a single dominant gene. However, all other F2 populations showed that the resistance was conferred by two genes complementing each other (duplicate recessive epistasis) thus the ratios 9R: 7S. These identified resistant lines could be evaluated for other qualities and passed as potential varieties or used as sources of valuable stem rust resistance. Get more articles at: http://www.innspub.net/volume-7-number-4-october-2015-ijaar/
Effective genes for resistance to wheat yellow rust and virulence of Puccinia...Atef Shahin
The objective of the study was to evaluate reaction of the differential set, isogenic line and Egyptian genotypes to identify the virulence of strpe rust pathogen and determine the effectiveness of resistance genes. Title: "Effective genes for resistance to wheat yellow rust and virulence of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici in Egypt" Egypt. Acad. J. Biolog. Sci., 8(2):1-10 (2017).
Variability and Association of Yield and Yield Component Traits of Durum Whea...Premier Publishers
Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. var. durum) is a member of the Poaceae family. It is tetraploid (genomes of AABB) with 28 chromosomes (2n = 4x = 28). The use of poor yielder local durum wheat genotypes was the major critical problem of durum wheat production in Ethiopia. The present study was specifically, to evaluate genetic variations of Ethiopian advanced durum wheat lines; to investigate the important yield component traits of durum wheat; to determine the magnitude of association between yield and yield component of traits and to identify promising candidate genotypes to be used in future durum wheat breeding programmes. The study was carried out on 81 genotypes and the experiment was laid out in a triple lattice design with total of 243 experimental units. The analysis of variance showed highly significant variation among the genotypes for all traits. Most traits, have showed higher PCV and GCV values (>10%) except days to maturity. Broad sense heritability (H^2) was ranged from 57.9% to 89.7%. Future research on durum wheat crop should give emphasis on quality parameter specially required standard for pasta and Makoroni requirement of the industry demand.:
Performance Evaluation of released Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) variet...Premier Publishers
Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Leguminosae) is a crop widely distributed in almost all parts of the world. In Ethiopia, common bean is cultivated for two main purposes namely as a source of protein for local consumption and for export. Mostly, it grows in the warm and lowland areas of the country. This experiment was conducted to identify, select and recommend adaptable, high yielding, as well as Insect pest and disease resistant released variety(ies) for major common bean producing areas mainly Kamashi zone and Mao-komo special Woreda of Benishangul gumuz regional state of Ethiopia. Sixteen varieties were evaluated in RCBD with three replications with plot size of 4m x 2.4m = 9.6m2 at Kamashi and Tongo (Mao-komo) testing sites of Assosa Agricultural Research Centre (AsRC) for two years (2013/14 and 2014/15) main cropping seasons. The result of ANOVA showed that there was a significant varietal difference (P< 0.001) in seed yield. The least seed yield per hectare was recorded for Argene variety (474 kg ha-1) and the highest grain yield for SER 125 variety (2220 kg ha-1) followed by SER 119 (2022 kg ha-1) SER 48 varieties (1891kg ha-1) and Nasir variety (1800 kg ha-1). SER 125, SER 119 and SER 48 varieties were performed well across both locations during the consecutive cropping seasons while Nasir variety has another quality of tolerating soil acidity which was the major problem in the western parts of the country including Assosa and western Oromia. Therefore, these varieties have to be promoted in farmer’s field for dissemination and scaling up.
Can we measure female social entrepreneurship? ICARDA
1st Annual Conference of the Private Sector Development Research Network:Private Enterprise and Inclusion12-13 December 2019
Presentation by Anastasia Seferiadis, Sarah Cummings and Bénédicte Gastineau
Building Climate Smart FARMERSThe Indian PerspectiveICARDA
Presented by
DR. KIRIT N SHELAT, I.A.S. (Rtd)
National Council for Climate Change, Sustainable Development and Public Leadership (NCCSD)
AHMEDABAD - INDIA
SUSTAINABLE SILVOPASTORAL RESTORATION TO PROMOTE ECOSYSTEM SERVICES IN TUNISIAICARDA
25 - 29 November 2019. Antalya, Turkey. Near East Forestry and Range Commission (NEFRC) - 24th Session
Presentation by Dr. Mounir Louhaichi
Rangeland Ecology & Management
International Center for Agricultural Research in the Dry Areas
M.Louhaichi@cigar.org
Highlights on 2019 research outputs and outcomesICARDA
18-20/11/2019. ICARDA Board of Trustees. The Program Committee of the first day was open to all staff. It included:
Highlights of recent research breakthroughs and strategic questions presented by Strategic Research Priorities (CRPs) and Cross Cutting Themes (CCTs).
The presentation is a brief highlight of the rationale for mobile data collection and the landscape of the mobile data collection platforms that exist, and the potential considerations for a choice of a choice of open data kit as a subject of the training
URI
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11766/10373
See also:
https://www.icarda.org/media/events/monitoring-evaluation-and-learning-data-management-and-geo-informatics-option-context
BRINGING INNOVATION AND SUSTAINABILITY ALONG THE WHOLE VALUE CHAIN IN THE MED...ICARDA
Tunis, 6-7 November 2019. Training workshop PRIMA – Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area is the most ambitious joint programme to be undertaken in the frame of Euro-Mediterranean cooperation.
Presentation by Prof. M. Hachicha National Research Institute in Rural Engineering, Water and Forestry, University of Carthage | UCAR
Utilizing the reject brine from desalination for implementing integrated agri...ICARDA
14-15 November 2019. Madrid. International Symposium on the use of Non-Conventional Waters to achieve Food Security
DESALINATION - “Advancing desalination: reducing energy consumption and environmental footprint”
Presentation by Ms Dionysia Lyra, International Centre on Biosaline Agriculture (ICBA), United Arab Emirates
The role of higher and vocational education and training in developing knowle...ICARDA
25 October 2019. Africa-Europe event on higher education collaboration
Investing in skills and the young generation is key for sustainable social and economic development. Africa and Europe have been working together to develop high quality and inclusive higher education systems, exchange experience in matching skills with the demands of the labour market and to support collaboration, mobility and exchange between students and scientists within and between the African continent and Europe.
Characteristics of a winning research proposal ICARDA
Tunis, 6-7 November 2019. Training workshop PRIMA – Partnership for Research and Innovation in the Mediterranean Area is the most ambitious joint programme to be undertaken in the frame of Euro-Mediterranean cooperation.
Yehia Selmi, co-founder, Bio-wonder, Tunisia.
28 October 2019. Cairo. On the occasion of the 10th Africa Food Day Commemoration, held in joint food and nutrition security research and innovation projects within the Africa-EU Partnership.
Panel 4: Panel 4 – Idea-carriers:
Dr. Jacques Wery, Deputy Director General Research, ICARDA (CGIAR)
28 October 2019. On the occasion of the 10th Africa Food Day Commemoration, held in Egypt under the chairmanship of the African Union by Egypt in 2019, the North Africa event, organized by LEAP4FNSSA with the support of ARC/ Agricultural Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, launched a public private alliance of partners between Europe and North Africa to develop joint food and nutrition security research and innovation projects within the Africa-EU Partnership
Funding networks and mechanisms to support EU AU FNSSA R&I ICARDA
Dr. Bernard Mallet, Agriculture Projects Coordinator, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, France
28 October. On the occasion of the 10th Africa Food Day Commemoration, held in Egypt under the chairmanship of the African Union by Egypt in 2019, the North Africa event, organized by LEAP4FNSSA with the support of ARC/ Agricultural Research Center of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation, launched a public private alliance of partners between Europe and North Africa to develop joint food and nutrition security research and innovation projects within the Africa-EU Partnership
https://www.icarda.org/media/events/building-research-and-innovation-collaborations-within-frame-african-european
Mapping suitable niche for cactus and legumes in diversified farming in drylandsICARDA
Presentation by Chandrashekhar Biradar and team.
16-18 October 2019. Hyderabad, India. TRUST: Humans, Machines & Ecosystems. This year’s Convention was hosted by The International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT). The Platform is led by the International Center for Tropical Agriculture (CIAT) and the International Food Policy Research Institute (IFPRI).
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
JMeter webinar - integration with InfluxDB and GrafanaRTTS
Watch this recorded webinar about real-time monitoring of application performance. See how to integrate Apache JMeter, the open-source leader in performance testing, with InfluxDB, the open-source time-series database, and Grafana, the open-source analytics and visualization application.
In this webinar, we will review the benefits of leveraging InfluxDB and Grafana when executing load tests and demonstrate how these tools are used to visualize performance metrics.
Length: 30 minutes
Session Overview
-------------------------------------------
During this webinar, we will cover the following topics while demonstrating the integrations of JMeter, InfluxDB and Grafana:
- What out-of-the-box solutions are available for real-time monitoring JMeter tests?
- What are the benefits of integrating InfluxDB and Grafana into the load testing stack?
- Which features are provided by Grafana?
- Demonstration of InfluxDB and Grafana using a practice web application
To view the webinar recording, go to:
https://www.rttsweb.com/jmeter-integration-webinar
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Neuro-symbolic is not enough, we need neuro-*semantic*Frank van Harmelen
Neuro-symbolic (NeSy) AI is on the rise. However, simply machine learning on just any symbolic structure is not sufficient to really harvest the gains of NeSy. These will only be gained when the symbolic structures have an actual semantics. I give an operational definition of semantics as “predictable inference”.
All of this illustrated with link prediction over knowledge graphs, but the argument is general.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)Ralf Eggert
In this presentation, we examine the challenges and limitations of relying too heavily on PHP frameworks in web development. We discuss the history of PHP and its frameworks to understand how this dependence has evolved. The focus will be on providing concrete tips and strategies to reduce reliance on these frameworks, based on real-world examples and practical considerations. The goal is to equip developers with the skills and knowledge to create more flexible and future-proof web applications. We'll explore the importance of maintaining autonomy in a rapidly changing tech landscape and how to make informed decisions in PHP development.
This talk is aimed at encouraging a more independent approach to using PHP frameworks, moving towards a more flexible and future-proof approach to PHP development.
PHP Frameworks: I want to break free (IPC Berlin 2024)
International Winter Wheat Improvement Program: breeding strategies and methodologies to develop stripe rust resistant germplasm
1. International Winter Wheat Improvement Program: breeding strategies and methodologies to develop stripe rust resistant germplasm A. Morgunov (CIMMYT-Turkey) B. Akin (CIMMYT-Turkey), Y. Kaya (B. Dagdas International Agric. Research Institute, Turkey) M. Keser (ICARDA-Turkey) K. Nazari (ICARDA-Syria) Z. Mert (Central Field Crop Research Institute, Turkey), R. Sharma (ICARDA-Uzbekistan) T. Wuletaw (ICARDA-Syria)
2.
3.
4. IWWIP operational network Location Yield Potential Drought Cold Stem Rust Yellow rust Leaf rust DH Quality Mol. Mark. Adapazari + Aleppo + + + + + Ankara + + + + Diyarbakir + + Edirne + + Erzurum + + + Eskisehir + + Konya + + Kastamonu + Mexico + + Samsun + +
5.
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7. Frequency of rusts reported in winter wheat int. nurseries Yellow Rust Leaf Rust Stem Rust In cooperation with R. McIntosh
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9. Severity of Yellow and Leaf rusts of Bezostaya 1 as compared to susceptible genotype, 1969-2010 Yellow Rust Leaf Rust Most Susceptible genotype Bezostaya 1 In cooperation with R. McIntosh