Improving tool life using cryogenic cooling
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
11 likes•4,421 views
This document discusses a study on improving tool life in machining stainless steel using cryogenic cooling. The methodology involved machining stainless steel with conventional coolant and liquid nitrogen coolant. Results found that cryogenic cooling substantially increased tool life, with improvements over 4 times at higher cutting speeds and feed rates. Cryogenic cooling was more effective at higher speeds and feeds where more heat is generated. In conclusions, the cryogenic cooling method effectively cooled cutting edges and increased tool life without polluting the environment.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
The heat affected zone in welding
This ppt is based upon the heat affected zone while welding is done on the metal. Also there is description of MIG & TIG welding.
Thermal aspects in machining
- The document discusses heat generation in machining and its effects, temperature measurement techniques, types and functions of cutting fluids, and economics of metal cutting operations.
- Heat is generated in three zones during machining: the primary deformation zone, tool-chip interface, and tool-workpiece interface. Heat depends on factors like material properties and cutting parameters.
- High temperatures can damage tools and workpieces. Cutting fluids help reduce temperatures by conduction and convection of heat away from the cutting zone.
- Temperature is commonly measured using tool-workpiece thermocouples, which generate electrical signals related to temperature at the cutting interface.
Case hardening
Case hardening is a surface hardening technique used to harden the outer surface of low-carbon steels. It involves adding carbon to the surface through carburizing or nitriding processes, then hardening the case. This produces a hard outer layer while leaving the soft inner core intact. Benefits include wear resistance on rotating parts like gears while maintaining the core's flexibility. Common methods are pack carburizing, gas carburizing, cyaniding, and nitriding.
Limit gauges
The document discusses different types of gauges used to check part dimensions, including:
1) Limit gauges which check that dimensions fall within upper and lower limits using "go" and "not go" gauges.
2) Plug, ring, taper, thread, form, radius, and feeler gauges which are used to check specific geometric features like holes, diameters, tapers, threads, profiles, radii, and clearances.
3) Indicating gauges which magnify dimensional deviations from specifications to precisely measure geometry and positioning of surfaces.
Weldability tests
Weldability testsSenior Research Fellow, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University
Just an Overview about the Weldability Tests. Types of tests, And two tests performed to check the weldability.machinability index.pptx
The document discusses tool wear, tool life, and machinability. It defines tool life as the useful cutting time before tool failure or need for resharpening. Tool wear is measured by flank wear and crater wear, and causes include attrition, diffusion, abrasion, and plastic deformation. Machinability is assessed based on surface finish, tool life, cutting forces, and chip control difficulty. Factors like material properties, cutting conditions, tool geometry, and lubrication affect tool wear and machinability.
Abrasive water jet machining
The document discusses abrasive water jet machining (AWJM), which is a non-traditional machining process that uses the mechanical energy of high-pressure water and abrasive particles to remove material. It defines AWJM and describes the entrained and suspended types of AWJM systems, explaining how high-pressure water and abrasives are used to erode materials. Applications of AWJM include cutting of soft materials, textiles, leather, frozen foods, and uses in surgery and mass immunization.
Unit 2 Machinability, Cutting Fluids, Tool Life & Wear, Tool Materials
Concept of machinability, machinability index, factors affecting machinability
Different mechanism of tool wear types of tool wear (crater, flank etc.), Measurement and control of tool wear
Concept of tool life, Taylor's tool life equation (including modified version)
Different tool materials and their applications including effect of tool coating
Introduction to economics of machining
Cutting fluids: types, properties, selection and application methods
Recommended
The heat affected zone in welding
This ppt is based upon the heat affected zone while welding is done on the metal. Also there is description of MIG & TIG welding.
Thermal aspects in machining
- The document discusses heat generation in machining and its effects, temperature measurement techniques, types and functions of cutting fluids, and economics of metal cutting operations.
- Heat is generated in three zones during machining: the primary deformation zone, tool-chip interface, and tool-workpiece interface. Heat depends on factors like material properties and cutting parameters.
- High temperatures can damage tools and workpieces. Cutting fluids help reduce temperatures by conduction and convection of heat away from the cutting zone.
- Temperature is commonly measured using tool-workpiece thermocouples, which generate electrical signals related to temperature at the cutting interface.
Case hardening
Case hardening is a surface hardening technique used to harden the outer surface of low-carbon steels. It involves adding carbon to the surface through carburizing or nitriding processes, then hardening the case. This produces a hard outer layer while leaving the soft inner core intact. Benefits include wear resistance on rotating parts like gears while maintaining the core's flexibility. Common methods are pack carburizing, gas carburizing, cyaniding, and nitriding.
Limit gauges
The document discusses different types of gauges used to check part dimensions, including:
1) Limit gauges which check that dimensions fall within upper and lower limits using "go" and "not go" gauges.
2) Plug, ring, taper, thread, form, radius, and feeler gauges which are used to check specific geometric features like holes, diameters, tapers, threads, profiles, radii, and clearances.
3) Indicating gauges which magnify dimensional deviations from specifications to precisely measure geometry and positioning of surfaces.
Weldability tests
Weldability testsSenior Research Fellow, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University
Just an Overview about the Weldability Tests. Types of tests, And two tests performed to check the weldability.machinability index.pptx
The document discusses tool wear, tool life, and machinability. It defines tool life as the useful cutting time before tool failure or need for resharpening. Tool wear is measured by flank wear and crater wear, and causes include attrition, diffusion, abrasion, and plastic deformation. Machinability is assessed based on surface finish, tool life, cutting forces, and chip control difficulty. Factors like material properties, cutting conditions, tool geometry, and lubrication affect tool wear and machinability.
Abrasive water jet machining
The document discusses abrasive water jet machining (AWJM), which is a non-traditional machining process that uses the mechanical energy of high-pressure water and abrasive particles to remove material. It defines AWJM and describes the entrained and suspended types of AWJM systems, explaining how high-pressure water and abrasives are used to erode materials. Applications of AWJM include cutting of soft materials, textiles, leather, frozen foods, and uses in surgery and mass immunization.
Unit 2 Machinability, Cutting Fluids, Tool Life & Wear, Tool Materials
Concept of machinability, machinability index, factors affecting machinability
Different mechanism of tool wear types of tool wear (crater, flank etc.), Measurement and control of tool wear
Concept of tool life, Taylor's tool life equation (including modified version)
Different tool materials and their applications including effect of tool coating
Introduction to economics of machining
Cutting fluids: types, properties, selection and application methods
Cryogenic ppt
cryogenic machining is a eco-friendly machining process so try to replace this process by conventional machining process.
Sheet Metal Forming
1. Sheet metal forming operations include bending, stretching, deep drawing, and other processes where sheets are formed. Bending involves shaping a straight length into a curve and can be done using presses or rolls.
2. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to shape flat sheets into cup-shaped parts. Stretch forming clamps sheet edges and stretches the sheet over a die into the desired shape.
3. Successful forming requires considering the material properties, die and process parameters to avoid defects like cracks, wrinkles, and non-uniform thinning. Minimum bend radii, lubrication, and holding pressure all impact the quality of formed parts.
Presentation on Automation in Welding
The document discusses various types of automation in welding processes including manual, semi-automatic, automatic, automated, remote, and robotic welding. It describes the key stages in a welding operation sequence and provides examples of different techniques used for automation in welding applications from the 1920s to present day. Specific automation techniques are highlighted for different welding processes based on factors like production volume and part geometry.
Wire drawing
The document provides an overview of the wire drawing process. It discusses how wire drawing works by pulling a wire through progressively smaller dies to reduce its diameter and increase its length. This cold working process improves the material properties of the wire. Key aspects covered include the types of drawing, processing parameters like die design and lubrication, how drawing machines operate using multiple dies, and common die materials like cemented carbides and industrial diamonds.
Dr.R.Narayanasamy - Power Point on Deep Drawing
This document discusses deep drawing, a sheet metal forming process where a punch is used to push a flat sheet into a die cavity. It describes the typical tool setup, components made via deep drawing like cups and conical shapes, and calculations for blank diameter. Stress patterns in different regions during drawing are explained. Factors affecting drawability and defects in formed components like wrinkling and bottom fracture are also summarized. Formulas for total punch force and drawability ratio are provided. Methods to improve drawability like redrawing and controlling texture are outlined.
FRICTION STIR WELDING PROJECT
Friction Stir welding combine the action of frictional heating and mechanical deformation due to a rotating tool. The advantages of Friction Stir welding over arc welding is as follows:-
1) High quality weld can be achieved
2) Absence of solidification cracking
3) Lower apparent energy input
4) Less distortion and residual stress
Friction stir welding
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process (the metal is not melted) that uses a third body tool to join two facing surfaces.
Abhi ultrasonic
Ultrasonic welding is a solid state welding process that uses high-frequency vibrations to weld materials together without melting them. The process involves applying static pressure to the workpieces while a sonotrode transmits ultrasonic vibrations parallel to the welding interface. This causes localized plastic deformation and heating through friction at the interface, producing a weld. Ultrasonic welding is used to join thin materials and can weld dissimilar metals. It has advantages like minimized heat affected zones and ability to weld delicate materials. Applications include electronics, automotive, medical devices, and packaging.
Welding automation ppt
Arcraft provides automated welding systems to improve welding quality and productivity while reducing costs. Their equipment includes welding oscillators, positioners, guns, columns, booms, cross slides, lathes, turntables, wire feeders, seam trackers, and tank rotators. These systems automate welding to enhance the working environment. Features include precision mechanisms, enclosure, controllability, stroke control, and duplication elimination. The document provides details on various automation equipment and their advantages in improving welding processes.
Metal Forming & Shaping: Lecture Introduction
The document introduces metal forming processes. It defines metal forming as shaping metallic materials through plastic deformation, where the shape changes permanently in contrast to elastic deformation. It describes bulk deformation processes as involving large plastic deformation without changing volume. These include hot working like forging above the recrystallization temperature for easier forming, and cold working like rolling at room temperature for better accuracy. Sheet forming processes change the shape but not the cross-section, operating on thin metal sheets using stamping presses.
Friction stir welding
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process that uses a rotating cylindrical tool to join two facing workpieces without melting them. As the non-consumable tool made of highly wear resistant material is rotated and slowly plunged into the material to be joined, friction generated between the shoulder and pin of the tool and the workpieces produces sufficient heat to cause the material to soften without reaching its melting point. This allows it to be joined by mechanical mixing/forging of the material in the plastic state. Three main zones are affected - the shoulder affected zone, pin affected zone, and thermo-mechanically affected zone. Heat is generated primarily through friction at the tool shoulder and plastic deformation. Material flow occurs as material is
Upset forging and die design
This document summarizes upset forging and die design. Upset forging is a hot forging process that increases the diameter of a workpiece by compressing its length, typically starting with a wire or rod. It consists of multiple cavities in a die to allow for mass production. Proper die design is important to achieve defect-free forging. The document outlines the principle, construction, die design rules, advantages such as higher strength and productivity, limitations such as maximum diameter, and applications like nuts, bolts, and engine valves.
Gear finishing process
Gear finishing processes are necessary to produce accurate, smooth gear teeth after initial formation. The main gear finishing processes are gear shaving, burnishing, grinding, lapping, and honing. Gear shaving involves running a gear against a cutter to scrape off irregularities. Gear burnishing plastically moves excess material during rolling. Gear grinding is the most accurate but also the most expensive method. Lapping and honing use abrasives to remove burrs and irregularities from heat treated gears in a faster process than other methods.
Welded joint.pptx
This document discusses the design of welded joints. It begins by defining welding and describing the two main applications of welded joints. It then lists several advantages of welded joints over riveted joints, including lower weight, cost, and ability to be modified. The document also discusses advantages over cast structures. It describes different welding processes and types of welded joints. It provides formulas for calculating the strength of butt, parallel fillet, and transverse fillet welds. Finally, it includes examples of calculations for determining required weld lengths.
Plastic welding
This document discusses different types of plastic welding. It describes five main types: hot gas plastic welding, laser welding, hot plate plastic welding, ultrasonic plastic welding, and friction welding. For each type, it provides details on the welding process and how heat is applied to fuse plastic materials. The document also covers the advantages of plastic welding, such as its speed, cleanliness, and ability to create permanent welds. Disadvantages include the permanence of welds and costs associated with some methods. Applications are in automotive and other industries where plastic welding provides a fast, lightweight joining method.
Metal cutting 1
This chapter aims to provide basic backgrounds of different types of machining processes and highlights on an understanding of important parameters which affects machining of metals with their chip removals.
Metal cutting or Machining is the process of producing workpiece by removing unwanted material from a block of metal. in the form of chips. This process is most important since almost all the products get their final shape and size by metal removal. either directly or indirectly.
The major drawback of the process is loss of material in the form of chips. In this chapter. we shall have a fundamental understanding of the basic metal process.
Carburizing
Presentation on Carburizing (Heat Treatment Process).
Presented To,
Engr. Ubaid-ur-Rehman Ghouri, Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, UET Lahore (RCET Campus).
Presented By,
Muhammad Zeeshan
Zahid Mehmood
Ali Iqbal
Muhammad Waqas
Theory of metal cutting-module II
1. The document discusses thermal aspects of machining including cutting temperatures, tool materials, tool wear, and cutting fluids.
2. Cutting temperatures can reach up to 6000C at the tool-chip interface and have a controlling influence on tool wear and friction.
3. High cutting temperatures reduce tool life, pose safety hazards to hot chips, and can cause workpiece inaccuracies due to thermal expansion.
Oxy acetylene welding
This document discusses oxyacetylene welding (OAW). OAW uses oxygen and acetylene gases to produce a high temperature flame for welding. The equipment needed includes oxygen and acetylene gas cylinders, pressure regulators to reduce the gas pressures, hoses to carry the gases to the torch, and check valves and flashback arrestors for safety. There are three types of oxyacetylene flames - neutral, oxidizing, and carburizing - which are produced by adjusting the ratio of oxygen to acetylene. The document provides details on setting up and using the equipment safely and properly for OAW.
Drawing Processes in Manufacturing
This presentation describes about drawing process, defects and applications with illustrative diagrams
Cryogenic technology best ppt
Cryogenic technology involves producing and studying materials and behaviors at very low temperatures below -150°C. It has various applications including rocket engines, power transmission, food storage, medical uses, sensors, and electronics. The presenter discusses the history and development of cryogenic technology, applications like its use in rocket engines, advantages like high energy density, limitations like low temperatures and leakages, and the future prospects of this field. India has independently developed cryogenic engine technology after initial difficulties in obtaining it from Russia in the 1990s.
Review of the cryogenic machining in turning and milling process
Abstract Cryogenic Coolents are used in conventional machining in material removing process can increase tool life, better surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and reduce the cutting temp. Main objectives of this paper is to understand the cryogenic machining operations. Various research scholar has done the experimental investigation on the cryogenic coolants in different materials in turning and milling Process,. At the end of the review obsrved that cryogenic coolant is most favourable methods for material cutting operations in various aspects for future research is proposed. Key Words: Cryogenic coolents and Machining, Literature Review, cryogenic LN2Setup, cryogenic CO2 Setup,
More Related Content
What's hot
Cryogenic ppt
cryogenic machining is a eco-friendly machining process so try to replace this process by conventional machining process.
Sheet Metal Forming
1. Sheet metal forming operations include bending, stretching, deep drawing, and other processes where sheets are formed. Bending involves shaping a straight length into a curve and can be done using presses or rolls.
2. Deep drawing uses a die and punch to shape flat sheets into cup-shaped parts. Stretch forming clamps sheet edges and stretches the sheet over a die into the desired shape.
3. Successful forming requires considering the material properties, die and process parameters to avoid defects like cracks, wrinkles, and non-uniform thinning. Minimum bend radii, lubrication, and holding pressure all impact the quality of formed parts.
Presentation on Automation in Welding
The document discusses various types of automation in welding processes including manual, semi-automatic, automatic, automated, remote, and robotic welding. It describes the key stages in a welding operation sequence and provides examples of different techniques used for automation in welding applications from the 1920s to present day. Specific automation techniques are highlighted for different welding processes based on factors like production volume and part geometry.
Wire drawing
The document provides an overview of the wire drawing process. It discusses how wire drawing works by pulling a wire through progressively smaller dies to reduce its diameter and increase its length. This cold working process improves the material properties of the wire. Key aspects covered include the types of drawing, processing parameters like die design and lubrication, how drawing machines operate using multiple dies, and common die materials like cemented carbides and industrial diamonds.
Dr.R.Narayanasamy - Power Point on Deep Drawing
This document discusses deep drawing, a sheet metal forming process where a punch is used to push a flat sheet into a die cavity. It describes the typical tool setup, components made via deep drawing like cups and conical shapes, and calculations for blank diameter. Stress patterns in different regions during drawing are explained. Factors affecting drawability and defects in formed components like wrinkling and bottom fracture are also summarized. Formulas for total punch force and drawability ratio are provided. Methods to improve drawability like redrawing and controlling texture are outlined.
FRICTION STIR WELDING PROJECT
Friction Stir welding combine the action of frictional heating and mechanical deformation due to a rotating tool. The advantages of Friction Stir welding over arc welding is as follows:-
1) High quality weld can be achieved
2) Absence of solidification cracking
3) Lower apparent energy input
4) Less distortion and residual stress
Friction stir welding
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process (the metal is not melted) that uses a third body tool to join two facing surfaces.
Abhi ultrasonic
Ultrasonic welding is a solid state welding process that uses high-frequency vibrations to weld materials together without melting them. The process involves applying static pressure to the workpieces while a sonotrode transmits ultrasonic vibrations parallel to the welding interface. This causes localized plastic deformation and heating through friction at the interface, producing a weld. Ultrasonic welding is used to join thin materials and can weld dissimilar metals. It has advantages like minimized heat affected zones and ability to weld delicate materials. Applications include electronics, automotive, medical devices, and packaging.
Welding automation ppt
Arcraft provides automated welding systems to improve welding quality and productivity while reducing costs. Their equipment includes welding oscillators, positioners, guns, columns, booms, cross slides, lathes, turntables, wire feeders, seam trackers, and tank rotators. These systems automate welding to enhance the working environment. Features include precision mechanisms, enclosure, controllability, stroke control, and duplication elimination. The document provides details on various automation equipment and their advantages in improving welding processes.
Metal Forming & Shaping: Lecture Introduction
The document introduces metal forming processes. It defines metal forming as shaping metallic materials through plastic deformation, where the shape changes permanently in contrast to elastic deformation. It describes bulk deformation processes as involving large plastic deformation without changing volume. These include hot working like forging above the recrystallization temperature for easier forming, and cold working like rolling at room temperature for better accuracy. Sheet forming processes change the shape but not the cross-section, operating on thin metal sheets using stamping presses.
Friction stir welding
Friction stir welding is a solid state joining process that uses a rotating cylindrical tool to join two facing workpieces without melting them. As the non-consumable tool made of highly wear resistant material is rotated and slowly plunged into the material to be joined, friction generated between the shoulder and pin of the tool and the workpieces produces sufficient heat to cause the material to soften without reaching its melting point. This allows it to be joined by mechanical mixing/forging of the material in the plastic state. Three main zones are affected - the shoulder affected zone, pin affected zone, and thermo-mechanically affected zone. Heat is generated primarily through friction at the tool shoulder and plastic deformation. Material flow occurs as material is
Upset forging and die design
This document summarizes upset forging and die design. Upset forging is a hot forging process that increases the diameter of a workpiece by compressing its length, typically starting with a wire or rod. It consists of multiple cavities in a die to allow for mass production. Proper die design is important to achieve defect-free forging. The document outlines the principle, construction, die design rules, advantages such as higher strength and productivity, limitations such as maximum diameter, and applications like nuts, bolts, and engine valves.
Gear finishing process
Gear finishing processes are necessary to produce accurate, smooth gear teeth after initial formation. The main gear finishing processes are gear shaving, burnishing, grinding, lapping, and honing. Gear shaving involves running a gear against a cutter to scrape off irregularities. Gear burnishing plastically moves excess material during rolling. Gear grinding is the most accurate but also the most expensive method. Lapping and honing use abrasives to remove burrs and irregularities from heat treated gears in a faster process than other methods.
Welded joint.pptx
This document discusses the design of welded joints. It begins by defining welding and describing the two main applications of welded joints. It then lists several advantages of welded joints over riveted joints, including lower weight, cost, and ability to be modified. The document also discusses advantages over cast structures. It describes different welding processes and types of welded joints. It provides formulas for calculating the strength of butt, parallel fillet, and transverse fillet welds. Finally, it includes examples of calculations for determining required weld lengths.
Plastic welding
This document discusses different types of plastic welding. It describes five main types: hot gas plastic welding, laser welding, hot plate plastic welding, ultrasonic plastic welding, and friction welding. For each type, it provides details on the welding process and how heat is applied to fuse plastic materials. The document also covers the advantages of plastic welding, such as its speed, cleanliness, and ability to create permanent welds. Disadvantages include the permanence of welds and costs associated with some methods. Applications are in automotive and other industries where plastic welding provides a fast, lightweight joining method.
Metal cutting 1
This chapter aims to provide basic backgrounds of different types of machining processes and highlights on an understanding of important parameters which affects machining of metals with their chip removals.
Metal cutting or Machining is the process of producing workpiece by removing unwanted material from a block of metal. in the form of chips. This process is most important since almost all the products get their final shape and size by metal removal. either directly or indirectly.
The major drawback of the process is loss of material in the form of chips. In this chapter. we shall have a fundamental understanding of the basic metal process.
Carburizing
Presentation on Carburizing (Heat Treatment Process).
Presented To,
Engr. Ubaid-ur-Rehman Ghouri, Department of Industrial & Manufacturing Engineering, UET Lahore (RCET Campus).
Presented By,
Muhammad Zeeshan
Zahid Mehmood
Ali Iqbal
Muhammad Waqas
Theory of metal cutting-module II
1. The document discusses thermal aspects of machining including cutting temperatures, tool materials, tool wear, and cutting fluids.
2. Cutting temperatures can reach up to 6000C at the tool-chip interface and have a controlling influence on tool wear and friction.
3. High cutting temperatures reduce tool life, pose safety hazards to hot chips, and can cause workpiece inaccuracies due to thermal expansion.
Oxy acetylene welding
This document discusses oxyacetylene welding (OAW). OAW uses oxygen and acetylene gases to produce a high temperature flame for welding. The equipment needed includes oxygen and acetylene gas cylinders, pressure regulators to reduce the gas pressures, hoses to carry the gases to the torch, and check valves and flashback arrestors for safety. There are three types of oxyacetylene flames - neutral, oxidizing, and carburizing - which are produced by adjusting the ratio of oxygen to acetylene. The document provides details on setting up and using the equipment safely and properly for OAW.
Drawing Processes in Manufacturing
This presentation describes about drawing process, defects and applications with illustrative diagrams
What's hot (20)
Viewers also liked
Cryogenic technology best ppt
Cryogenic technology involves producing and studying materials and behaviors at very low temperatures below -150°C. It has various applications including rocket engines, power transmission, food storage, medical uses, sensors, and electronics. The presenter discusses the history and development of cryogenic technology, applications like its use in rocket engines, advantages like high energy density, limitations like low temperatures and leakages, and the future prospects of this field. India has independently developed cryogenic engine technology after initial difficulties in obtaining it from Russia in the 1990s.
Review of the cryogenic machining in turning and milling process
Abstract Cryogenic Coolents are used in conventional machining in material removing process can increase tool life, better surface finish, dimensional accuracy, and reduce the cutting temp. Main objectives of this paper is to understand the cryogenic machining operations. Various research scholar has done the experimental investigation on the cryogenic coolants in different materials in turning and milling Process,. At the end of the review obsrved that cryogenic coolant is most favourable methods for material cutting operations in various aspects for future research is proposed. Key Words: Cryogenic coolents and Machining, Literature Review, cryogenic LN2Setup, cryogenic CO2 Setup,
Cryogenics and its Basic knowledge
This presentation deals with the basic knowledge and easy concept of cryogenics that can help to bring up your basic knowledge about cryogenics.
This basically contains the history and applications of cryogenic technology.
cryogenic grinding pdf
This document is a seminar report on cryogenic grinding submitted by Himanshu Tiwari to fulfill requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree. Cryogenic grinding uses very low temperatures produced by liquid nitrogen to embrittle materials, making them easier to grind into smaller particles. Experimental studies showed cryogenic grinding of herbs resulted in 15.6% average increase in active constituents compared to normal grinding methods. Cryogenic grinding has applications in processing materials like steel, plastics, adhesives, spices and explosives due to advantages like reduced wear on equipment and ability to grind difficult composite materials.
Cryogenic hardening
Cryogenic hardening is a heat treatment process where metal is cooled to approximately -185°C. The process involves austenitizing the metal by heating it, quenching it to form martensite, and then cryogenically treating it at very low temperatures. This results in metallurgical changes like the transformation of retained austenite to martensite and the precipitation of fine carbides. Cryogenic hardening improves properties like wear resistance, reduces stresses, and increases part life. It is used to treat items like gun barrels, cutting tools, dental/surgical instruments, and engine parts.
Cryogenic technology best ppt
Cryogenic technology involves producing and studying materials and behaviors at very low temperatures below -150°C. It has various applications including in rocket engines. The presenter discusses the history of cryogenic technology, its applications in areas like rocket propulsion, electricity transmission, food storage, and healthcare. Challenges in developing cryogenic engines for India are described. Advantages include high energy density but limitations include complex storage and leakage issues. Future developments may include ion engines and alternative propulsion methods.
Cutting fluids,Uses,Effects over humans
Hear you can find
=>What is actually cutting fluid?
=>How they are in categories ?
=>How they are used ?
=>Effect over human body ?
=>how can you over come from them?
Cryogenic technology
Cryogenic technology involves using rocket propellants at extremely low temperatures. Liquid oxygen and hydrogen offer the highest energy efficiency for rocket engines. Some applications of cryogenic technology include space vehicles, grinding, superconductivity, food industry, and body preservation. The United States was the first to develop cryogenic rocket engines using liquid oxygen and hydrogen. India has also successfully launched rockets using cryogenic technology. The process involves pressurizing and pumping liquid nitrogen for cooling before combustion in the engine's nozzle. Advantages include high energy per unit mass of propellants, clean combustion producing only water vapor, and low cost of liquid oxygen compared to other fuels.
cryogenic engine ppt by santosh
This document provides an overview of cryogenic rocket engines. It discusses that cryogenic fuels require storage at extremely low temperatures to remain liquid, and the most widely used combination is liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen. The major components of cryogenic rocket engines are described, including the combustion chamber, injectors, pumps, valves and tanks. Advantages are high energy density and clean, non-toxic exhaust, while challenges include difficulties storing cryogenic liquids for long periods. Common applications are in rockets utilizing these high-performance fuels.
Cryogenic grinding
Cryogenic grinding in food is a very new technique. It has a vast advantages over the conventional grinding process. This presentation contents a brief introduction about conventional grinding, different types of grinders and problems of conventional grinders. Its also describe a brief introduction about cryogenic grinding, its components, uses and various advantages.
LinkedIn SlideShare: Knowledge, Well-Presented
70 million professionals use LinkedIn SlideShare to learn about any topic quickly and stand out.
The World Of Commissary Cook Chill
The document discusses the process of cook chill production in a commissary kitchen. It describes receiving over 10,000 shrimp in 13 boxes of 20 pounds each. The shrimp are cooked in a large kettle then chilled and stored in a cooler for future use. The commissary kitchen focuses on food safety, sanitation, recipe development, and using equipment properly to efficiently produce meals through cook chill for distribution.
Icumi 2012 sultan
Electrostatic cooling is a potential environmentally friendly alternative to cutting fluids in machining processes. It works by ionizing an airflow or fine droplets of lubricant through electrostatic charging. Studies have shown it can improve tool life, reduce cutting forces, and improve surface finish and geometry accuracy compared to dry or conventional wet machining. While promising, more research is still needed on its potentials and applications for different materials and processes. In summary, electrostatic cooling is a green machining technique that shows improvements over traditional cooling methods.
Prajit
This document presents a seminar report on dry and near dry electrical discharge machining (EDM). EDM uses electric sparks to erode material away from a conductive workpiece. Dry EDM replaces the liquid dielectric fluid with gas, which avoids issues with liquid fluids but causes lower material removal rates and tool overheating. Near dry EDM uses a liquid-gas mixture as the dielectric to improve material removal rates over dry EDM while avoiding debris deposition issues of wet EDM. The document discusses the EDM process, developments in dry and near dry EDM, their applications in prototype production and broken tool removal, and concludes that near dry EDM improves performance issues of dry EDM.
Cryogenic rocket engine
Cryogenics is the study of materials at very low temperatures below -150°C. Cryogenic rocket engines use cryogenic fuels like liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen that must be stored at extremely cold temperatures to remain liquid. The first country to use a cryogenic engine was the USA in 1963, while Russia developed its own in 1983. India has successfully developed its own cryogenic upper stage powered by the CE-7.5 cryogenic engine. Cryogenic engines offer very high energy density and clean, economical propellants but also present challenges related to storage and handling of the cryogenic liquids.
Chato low gravity cryogenic liquid acquisition for space exploration 2014
NASA is currently developing propulsion system concepts for human exploration. These propulsion concepts will require the vapor free acquisition and delivery of the cryogenic propellants stored in the propulsion tanks during periods of microgravity to the exploration vehicles engines. Propellant management devices (PMD’s), such as screen channel capillary liquid acquisition devices (LAD’s), vanes and sponges currently are used for earth storable propellants in the Space Shuttle Orbiter and other spacecraft propulsion systems, but only very limited propellant management capability currently exists for cryogenic propellants. NASA is developing PMD technology as a part of their cryogenic propellant storage and transfer (CPST) project. System concept studies are looking at the key factors that dictate the size and shape of PMD devices and established screen channel LADs as an important component of PMD design. Normal gravity experiments and modeling are studying the behavior of the flow in LAD channel assemblies (as opposed to only prior testing of screen samples ) at the flow rates representative of actual engine service. Recently testing of LAD channels in liquid Hydrogen was completed. Three different types of test were conducted: Measurement of the pressure drop for flow through a one inch diameter screen sample; Measurement of the pressure drop in a horizontally-mounted rectangular LAD channel assembly at flow rates representative of a main engine firing; and determination of bubble breakthrough for flow into a partially-immersed vertically-mounted LAD channel. This presentation will present an overview of low gravity cryogenic liquid acquisition strategies, review the findings of this recent test series, and discuss the implications of the testing and studies to exploration mission concepts.
Cook chill
This document discusses cook-chill catering systems. It explains that cook-chill involves conventionally cooking food, rapidly chilling it below 4°C, storing or transporting it chilled between 0-3°C, and reheating it just before serving. Food is blast chilled after cooking for rapid cooling. When reheated properly in specialized equipment, chilled foods can be regenerated without becoming overcooked on the outside or staying cold in the center. Large centralized production units function like factories to produce chilled foods that are then stored and regenerated in satellite kitchens as needed.
Tool wear & Tool life / Machinability / Surface roughness
The document discusses tool wear, types of tool wear including flank wear, crater wear and nose wear. It describes how tool wear occurs and the factors affecting tool wear and tool life. These factors include cutting speed, feed rate, depth of cut, tool geometry, tool and work material, cutting fluids, and rigidity of machine tool. The document also discusses machinability, factors affecting machinability, evaluation of machinability, and measurement of surface roughness.
04 metal cutting(1)
This document provides an overview of metal cutting theory and processes. It discusses orthogonal and oblique cutting, types of cutting tools including single point and multipoint tools, tool geometry and signatures. It also covers mechanics of metal cutting including shear angle and chip formation, tool materials, tool wear and tool life, factors affecting machining, and types of metal cutting processes and chips. Cutting fluid types and applications are also summarized.
Cryogenics
Cryogenics is the study of very low temperatures below -150°C and how materials behave at those temperatures. During World War II, scientists found that metals frozen to low temperatures showed more resistance to wear. A Dewar flask provides very good thermal insulation and is commonly used to store liquid nitrogen in laboratories. Liquid nitrogen boils at -196°C and is useful for many applications. Liquid helium exists only at 4K and is used to produce superconducting magnets. A superfluid has no viscosity and infinite thermal conductivity, allowing it to flow uncontrollably. MRI machines and electric power transmission use cryogenics.
Viewers also liked (20)
Review of the cryogenic machining in turning and milling process
Review of the cryogenic machining in turning and milling process
Chato low gravity cryogenic liquid acquisition for space exploration 2014
Chato low gravity cryogenic liquid acquisition for space exploration 2014
Tool wear & Tool life / Machinability / Surface roughness
Tool wear & Tool life / Machinability / Surface roughness
Similar to Improving tool life using cryogenic cooling
Issues related to machining of hard materials
The document discusses issues related to machining hard materials and potential solutions. Primary issues include vibrations, high pressure forces, reduced accuracy, increased heat, difficult chip formation, costly tool materials, and long machining times. Solutions proposed are applying coatings to tools to increase tool life, using modified tool geometries, applying high pressure coolant, and ensuring machine rigidity. Alternatives to conventional turning and milling discussed include laser melting, EDM, dry machining, and minimum quantity lubrication.
Cryogenic Machining
The document discusses cryogenic machining, which uses liquid nitrogen as a coolant instead of conventional cutting fluids. It provides background on the history and development of cryogenic machining. Key benefits identified include increased tool life, higher material removal rates, improved surface finish, and reduced manufacturing costs. The document outlines the cryogenic machining process and analyzes factors like tool wear, cutting forces, surface roughness, and economic impacts. Results showed that cryogenic machining yielded the best tool life and lower forces compared to other methods.
Experimental Analysis using Established Parameters for Cryogenic Treatment on...
The experimental analysis on cutting tool material is done with referring the established parameters for Cryogenic Treatment. The pilot experimentation is carried out using the Conventional heat treated tool bits as supplied condition and Cryogenic treated tools. The three grades of high speed steel are identified for the investigation purpose and for pilot experimentation H.S.S. T42 grade is selected. The tool material procured is strictly as per the grade specifications for the investigation of effect of cryogenic treatment on tool life. The established parameters for cryogenic treatment are identified referring to previous published research and machining parameters as per the industry specifications. The pilot experimentation using Untreated and treated tools are subjected to turning operation on CNC turning center for a definite work material and machining parameters such as cutting speed, feed and depth of cut are identified. Single point cutting Tool geometry is maintained as per the tool signature and length of the tool is maintained as per the limitations of the machine. The Surface Roughness of the machined work piece is measured using the Taylor Hob-son Surface Roughness tester and the Tool wear is measured using the Tool Makers microscope. The results are tabulated. An experimental effort to understand the effect of Untreated and Cryogenic treated tool on the tool life is the outcome of this paper. The outcome of this paper forms the basis of experimentation using the Orthogonal array for all the selected grades of the material.
Investigation of surface roughness in machining of aisi 1040 steel
This document summarizes an investigation into the surface roughness of AISI 1040 steel when machined under dry, wet, and cryogenic conditions. Turning experiments were conducted using varied cutting speeds, feeds, and depths of cut. Surface roughness was measured and found to generally decrease with cryogenic machining compared to dry and wet machining. Cryogenic machining resulted in a 7.54-19.52% reduction in surface roughness compared to wet machining. The cryogenic machining process involved dipping the workpiece in liquid nitrogen before turning, and this led to improved surface finish over the other conditions tested, especially at higher feed rates.
RRP MID SEM ATUL.pptx
The document summarizes various cooling and lubrication techniques used in machining difficult-to-cut materials like titanium alloys and nickel alloys. It discusses dry machining, conventional cooling, high-pressure cooling and nano-minimum quantity lubrication (MQL) techniques. Experimental results show that dry machining leads to high tool wear due to heat accumulation. Conventional cooling provides some benefits but its effectiveness reduces at high speeds. High-pressure cooling helps reduce tool wear compared to other techniques but requires high energy. Nano-MQL mixing nanoparticles into cutting oil enhances thermal conductivity and lubrication, lowering tool wear.
A Review on the Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Metals
This document reviews the effect of cryogenic treatment on metals. Cryogenic treatment involves cooling conventionally hardened metals to sub-zero temperatures, usually using liquid nitrogen at -196°C, and holding for 12-48 hours before controlled warming. This treatment improves several metal properties by reducing retained austenite content and facilitating formation of finer carbides in martensite. Studies have found cryogenic treatment increases hardness, wear resistance, ductility and toughness of metals like tool steels, carburized steels and cast irons. However, the exact mechanisms are still unclear. The document outlines the cryogenic treatment process and reviews several studies finding benefits like increased tool hardness and wear resistance after treatment.
INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN MACHINING OF AISI 1040 STEEL
This paper presents the optimized method of machining process for improved surface finish of AISI 1040 steel
which was turned under dry, wet (SAE 90 soluble oil) and cryogenic (dip in LN2) condition. The surface roughness was
measured using Surtronic 3+.The values of surface roughness for each of the machining process were plotted with variant
feed rate. Cryogenic machining showed remarkable reduction in surface roughness compared to both dry and wet
machining especially at high feed rates. The percentage reduction in surface roughness observed in cryogenic machining compared to wet machining was 7.54%-19.52%.
Dry Machining
This seminar report discusses dry machining as an alternative to conventional wet machining. Wet machining utilizes cutting fluids that generate waste and pollution. Dry machining aims to eliminate cutting fluids. However, dry machining is challenging due to high temperatures that reduce tool life and damage workpiece surfaces. Strategies to enable successful dry machining include using advanced tool materials and coatings, minimum quantity lubrication, cryogenic cooling, and thermoelectric cooling. Dry machining has applications in machining various materials and processes, and offers advantages like waste elimination and improved productivity.
04 main
Cryogenic processing involves cooling metals to temperatures below -150°C. This makes changes to the crystal structure that enhance properties like abrasion and fatigue resistance. In ferrous metals, it converts retained austenite to martensite and promotes precipitation of very fine carbides. These improve wear characteristics. Cryogenic processing is not a coating and affects the entire material volume. It can increase tool life by 2-3 times and improve dimensional stability and fatigue resistance of metals.
Machinability assessment in turning of inconel 718 nickel base super alloys a...
This document reviews the machinability of Inconel 718, a nickel-base super alloy that is difficult to machine. It discusses how Inconel 718's properties like high hardness and low thermal conductivity lead to high cutting temperatures that make it challenging to cut. The document then summarizes research on different cutting tools used for machining Inconel 718, including coated carbides, cubic boron nitride, and ceramic tools. It provides details on how each tool type performs at various speeds and feeds when turning Inconel 718.
MACHINABILITY ASSESSMENT IN TURNING OF INCONEL 718 NICKEL-BASE SUPER ALLOYS: ...
Inconel 718 is nickel-base super alloys known as one of the most difficult to cut material because of the properties high hardness, high strength at high temperature, affinity to react with the tool materials and low thermal diffusivity. In this paper attempt has been made to review recent work and key improvements in machinability and machining characteristics of inconel 718.
ISOTHERMAL FORGING
Isothermal forging represents a possible alternative to produce near net and net shape forgings.The basic principle of isothermal forging consists of a plastic forming process during which die and work piece temperatures are identical or very similar.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
journal publishing, how to publish research paper, Call For research paper, international journal, publishing a paper, IJERD, journal of science and technology, how to get a research paper published, publishing a paper, publishing of journal, publishing of research paper, reserach and review articles, IJERD Journal, How to publish your research paper, publish research paper, open access engineering journal, Engineering journal, Mathemetics journal, Physics journal, Chemistry journal, Computer Engineering, Computer Science journal, how to submit your paper, peer reviw journal, indexed journal, reserach and review articles, engineering journal, www.ijerd.com, research journals,
yahoo journals, bing journals, International Journal of Engineering Research and Development, google journals, hard copy of journal
Performance of high pressure coolant on tool wear
This document summarizes a study that investigated the effect of high pressure coolant on tool wear during turning operations of EN8 steel. The study found that using a high pressure coolant of 70 bar resulted in less tool wear compared to a low pressure coolant of 10 bar. Specifically, with the high pressure coolant, the tool was able to machine 520 components with a surface roughness value of 1.521 μm, whereas with the low pressure coolant the tool could only machine 160 components with a roughness of 2.923 μm. Scanning electron microscope images also showed less wear on the tool tip when using the high pressure coolant. Therefore, the study demonstrated that high pressure coolant can significantly reduce tool wear during turning hard metals
Analysis and Improvement of Distortion of Lathe Machine Main Spindle
This document analyzes the distortion of lathe machine main spindles and proposes improvements through a sub-zero heat treatment process. It begins by describing how lathe spindles made of En353 steel undergo distortion from high stresses during conventional heat treatment. The document then details the conventional heat treatment process and proposes applying a sub-zero treatment instead. Samples are tested with microstructures analyzed and hardness measured. Results show the sub-zero treated sample has lower retained austenite, higher hardness, and improved dimensional stability compared to conventional treatment. The document concludes the sub-zero treatment is an effective way to reduce distortion in lathe machine main spindles.
A025501015
This document summarizes research investigating the effects of cryogenic treatment, hardening, and multiple tempering on the wear behavior of D6 tool steel. The study subjected D6 tool steel samples to various heat treatment combinations, including hardening at 1020°C, tempering at 210°C, and cryogenic treatment at -185°C. Pin-on-disk testing was used to evaluate the wear resistance and hardness of the treated samples. The results showed that cryogenic treatment improved wear resistance and hardness by reducing retained austenite and producing a more homogeneous carbide distribution. Additional tempering, whether before or after cryogenic treatment, further increased wear resistance and hardness by transforming more retained austenite to mart
Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on surface integrity and dimensional stabi...
Deep cryogenic treatment of D2 tool steel at -1930°C following conventional heat treatment improves surface roughness and hardness slightly. Microstructural analysis shows more uniform precipitation of fine secondary carbides in cryogenically treated samples. Dimensional testing of navy C-rings reveals that while size distortion is similar, shape distortion increases more after deep cryogenic treatment compared to conventional heat treatment alone. The higher distortion is attributed to section sensitivity of D2 tool steel and incomplete relief of thermal stresses induced during deep cryogenic processing.
Influence of Cooling Technique on Tool Wear in Turning of Titanium Alloy Ti-6...
This document discusses a study that investigated the influence of different cooling techniques (dry, flooded, and minimum quantity lubrication or MQL) on tool wear during the turning of titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V. The study used Taguchi's design of experiments methodology to determine the optimal cutting parameters and cooling technique to minimize tool wear. Experiments were conducted using three different carbide tool inserts under dry, flooded, and MQL cooling conditions. The results showed that MQL resulted in less tool wear compared to dry and flooded conditions, especially at higher cutting speeds. Analysis also indicated that uncoated tools performed better than coated tools under all cooling conditions.
Cold Gun Aircoolant System
EXAIR’s Cold Air Guns use filtered compressed air (80-100 PSIG) and vortex tube technology to produce sub-zero air for industrial spot cooling. Replace messy mist systems - improve dry machining with clean, cold air!
Determining the influence of cutting fluids on tool wear and surface roughnes...
Knowledge of the performance of cutting fluids in machining different work materials is
of critical importance in order to improve the efficiency of any machining process. The
efficiency can be evaluated based on certain process parameters such as flank wear, surface
roughness on the work piece, cutting forces developed, temperature developed at the tool
chip interface, etc. The objective of this work is to determine the influence of cutting fluids
on tool wear and surface roughness during turning of AISI 304 with carbide tool. Further
an attempt has been made to identify the influence of coconut oil in reducing the tool
wear and surface roughness during turning process. The performance of coconut oil is also
being compared with another two cutting fluids namely an emulsion and a neat cutting oil
(immiscible with water). The results indicated that in general, coconut oil performed better
than the other two cutting fluids in reducing the tool wear and improving the surface finish.
Coconut oil has been used as one of the cutting fluids in this work because of its thermal
and oxidative stability which is being comparable to other vegetable-based cutting fluids
used in the metal cutting industry.
Similar to Improving tool life using cryogenic cooling (20)
Experimental Analysis using Established Parameters for Cryogenic Treatment on...
Experimental Analysis using Established Parameters for Cryogenic Treatment on...
Investigation of surface roughness in machining of aisi 1040 steel
Investigation of surface roughness in machining of aisi 1040 steel
A Review on the Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Metals
A Review on the Effect of Cryogenic Treatment on Metals
INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN MACHINING OF AISI 1040 STEEL
INVESTIGATION OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS IN MACHINING OF AISI 1040 STEEL
Machinability assessment in turning of inconel 718 nickel base super alloys a...
Machinability assessment in turning of inconel 718 nickel base super alloys a...
MACHINABILITY ASSESSMENT IN TURNING OF INCONEL 718 NICKEL-BASE SUPER ALLOYS: ...
MACHINABILITY ASSESSMENT IN TURNING OF INCONEL 718 NICKEL-BASE SUPER ALLOYS: ...
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
International Journal of Engineering Research and Development (IJERD)
Analysis and Improvement of Distortion of Lathe Machine Main Spindle
Analysis and Improvement of Distortion of Lathe Machine Main Spindle
Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on surface integrity and dimensional stabi...
Effect of deep cryogenic treatment on surface integrity and dimensional stabi...
Influence of Cooling Technique on Tool Wear in Turning of Titanium Alloy Ti-6...
Influence of Cooling Technique on Tool Wear in Turning of Titanium Alloy Ti-6...
Determining the influence of cutting fluids on tool wear and surface roughnes...
Determining the influence of cutting fluids on tool wear and surface roughnes...
More from Toastmaster International
Sm cemex final_1
CEMEX globalized its operations through a series of acquisitions between 1989 and 1999, expanding from Mexico into Spain, Venezuela, Colombia, the Philippines, Indonesia, and Egypt. This allowed it to mitigate risk through diversification and benefit from economies of scale. CEMEX used a transnational strategy, treating the world as a single market while allowing local responsiveness. It followed a rigorous process for identifying acquisition targets, conducting due diligence, and integrating new operations through post-merger teams. This helped CEMEX outperform competitors on metrics like EBIT and leverage its low-cost production globally.
Jerusalem
This presentation walks you through the history of Jerusalem to the present day Israel Palestine conflict.
Word formation process
This document discusses the various processes of word formation in language. It identifies 12 main processes: coinage, borrowing, calque, compounding, derivation, blending, backformation, conversion, acronyms, initialisms, onomatopoeia, and clipping. Each process is explained with examples. New words are needed to describe new inventions and concepts. Language is dynamic and constantly changing through these word formation processes over time.
Btp report final_lalit
This document summarizes the work done by Lalit Aggarwal and Gayathri Lakshmi Kulukuru on designing an effective noise barrier for a firing range under the supervision of Dr. Navin Kumar. It describes conducting literature research on past noise barrier designs, performing experiments to measure noise levels, modeling the problem in MATLAB and Olive Lab Terrain software, and comparing results. The goal is to design a cost-efficient noise barrier that can reduce noise from the firing range to required levels while meeting constraints. Future work involves continuing experiments, modeling, and analysis to finalize a design.
Designing of noise barrier
The document discusses the design of a noise barrier. It describes experiments conducted to test noise barriers on hard ground. It discusses using the LAM method in MATLAB to model insertion loss and compare results to experimental data. It also discusses modeling barriers using OLT software and analyzing barriers by varying height, thickness, material, and panel configuration to evaluate insertion loss. The goal is to experimentally test different materials and barrier configurations and compare results to modeling.
Noise and vibration report
This document describes a project to control vibrations of a cantilever beam using LabVIEW. A cantilever beam with piezoelectric sensors and actuators is used to sense and control vibrations. A proportional-derivative controller in LabVIEW analyzes input signals from the sensor and outputs signals to the actuator to produce out-of-phase vibrations that counteract the original vibrations. The controller was able to dampen vibrations when simulated in LabVIEW, but an amplifier is needed to actuate the physical beam. The project demonstrates vibration control of a beam using piezoelectrics and proportional-derivative feedback control.
Photoresist coating
this presentation highlights the 3 methods of coating of photo resis and highlights their advantages and disadvantages.
Vibration project
this is project on how we control the vibration in a cantilever beam by actuation through piezoelectric crystals.
Hydraulics actuation system
The document provides an overview of hydraulics actuation systems used in heavy machinery. It discusses how fluid power works through Pascal's law and hydraulic leverage to amplify force. Key components of hydraulic systems are described, including reservoirs, filters, pumps, motors, accumulators, cylinders, and control valves. Common applications like earthmoving equipment, presses, and rollercoasters are highlighted. Diagrams illustrate the configuration and flow of components in hydraulic circuits.
Eco cement
The cement industry in India has experienced steady growth over the past decades. Cement demand has grown at around 8% annually since 1997-98, higher than the global growth rate of 3.5% and China's rate of 7.2%. The government plans to invest over $1 trillion in infrastructure in its 12th five-year plan. Key drivers of cement demand are the real estate sector, increased infrastructure spending, and industry expansion projects. Currently, India is the second largest cement producer in the world with over 140 large plants and 365 mini plants, with an annual production capacity of around 197 million tons. Major global cement companies have operations in India.
More from Toastmaster International (10)
Recently uploaded
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
Neha Bajwa, Vice President of Product Marketing, Neo4j
Join us as we explore breakthrough innovations enabled by interconnected data and AI. Discover firsthand how organizations use relationships in data to uncover contextual insights and solve our most pressing challenges – from optimizing supply chains, detecting fraud, and improving customer experiences to accelerating drug discoveries.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
Imagine a world where machines not only perform tasks but also learn, adapt, and make decisions. This is the promise of Artificial Intelligence (AI), a technology that's not just enhancing our lives but revolutionizing entire industries.
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Spark is the widely used ETL tool for processing, indexing and ingesting data to serving stack for search. Milvus is the production-ready open-source vector database. In this talk we will show how to use Spark to process unstructured data to extract vector representations, and push the vectors to Milvus vector database for search serving.
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
Boost your website's visibility with proven SEO techniques! Our latest blog dives into essential strategies to enhance your online presence, increase traffic, and rank higher on search engines. From keyword optimization to quality content creation, learn how to make your site stand out in the crowded digital landscape. Discover actionable tips and expert insights to elevate your SEO game.
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
Leonard Jayamohan, Partner & Generative AI Lead, Deloitte
This keynote will reveal how Deloitte leverages Neo4j’s graph power for groundbreaking digital twin solutions, achieving a staggering 100x performance boost. Discover the essential role knowledge graphs play in successful generative AI implementations. Plus, get an exclusive look at an innovative Neo4j + Generative AI solution Deloitte is developing in-house.
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Consult the full report at https://www.oecd.org/digital/oecd-artificial-intelligence-review-of-germany-609808d6-en.htm
20240605 QFM017 Machine Intelligence Reading List May 2024
Everything I found interesting about machines behaving intelligently during May 2024
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for life science domain, where you retriever information from biomedical knowledge graphs using LLMs to increase the accuracy and performance of generated answers
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 5. In this session, we will cover CI/CD with devops.
Topics covered:
CI/CD with in UiPath
End-to-end overview of CI/CD pipeline with Azure devops
Speaker:
Lyndsey Byblow, Test Suite Sales Engineer @ UiPath, Inc.
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of common terms used in context of Generative AI.
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
This session provides introduction to UiPath Communication Mining, importance and platform overview. You will acquire a good understand of the phases in Communication Mining as we go over the platform with you. Topics covered:
• Communication Mining Overview
• Why is it important?
• How can it help today’s business and the benefits
• Phases in Communication Mining
• Demo on Platform overview
• Q/A
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 6. In this session, we will cover Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI webinar offers an in-depth exploration of leveraging cutting-edge technologies for test automation within the UiPath platform. Attendees will delve into the integration of generative AI, a test automation solution, with Open AI advanced natural language processing capabilities.
Throughout the session, participants will discover how this synergy empowers testers to automate repetitive tasks, enhance testing accuracy, and expedite the software testing life cycle. Topics covered include the seamless integration process, practical use cases, and the benefits of harnessing AI-driven automation for UiPath testing initiatives. By attending this webinar, testers, and automation professionals can gain valuable insights into harnessing the power of AI to optimize their test automation workflows within the UiPath ecosystem, ultimately driving efficiency and quality in software development processes.
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into integrating generative AI.
2. Understanding how this integration enhances test automation within the UiPath platform
3. Practical demonstrations
4. Exploration of real-world use cases illustrating the benefits of AI-driven test automation for UiPath
Topics covered:
What is generative AI
Test Automation with generative AI and Open AI.
UiPath integration with generative AI
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Recently uploaded (20)
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
National Security Agency - NSA mobile device best practices
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
GraphSummit Singapore | The Art of the Possible with Graph - Q2 2024
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptx
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing Days
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
AI 101: An Introduction to the Basics and Impact of Artificial Intelligence
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Building Production Ready Search Pipelines with Spark and Milvus
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
Best 20 SEO Techniques To Improve Website Visibility In SERP
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
GraphSummit Singapore | The Future of Agility: Supercharging Digital Transfor...
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
Presentation of the OECD Artificial Intelligence Review of Germany
20240605 QFM017 Machine Intelligence Reading List May 2024
20240605 QFM017 Machine Intelligence Reading List May 2024
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
GraphRAG for Life Science to increase LLM accuracy
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 5
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Mind map of terminologies used in context of Generative AI
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
Communications Mining Series - Zero to Hero - Session 1
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 6
Improving tool life using cryogenic cooling
- 1. IMPROVING TOOL LIFE USING CRYOGENIC COOLING
- 3. OUTLINE Introduction Methodology Result and discussions conclusions
- 4. INTRODUCTION Condition of the cutting tools plays a significant role in achieving consistent quality and also for controlling the overall cost of manufacturing. Machining of harder materials using existing conventional techniques is uneconomical. in some cases, chemical composition as well as microstructures of the materials to be machined may be altered due to the rise of temperature. the thermal conductivity of the advanced materials such as silicon nitride, titanium alloy and Inconel are much lower than those commonly used alloy steels.
- 5. Different approach to enhance the machining performance By hot machining It has been reported that tool life can be increased much by hot machining of manganese steel. softening the work piece is more effective way than strengthening the tool High-pressure jet cooling A longer tool life was observed when machining Ti– 6Al–4V with high-pressure coolant supplies.
- 6. Cryogenic cooling Application of cryogenic cooling gives substantial benefit on tool life, surface finish and dimensional deviation by reduction in cutting zone temperature and favourable chip–tool interface. A substantial improvement in tool life was obtained during machining of Ti–6Al–4V under cryogenic cooling compared to dry and wet machining in all the machining trials undertaken.
- 7. METHODOLGY In the present study stainless steel SUS 304 was used as the work material. The length and diameter of the work piece were 500 and 100 mm. The tool used in the investigation was of grade AC 2000, coated with TiCN. Before the experiments, a layer of 2 mm was removed in order to eliminate the effect of any surface defect. Stainless steel was machined with both conventional coolant and liquid nitrogen.
- 9. RESULT AND DISCUSSIONS It can be observed that tool life at a higher depth of cut is substantially low compared to that at a low depth of cut.
- 10. it can be concluded that tool life at a lower feed rate is much higher than that at a higher feed rate. At a higher feed rate the chip thickness is increased and more heat is generated, which reduces the hardness of the tool material resulting rapid tool wear
- 11. The application of cryogenic coolant is seen to be more effective at a higher cutting speed. percentage increase in tool life for all cutting speeds and at a feed rate of 0.1 mm/min is higher than that at a feed rate of 0.05 mm/min.
- 12. more heat is generated at a higher feed rate and cryogenic cooling is more effective at a higher feed rate than that at a higher depth of cut. It was reported that cryogenic cooling reduces the cutting temperature at high cutting speed without polluting the environment.
- 16. CONCLUSIONS The modified tool used for applying cryogenic coolant provides an effective means for cooling the cutting edge during machining operation. The application of cryogenic coolant using the modified tool can increase tool life to more than four times. application of cryogenic coolant was found to be more effective at a higher cutting speed. cryogenic cooling is more effective at a higher feed rate rather than at a higher depth of cut. While machining at a lower cutting speed and using cryogenic coolant, very little wear was observed on the tool flank. However, at a high cutting speed the cutting edge suffered from micro-cracks.
- 17. THANK YOU