FPLC
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FPLC is a type of liquid chromatography where the flow rate of solvents is controlled by pumps to ensure constant flow. The sample is introduced into a column containing small gel beads as the stationary phase. As the solvent flows through the column driven by the pumps, the different components of the sample separate as they interact differently with the gel beads, forming separated bands of the sample components based on properties like molecular weight and charge. FPLC allows for fast, controlled purification of biomolecules using chromatography.
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FPLC - Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography
Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) is a type of liquid chromatography used to analyze or purify proteins. It introduces samples onto a column containing resin beads, then uses buffers to differentially elute bound protein. FPLC allows separation of heat-labile biomolecules like proteins under mild conditions like 4°C. It has advantages like simple reproducible separation, efficient resolution, and support for a wide range of columns and procedures under low pressure. Limitations include needing glass columns and inability to handle high pressures.
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (1)
Hydrophobic interaction chromatography (HIC) is used to purify biomolecules like proteins by exploiting differences in hydrophobicity. It works by separating substances based on their varying strength of interaction with hydrophobic groups attached to an uncharged gel matrix. HIC is useful for downstream purification as it can handle large sample volumes with high salt concentrations and is gentler than other methods, maintaining protein activity. Factors like ligand type, salt concentration, pH, and temperature affect HIC separation. The document evaluates HIC for monitoring plasmid DNA purification, finding it is a simple, rapid and reproducible method to assess purity.
FAST PROTEIN LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY.pptx
FPLC introduction its advantages over HPLC and its instrumentation ,various types of columns used and also its workflow
Centrifugation techniques
1. Instrumental analysis involves using instruments to convert physical or chemical characteristics of analytes into interpretable information. This includes clinical chemistry which aims to facilitate accurate diagnostic testing.
2. Centrifugation techniques use high centrifugal force to separate particles or molecules in a suspension more quickly than gravity alone. This involves spinning samples at high revolutions per minute in different types of centrifuges.
3. Centrifuges vary in size from microcentrifuges suitable for small volumes to preparative or analytical ultracentrifuges capable of very high speeds. The type used depends on the separation or analysis needed. All aim to control variables like speed, radius, and temperature to achieve reliable separations.
Fplc(fast protein liquid chromatography )
This document describes Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC), which is a chromatography system used to separate proteins and other biomolecules. FPLC uses stationary phases like resins and mobile phases like buffers. It works on the principles of size exclusion, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography. The key components of an FPLC system include pumps, mixers, injection valves, columns, fraction collectors, and detectors. Compared to HPLC, FPLC uses lower pressures, inert materials, and larger columns. Its advantages include reproducibility, simple operation, and suitability for analytical and preparative purposes. Common applications of FPLC include protein analysis, purification of venoms and plasma proteins.
Differential centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is a technique used to separate cellular components like organelles based on sedimentation rate differences caused by varying density, size, shape when spun at increasing centrifugal forces; it involves homogenizing a sample, centrifuging sequentially at low speeds to pellet larger components then higher speeds to further separate smaller ones, allowing fractionation of components from nuclei to ribosomes into pellets and supernatants. Differential centrifugation has applications in separating various mixtures and purifying biomolecules, cells, and subcellular structures.
2 d gel electrophoresis
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on 2D electrophoresis. 2D electrophoresis is a technique used to separate mixed proteins based on their isoelectric point and mass. It involves two sequential electrophoretic steps: iso-electric focusing to separate proteins by charge, followed by SDS-PAGE to separate by molecular weight. The document describes the principles, methods, applications and references for 2D electrophoresis.
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FPLC - Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography
Fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) is a type of liquid chromatography used to analyze or purify proteins. It introduces samples onto a column containing resin beads, then uses buffers to differentially elute bound protein. FPLC allows separation of heat-labile biomolecules like proteins under mild conditions like 4°C. It has advantages like simple reproducible separation, efficient resolution, and support for a wide range of columns and procedures under low pressure. Limitations include needing glass columns and inability to handle high pressures.
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FPLC introduction its advantages over HPLC and its instrumentation ,various types of columns used and also its workflow
Centrifugation techniques
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2. Centrifugation techniques use high centrifugal force to separate particles or molecules in a suspension more quickly than gravity alone. This involves spinning samples at high revolutions per minute in different types of centrifuges.
3. Centrifuges vary in size from microcentrifuges suitable for small volumes to preparative or analytical ultracentrifuges capable of very high speeds. The type used depends on the separation or analysis needed. All aim to control variables like speed, radius, and temperature to achieve reliable separations.
Fplc(fast protein liquid chromatography )
This document describes Fast Protein Liquid Chromatography (FPLC), which is a chromatography system used to separate proteins and other biomolecules. FPLC uses stationary phases like resins and mobile phases like buffers. It works on the principles of size exclusion, ion exchange, and affinity chromatography. The key components of an FPLC system include pumps, mixers, injection valves, columns, fraction collectors, and detectors. Compared to HPLC, FPLC uses lower pressures, inert materials, and larger columns. Its advantages include reproducibility, simple operation, and suitability for analytical and preparative purposes. Common applications of FPLC include protein analysis, purification of venoms and plasma proteins.
Differential centrifugation
Differential centrifugation is a technique used to separate cellular components like organelles based on sedimentation rate differences caused by varying density, size, shape when spun at increasing centrifugal forces; it involves homogenizing a sample, centrifuging sequentially at low speeds to pellet larger components then higher speeds to further separate smaller ones, allowing fractionation of components from nuclei to ribosomes into pellets and supernatants. Differential centrifugation has applications in separating various mixtures and purifying biomolecules, cells, and subcellular structures.
2 d gel electrophoresis
This document summarizes a seminar presentation on 2D electrophoresis. 2D electrophoresis is a technique used to separate mixed proteins based on their isoelectric point and mass. It involves two sequential electrophoretic steps: iso-electric focusing to separate proteins by charge, followed by SDS-PAGE to separate by molecular weight. The document describes the principles, methods, applications and references for 2D electrophoresis.
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Analytical centrifugation is a technique used to characterize macromolecules based on how they sediment in a centrifugal field. The document discusses the instrumentation, working principle, and two main types of analysis - sedimentation velocity and sedimentation equilibrium. Sedimentation velocity provides information about shape, mass, and size by monitoring the boundary formed over time as particles sediment. Sedimentation equilibrium determines mass composition by analyzing the particle distribution once equilibrium between sedimentation and diffusion is reached. Analytical centrifugation is useful for determining properties like molecular weight, stoichiometry, assembly, and conformation.
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Ultracentrifugation is a technique that uses very high rotational speeds, up to 80,000 rpm, to separate particles via centrifugal force up to 600,000g. There are two main types: analytical ultracentrifugation monitors particles in real-time to study molecular interactions and properties, while preparative ultracentrifugation isolates and purifies particles like organelles. Common techniques include differential centrifugation to separate organelles and density gradient centrifugation to separate mixtures based on density.
Gel Filtration
Gel filtration, also known as size exclusion chromatography, is a technique used to separate biomolecules based on their size. It uses a porous gel or matrix with pores that exclude molecules above a certain size. Small molecules are able to enter the pores and are eluted first, while larger molecules are excluded from the pores and are eluted later. Gel filtration is useful for separating biomolecules without altering pH, ion concentrations, or other conditions. It can be used for desalting, preparative separations, and determining the relative molecular sizes of proteins.
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reversed phase chromatography
Reversed phase chromatography is an adsorption technique used to separate nonpolar substances. It works by having a nonpolar stationary phase and a polar mobile phase, opposite of normal phase chromatography. Molecules like proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids can be separated using reversed phase chromatography. The separation depends on the hydrophobic binding of solutes from the mobile phase to the hydrophobic ligands attached to the stationary phase. Common stationary phases use silica beads with attached alkyl hydrocarbon chains of varying lengths. Gradient elution with mixtures of water and organic solvents like acetonitrile or methanol is typically used for separation. Reversed phase chromatography has applications in preparative purification of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules.
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(Gel Filtration Chromatography)GFC
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chromatographic techniques
Chromatography is a technique used to separate and identify the components of a mixture. It works by allowing molecules to distribute themselves between a stationary and mobile phase, so that molecules that interact more with the mobile phase move faster. Chromatographic techniques can be classified based on the interaction with the stationary phase or physical state of the mobile phase. Key techniques include adsorption, partition, ion exchange, exclusion, gas, liquid, and thin layer chromatography. Proper sample preparation and development conditions are important for achieving optimal separation and resolution of components in the mixture.
Gel filtration chromatography
Gel-filtration chromatography, also known as size-exclusion chromatography, separates molecules based on their size. Larger molecules pass through the porous gel beads quickly while smaller molecules diffuse into the pores and are delayed. This allows the separation of molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polymers by molecular weight. It is a gentle technique that can be used to purify biomolecules without altering buffer conditions.
Centrifugation
Centrifugation is a technique that uses centrifugal force to separate mixtures based on density. It works by spinning samples at high speeds, which causes heavier components to sediment. There are several types including preparative centrifugation to separate/purify biological samples, analytical centrifugation to determine physical characteristics, differential centrifugation to separate cell components, density gradient centrifugation to separate mixtures based on density differences, and ultracentrifugation using very high speeds. Centrifugation has many applications in research, medicine, and industry.
Centrifugation
This document discusses centrifugation and provides details about its history, basic principles, types of centrifuges and rotors, and applications. Centrifugation uses centrifugal force to separate mixtures based on density. It has been used since the 1400s and important developments include the first analytical ultracentrifuge in 1920. Common centrifuges include low-speed, high-speed, and ultracentrifuges, which separate particles based on mass and density. Rotors include swinging bucket, fixed angle, and vertical designs. Centrifugation has many clinical and laboratory applications, including separating blood components and subcellular particles.
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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a technique used to separate compounds in a mixture. It works by forcing a pressurized liquid mobile phase through a column containing a stationary phase, which causes the compounds in a sample to separate as they interact differently with the phases. HPLC provides faster, more efficient separations than traditional column chromatography due to the use of high pressure. It has various applications including drug analysis, polymer analysis, and purification of biopolymers.
High performance liquid chromatography (hplc)
HPLC is a type of column chromatography that uses high pressure to pass a sample mixture in a mobile liquid phase through a column containing a stationary solid phase, allowing the components to separate. It provides high resolution and sensitivity for analyzing chemicals and biological molecules. Key components include a solvent reservoir, pump, injector, column, detector, and recorder. Separation occurs as each component interacts differently with the stationary phase based on properties like polarity and solubility. The detector measures the components as they elute from the column, generating a chromatogram to identify the components. HPLC has many applications in fields like pharmaceuticals, chemicals, foods, biosciences, and more.
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Gel Filtration
Gel filtration, also known as size exclusion chromatography, is a technique used to separate biomolecules based on their size. It uses a porous gel or matrix with pores that exclude molecules above a certain size. Small molecules are able to enter the pores and are eluted first, while larger molecules are excluded from the pores and are eluted later. Gel filtration is useful for separating biomolecules without altering pH, ion concentrations, or other conditions. It can be used for desalting, preparative separations, and determining the relative molecular sizes of proteins.
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reversed phase chromatography
Reversed phase chromatography is an adsorption technique used to separate nonpolar substances. It works by having a nonpolar stationary phase and a polar mobile phase, opposite of normal phase chromatography. Molecules like proteins, peptides, and nucleic acids can be separated using reversed phase chromatography. The separation depends on the hydrophobic binding of solutes from the mobile phase to the hydrophobic ligands attached to the stationary phase. Common stationary phases use silica beads with attached alkyl hydrocarbon chains of varying lengths. Gradient elution with mixtures of water and organic solvents like acetonitrile or methanol is typically used for separation. Reversed phase chromatography has applications in preparative purification of proteins, peptides, and other biomolecules.
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It is based on the behavior of particles in an applied centrifugal field.
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Gel filtration chromatography separates molecules according to size by passing a liquid mobile phase containing the molecules through a column packed with porous beads. Larger molecules are excluded from the pores and elute earlier, while smaller molecules can enter the pores and are retained longer in the column before eluting. It is commonly used to purify and determine the molecular weights of proteins, polymers, and other biomolecules.
chromatographic techniques
Chromatography is a technique used to separate and identify the components of a mixture. It works by allowing molecules to distribute themselves between a stationary and mobile phase, so that molecules that interact more with the mobile phase move faster. Chromatographic techniques can be classified based on the interaction with the stationary phase or physical state of the mobile phase. Key techniques include adsorption, partition, ion exchange, exclusion, gas, liquid, and thin layer chromatography. Proper sample preparation and development conditions are important for achieving optimal separation and resolution of components in the mixture.
Gel filtration chromatography
Gel-filtration chromatography, also known as size-exclusion chromatography, separates molecules based on their size. Larger molecules pass through the porous gel beads quickly while smaller molecules diffuse into the pores and are delayed. This allows the separation of molecules like proteins, nucleic acids, and polymers by molecular weight. It is a gentle technique that can be used to purify biomolecules without altering buffer conditions.
Centrifugation
Centrifugation is a technique that uses centrifugal force to separate mixtures based on density. It works by spinning samples at high speeds, which causes heavier components to sediment. There are several types including preparative centrifugation to separate/purify biological samples, analytical centrifugation to determine physical characteristics, differential centrifugation to separate cell components, density gradient centrifugation to separate mixtures based on density differences, and ultracentrifugation using very high speeds. Centrifugation has many applications in research, medicine, and industry.
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High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is a separation technique that involves injecting a small volume of liquid sample into a column packed with tiny particles. Individual components of the sample are then transported through the column by a mobile phase and separated based on interactions with the stationary phase. These separated components exit the column and are detected, providing a chromatogram. HPLC uses small particle sizes, high column pressures up to 6000-9000 psi, and flow rates of 1-3 mL/min to achieve fast, efficient, and high resolution separations of both volatile and non-volatile compounds.
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Chromatography techniques such as high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC), and gas chromatography (GC) can be used to separate mixtures. HPLC uses high pressure to push a mobile phase through a column containing a stationary phase to separate complex mixtures. FPLC is a modified HPLC system designed for separating proteins more gently. GC vaporizes samples and uses an inert gas mobile phase to separate components in a sample based on differences in how they partition between the gas and a liquid or solid stationary phase.
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High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)
High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a separation technique used to separate mixtures. It uses columns packed with small particle sizes under high pressure, allowing better separation than traditional liquid chromatography. HPLC involves pumping a mobile phase through a column containing a stationary phase, separating components as they flow through at different rates based on interactions with the phases. Components are then detected and quantified as they exit the column. HPLC provides rapid, sensitive, and precise separation of mixtures and is widely used in fields like pharmaceuticals, chemistry, and environmental analysis.
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Chromatography is a technique used to separate mixtures by exploiting differences in how components interact with stationary and mobile phases. The document discusses several types of chromatography including column chromatography, paper chromatography, thin layer chromatography, gas chromatography, and high performance liquid chromatography. It provides details on the principles, instrumentation, and procedures for each type. The key points are that chromatography separates mixtures based on how components partition between stationary and mobile phases, resulting in separation over time. A variety of stationary and mobile phases can be used depending on the application and components.
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Chromatography separates components in a mixture using a stationary and mobile phase. High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is a type of chromatography that uses high pressure to force a liquid mobile phase through a column packed with solid particles. The document discusses various aspects of HPLC including separation modes, selecting stationary and mobile phases, HPLC system components, and applications.
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This document provides an overview of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It describes the key components of an HPLC system including the stationary phase, mobile phase, injector, chromatographic column, pumping system, and detectors. It explains the separation process, noting that differences in how compounds partition between the mobile and stationary phases allows for separation. It also discusses normal phase and reverse phase chromatography, and provides examples of applications such as pharmaceutical analysis, food and flavor testing, and environmental and clinical analysis.
HPL CHROMATOGRAPHY
High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most widely used type of liquid chromatography. It employs high pressure to pass a liquid mobile phase and sample mixture through a column packed with a solid stationary phase. There are several types of HPLC based on the separation mechanism and stationary phase used, including partition, adsorption, ion exchange, size exclusion, and affinity chromatography. HPLC instrumentation includes pumps to pressurize the mobile phase, injection systems, columns of varying lengths and diameters, and detectors. Common applications involve the separation of pharmaceuticals, proteins, and other biological molecules.
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High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) is presented. HPLC is a chromatographic technique used to separate mixtures by using high pressure to force a liquid mobile phase and sample through a column packed with solid stationary phase. Key aspects summarized include:
1. HPLC provides simultaneous analysis, high resolution, sensitivity, repeatability for qualitative and quantitative analysis.
2. It works on principles of adsorption and partition chromatography depending on the stationary phase.
3. Instrumentation includes pumps, injector, analytical column, detector, and recorder/integrator.
4. Parameters like retention time, capacity factor, separation factor, and plate height provide information about sample separation and column efficiency.
Sna chromatography column chromatography
Column chromatography is a method used to separate chemical mixtures by using a column filled with a stationary phase and pumping a mobile phase through it. Key steps include preparing the column with a dry or wet method, loading the sample, and collecting fractions as compounds elute from the column at different rates depending on their interactions with the stationary phase. Resolution, a measure of separation, can be calculated from chromatograms by measuring retention times and curve widths. Automated systems now streamline column chromatography but typically have lower resolution than HPLC.
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HPLC stands for high-performance liquid chromatography. It is a separation technique used to separate mixtures of compounds. HPLC works by forcing a pressurized liquid mobile phase through a column packed with porous particles. As the different compounds in the sample interact differently with the stationary phase particles, they elute from the column at different rates, allowing separation. Key components of an HPLC system include the pump, injector, column, detector, and data processing unit. HPLC has many applications in fields like pharmaceutical analysis and natural products analysis.
High performance liquid chromatography
HPLC is a liquid chromatography technique used to separate compounds dissolved in solution. It works by injecting a sample mixture onto a column packed with tiny particles. The different components in the mixture are separated as they pass through the column at different rates depending on how they partition between the mobile and stationary phases. HPLC uses high pressure pumps to push the mobile phase through the column at high speeds for improved separation efficiency. Key components of an HPLC system include the pump, injector, column, detector, and computer.
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HPLC- introduction, principle, types, working, instrumentation and operations of HPLC has been included with appropriate gifs and images for better understanding. What are all the things need to be known by a science student about HPLC (basics and working) is clearly given in this presentation.
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KF Titrandos' modularity provides it significant flexibility and customization. For example, this KF titrator series contains a variety of coulometric, volumetric, and combination titrators, allowing you to analyse any water content ranging from 0.001 to 100%.
KF Titrandos can be used as standalone titrators or as part of a larger network. The operation has been optimised for both scenarios: you can tap the full power of your Titrando system by using a handy Touch Control unit, the sophisticated tiamo software, or the current OMNIS software.
You also don't have to worry about assembling your titrator, electrode, sample changer, and accessories. We provide all-inclusive packages that include everything you need for a particular application.
Pheromones.pptx
Animals secrete pheromones to trigger many types of behaviors, including:
raising an alarm
signaling a food trail
triggering sexual arousal
tell other female insects to lay their eggs elsewhere
delineating a territory
bond between mother and offspring
warning another animal to back off
Nitric oxide ppt.pptx
Nitric oxide supplements are a category of supplements that includes L-citrulline and L-arginine. Researchers have performed multiple clinical trials related to nitric oxide supplements and their effectiveness, often with mixed results.
Mitochondrial biogenesis.pptx
Mitochondrial biogenesis is the process by which cells increase mitochondrial numbers. It was first described by John Holloszy in the 1960s, when it was discovered that physical endurance training induced higher mitochondrial content levels, leading to greater glucose uptake by muscles. Mitochondrial biogenesis is activated by numerous different signals during times of cellular stress or in response to environmental stimuli, such as aerobic exercise.
Melatonin.pptx
Melatonin is a hormone made in the body. It regulates night and day cycles or sleep-wake cycles. Melatonin in supplements is usually made in a lab.
Darkness triggers the body to make more melatonin, which signals the body to sleep. Light decreases melatonin production and signals the body to be awake. Some people who have trouble sleeping have low levels of melatonin. It's thought that adding melatonin from supplements might help them sleep.
Ion Channels.pptx
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that control the flow of ions across cell membranes. There are two main types of ion channels: ligand-gated ion channels, which open when a chemical messenger binds to the channel, and voltage-gated ion channels, which open in response to changes in membrane potential. Ion channels are located throughout neurons, with ligand-gated channels mainly in dendrites and cell bodies and voltage-gated channels concentrated in axons, where they generate and propagate action potentials. Neurotransmitters can directly open ligand-gated ion channels or indirectly alter ion channels by binding to separate receptors and initiating intracellular signaling cascades. Several classes of ion channels are described in the document, including chloride
Glucose Transporters.pptx
Glucose transporters are a wide group of membrane proteins that facilitate the transport of glucose across the plasma membrane, a process known as facilitated diffusion. Because glucose is a vital source of energy for all life, these transporters are present in all phyla.
Data Base in Bioinformatics.ppt
"A biological database is a large, organized body of persistent data, usually associated with computerized software designed to update, query, and retrieve components of the data stored within the system. A simple database might be a single file containing many records, each of which includes the same set of information."
Chemical Bonds 2.ppt
The attractive force which holds various constituents (atom, ions, etc.) together and stabilizes them by the overall loss of energy is known as chemical bonding. Therefore, it can be understood that chemical compounds are reliant on the strength of the chemical bonds between its constituents; The stronger the bonding between the constituents, the more stable the resulting compound would be.
Chemical Bonds 1.ppt
The attractive force which holds various constituents (atom, ions, etc.) together and stabilizes them by the overall loss of energy is known as chemical bonding. Therefore, it can be understood that chemical compounds are reliant on the strength of the chemical bonds between its constituents; The stronger the bonding between the constituents, the more stable the resulting compound would be.
Eicosanoids.pptx
organic compound, any of a large class of chemical compounds in which one or more atoms of carbon are covalently linked to atoms of other elements, most commonly hydrogen, oxygen, or nitrogen. The few carbon-containing compounds not classified as organic include carbides, carbonates, and cyanides. See chemical compound.
Chemical safety.pptx
The health effects of hazardous chemicals are often less clear than the physical hazards. Data on the health effects of chemical exposure, especially from chronic exposure, are often incomplete. When discussing the health effects of chemicals, two terms are often used interchangeably - toxicity and hazard.
Biogas production.pptx
Biogas is produced after organic materials (plant and animal products) are broken down by bacteria in an oxygen-free environment, a process called anaerobic digestion. Biogas systems use anaerobic digestion to recycle these organic materials, turning them into biogas, which contains both energy (gas), and valuable soil products (liquids and solids).
Mass Spectrometry.ppt
mass spectrometry, also called mass spectroscopy, analytic technique by which chemical substances are identified by the sorting of gaseous ions in electric and magnetic fields according to their mass-to-charge ratios.
Risk assessment for computer system validation
A risk assessment is a process to identify potential hazards and analyze what could happen if a hazard occurs.
Computer system validation (sometimes called computer validation or CSV) is the process of documenting that a computer system meets a set of defined system requirements.
Recovery and purification of intracellular and extra cellular products
Product recovery and purification, such as centrifugal, chromatography, crystallization, dialysis, drying, electrophoresis, filtration, precipitation, etc., are essential finishing steps to any commercial fermentation process.
Iron
Iron is a mineral that the body needs for growth and development. Your body uses iron to make hemoglobin, a protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs to all parts of the body, and myoglobin, a protein that provides oxygen to muscles. Your body also needs iron to make some hormones.
Good documentation practices
Good Documentation Practice (GDocP — or GRK for Good Recordkeeping) is an essential component of your overall pharmaceutical quality system (PQS) and quality risk management strategies (QRM).
new guidance on good data management was discussed and its development
recommended. The participants included national inspectors and specialists
in the various agenda topics, as well as staff of the Prequalification Team
(PQT)–Inspections
Zymography_Pas staining
Zymography is an electrophoretic technique for the detection of hydrolytic enzymes, based on the substrate repertoire of the enzyme. ... Zymography also refers to a collection of related, fermented products, considered as a body of work.
More from Bangaluru (20)
Recovery and purification of intracellular and extra cellular products
Recovery and purification of intracellular and extra cellular products
Recently uploaded
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
Mechanics:- Simple and Compound Pendulum
a compound pendulum is a physical system with a more complex structure than a simple pendulum, incorporating its mass distribution and dimensions into its oscillatory motion around a fixed axis. Understanding its dynamics involves principles of rotational mechanics and the interplay between gravitational potential energy and kinetic energy. Compound pendulums are used in various scientific and engineering applications, such as seismology for measuring earthquakes, in clocks to maintain accurate timekeeping, and in mechanical systems to study oscillatory motion dynamics.
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and ReplicabilityUniversity of Rennes, INSA Rennes, Inria/IRISA, CNRS
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Abstract: Reproducibility (aka determinism in some cases) constitutes a fundamental aspect in various fields of computer science, such as floating-point computations in numerical analysis and simulation, concurrency models in parallelism, reproducible builds for third parties integration and packaging, and containerization for execution environments. These concepts, while pervasive across diverse concerns, often exhibit intricate inter-dependencies, making it challenging to achieve a comprehensive understanding. In this short and vision paper we delve into the application of software engineering techniques, specifically variability management, to systematically identify and explicit points of variability that may give rise to reproducibility issues (eg language, libraries, compiler, virtual machine, OS, environment variables, etc). The primary objectives are: i) gaining insights into the variability layers and their possible interactions, ii) capturing and documenting configurations for the sake of reproducibility, and iii) exploring diverse configurations to replicate, and hence validate and ensure the robustness of results. By adopting these methodologies, we aim to address the complexities associated with reproducibility and replicability in modern software systems and environments, facilitating a more comprehensive and nuanced perspective on these critical aspects.
https://hal.science/hal-04582287
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Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
ABSTRACT
The J'BaFofi, or "Giant Spider," is a mainly legendary arachnid by reportedly inhabiting the dense rain forests of
the Congo. As despite numerous anecdotal accounts and cultural references, the scientific validation remains more elusive.
My study aims to proper evaluate the existence of the J'BaFofi through the analysis of historical reports,indigenous
testimonies and modern exploration efforts.
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
We present the JWST discovery of SN 2023adsy, a transient object located in a host galaxy JADES-GS
+
53.13485
−
27.82088
with a host spectroscopic redshift of
2.903
±
0.007
. The transient was identified in deep James Webb Space Telescope (JWST)/NIRCam imaging from the JWST Advanced Deep Extragalactic Survey (JADES) program. Photometric and spectroscopic followup with NIRCam and NIRSpec, respectively, confirm the redshift and yield UV-NIR light-curve, NIR color, and spectroscopic information all consistent with a Type Ia classification. Despite its classification as a likely SN Ia, SN 2023adsy is both fairly red (
�
(
�
−
�
)
∼
0.9
) despite a host galaxy with low-extinction and has a high Ca II velocity (
19
,
000
±
2
,
000
km/s) compared to the general population of SNe Ia. While these characteristics are consistent with some Ca-rich SNe Ia, particularly SN 2016hnk, SN 2023adsy is intrinsically brighter than the low-
�
Ca-rich population. Although such an object is too red for any low-
�
cosmological sample, we apply a fiducial standardization approach to SN 2023adsy and find that the SN 2023adsy luminosity distance measurement is in excellent agreement (
≲
1
�
) with
Λ
CDM. Therefore unlike low-
�
Ca-rich SNe Ia, SN 2023adsy is standardizable and gives no indication that SN Ia standardized luminosities change significantly with redshift. A larger sample of distant SNe Ia is required to determine if SN Ia population characteristics at high-
�
truly diverge from their low-
�
counterparts, and to confirm that standardized luminosities nevertheless remain constant with redshift.
一比一原版美国佩斯大学毕业证如何办理
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3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
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Explainable Deepfake Image/Video Detection
Presentation of our paper, "Towards Quantitative Evaluation of Explainable AI Methods for Deepfake Detection", by K. Tsigos, E. Apostolidis, S. Baxevanakis, S. Papadopoulos, V. Mezaris. Presented at the ACM Int. Workshop on Multimedia AI against Disinformation (MAD’24) of the ACM Int. Conf. on Multimedia Retrieval (ICMR’24), Thailand, June 2024. https://doi.org/10.1145/3643491.3660292 https://arxiv.org/abs/2404.18649
Software available at https://github.com/IDT-ITI/XAI-Deepfakes
JAMES WEBB STUDY THE MASSIVE BLACK HOLE SEEDS
The pathway(s) to seeding the massive black holes (MBHs) that exist at the heart of galaxies in the present and distant Universe remains an unsolved problem. Here we categorise, describe and quantitatively discuss the formation pathways of both light and heavy seeds. We emphasise that the most recent computational models suggest that rather than a bimodal-like mass spectrum between light and heavy seeds with light at one end and heavy at the other that instead a continuum exists. Light seeds being more ubiquitous and the heavier seeds becoming less and less abundant due the rarer environmental conditions required for their formation. We therefore examine the different mechanisms that give rise to different seed mass spectrums. We show how and why the mechanisms that produce the heaviest seeds are also among the rarest events in the Universe and are hence extremely unlikely to be the seeds for the vast majority of the MBH population. We quantify, within the limits of the current large uncertainties in the seeding processes, the expected number densities of the seed mass spectrum. We argue that light seeds must be at least 103 to 105 times more numerous than heavy seeds to explain the MBH population as a whole. Based on our current understanding of the seed population this makes heavy seeds (Mseed > 103 M⊙) a significantly more likely pathway given that heavy seeds have an abundance pattern than is close to and likely in excess of 10−4 compared to light seeds. Finally, we examine the current state-of-the-art in numerical calculations and recent observations and plot a path forward for near-future advances in both domains.
Recently uploaded (20)
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
Embracing Deep Variability For Reproducibility and Replicability
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Nutaceuticsls herbal drug technology CVS, cancer.pptx
Nutaceuticsls herbal drug technology CVS, cancer.pptx
Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
Evaluation and Identification of J'BaFofi the Giant Spider of Congo and Moke...
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
Discovery of An Apparent Red, High-Velocity Type Ia Supernova at 𝐳 = 2.9 wi...
FPLC
- 2. • Fast Performance Liquid Chromatography- Liquid chromatography is a term which refers to all chromatographic methods in which the mobile phase is liquid. – The stationary phase may be a liquid or a solid, in the form of a matrix • A type of liquid chromatography where the solvent velocity is controlled by pumps. The pumps control the constant flow rate of the solvents
- 3. • The solvents are accessed through tubing from an outside reservoir. • The flow rate of the solvent is set through computer input and controlled by pumps. • There are various columns used in liquid chromatography depending on the type of separation preferred. Each column contains a small diameter packing material. The column is a large (mm id) tube containing small (u) particles (gel beads) known as stationary phase.
- 4. • The chromatographic bed is composed by the gel beads alone when they are inside the column. • The sample is introduced into the injector and then carried into the column by the flowing solvent. • Once in the column, the sample mixture separates as a result of different components adhering to or diffusing into the gel.
- 5. • As the solvents is forced into the chromatographic bed by the flow rate, the sample separates into various zones of sample components. These zones are referred to as bands. • Biomolecules have various characteristics such as molecular weight, electric charge, and hydrophobicity. • As so, purification of the object is usually achieved by using a combination of chromatographic methods