This document discusses floating and moving houses. It begins with an introduction that notes rising sea levels and the need for new types of housing. It then outlines the contents which will cover floating house types, principles, systems, and services. Examples of floating houses include those on log rafts and steel pontoons. Floating houses are buoyant and distribute weight across flotation materials. Vertically moving houses use telescoping poles and a floating frame. Services like plumbing and electricity must be flexible to accommodate rising water. Floating houses may become more necessary as sea levels continue rising and could help during floods. India would benefit from expertise in floating house construction.
This document discusses floating technology concepts for structures. A trend sees investors developing waterfront areas using floating buildings for utilities, housing, offices, entertainment and more. Companies offer floating solutions and services for research, project development and maintenance. Floating structures are focal points that attract attention and crowds. The basics involve buildings floating on water secured by buoyancy mechanisms rather than foundations. Materials include expanded polystyrene, composite panels and concrete pontoons. Relocation of floating buildings can involve dismantling and reassembly or transport as a whole unit. Examples showcase completed floating homes and a large floating commercial development.
1) Kedarnath Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva located in Kedarnath, Uttarakhand near the Mandakini River. It is one of the 12 jyotirlingas, or holy shrines of Shiva.
2) The temple was built by the Pandavas and revived by Adi Shankaracharya. It suffered extensive damage in the 2013 Uttarakhand floods but the structure remained intact due to a large boulder that diverted the flood waters.
3) The temple is open from April to November each year due to extreme weather conditions and the deities are taken to Ukhimath during winter months for worship. It remains
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on amphibious houses. Amphibious houses are designed to remain on the ground under normal conditions but rise with flood waters to stay dry. They use a buoyant foundation that allows the house to float. Two successfully implemented projects are described - 34 amphibious houses built in the Netherlands that can rise up to 18 feet, and affordable "lift houses" built in Bangladesh from bamboo that rest on ferrocement foundations. Amphibious houses provide a low-cost solution to housing in flood-prone areas.
Construction techniques in flood prone areasSanjay gowda
This document discusses construction techniques for buildings in flood-prone areas. It describes various floodproofing methods like dry floodproofing, wet floodproofing, elevation of structures, and anchoring systems. Dry floodproofing aims to seal the building from floodwaters while wet floodproofing allows floodwaters inside but uses flood-resistant materials. Elevating structures raises them above flood levels. Anchoring systems secure buildings to their foundations to prevent movement during floods. The document also discusses foundation requirements and types like pile foundations for withstanding flooding and coastal hazards.
The document discusses housing in Delhi across seven types: homeless, JJ clusters, resettlement colonies, regularized and unauthorized colonies, urban villages, walled city and extension, and planned colonies. It notes that 76% of Delhi's population lives in substandard housing. The largest populations live in planned colonies, followed by unauthorized colonies. Most housing units are self-constructed and rental. The document outlines hurdles such as safety, lack of infrastructure, and restricted land ownership across housing types and proposes solutions like redevelopment, compliance with building codes, and increasing affordable housing options.
This document provides information on the site analysis and proposed design of a housing project located in Lucknow, India. It includes details on the site location, surroundings, climatic analysis, proposed layout, building typologies, regulations, amenities and facilities. A total of 46 housing units are planned across 4 building blocks. The site satisfies most development controls except for smaller offsets and green space percentage. Necessary infrastructure like parking, utilities, landscaping and common facilities are incorporated in the design.
This document summarizes a graduate report presentation on affordable housing in India. It defines affordable housing according to various organizations and provides statistics on India's growing urban population and resulting housing shortage. In particular, it notes that the urban housing shortage at the end of the 10th five-year plan was estimated at 24.71 million households. It also discusses factors affecting the supply and demand of housing, critical issues in affordable housing like scarcity of land and rising costs, and the various central government policies and schemes aimed at addressing the shortage.
This document discusses floating and moving houses. It begins with an introduction that notes rising sea levels and the need for new types of housing. It then outlines the contents which will cover floating house types, principles, systems, and services. Examples of floating houses include those on log rafts and steel pontoons. Floating houses are buoyant and distribute weight across flotation materials. Vertically moving houses use telescoping poles and a floating frame. Services like plumbing and electricity must be flexible to accommodate rising water. Floating houses may become more necessary as sea levels continue rising and could help during floods. India would benefit from expertise in floating house construction.
This document discusses floating technology concepts for structures. A trend sees investors developing waterfront areas using floating buildings for utilities, housing, offices, entertainment and more. Companies offer floating solutions and services for research, project development and maintenance. Floating structures are focal points that attract attention and crowds. The basics involve buildings floating on water secured by buoyancy mechanisms rather than foundations. Materials include expanded polystyrene, composite panels and concrete pontoons. Relocation of floating buildings can involve dismantling and reassembly or transport as a whole unit. Examples showcase completed floating homes and a large floating commercial development.
1) Kedarnath Temple is a Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva located in Kedarnath, Uttarakhand near the Mandakini River. It is one of the 12 jyotirlingas, or holy shrines of Shiva.
2) The temple was built by the Pandavas and revived by Adi Shankaracharya. It suffered extensive damage in the 2013 Uttarakhand floods but the structure remained intact due to a large boulder that diverted the flood waters.
3) The temple is open from April to November each year due to extreme weather conditions and the deities are taken to Ukhimath during winter months for worship. It remains
The document summarizes a seminar presentation on amphibious houses. Amphibious houses are designed to remain on the ground under normal conditions but rise with flood waters to stay dry. They use a buoyant foundation that allows the house to float. Two successfully implemented projects are described - 34 amphibious houses built in the Netherlands that can rise up to 18 feet, and affordable "lift houses" built in Bangladesh from bamboo that rest on ferrocement foundations. Amphibious houses provide a low-cost solution to housing in flood-prone areas.
Construction techniques in flood prone areasSanjay gowda
This document discusses construction techniques for buildings in flood-prone areas. It describes various floodproofing methods like dry floodproofing, wet floodproofing, elevation of structures, and anchoring systems. Dry floodproofing aims to seal the building from floodwaters while wet floodproofing allows floodwaters inside but uses flood-resistant materials. Elevating structures raises them above flood levels. Anchoring systems secure buildings to their foundations to prevent movement during floods. The document also discusses foundation requirements and types like pile foundations for withstanding flooding and coastal hazards.
The document discusses housing in Delhi across seven types: homeless, JJ clusters, resettlement colonies, regularized and unauthorized colonies, urban villages, walled city and extension, and planned colonies. It notes that 76% of Delhi's population lives in substandard housing. The largest populations live in planned colonies, followed by unauthorized colonies. Most housing units are self-constructed and rental. The document outlines hurdles such as safety, lack of infrastructure, and restricted land ownership across housing types and proposes solutions like redevelopment, compliance with building codes, and increasing affordable housing options.
This document provides information on the site analysis and proposed design of a housing project located in Lucknow, India. It includes details on the site location, surroundings, climatic analysis, proposed layout, building typologies, regulations, amenities and facilities. A total of 46 housing units are planned across 4 building blocks. The site satisfies most development controls except for smaller offsets and green space percentage. Necessary infrastructure like parking, utilities, landscaping and common facilities are incorporated in the design.
This document summarizes a graduate report presentation on affordable housing in India. It defines affordable housing according to various organizations and provides statistics on India's growing urban population and resulting housing shortage. In particular, it notes that the urban housing shortage at the end of the 10th five-year plan was estimated at 24.71 million households. It also discusses factors affecting the supply and demand of housing, critical issues in affordable housing like scarcity of land and rising costs, and the various central government policies and schemes aimed at addressing the shortage.
A SETTLEMENT IS A PLACE WHERE PEOPLE LIVE.
A SETTLEMENT MAY BE AS SMALL AS A SINGLE HOUSE IN A REMOTE AREA OR AS LARGE AS A MEGA CITY.
A SETTLEMENT MAY ALSO BE PERMANENT OR TEMPORARY (REFUGEE CAMP). AND A TEMPORARY SETTLEMENT MAY BECOME PERMANENT OVER TIME.
Forms of human settlements, Urban and Rural forms, settelments, cities, Linear city , radial city,villages, hamlets, dwelings, ec.
The requirement of flood resistant structures is been an emerging issue in the mere future.Amphibious structure are an solution for the issue involving EPS as an prime material.
Parking facilities include indoor and outdoor areas for vehicles belonging to buildings, roads, parking lots, multi-level structures, and facilities for specific vehicle types. Different outdoor parking patterns include parallel parking along roads, 90 degree parking, and oblique parking. Indoor parking includes multi-storey parking structures. Multi-storey parking facilities are designed specifically for automobile parking and have multiple floors for parking. They are typically limited to 5-6 stories with a capacity of around 500 vehicles. Parking standards and laws dictate the minimum requirements for parking spaces, ramps, and accessibility.
The document discusses different types of housing according to their physical characteristics, materials used, and factors like climate and culture. It defines housing and shelter, and provides examples of different housing types including single-family homes, terraced houses, bungalows, apartments, mansions, caravans, shop houses, boats, stilt houses, tents, igloos, tree houses, dormitories, and monasteries/convents.
The document provides information about ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code), which specifies energy performance requirements for commercial buildings in India. It discusses key aspects of ECBC such as its objectives, scope, components, impact in reducing energy consumption, implementation in various states, and case studies of ECBC compliant buildings showing significant energy savings. ECBC aims to minimize energy use and carbon emissions from buildings through passive design strategies and efficient technologies.
Sneha Waghire's presentation document covers three topics: a groin vault, a swimming pool case study, and the Burj Khalifa high-rise building in Dubai. The document includes diagrams and photos of each structure and details their designs and construction processes. It provides information on the Chaitanya Health Club swimming pool in Pune, including its location, facilities, and the 14 steps involved in pool construction. Details are also given on the Burj Khalifa, the tallest man-made structure, including its records, design, and how it collects water from condensation.
This document reviews the feasibility of using modular construction techniques for hotel, housing, and worker accommodation developments. Modular construction involves factory production of prefabricated rooms or units that are assembled on site. Key benefits include short construction time, high quality control, reliable timescales, and price certainty. Modular construction works best for repetitive building types, where scheduling is tight, and quality is important. It can provide durable buildings with acoustic and thermal insulation that meet building regulations.
Amanora Park Town is a 400-acre integrated township located in Hadapsar, Pune. It includes various residential projects like Gateway Towers, Gold Towers, and Adreno Towers, as well as commercial areas and amenities like a school, mall, and hospital. The township was conceived as India's first fully developed smart city and incorporates latest technologies. It is situated near various IT parks with connectivity to the airport and railway station.
Town planning concepts- le corbusier (with pics)Uday Yadav
The Contemporary City for Three Million Inhabitants was Le Corbusier's first major urban planning project from 1922. It proposed a rigidly geometric and centralized city plan with vast open spaces covering 85-95% of the surface. The city consisted of concentric rectangular belts, with a central business district of tall cruciform towers and surrounding residential blocks of stacked duplexes with garden terraces. The project aimed to solve urban problems through standardization, increased densities, and separation of vehicular and pedestrian traffic via an elevated highway system. Though utopian and not fully practical, it had a immense influence on 20th century ideas of the modern city.
Affordable housing programming for architecture - thesis projectGhassanAlhammadi1
Thesis project and programming for architecture urban farming and affordable housing that responds to the context and the housing crisis. By making work-live- and marketing activities in one city to reduce the use of viechles and make it self-sufficient. The goals to solve the housing crisis and food security in yemen
This document discusses techniques for building earthquake resistant structures in India. It covers various sources of earthquakes and methods to resist seismic activity, including both active and passive systems. Some specific techniques mentioned are shear walls, bracing, dampers, isolation, and using light-weight materials. Suggestions are provided such as avoiding weak column designs, including thick slabs and cross walls, and following building codes.
The document provides details about the planning and development of Chandigarh, the new capital city of Punjab in India.
[1] The first master plan for Chandigarh was created by American planner Albert Mayer in the early 1950s. [2] When Le Corbusier was brought on to redesign the master plan, he retained the basic framework conceived by Mayer but replaced the neighborhood units with sectors. [3] Key features of Chandigarh designed by Le Corbusier include the open hand layout of the Capitol Complex, strict controls on housing and industry, and the use of parks and open spaces throughout the city.
1) Mumbai aims to become a world-class city but is facing issues like overburdened transport, proliferation of slums, and declining industries.
2) The government is taking initiatives like forming task forces and developing long-term strategies to transform Mumbai through improving transport and civic infrastructure and promoting economic growth.
3) A key focus area is resettling and rehabilitating over 500,000 slum dwellers affected by projects like MUTP and MUIP. The government has developed policies for providing housing, basic amenities, and livelihood support to resettled communities.
The document discusses the city planning of Chandigarh, India. It describes how Le Corbusier revised the initial plan by Albert Mayer, dividing the city into sectors of about 1200 by 800 meters. Each sector was designed as an autonomous neighborhood with housing, schools, shops, and recreational spaces. The capital complex was shifted to a higher ground and designed according to Le Corbusier's philosophies. While the planning approach was praised for creating a well-organized city, it was also criticized for being too standardized and not reflecting Indian culture and ways of life. The document analyzes the planning concepts and provides an overview of the development of Chandigarh.
The document discusses earthquakes and techniques for improving earthquake resistance in buildings. It defines earthquakes and describes how they occur due to movement in the earth's crust. It then covers types of earthquakes, causes and effects, seismic waves, and performance and design considerations for improving earthquake resistance. Specific techniques discussed include using shear walls, base isolation methods, energy dissipation devices, and keeping buildings in compression. The conclusion emphasizes following construction standards and periodic training to help assure earthquake-resistant buildings.
Housing case study(KAFCO housing,Aranya lowcost housing, TARA housing)Sumaiya Islam
The document discusses the Aranya housing project in Indore, India designed by architect Balkrishna Doshi. The project aimed to provide affordable housing for 6,500 low-income families on a 86 hectare site. Doshi's master plan created 6 sectors with distributed open spaces, mixed land uses, and pedestrian and vehicular segregation. The plan oriented buildings for optimal climate response. Housing units started as core structures that residents could incrementally expand based on need. The design focused on community interaction through shared spaces while allowing privacy.
As for high rise buildings, these are generally above six floors or stories in height. Also, most high rise buildings are 100 meters in height. (These should not be confused with “skyscrapers,” which are generally much taller, as little or as much, as 200 meters in height.
A high-rise building is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction. It is used as a residential, office building, or other functions including hotel, retail, or with multiple purposes combined.
My Trips Guide helps you unleash the possibilities of your traveling by providing destination information, attractions, hotel booking and tools you need to experience your desired trip. For more info visit http://www.mytripsguide.com
Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. The sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Just a small portion of the heat trapped in the ocean could power the world.
Current trends in architecture have prevented sustainability from becoming a mainstream design solution and the general population is acutely unaware of the importance of sustainable design. Presently global warming, urban sprawl, and the overuse of natural resources are major concerns for the natural environment. This thesis investigation looks to the future when renewable energy sources may be the only source of power. In addition, designing on the ocean could soon become a reality due to city overcrowding and inadequate natural resource . The design intervention employs ocean thermal energy for a “floating Recreational hub” located 7 Km offshore the coastline of Goa, India. Acting as a self sustaining building, this facility not only uses ocean energy as its primary source of energy, but is also envisioned as an iconic structure which can serve as an educational model for sustainable design, floating architecture, and ocean wave energy
Architects have an ethical responsibility to society and the natural environment when designing the spaces people inhabit. Buildings are the leading users and abusers of natural resources when the life-cycle and construction process of buildings are compared to other current manufacturing processes. Investigation of alternative building materials and renewable energy sources will be imperative for future architectural endeavours.
Discovering innovative places to build will also be of immense concern for architecture of future generations. Due to overcrowding of cities and the invasion of urban sprawl, designers are looking for the next place to build.
New Urbanites argue that infill development is the solution, which has merit; but another possible building typology exists. Working with water-born energy solutions, there are great opportunities for building on water.
Creating a completely offshore building and site can not only reduce the dependence on conventional electric generation by exploring new energy sources, but can also pave the way for a new aesthetic and methodology of design.
Building on water is not a simple matter. Understanding a variety of innovative technologies and sustainable building practices will prevent water architecture from succumbing to ecological degradation.
A holistic understanding of innovative building technologies and renewable non-polluting energy can be achieved through the investigation of floating architecture and ocean wave energy. Placing a building on the ocean opens many possibilities for renewable energy.
A SETTLEMENT IS A PLACE WHERE PEOPLE LIVE.
A SETTLEMENT MAY BE AS SMALL AS A SINGLE HOUSE IN A REMOTE AREA OR AS LARGE AS A MEGA CITY.
A SETTLEMENT MAY ALSO BE PERMANENT OR TEMPORARY (REFUGEE CAMP). AND A TEMPORARY SETTLEMENT MAY BECOME PERMANENT OVER TIME.
Forms of human settlements, Urban and Rural forms, settelments, cities, Linear city , radial city,villages, hamlets, dwelings, ec.
The requirement of flood resistant structures is been an emerging issue in the mere future.Amphibious structure are an solution for the issue involving EPS as an prime material.
Parking facilities include indoor and outdoor areas for vehicles belonging to buildings, roads, parking lots, multi-level structures, and facilities for specific vehicle types. Different outdoor parking patterns include parallel parking along roads, 90 degree parking, and oblique parking. Indoor parking includes multi-storey parking structures. Multi-storey parking facilities are designed specifically for automobile parking and have multiple floors for parking. They are typically limited to 5-6 stories with a capacity of around 500 vehicles. Parking standards and laws dictate the minimum requirements for parking spaces, ramps, and accessibility.
The document discusses different types of housing according to their physical characteristics, materials used, and factors like climate and culture. It defines housing and shelter, and provides examples of different housing types including single-family homes, terraced houses, bungalows, apartments, mansions, caravans, shop houses, boats, stilt houses, tents, igloos, tree houses, dormitories, and monasteries/convents.
The document provides information about ECBC (Energy Conservation Building Code), which specifies energy performance requirements for commercial buildings in India. It discusses key aspects of ECBC such as its objectives, scope, components, impact in reducing energy consumption, implementation in various states, and case studies of ECBC compliant buildings showing significant energy savings. ECBC aims to minimize energy use and carbon emissions from buildings through passive design strategies and efficient technologies.
Sneha Waghire's presentation document covers three topics: a groin vault, a swimming pool case study, and the Burj Khalifa high-rise building in Dubai. The document includes diagrams and photos of each structure and details their designs and construction processes. It provides information on the Chaitanya Health Club swimming pool in Pune, including its location, facilities, and the 14 steps involved in pool construction. Details are also given on the Burj Khalifa, the tallest man-made structure, including its records, design, and how it collects water from condensation.
This document reviews the feasibility of using modular construction techniques for hotel, housing, and worker accommodation developments. Modular construction involves factory production of prefabricated rooms or units that are assembled on site. Key benefits include short construction time, high quality control, reliable timescales, and price certainty. Modular construction works best for repetitive building types, where scheduling is tight, and quality is important. It can provide durable buildings with acoustic and thermal insulation that meet building regulations.
Amanora Park Town is a 400-acre integrated township located in Hadapsar, Pune. It includes various residential projects like Gateway Towers, Gold Towers, and Adreno Towers, as well as commercial areas and amenities like a school, mall, and hospital. The township was conceived as India's first fully developed smart city and incorporates latest technologies. It is situated near various IT parks with connectivity to the airport and railway station.
Town planning concepts- le corbusier (with pics)Uday Yadav
The Contemporary City for Three Million Inhabitants was Le Corbusier's first major urban planning project from 1922. It proposed a rigidly geometric and centralized city plan with vast open spaces covering 85-95% of the surface. The city consisted of concentric rectangular belts, with a central business district of tall cruciform towers and surrounding residential blocks of stacked duplexes with garden terraces. The project aimed to solve urban problems through standardization, increased densities, and separation of vehicular and pedestrian traffic via an elevated highway system. Though utopian and not fully practical, it had a immense influence on 20th century ideas of the modern city.
Affordable housing programming for architecture - thesis projectGhassanAlhammadi1
Thesis project and programming for architecture urban farming and affordable housing that responds to the context and the housing crisis. By making work-live- and marketing activities in one city to reduce the use of viechles and make it self-sufficient. The goals to solve the housing crisis and food security in yemen
This document discusses techniques for building earthquake resistant structures in India. It covers various sources of earthquakes and methods to resist seismic activity, including both active and passive systems. Some specific techniques mentioned are shear walls, bracing, dampers, isolation, and using light-weight materials. Suggestions are provided such as avoiding weak column designs, including thick slabs and cross walls, and following building codes.
The document provides details about the planning and development of Chandigarh, the new capital city of Punjab in India.
[1] The first master plan for Chandigarh was created by American planner Albert Mayer in the early 1950s. [2] When Le Corbusier was brought on to redesign the master plan, he retained the basic framework conceived by Mayer but replaced the neighborhood units with sectors. [3] Key features of Chandigarh designed by Le Corbusier include the open hand layout of the Capitol Complex, strict controls on housing and industry, and the use of parks and open spaces throughout the city.
1) Mumbai aims to become a world-class city but is facing issues like overburdened transport, proliferation of slums, and declining industries.
2) The government is taking initiatives like forming task forces and developing long-term strategies to transform Mumbai through improving transport and civic infrastructure and promoting economic growth.
3) A key focus area is resettling and rehabilitating over 500,000 slum dwellers affected by projects like MUTP and MUIP. The government has developed policies for providing housing, basic amenities, and livelihood support to resettled communities.
The document discusses the city planning of Chandigarh, India. It describes how Le Corbusier revised the initial plan by Albert Mayer, dividing the city into sectors of about 1200 by 800 meters. Each sector was designed as an autonomous neighborhood with housing, schools, shops, and recreational spaces. The capital complex was shifted to a higher ground and designed according to Le Corbusier's philosophies. While the planning approach was praised for creating a well-organized city, it was also criticized for being too standardized and not reflecting Indian culture and ways of life. The document analyzes the planning concepts and provides an overview of the development of Chandigarh.
The document discusses earthquakes and techniques for improving earthquake resistance in buildings. It defines earthquakes and describes how they occur due to movement in the earth's crust. It then covers types of earthquakes, causes and effects, seismic waves, and performance and design considerations for improving earthquake resistance. Specific techniques discussed include using shear walls, base isolation methods, energy dissipation devices, and keeping buildings in compression. The conclusion emphasizes following construction standards and periodic training to help assure earthquake-resistant buildings.
Housing case study(KAFCO housing,Aranya lowcost housing, TARA housing)Sumaiya Islam
The document discusses the Aranya housing project in Indore, India designed by architect Balkrishna Doshi. The project aimed to provide affordable housing for 6,500 low-income families on a 86 hectare site. Doshi's master plan created 6 sectors with distributed open spaces, mixed land uses, and pedestrian and vehicular segregation. The plan oriented buildings for optimal climate response. Housing units started as core structures that residents could incrementally expand based on need. The design focused on community interaction through shared spaces while allowing privacy.
As for high rise buildings, these are generally above six floors or stories in height. Also, most high rise buildings are 100 meters in height. (These should not be confused with “skyscrapers,” which are generally much taller, as little or as much, as 200 meters in height.
A high-rise building is a tall building, as opposed to a low-rise building and is defined differently in terms of height depending on the jurisdiction. It is used as a residential, office building, or other functions including hotel, retail, or with multiple purposes combined.
My Trips Guide helps you unleash the possibilities of your traveling by providing destination information, attractions, hotel booking and tools you need to experience your desired trip. For more info visit http://www.mytripsguide.com
Oceans cover more than 70% of Earth's surface, making them the world's largest solar collectors. The sun's heat warms the surface water a lot more than the deep ocean water, and this temperature difference creates thermal energy. Just a small portion of the heat trapped in the ocean could power the world.
Current trends in architecture have prevented sustainability from becoming a mainstream design solution and the general population is acutely unaware of the importance of sustainable design. Presently global warming, urban sprawl, and the overuse of natural resources are major concerns for the natural environment. This thesis investigation looks to the future when renewable energy sources may be the only source of power. In addition, designing on the ocean could soon become a reality due to city overcrowding and inadequate natural resource . The design intervention employs ocean thermal energy for a “floating Recreational hub” located 7 Km offshore the coastline of Goa, India. Acting as a self sustaining building, this facility not only uses ocean energy as its primary source of energy, but is also envisioned as an iconic structure which can serve as an educational model for sustainable design, floating architecture, and ocean wave energy
Architects have an ethical responsibility to society and the natural environment when designing the spaces people inhabit. Buildings are the leading users and abusers of natural resources when the life-cycle and construction process of buildings are compared to other current manufacturing processes. Investigation of alternative building materials and renewable energy sources will be imperative for future architectural endeavours.
Discovering innovative places to build will also be of immense concern for architecture of future generations. Due to overcrowding of cities and the invasion of urban sprawl, designers are looking for the next place to build.
New Urbanites argue that infill development is the solution, which has merit; but another possible building typology exists. Working with water-born energy solutions, there are great opportunities for building on water.
Creating a completely offshore building and site can not only reduce the dependence on conventional electric generation by exploring new energy sources, but can also pave the way for a new aesthetic and methodology of design.
Building on water is not a simple matter. Understanding a variety of innovative technologies and sustainable building practices will prevent water architecture from succumbing to ecological degradation.
A holistic understanding of innovative building technologies and renewable non-polluting energy can be achieved through the investigation of floating architecture and ocean wave energy. Placing a building on the ocean opens many possibilities for renewable energy.
Varanasi is a holy city in India situated on the banks of the Ganges River. It has been an important pilgrimage site for Hindus visiting to pay respects. Some key places to explore include the Ganges River, the Kashi Vishwanath Temple, Assi Ghat, Dashashwamedh Ghat, Sankat Mochan Temple, and Sarnath. Offbeat attractions include morning boat rides on the Ganges, bathing in the river, local foods, shopping markets, and witnessing the grandeur evening Ganga Aarti ceremony.
Desert architecture addresses the extreme needs and problems of building in desert climates. The most characteristic problem is maintaining thermal comfort without excessive energy use. Various design and construction techniques can improve thermal comfort naturally, such as intensive mirror work on walls, furniture, and niches to reflect light and heat. As desert regions experience increased development, clarifying these low-energy methods is desirable for new building projects.
This document outlines an undergraduate thesis proposal for a Textile Museum in Qom, Iran. The proposal aims to design a museum that reflects traditional and contemporary Iranian textile art, generates spaces for interaction and recreation, and includes a commercial outlet selling textiles. The 3.6 acre site was formerly a textile factory located in the urban center of Qom. The museum aims to educate people about Qom's textile industry and culture while also generating revenue for the city. Research methods will include case studies, site visits, and data collection to develop a sustainable design that meets the commercial needs of Qom.
Very large floating structures are man-made islands that can be used for airports, storage facilities, military purposes, and industry. They are classified based on their geometry as pontoons or semisubmersibles, and by location as coastal or offshore. Examples include mega floats, mobile offshore bases, and pneumatically stabilized platforms. VLFS have advantages like low cost for deep waters, lack of environmental damage, and immunity to earthquakes. However, their unique large size and offshore environment present challenges for design, construction, positioning, and connection at sea.
This document provides an overview of a proposed rotating tower project in Dubai. It discusses the concept of dynamic architecture where buildings adjust their shape over time. The rotating tower would have 80 floors that each rotate independently, powered by horizontal wind turbines between floors. Each prefabricated floor module would be assembled on site using a lift system, greatly reducing construction time. The rotating floors and energy generation capabilities could make the tower more sustainable and earthquake resistant than static structures.
What Is A Slab? And What Are The Different Types Of Slab?PoojaGurnule
https://civiltech-p.blogspot.com/2021/05/whatisslabandtypeofslab.html
The article is related to what is the slab? And the different types of slab in construction. Different Types of Concrete Slabs in Construction 1. Flat Slab 2. Flat Plates 3.Conventional Slab( I. One Way Slab II.Two Way Slab) 4. Hallow Core Slab 5. Hardy Slab 6. Dome Slab 7. Pitch Roof Slab 8. Slab With Arches 9. Post Tension Slab 10. Pre-Tension Slab 11. Cable Suspension Slab 12. Low Roof Slab 13. Projected Slab 14. Grad Slab / Slab On Grade ( I. Slab On Ground II. Stiffened Raft Slab III. Waffle Raft Slab 15. Bubble Deck Slab 16. Composite Slab
17. Sunken Slab
The document discusses foundations for structures and provides classifications and types of foundations. It describes shallow foundations including spread footings, raft foundations, and grillage foundations. It also describes deep foundations such as pile foundations. Specific foundation types are defined, such as well foundations and stepped foundations. Factors for selecting building plots are outlined. Principles of planning a building are discussed, including orientation, privacy, grouping of rooms, circulation, and flexibility.
Types of popular shipping container conversionsWebstrategies
Shipping containers have been around for a while now – since 1955 to be precise. During the better part of their existence, shipping containers have mostly been used for a single purpose, and that is transporting cargo across vast oceans.
The features that have made them so popular in shipping are their robust construction, durability, affordability and high security. This has enabled shippers to transport goods safely and securely over long rough distances.
Over the last few decades, however, shipping containers have been increasingly venturing out of their comfort zone and getting new and creative uses outside shipping: construction. It is the same features that made them powerhouses in shipping – i.e. robustness, durability, affordability, and secureness – that are making them very attractive construction materials. Shipping containers are now being converted into a number of structures to solve shelter-related problems. This articles reviews the common uses for modified shipping containers.
Unicon Concrete Products is a major player in the precast concrete market in Hong Kong. The deputy managing director is pursuing "blanket approval" from their largest customer, the Hong Kong Housing Authority, for custom concrete product designs. This could save both companies money but may negatively impact other customers and manufacturing operations. Management must plan how to stay competitive in the growing market while relations with customers and production are maintained. The case examines the advantages and disadvantages of blanket approval and who might actually benefit from cost reductions.
The Burj Al Arab hotel in Dubai is known for its distinctive sail-shaped structure. It was designed by Tom Wright and built from 1994-1999. The hotel sits on an artificial island 280 meters offshore and is supported by 230 deep foundation piles that are 1.5 meters in diameter and 45 meters long. The composite structure uses a steel exoskeleton with bracing and a central concrete core to support the hotel and withstand high wind loads in the area.
Offshore drilling began in 1896 off the coast of California when an oil rig was constructed on a pier extending into the Pacific Ocean. Early offshore rigs were barges that were sunk into shallow coastal waters and marshes near shore, with drilling equipment placed on the deck. The first steel offshore platform was built in 1947 in the Gulf of Mexico. There are several types of offshore drilling rigs and platforms used today including semi-submersibles, fixed platforms, jack-up rigs, drill ships, and floating production units. Each type is suited for different water depths and designed for stability, mobility, and long-term oil and gas production.
Under construction. A new thinking about an health and flood plan. Use of 2 oz Pocket Water Purifier to mitigate water poisoning and reduce deathtoll. In Addition, there is the preliminaries of a dry feet shelter as a new urbanism during water hazard.
The document discusses the construction technology of PJ Trade Centre. It provides details about the types of foundation, slab, and roof used in the building. For the foundation, it describes that PJ Trade Centre uses pile foundation due to the soft soil conditions and heavy building loads. It also discusses the different types of foundations including shallow foundations and deep foundations like pile foundations. For the slab, it outlines various types of floor slabs including precast and in-situ concrete slabs. It then focuses on the roof structures and materials used at PJ Trade Centre.
TYPES OF Foundations ( Shallow Foundation).pptxengineerhaidari
This document discusses different types of foundations, including shallow and deep foundations. It describes shallow foundations in detail, which are foundations where the depth is less than or equal to the width. The main types of shallow foundations are mat foundations, spread footings, basement foundations, crawl space foundations, and concrete slab foundations. Mat foundations consist of a single large concrete slab that supports the entire building load. Spread footings have a wider base to distribute the building weight over a larger area of soil.
Domes and vaults are architectural elements that provide covered interior spaces. Domes are rounded vaults that can be made from curved masonry segments or a shell of revolution. Vaults are ceilings constructed from materials like brick, stone or concrete arranged in an arched manner. Common types of domes include hemispherical domes, geodesic domes, and onion domes. Elements of domes include features like coffering, pendentives, and lanterns. Vaults have been used since ancient times by civilizations like the Romans and Egyptians and include styles like barrel vaults and groin vaults.
The document discusses concepts of mobility in architecture and housing. It describes how mobility has allowed architecture to become more dynamic and adaptable over time, enabled by developments in mechanics. Examples are given of early mobile structures like drawbridges, as well as modern kinetic buildings that move parts of their structures. The document also discusses the history of mobile homes and houses, which first emerged in the 19th century and allowed for portable living. Various mobile housing designs and technologies are presented, like prefabricated homes, container homes, and structures on wheels that can be transported to new locations.
This document discusses cofferdams, which are temporary structures built to remove water from an area and allow construction work under dry conditions. It outlines the requirements, necessity, uses, factors affecting selection, and common types of cofferdams. The types discussed include earthen, rock-filled, sand bag, single wall, double wall, cellular, crib, concrete, and suspended cofferdams. Forces acting on cofferdams and the economical height are also summarized.
TYPES OF FOUNDATIONS AND CONSTRUCTION METHOD
BASICS OF FORMWORK AND STAGING
COMMON BUILDING CONSTRUCTION METHOD
MODULAR BUILDING CONSTRUCTION METHOD
PRECAST CONCRETE CONSTRUCTION METHOD
BASICS OF SLIP FORMING FOR TALL STRUCTURES
BASICS CONSTRUCTION METHODS FOR STEEL STRUCTURES
BASICS CONSTRUCTION METHODS BRIDGES
This document discusses shipping container design and usage. It provides details on shipping container specifications, such as standard dimensions for 40-foot containers. It also outlines how shipping containers are well-suited for building construction due to their strength, ability to withstand harsh environments, and low cost. The document presents several case studies of shipping container buildings and homes that have been constructed for temporary housing or commercial use. It concludes by outlining the design brief for a client who needs a portable, shipping container-based home to use at mining sites.
This is the description of a design of weather secure habitat by Dr. Mohideen Ibrahmsha prodcued as an outcome of collaborative process between CARD, CPCT,IARI and MAMCE represented respectively by Dr.Mukhtar Alam, Dr.Murtaza Hasan and Dr.Mohideen Ibramsha with the support of Dr. M,J,Khan, President ,Agriculture Today Group and Dr. Maluk Muhammad ,Principal, Dr. Maluk Muhammad.
By taking the building we live in as the object of study in this assignment, our group with maximum six members need to produce the following :
PART 1
Illustrate the type of the building with plan or sketches or photo or diagrams.
PART 2
Identity and explain the -
Type of foundation
Type of slab
Type of roof of the building with sketches or photo or diagrams
PART 3
Compare and contrast with TWO (2) other types and recommend an alternative to replace the existing type of -
Foundation
Slab
Roof
The document discusses PJ Trade Centre, a commercial development in Malaysia. It provides details about the design of PJ Trade Centre, which focuses on local culture, climate and context rather than typical Western-style office designs. This includes features like unfinished brick walls, lush landscaping, and balconies and open-air bathrooms. The document then analyzes the different types of foundations, slabs, and roofs used at PJ Trade Centre. It determines that PJ Trade Centre uses pile foundations due to the weak soil conditions and heavy building loads.
Heritage conservation aims to preserve structures, artifacts, and sites that are historically, culturally, or architecturally significant. The document discusses several key points about heritage conservation in India:
1. Heritage structures are classified into different grades based on their historic significance - from World Heritage Sites and national monuments protected by the Archaeological Survey of India, to state and locally protected sites.
2. Conservation aims to retain a structure's cultural significance through preservation, restoration, reconstruction, or adaptation while using original materials where possible.
3. Stakeholders like owners, governments, and the public must respect heritage and ensure its proper maintenance, repair, documentation, interpretation and management according to conservation policy.
The document discusses several key aspects of successful project management. It states that the primary goal is completing all project objectives within the defined scope, time, quality and budget constraints. It emphasizes that communication and coordination between the project manager, consultants, owner and contractor are vital. For a project to be successful, all stakeholders must work as a team to fulfill the owner's requirements on schedule and within budget while achieving the required quality standards.
The document discusses various qualities of good leadership such as communication, integrity, accountability, empathy, humility, resilience, vision, influence, positivity, and delegation. It notes that leadership comes in many styles like autocratic, authoritative, pacesetting, democratic, coaching, affiliative, and laissez-faire. The document emphasizes that everyone has leadership potential and can demonstrate leadership in different environments or circumstances. Some leaders are "sleeping cell leaders" that do not often show their skills but can excel greatly when given an opportunity. Luck and destiny also play factors in how leaders emerge and succeed. The overall message is that the reader themselves could possess leadership qualities and should strive to develop and demonstrate their abilities.
The document discusses various aspects of contract and contract management for construction works. It covers topics such as types of contracts, tender documents, pre-bid meetings, evaluation of technical and financial bids, award of work, commencement of work, coordination issues, and determination/rescission of contracts. The key points are that contract management requires fulfilling obligations by both parties, coordination is essential for success, and timely decisions need to be taken if work is unsatisfactory or delayed.
The document discusses key concepts related to contracts such as proposals, promises, consideration, agreement, void agreements, voidable contracts, communication of offers and acceptances, mistakes, and competency to contract. It provides examples to illustrate concepts like a proposal becoming a promise upon acceptance, bilateral vs unilateral mistakes, qualified vs unqualified acceptances, and the relationship between promisor and promisee in a contract.
The document discusses price variation in works contracts. Price variation accounts for increases or decreases in item costs between the tender submission date and work completion date. Only major cost components like labor, steel, cement, and fuel are considered for price variation calculations. Formulas use price indices on the last tender date and work date to calculate cost variations on components. It is important to ensure like materials from the same manufacturers and locations are used in price variation analyses. Price variation may be paid quarterly and is designed to avoid cost uncertainties for contractors during long contracts over 6 months.
This document discusses variations and deviations that may occur during contract execution. It defines variations as changes to the scope of work, while deviations refer specifically to changes in quantities, items, or conditions from what is specified in the bill of quantities. The reasons for variations and deviations include errors in estimating, design changes, unavailable materials, and client/contractor revisions. Extra items not included in the original bill are also addressed. The document outlines how rates for quantity deviations, extra items, and substituted items are typically determined in the contract or through other agreed methods. Implications like time and cost overruns and potential disputes are also noted.
The document discusses various contract conditions related to determination, foreclosure, and risk and cost. It defines determination as ending a contractor's employment due to breach of contract and foreclosure as abandoning or reducing the scope of work. Grounds for determination include poor progress, defects, and corruption. If a contract is determined, performance guarantees are forfeited and the employer can complete the remaining work at the contractor's risk and cost. Foreclosure requires contractor compensation for work and materials. Early determination is preferable to avoid delays and cost overruns.
This document discusses the use of anchoring techniques in civil engineering works such as construction, maintenance, repair, rehabilitation, and seismic retrofitting. It describes how anchoring can be used to join new components to existing structures without damaging the existing material. Two main types of anchors are discussed: mechanical anchors which work via friction and keying, and chemical anchors which work via bonding. Examples are given of applications of anchoring in areas like fixing grills, canopies, adding reinforcement, and attaching various fixtures and equipment. Guidance is provided on selecting the appropriate anchor type based on the loading requirements and substrate material.
- Advance payments are made to contractors before work is completed to help cover startup costs. They include mobilization advances for materials, plants, and machinery.
- Risks are involved, so measures like guarantees are taken. Advances must be used for the work and recovered early.
- Mobilization advances may be given in installments before work starts against guarantees. Plant advances require verification and hypothecation to the employer.
- Secured advances are given for materials brought on site. Interim bills are considered advances against work done to be adjusted from later bills.
Earnest money is a monetary deposit paid by bidders to show their sincerity and good faith in a project. It aims to prevent bidders from withdrawing their bids before the validity period ends. Standard earnest money amounts are 2% of the estimated project cost for works costing up to Rs. 10 crores, and 1% of estimated cost plus Rs. 20 lakhs for higher value projects. Earnest money is refunded once the contract is awarded, or forfeited if the bidder withdraws during the validity period. The document discusses earnest money definitions, forms, amounts, refund processes, and treatments under different scenarios.
Demolition is the tearing down of structures, while deconstruction is the selective dismantling of building components for reuse and recycling. Demolition is quick but less environmentally friendly than deconstruction, which saves embodied energy in materials and water used in manufacturing. There are several methods of demolition like manual, implosion using small explosives, excavators, wrecking balls, and selective demolition. Implosion is preferred for tall buildings to collapse the structure inward in a controlled manner. Deconstruction involves carefully removing reusable materials like doors, windows, and structural elements like beams for future use, providing an environmentally friendly alternative to wasteful demolition.
Geosynthetics are polymeric materials used with soil to modify its engineering properties. There are several types of geosynthetics including geotextiles, geogrids, geomembranes, and geocomposites. Geotextiles include non-woven, woven, and knitted fabrics which are made of polymers like polypropylene, polyethylene, and polyester. Geogrids are formed by joining intersecting polymer ribs to create a grid-like structure with large openings. Geomembranes are thin, impermeable polymer sheets used to control fluid movement. Geosynthetics function by providing separation, reinforcement, filtration, drainage, barriers, protection, and stiffening to soils
The document summarizes India's first net zero energy building called the Indira Paryavaran Bhawan located in New Delhi. It generates as much renewable energy from solar panels as it consumes annually. Specifically, it has an annual energy demand of 1.4 million kWh but generates 1.4 million kWh from rooftop and courtyard solar panels made of mono-crystalline panels. Through various energy efficiency measures like insulation, efficient HVAC systems, regenerative lifts, and geothermal heating/cooling, the building reduces its energy consumption by 13% compared to a conventional building. It achieves net zero status while also gaining platinum certification under India's green building rating system.
Construction and demolition (C&D) waste includes debris from construction, repair, renovation and demolition activities. It comprises materials like soil, sand, gravel, brick, concrete and metals. India generates large quantities of C&D waste annually, with demolition activities contributing the most at 48%. Proper management of C&D waste includes preventing waste generation during construction, segregating waste for reuse and recycling. Recycling can produce materials like recycled aggregates, sand and manufactured blocks that can replace use of raw materials in construction. While recycling is growing, more plants are needed nationwide and research on quality must ensure recycled materials can adequately replace raw ones in buildings and infrastructure. Government policies and incentives aim to boost the recycling and reuse of
The document discusses different types of contracts used in construction projects, with a focus on EPC and turnkey contracts. It defines EPC as engineering, procurement, and construction, where the contractor is responsible for these activities. Turnkey contracts are similar to EPC but encompass all work required by the client. EPC contracts can be for a full project or parts of a project. Key differences between EPC and other contract types like item rate and percentage rate contracts are discussed. Important considerations and clauses for EPC contracts like securities, timelines, determinants of contract, secured advances, and escalation clauses are also outlined.
The document discusses the key concepts of proposals, promises, and contracts. It defines a proposal as an offer to do or abstain from doing something with the goal of obtaining assent. A proposal becomes a promise when it is accepted. For a contract to be formed, there must be an offer, acceptance of the offer, and consideration. The parties making and accepting the proposal are called the promisor and promisee respectively. For a contract to be enforceable, it requires free consent, lawful consideration and lawful object. Mistakes, defects in consent can make a contract void or voidable.
EPS geofoam blocks are made of expanded polystyrene foam and come in various densities classified by names like EPS12 or EPS46. They have good insulation properties and varying levels of compressive resistance and flexural strength. EPS geofoam blocks can be used in stairs, seating areas, and other structures where their low density provides benefits. They are easy to cut and repair, and can have wire mesh and concrete applied to secure them in position when used for steps or seating.
Aesthetics and Functionality through GlassDr K M SONI
Glass provides both aesthetic and functional benefits in buildings. It allows transparency which is a basic requirement for structures. While glass provides stunning visual effects when used for lighting, cladding, or facades, care must be taken to ensure it meets safety and functionality needs. Glass is compatible with many other materials but structural glazing requires adequate openings and connections to withstand fires and disasters. Appropriate types of glass should be selected, designed, and tested for each application to safely provide both beauty and function in buildings.
The document discusses Engineering, Procurement, and Construction (EPC) contracts. It defines EPC as a contract that includes engineering, procurement, and construction activities. It notes that an EPC contract can be for a full project scope, making it equivalent to a turnkey contract, or only part of a project scope. The document examines what types of work can be included in an EPC contract and provides several case studies analyzing whether hypothetical contract scenarios would qualify as EPC contracts. It also reviews common clauses that should be included in EPC contracts such as related to securities, time/delay, determination of contract, and arbitration.
How to Get CNIC Information System with Paksim Ga.pptxdanishmna97
Pakdata Cf is a groundbreaking system designed to streamline and facilitate access to CNIC information. This innovative platform leverages advanced technology to provide users with efficient and secure access to their CNIC details.
“An Outlook of the Ongoing and Future Relationship between Blockchain Technologies and Process-aware Information Systems.” Invited talk at the joint workshop on Blockchain for Information Systems (BC4IS) and Blockchain for Trusted Data Sharing (B4TDS), co-located with with the 36th International Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE), 3 June 2024, Limassol, Cyprus.
Unlocking Productivity: Leveraging the Potential of Copilot in Microsoft 365, a presentation by Christoforos Vlachos, Senior Solutions Manager – Modern Workplace, Uni Systems
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
Encryption in Microsoft 365 - ExpertsLive Netherlands 2024Albert Hoitingh
In this session I delve into the encryption technology used in Microsoft 365 and Microsoft Purview. Including the concepts of Customer Key and Double Key Encryption.
Climate Impact of Software Testing at Nordic Testing DaysKari Kakkonen
My slides at Nordic Testing Days 6.6.2024
Climate impact / sustainability of software testing discussed on the talk. ICT and testing must carry their part of global responsibility to help with the climat warming. We can minimize the carbon footprint but we can also have a carbon handprint, a positive impact on the climate. Quality characteristics can be added with sustainability, and then measured continuously. Test environments can be used less, and in smaller scale and on demand. Test techniques can be used in optimizing or minimizing number of tests. Test automation can be used to speed up testing.
Maruthi Prithivirajan, Head of ASEAN & IN Solution Architecture, Neo4j
Get an inside look at the latest Neo4j innovations that enable relationship-driven intelligence at scale. Learn more about the newest cloud integrations and product enhancements that make Neo4j an essential choice for developers building apps with interconnected data and generative AI.
TrustArc Webinar - 2024 Global Privacy SurveyTrustArc
How does your privacy program stack up against your peers? What challenges are privacy teams tackling and prioritizing in 2024?
In the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey, we asked over 1,800 global privacy professionals and business executives to share their perspectives on the current state of privacy inside and outside of their organizations. This year’s report focused on emerging areas of importance for privacy and compliance professionals, including considerations and implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies, building brand trust, and different approaches for achieving higher privacy competence scores.
See how organizational priorities and strategic approaches to data security and privacy are evolving around the globe.
This webinar will review:
- The top 10 privacy insights from the fifth annual Global Privacy Benchmarks Survey
- The top challenges for privacy leaders, practitioners, and organizations in 2024
- Key themes to consider in developing and maintaining your privacy program
Building RAG with self-deployed Milvus vector database and Snowpark Container...Zilliz
This talk will give hands-on advice on building RAG applications with an open-source Milvus database deployed as a docker container. We will also introduce the integration of Milvus with Snowpark Container Services.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
Development teams can ship efficiently and ensure applications are cyber ready for Navy Authorizing Officials (AOs). In this webinar, Sigma Defense and Anchore will give attendees a look behind the scenes and demo secure pipeline automation and security artifacts that speed up application ATO and time to production.
We will cover:
- How to remove silos in DevSecOps
- How to build efficient development pipeline roles and component templates
- How to deliver security artifacts that matter for ATO’s (SBOMs, vulnerability reports, and policy evidence)
- How to streamline operations with automated policy checks on container images
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Observability Concepts EVERY Developer Should Know -- DeveloperWeek Europe.pdfPaige Cruz
Monitoring and observability aren’t traditionally found in software curriculums and many of us cobble this knowledge together from whatever vendor or ecosystem we were first introduced to and whatever is a part of your current company’s observability stack.
While the dev and ops silo continues to crumble….many organizations still relegate monitoring & observability as the purview of ops, infra and SRE teams. This is a mistake - achieving a highly observable system requires collaboration up and down the stack.
I, a former op, would like to extend an invitation to all application developers to join the observability party will share these foundational concepts to build on:
Threats to mobile devices are more prevalent and increasing in scope and complexity. Users of mobile devices desire to take full advantage of the features
available on those devices, but many of the features provide convenience and capability but sacrifice security. This best practices guide outlines steps the users can take to better protect personal devices and information.
2. Floating Houses
“Floating” term in the foundation
engineering is used when the soil
beneath the footing does not experience
any extra load, as the load of the
structure is equal or less than the soil
displaced.
Floating houses are similar in concept
and normally defined those houses
which are constructed on water in a way
that the load of the structure is equal or
less than the uplift force of the water
which helps in floating the house on
water.
3. Types of Floating Houses
There are two types of floating
houses, one which permanently float
and
other that float only during flood
waters else get placed on ground,
particularly during dry season if there
is no water.
8. Principle of floating houses
Floating houses do not require
foundation and are based on the
principle of buoyancy thus are also
called buoyant homes. Thus the base of
the structure should be such that it helps
in floating as well is able to take the dead
load of the house, live load and other
loads to be encountered by the house.
The houses may be constructed on
boats, hollow pipes, light weight pads
and similar materials which help in the
floating as well taking up loads.
9. Floating Systems
Flotation Systems being used include
log floats, solid Styrofoam encased in
rubber, foam filled steel pontoons,
concrete pontoons, concrete and
foam, wood and foam, polyethylene
shell with solid core polystyrene block
moulded inside, fibreglass etc.
11. Principle of Vertically moving
Floating Houses
A steel frame that holds the flotation
blocks is attached to the underside of
the house. There are four 'vertical
guidance' poles not far from the
corners of the house. The tops of the
poles are attached to the steel frame.
The poles telescope out of the ground,
allowing the house to move up and
down.
15. Services
All the pipes, ducts and wires for water, gas,
electricity and sewage disposal in such
amphibious homes are flexible, designed to
remain functional even when the house rises
several metres from its usual position.
Solar panels are provided for the energy
requirements.
Incinolet toilets which burn waste are
provided.
Drinking water is collected from rainstorms
and filtered into a glass partition wall inside.
The inner temperature is regulated in a case
by a geothermal pond loop.
16. Life in a floating houses
Relaxing
Romantic
Comfortable
Low storage space
Less accommodation
Cost?
Heating/cooling?
Maintenance/repair
Safe during floods
21. Need for floating houses
The sea level is said to have risen by
20 centimetres in the last century and
is expected to rise by three times that
amount in the 21st century. Therefore
floating houses will not just be a
fashionable lifestyle but a necessity.
Safe in flood prone areas during
floods
22. Moving houses
Envelope of the houses can be
fabricated, shown to the customer and
towed to the site. The whole structure
will require to be anchored to the
foundation. In future, if house owner
wants to shift it, it can be dismantled
and re-installed at other place.
Interiors can be placed as per the
requirements through modular parts
like kitchen, baths etc.
26. Concluding Remarks
India has islands, coastal areas and
areas highly prone to floods.
Therefore, there is a need to construct
floating houses and have expertise in
this type of construction.
There is a need to develop technology
for moving houses which can be
transported and constructed early
particularly during disasters or when
required to be shifted due to other
considerations.