This document discusses techniques for building earthquake resistant structures in India. It covers various sources of earthquakes and methods to resist seismic activity, including both active and passive systems. Some specific techniques mentioned are shear walls, bracing, dampers, isolation, and using light-weight materials. Suggestions are provided such as avoiding weak column designs, including thick slabs and cross walls, and following building codes.

1. EARTHQUAKE
RESISTANT
BUILDINGS IN
INDIA 1

2. reportsubmittedby:
ADARSHKUMAR
ANILSHRAMA
ASHISHSINGH
DEBLAMONDAL
PAWANYADAV
TASLEEMKHAN 2

3. Sources of
Earthquake
• Tectonic plates
• Volcanic eruption
• Nuclear explosion
3
Source: www.ecogeodb.com

4. Losses
4

5. Techniques to resist Earthquake
• Active & Passive system
• Shear walls
• Bracing
• Dampers
• Rollers
• Isolation
• Light weight material
• Bands
• Others
5

6. Active System
Active control systems are devices integrated with real-time
processing evaluators for improved service and safety.
6
Passive control systems are conventional devices to resist or
absorb the energy produced during Earthquake.
For example: Viscous Dampers

7. Inertial Forces
7

8. Shear Walls
Resist;
• Gravity Loads
• Lateral Loads
8

9. Shear Wall
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March 3, 1985 Earthquake (Chile) Shear Wall performed very well

10. Bracing
10
Link
Beams
Diagonal Cross Chevron Eccentric

11. Bracing
11

12. Bracing
12

13. Cross Bracing
13

14. Dampers
14

15. Liquid Tuned Mass Damper
15
One Rincon Hill, San Francisco

16. Rollers
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17. Isolation
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18. Isolation Bearing
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19. Base Isolation
19

20. 20
Base Isolation
mechanism

21. Bands
21

22. Waste Tire pads
22
Source: www.homeimprovementpages.com

23. Waste Tire Pads
23
Source: www.homeimprovementpages.com

24. Seismic Zone
24

25. Haunches
In case of Joint failure,
• Use High strength
concrete
• Increase section near
joints
• Provide haunches.
25

26. Light weight material
In recent times, many new systems and
devices using non-conventional civil
engineering materials have been
developed, either to reduce the
earthquake forces acting on a structure
or to absorb part of seismic energy.
26

27. Suggestions
27
Source: www.eec.edu.pk

28. Suggestions
28
Source: www.eec.edu.pk

29. Avoid Hammering & Pounding
29

30. Suggestions
• Avoid weak column and strong beam design
• Provide thick slab which will help as a rigid diaphragm
• Provide cross walls which will stiffen the structures
• Provide shear walls in a symmetrical fashion
•Increase in the transverse (Shear) reinforcement.
• Horizontal lintel band should be provided
• Revision/ updation of building code of Pakistan
• The building must be regular and symmetrical in shape
• Reinforcing bars should be provided at the corners and the
junctions of the walls 30

31. Thank You!
31