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Fern reproduction
Ferns reproduce through a process called alternation of generations. In this process, ferns alternate between haploid and diploid phases. The haploid phase is the gametophyte stage where sperm and eggs are produced. The diploid phase is the sporophyte stage where spores are produced. Spores develop into gametophytes which produce sperm and eggs. Fertilization occurs when sperm fertilize eggs to form zygotes. The zygotes then develop into new sporophyte plants. Most ferns are homosporous, producing one type of spore that can develop into either male or female gametophytes.
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Fern reproduction
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- 4. Common Name: Black-Stick MaidenHair Scientific Name: Adiantum tenerum
- 5. Common Name: Staghorn Fern ScientificName: Platycerium coronarium
- 6. Common Name: Bird’s NestFern Scientific Name: Asplenium nidus
- 7. Common Name: Tree Fern ScientificName: Cyathea spp.
- 8. Common Name: Fishtail Fern ScientificName: Nephrolepis falcate forma“Furcans”
- 9. REPRODUCTION IN FERNS Presented By : CristinaJoy F. Reyes
- 10. FERNS S. N- “ Pteridophyta “
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- 12. Ferns areseedless, vascular plants. Two types of vascular tissue 1. Xylem is responsible for moving water and nutrients throughout the plant. 2. Phloem is responsible for moving glucose throughout the plant. Ferns reproduce by an alternation of generations.
- 13. They havestems and leaves, like other vascular plants. Most ferns have what are called fiddleheads that expand into fronds, which are each delicately divided. Ferns are typically found in moist, forested areas. The leaves of ferns are called fronds and when they are young they are tightly coiled into a tight spiral. Ferns can be categorized based on their growth form such as tufted, creeping, climbing, perching and tree ferns.
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- 16. Sorus It is thecluster of sporangia.
- 17. It is anenclosure in which spores are formed. Sporangium/Sporangia
- 18. Gametophyte (Prothallus) It isthe haploid, multicellular phase of plants and algae that undergo alternation of generations, with each of its cells containing only a single set of chromosomes.
- 19. Sporophyte It is thediploid form of plants that have alternation of generations. It develops from a zygote and produces asexual spores.
- 20. Antheridium It is ahaploid structure or organ producing and containing male gametes called sperm.
- 21. Archegonium It is amulticellular structure or organ of the gametophyte phase of certain plants, producing and containing the ovum or female gamete.
- 23. Adult Sporophyte . . . . 1) Sporophyte createsand releases haploid spores ground
- 24. ground 2) Haploid sporesland in the soil
- 25. ground 3) From thehaploid spores, gametophyte grows in the soil Let’s zoom in Fern gametophytes are called a prothallus
- 26. 4) Sperm swimthrough water from the male parts (antheridium) to the female parts (archegonia)…zygote created Let’s zoom back out eggegg egg zyg ote zyg ote zyg ote
- 27. ground 5) Diploid sporophytegrows from the zygote sporophyte Fern gametophytes are called a prothallus
- 28. 6) Fiddle headuncurls….fronds open up ground 7) Cycle repeats -- Haploid spores created and released . . . . fiddleheadfrond
- 29. ground 2) Haploid sporesland in the soil
- 30. ground 3) From thehaploid spores, gametophyte (called the prothallus) grows in the soil Let’s zoom in
- 31. 4) Sperm swimthrough water from the male antheridium to the female archegonia Let’s zoom back out eggegg egg zyg ote zyg ote zyg ote
- 32. ground 5) Diploid sporophytegrows from the zygote sporophyte fiddlehead
- 33. 6) Fiddlehead uncurls….frondsopen up. ground 7) Cycle repeats . . . .
- 34. Did You Know? Fernsare very ancient group of plants. They are supposed to be older than land animals and even dinosaurs. They were actually growing on Earth for 2 hundred million years.
- 35. Summary - Ferns areseedless, vascular plants. - They have stems and leaves, like other vascular plants. - Most ferns have what are called fiddleheads that expand into fronds, which are each delicately divided. - Ferns are typically found in moist, forested areas. - The leaves of ferns are called fronds and when they are young they are tightly coiled into a tight spiral. Ferns Reproduction 1. Most ferns are homosporous , meaning that they produce a single type of spore. 2. The ferns spore develops into a small, heart – shaped gametophyte that sustain itself by photosynthesis.
- 36. 3. Each gametophytehas both male and female sex organs but the archegonia and antheridia usually mature at different times , ensuring cross – fertilization between gametophytes 4. Fern sperm like those of all seedless vascular plants use flagella to swim through moisture from antheridia to eggs in the archegonia and then fertilize the eggs. 5. A fertilized egg develops into a new sporophyte , and the young plant grows out from an archegonium of its parent, the gametophyte 6. The spots on the underside of reproductive leaves (sporophylls) are called sori 7. Sporangia release spores, which give rise to gametophytes.
- 38. ANY QUESTIONS ,CLARIFICATIONS COMMENTS ??????????
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