Augustine of Hippo also known as Saint Augustine, Saint Austin, or Blessed Augustine, was an early Christian theologian and philosopher whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy.

1. Augustine Of Hippo
Presented by:
Cristina Joy Reyes

2. “Augustine of Hippo”

3. Born: November 13,
354 AD, Tagaste
Numidia
Died: August 28, 430
AD, Hippo Regius,
Algeria
Full name: Aurelius
Augustinus
Hipponensis
Nationality: Algerian
Parents: Saint
Monica, Patricius
Aurelius

4. Augustine of Hippo, also known as
Saint Augustine or Saint Austin, was
one of the foremost philosopher –
theologians of early Christianity
and the leading figure in the
church of North Africa .

5. As a child , he was schooled
in Latin literature and at the age of
16, went to Cartage to study
rhetoric .It was in Cartage where he
became a teacher.

6. He lived for years with a woman who
was not his legal wife and bore him a child
whom he named Adeodatus (meaning
“God-given”)
At the age of twenty , after his father
died, Augustine turned to teaching to support
his family.

7. At Cartage, he became enthusiastic
about philosophy after reading cicero’s
Hortenius.This work of Cicero led Augustine
to have a passion for learning
However , he was left with uncertainty
as to where to find intellectual
satisfaction .His Christian ideas became all
the more unsatisfactory because he was not
completely satisfied with the answers
provided for him by his Christian belief as to
the problem of moral evil.

8. Marcus Tullius Cicero

9. With the belief of the
Christians that God is creator of all
things , how can it be possible for a
moral evil to arise in the world that
is created by a God , who is a
Summum Bonum?

10. Who is a Summum Bonum?
Summum bonum is a Latin
expression meaning "the highest
good", which was introduced by
Cicero, to correspond to the Idea of
the Good in Greek philosophy.

12. Manicheans, a
Gnostic religion of
late antiquity, founded
and spread by the
Persian Mani .

13. This conflict was
reflected in human life in
the conflict between the
soul , which is connected to
light , and the body , which
is connected to darkness .

14. This group believed that there
are two basic principles in the
universe .
The principle of light or
goodness.
The principle of darkness or evil.

15. However , as a
philosopher , he continued
asking questions like ‘ why
are there two conflicting
principles in nature?

16. Skepticism is the
philosophy , which believed
that we ought to doubt
everything , and no truth can be
comprehended by human
beings . It is a manner of
doubting as to whether it is
possible for human being to
attain perfect certainty of
knowledge

17. Afterwards, he moved to Milan
where he became a municipal
professor of rhetoric in 384 CE .
During his stay in Milan ,he met
and was tremendously influenced by
Ambrose , who was then the bishop of
Milan .

18. ST. AMBROSE OF MILAN
Aurelius Ambrosius, better
known in English as Saint Ambrose
(c. 340 – 4 April 397), was an
archbishop of Milan who became one
of the most influential ecclesiastical
figures of the 4th century. He was
one of the four original doctors of
the Church. He is patron saint of
Milan. He is notable for his influence
on St. Augustine.

19. Plotinus was a major
philosopher of the ancient world.
Through Plotinus, he was able
to learn that evil is not actually a
positive entity but rather a matter
of privation , i..e., the absence of
good . It seemed that Neo-
Platonism provided for him a
certain form of intellectual
Satisfaction . However , his moral
problem remained unsolved.

20. Through the sermons of
Ambrose , he saw Platonism and
Christianity as virtually one, seeing
in Neo- Platonism the philosophical
expression of Christianity . In 386,
he was converted to Christianity ,
giving up hi profession of rhetoric
and giving his life totally to the
pursuit of philosophy , which he
considered as a pursuit towards his
knowledge of god . He later on
become a prolific writer , a leader in
the Catholic Church and a defender

21. In 396 CE, he became bishop
of Hippo . Later on, he fought
himself in fighting against the
opponents of the Church , one of
which was Pelagius , who denied
the doctrine of the original sin. At
the age of 75 , Augustine died in
the posture of reciting the
Penitential Psalm during that time
when the Vandals were besieging
Hippo.

23. ST. AUGUSTINE’S VIEW
On the Human Person

24. ST. AUGUSTINE'S PHILOSOPHY
n attempt to reconcile and bring together
an admirable synthesis the wisdom of
Greek philosophy and the divine truths
contained in the scriptures.

25. is philosophy is said to be
eudaimonistic, means that the
highest ethical goal is happiness and
personal well-being.

26. ccording to him, God is the living
personal God, the creator of all
things, and the supreme ruler of the
universe.

27. ACCORDING TO HIM GOD IS:
n Absolute Spirit
he Absolute Will
he Absolute Intelligence
he Absolute Freedom

28. IMAGO-DEI-RELATIONSHIP
human person bears the image of God
and the human person’s crowning glory
resides in his being an imago Dei.

29. SOCIETAL DIMENSION
everyone should give due respect and
love to everyone because the others too
are images of God.

30. or Augustine, God created the world out
of nothing with love and the human
person is part of his creation.

31. ife, for Augustine, is a dialectic
movement towards love.
irtue, is the order of love.

32. ll created things are good. Nothing
is evil in itself.

35. Augustine’s Philosophy
• Evil is not an existing reality
(deprivation)
• Harmony of things
• Summum Bonum created the world
of matter and it cannot be evil.
-awareness of a person on what
is good or who God is.

36. • Turning to God or not is a voluntary
act.
• Evil or Sin is the the product of the
will.
• All humanity possesses freedom of
the will.
• Virtue is the product of God’s grace.

37. • Human person is not self-
sufficient.
• Human person’s pride leads him
away from God’s grace.
• Human person is in a constant
struggle for happiness.
• Subordinating to the Divine
Order by seeking eternal peace.

38. • Love of God is the means to find
real satisfaction.
• The purpose of human existence
is to find happiness in God but not
go beyond or defeat his purpose
for us.

40. The Human person's desire
towards the good may also lead him to
the possibility that he may choose to
turn away from the good, and cling
instead to the goods of this earth;
thereby, losing his real end or purpose
of existence.

41. Doctrine of Disordered Love
From this doctrine, Augustine held that the
human society can be divided between those who
love themselves and the world.
 The society who loves God, Augustine called the
Civitas Dei, the City of God.
 The society who loves self and the world, he
called Civitas Mundi, the City of the World.

42. Augustine believed that all men, so long
as they are mortal, must of necessity be
miserable. Everyone should, therefore, make a
choice as to where he would like to be with.
Every human person should, therefore, seek
for God's grace in order to be led to his proper
end. Hence, human beings should cling to the
law of conscience, which will admonish them
to do good and to avoid evil, the ultimate
norm of morality.

43. Thank
you for listening