This document provides instructions and questions for a biology assignment on transcription and translation. It includes 15 multiple choice and short answer questions covering topics like DNA structure, transcription, mRNA, tRNA, and the ribosome. Students are asked to complete the questions, cite sources, and fill out a self-assessment rubric before submitting. Additional resources like online articles and videos are provided to help with research.

1. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
Blog resource: http://tinyurl.com/62xs3fz Click4Biology:http://click4biology.info/c4b/7/pro7.3.htm
Cite all sources using the CSE method (or ISO 690 Numerical in Word). Highlight all objective 1 command terms in
yellow and complete these before class. Highlight all objective 2 and 3 command terms in green – these will be
part of the discussions in class. After class, go back and review them.
Complete the self-assessment rubric before submitting to Moodle. Avoid printing this if possible.
You must also complete the Core (3.5) Essential Biology for this topic.
1. Distinguish between sense and antisense strands in DNA.
The ______________ strand is complementary to the ___________ strand. The antisense strand
is also known as the ____________ strand, as it is used for _____________ , to make mRNA.
mRNAcorresponds with the _____________ strand, with the exception of the base ___, which is
replaced with ____. mRNAis complementary to the ________________ strand.
2. Describe the role of the antisense strand in transcription.
The antisense strand is transcribed. By complementary base pairing, the mRNA
therefore is the same as the DNA on the sense strand – although T has been replaced by
U.
3. State the direction of transcription and draw a simple diagram to show the addition of an RNA
molecule to a growing mRNA strand.
5’ to 3’
Diagram:
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2. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
4. Outline the roles of the following regions of DNA in transcription:
Promoter region
Coding region
Terminator
5. Explain the process of transcription in prokaryotes, including the following: promoter region,
RNA polymerase, 5’-3’ direction, free nucleoside triphosphates, complementary base pairing,
terminator region.
6. Distinguish between introns and exons in eukaryotic DNA (DNA structure revision).
Introns are non-coding sections of the gene
Exons are coding sections of the gene
7. State one method of post-transcription modification of mRNA in eukaryotes.
Introns are removed to leave mature mRNA
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3. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
8. Label the following regions on this tRNA molecule, stating the function of each:
a.
b. hydrogen bonds
c.
9. tRNA needs to be activated in order to pick up the corresponding amino acid.
Explain how tRNA is activated, including the role of a specifictRNA activating enzyme, ATP and
amino acids.
10. Using a diagram, outline the structure of a ribosome, including protein and RNA composition,
large and small subunits, three tRNA binding sites and mRNA binding sites.
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4. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
11. Describe polysomes and state their function.
12. State the direction of movement of the ribosome along the mRNA strand (the direction of
translation).
5’ to 3’
13. Explain the process of translation in four stages:
Keywords: mRNA, ribosome, small subunit, large subunit, start codon, AUG, tRNA
Explanation:
1. Initiation
Keywords: amino acids, peptide bond, transfer, anticodon, tRNA
Explanation:
2. Elongation
Keywords:tRNA, mRNA, codon, release
Explanation:
3. Translocation
Keywords: stop codon, release/ detachment
Explanation:
4. Termination
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5. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
14. Show how a dipeptide is formed through condensation, labeling the peptide bond.
15. Distinguish between polypeptides produced by free ribsomes and those produced by bound
ribosomes, such as in the RER. (Revision: exocytosis)
Free ribosomes:
RER-bound ribosomes:
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6. Essential Biology 7.3 & 7.4 Transcription & Translation (AHL) Due Date:
Student Name: Candidate Number: 002171-
Works Cited
1. Allott, Andrew.IB Study Guide: Biology for the IB Diploma. s.l. : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978-0-
19-915143-1.
2. Mindorff, D and Allott, A.Biology Course Companion. Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2007. 978-
099151240.
3. Clegg, CJ.Biology for the IB Diploma. London : Hodder Murray, 2007. 978-0340926529.
4. Campbell N., Reece J., Taylor M., Simon. E.Biology Concepts and Connections. San Fransisco : Pearson
Benjamin Cummings, 2006. 0-8053-7160-5.
5. Taylor, Stephen.Science Video Resources. [Online] Wordpress, 2010.
http://sciencevideos.wordpress.com.
6. Burrell, John.Click4Biology. [Online] 2010. http://click4biology.info/.
7. IBO.Biology Subject Guide. [Online] 2007. http://xmltwo.ibo.org/publications/migrated/production-
app2.ibo.org/publication/7/part/2/chapter/1.html.
Self Assessment:
Essential Biology Assessment
Criterion Complete (2) Partially complete (1) Self MrT
Presentation Complete and neat. All command terms
NA highlighted, tables and diagrams well presented.
&Organisation
Sources cited using the CSE (ISO 690 numerical)
Academic
NA method, with Works Cited section complete and
Honesty correct.
All answers for the following command terms Most answers for the following command terms
Objective 1
correct: correct:
understanding Define Draw Label List Measure State
Most answers for the following command terms
Objective 2 All answers for the following command terms correct:
correct:
understanding Annotate Apply Calculate Describe Distinguish Estimate Identify Outline
Most answers for the following command terms
All answers for the following command terms correct:
Objective3 correct:
understanding Analyse Comment Compare Construct Deduce Derive Design Determine Discuss
Evaluate Explain Predict Show Solve Sketch Suggest
Logic, notation, Answers are presented in a logical and concise
manner. SI units used most times, with correct
mathematical NA unit symbols and definitions of terms. All
working mathematical working shown.
Evidence is apparent of research and reading
beyond the textbook and presentations to find
Further research NA correct answers to challenging questions. If any
questions are unanswered, this criterion scores
zero.
Total (max 10):
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