The document provides information about DNA replication through a series of questions and answers. It discusses that semi-conservative replication results in one original parental strand and one newly synthesized complementary strand. It also describes some of the key enzymes and processes involved in DNA replication, including DNA polymerase, primase, helicase, topoisomerase, and ligase.

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CHECK YOUR LEARNING
DNA Synthesis (Replication)

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DNA Structure and Function
Which method of replication would result in a DNA strand that
contained fragments from both the parent strand and newly-
synthesized portions?
A) Interspersed replication
B) Conservative replication
C) Semi-conservative replication
D) Dispersive replication

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DNA Structure and Function
Which method of replication would result in a DNA strand that
contained fragments from both the parent strand and newly-
synthesized portions?
A) Interspersed replication
B) Conservative replication
C) Semi-conservative replication
D) Dispersive replication

4. What is meant by the term “semi-conservative replication”?
a) Replication requires a primer.
b) A single strand of DNA is synthesized complementary to a template
strand, thus resulting in a double-stranded molecule where one strand is
the original template, and the other is newly synthesized, complementary
DNA.
c) The double-stranded DNA molecule includes strands that contain
mixtures of template (original) and new nucleotides.
d) First the leading strand is synthesized, then the lagging strand.

5. What is meant by the term “semi-conservative replication”?
a) Replication requires a primer.
b) A single strand of DNA is synthesized complementary to a template
strand, thus resulting in a double-stranded molecule where one
strand is the original template, and the other is newly synthesized,
complementary DNA.
c) The double-stranded DNA molecule includes strands that contain
mixtures of template (original) and new nucleotides.
d) First the leading strand is synthesized, then the lagging strand.

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DNA Structure and Function
Which key factors were utilized by Meselson and Stahl to show
DNA replication followed a semi-conservative method?
A) Radiolabeled phosphate groups
B) Radiolabeled deoxyribose
C) Phosphorus isotopes
D) Nitrogen isotopes

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DNA Structure and Function
Which key factors were utilized by Meselson and Stahl to show
DNA replication followed a semi-conservative method?
A) Radiolabeled phosphate groups
B) Radiolabeled deoxyribose
C) Phosphorus isotopes
D) Nitrogen isotopes

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DNA Structure and Function
Which is the main enzyme that adds new deoxyribonucleotides
during DNA replication in prokaryotes?
A) DNA polymerase II
B) DNA polymerase I
C) DNA polymerase III
D) All of these.

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DNA Structure and Function
Which is the main enzyme that adds new deoxyribonucleotides
during DNA replication in prokaryotes?
A) DNA polymerase II
B) DNA polymerase I
C) DNA polymerase III
D) All of these.

10. DNA Structure and Function
Which is the enzyme that travels ahead of the replication form,
relaxing the double helix and making it possible for helicase to do
it’s work?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) DNA polymerase III
D) All of these.

11. DNA Structure and Function
Which is the enzyme that travels ahead of the replication form,
relaxing the double helix and making it possible for helicase to do
it’s work?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) DNA polymerase III
D) All of these.

12. DNA Structure and Function
Which is the enzyme that synthesizes short sequences of RNA,
used to allow DNA polymerase III to do it’s work?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) DNA polymerase I
D) Helicase.

13. DNA Structure and Function
Which is the enzyme that synthesizes short sequences of RNA,
used to allow DNA polymerase III to do it’s work?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) DNA polymerase I
D) Helicase.

14. DNA Structure and Function
What proteins are necessary for maintaining the replication fork?
(in other words, for keeping it open)
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) Ligase
D) Single strand binding proteins

15. DNA Structure and Function
What proteins are necessary for maintaining the replication fork?
(in other words, for keeping it open)
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) Ligase
D) Single strand binding proteins

16. DNA Structure and Function
What enzyme is necessary for sealing the gaps at the ends of
Okazaki fragments (in other words, catalyzing the formation of
phosphodiester linkages in those particular areas)?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) Ligase
D) Single strand binding proteins

17. DNA Structure and Function
What enzyme is necessary for sealing the gaps at the ends of
Okazaki fragments (in other words, catalyzing the formation of
phosphodiester linkages in those particular areas)?
A) Primase
B) Topoisomerase
C) Ligase
D) Single strand binding proteins

18. DNA Structure and Function
Label the leading and the lagging strands in the image below:
5’
3’
3’
5’

19. DNA Structure and Function
Label the leading and the lagging strands in the image below:
5’
3’
3’
5’
Leading strand
Lagging strand

20. DNA Structure and Function
Where will Okazaki fragments be found?
5’
3’
3’
5’
Leading strand
Lagging strand

21. DNA Structure and Function
Where will Okazaki fragments be found?
5’
3’
3’
5’
Leading strand
Lagging strand

22. DNA Structure and Function
In which direction will the overall synthesis proceed?
5’
3’
3’
5’
Leading strand
Lagging strand

23. DNA Structure and Function
In which direction will the overall synthesis proceed?
5’
3’
3’
5’
Leading strand
Lagging strand

24. DNA Structure and Function
What is an “origin”?
A) A protein that begins DNA synthesis.
B) A sequence of DNA that attracts proteins such as helicase.
C) A sequence of DNA that is the location where synthesis begins.
D) Both B and C.

25. DNA Structure and Function
What is an “origin”?
A) A protein that begins DNA synthesis.
B) A sequence of DNA that attracts proteins such as helicase.
C) A sequence of DNA that is the location where synthesis begins.
D) Both B and C.

26. DNA Structure and Function
DNA synthesis in eukaryotes is very similar to prokaryotes but
there are some differences. What are they?
A) Because eukaryotic chromosomes are linear they have telomeres at
the end. .
B) Eukaryotic chromosomes are much bigger, so you need many origins
of replication rather than one single one per chromosome.
C) Eukaryotic chromosomes aren’t replicated in a semi-conservative
manner.
D) Both A and B. .

27. DNA Structure and Function
DNA synthesis in eukaryotes is very similar to prokaryotes but
there are some differences. What are they?
A) Because eukaryotic chromosomes are linear they have telomeres at
the end. .
B) Eukaryotic chromosomes are much bigger, so you need many origins
of replication rather than one single one per chromosome.
C) Eukaryotic chromosomes aren’t replicated in a semi-conservative
manner.
D) Both A and B. .