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PRESENTED BY JENNY ONG
Dengue as a role of blood borne
disease
Introduction
 Blood borne disease is the disease that can be spread through
contamination of blood.
 Dengue is a viral infection that spread by mosquito.
 It is the most common infection with an estimated 50-100
million of cases annually.
 Infectious agent is Flaviviparus virus, with four serotypes of
virus, DEN-1 to DEN-4.
 Dengue virus is an endemic in more than 100 countries in the
tropics and subtropics area.
Transmission
 Transmitted through vector
 Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, A.polynesiensis,
A.scutellaris
 Human is the reservoir host
 Travel to dengue-endemic area
 Blood transfusion
 Mother-to-baby
Classification of dengue
Dengue fever
Dengue hemorrhagic fever
Dengue shock syndrome
Mechanism of infection
 Virus is spread by biting of mosquito from infected
person to another person only during the day.
 The virus passes to the lymph nodes and replicates
and finally spread to the circulation and tissues.
 Incubation period is 3 to 15 days (usually 7-10 days)
Phases of infection
 Febrile phase: Viremia-driven high fevers lasts for 2 to 7
days
 Critical/plasma leak phase: Sudden onset of varying
degrees of plasma leak into the pleural and abdominal
cavities lasts for 1 to 2 days
 Recovery or reabsorption phase: Reabsorption of
accumulated fluids including leaked plasma and
intravascular fluids, lasts for 2 to 4 days
Lab test
 Antigen NS1 test
 ELISA- IgG, IgM antibodies
 Blood cultures- isolate the virus
 Full blood count
 Liver function test
 PCR- Nucleic acid detection
Lab findings
 Presence of NS1 viral protein, antibodies against
dengue in the blood
 Leukopenia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia
 Elevated transaminases (ALT and AST)
 Plasma leakage results in hemoconcentration and
hypoalbuminaemia
 Acute hepatitis
Management
 There is no specific drugs for dengue.
 Treatment focus on maintaining proper fluid balance.
 Paracetamol is prescribed.
 Blood transfusion under severe conditions.
 Monitoring vital signs and blood volume.
 Invasive medical procedures and NSAIDs are avoided.
Prevention
 No approved vaccines
 Control of vector
 Tip out water from things like pot plant bases, plastic
containers, tin cans or buckets
 Store anything that can hold water undercover or in a dry place
 Throw out any rubbish lying around the yard
 Repellent
Conclusion
 Dengue is a viral infection that transmitted by the bite of
an infected Aedes species.
 Dengue fever is characterized by high
fever, rashes, muscle and joint pain.
 It can lead to death when it develops into severe cases
such as DHF and DSS.
 Control of the vector by reducing the breeding sites, good
sewage management and use of insecticides.
References
 Viral infection, dengue. Current medical diagnosis
and treatment, written by Stephen J.McPhee,
Maxine A.Papadakis: 1349-1351
 Dengue viral infections, written by Malavige GN,
Fernando S: 588-601

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Dengue fever presentation

  • 1. PRESENTED BY JENNY ONG Dengue as a role of blood borne disease
  • 2. Introduction  Blood borne disease is the disease that can be spread through contamination of blood.  Dengue is a viral infection that spread by mosquito.  It is the most common infection with an estimated 50-100 million of cases annually.  Infectious agent is Flaviviparus virus, with four serotypes of virus, DEN-1 to DEN-4.  Dengue virus is an endemic in more than 100 countries in the tropics and subtropics area.
  • 3. Transmission  Transmitted through vector  Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, A.polynesiensis, A.scutellaris  Human is the reservoir host  Travel to dengue-endemic area  Blood transfusion  Mother-to-baby
  • 4. Classification of dengue Dengue fever Dengue hemorrhagic fever Dengue shock syndrome
  • 5. Mechanism of infection  Virus is spread by biting of mosquito from infected person to another person only during the day.  The virus passes to the lymph nodes and replicates and finally spread to the circulation and tissues.  Incubation period is 3 to 15 days (usually 7-10 days)
  • 6. Phases of infection  Febrile phase: Viremia-driven high fevers lasts for 2 to 7 days  Critical/plasma leak phase: Sudden onset of varying degrees of plasma leak into the pleural and abdominal cavities lasts for 1 to 2 days  Recovery or reabsorption phase: Reabsorption of accumulated fluids including leaked plasma and intravascular fluids, lasts for 2 to 4 days
  • 7.
  • 8. Lab test  Antigen NS1 test  ELISA- IgG, IgM antibodies  Blood cultures- isolate the virus  Full blood count  Liver function test  PCR- Nucleic acid detection
  • 9. Lab findings  Presence of NS1 viral protein, antibodies against dengue in the blood  Leukopenia, lymphocytosis, thrombocytopenia  Elevated transaminases (ALT and AST)  Plasma leakage results in hemoconcentration and hypoalbuminaemia  Acute hepatitis
  • 10.
  • 11. Management  There is no specific drugs for dengue.  Treatment focus on maintaining proper fluid balance.  Paracetamol is prescribed.  Blood transfusion under severe conditions.  Monitoring vital signs and blood volume.  Invasive medical procedures and NSAIDs are avoided.
  • 12. Prevention  No approved vaccines  Control of vector  Tip out water from things like pot plant bases, plastic containers, tin cans or buckets  Store anything that can hold water undercover or in a dry place  Throw out any rubbish lying around the yard  Repellent
  • 13. Conclusion  Dengue is a viral infection that transmitted by the bite of an infected Aedes species.  Dengue fever is characterized by high fever, rashes, muscle and joint pain.  It can lead to death when it develops into severe cases such as DHF and DSS.  Control of the vector by reducing the breeding sites, good sewage management and use of insecticides.
  • 14. References  Viral infection, dengue. Current medical diagnosis and treatment, written by Stephen J.McPhee, Maxine A.Papadakis: 1349-1351  Dengue viral infections, written by Malavige GN, Fernando S: 588-601