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CURRICULUM &
MATERIAL
DEVELOPMENT
BY: NURHAYATI, M.Pd.

UHAMKA 2011
The first meeting
   1. What is curriculum?

   2. What is syllabus?

   3. The difference between curriculum and
    syllabus
What is curriculum?
   A curriculum is the set of courses, course
    work, and content offered at a school or
    university.
   A curriculum is a focus of study, consisting of
    various courses all designed to reach a
    particular proficiency or qualification.
   A curriculum may also refer to a defined and
    prescribed course of studies, which students
    must fulfill in order to pass a certain level of
    education.
“Curriculum is a very general concept which
involves consideration of the whole complex of
philosophical, social and administrative
factors which contribute to the planning of an
educational program.” (Nunan, 2000: 6)
Curriculum can be defined, as an
educational program which states:

   “The educational purpose of the program (the
    ends)
   The content teaching procedures and learning
    experience which will be necessary to achieve
    this purpose (the means)
   Some means for assessing whether or not the
    educational ends have been achieved.”
    ( Richards, Platt and Platt 1993: 94)
Kerr defines curriculum as, 'All the learning
which is planned and guided by the school,
whether it is carried on in groups or
individually, inside or outside the school.
(quoted in Kelly 1983: 10; see also, Kelly
1999)
Four ways of approaching curriculum
theory and practice

   Curriculum as a body of knowledge to be
    transmitted.
    Curriculum as an attempt to achieve certain
    ends in students - product.
    Curriculum as process.
    Curriculum as praxis.
The                           The
              The practical
theoretical                   productive



 syllabus       process       product



                 praxis
Model of curriculum design
1. learners’ present level of
competence
2. Course objective

3. Reason for studying English and       A. Language and procedures to be
long term learning aims                  covered by the course (1,2,3)


4. Resource limitation that affect       B. Emphasis on particular skills
                                         (1,2,3,4)
classroom activity
                                         C. Methodology to be used; type and
5. Social cultural factors and           sequencing of activities (4,5,6)
learning habits of relevance to
English teaching                         D. Themes for course materials and
6. Learners’ age group, present life     texts: choice of suitable text book
style and interest

7. Aspect of target culture that will
interest learners and can be exploited
in materials
National curriculum
   Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor
    20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan
    Nasional.

    “Kurikulum adalah seperangkat rencana dan
    pengaturan mengenai tujuan, isi dan bahan
    pelajaran serta cara yang digunakan sebagai
    pedoman        penyelenggaraan     kegiatan
    pembelajaran     untuk   mencapai     tujuan
    pendidikan tertentu.”
KTSP
   Standar Isi
    SI mencakup lingkup materi dan tingkat
    kompetensi untuk mencapai kompetensi
    lulusan pada jenjang dan jenis pendidikan
    tertentu. Termasuk dalam SI adalah :
    kerangka dasar dan struktur kurikulum,
    Standar Kompetensi (SK) dan Kompetensi
    Dasar (KD) setiap mata pelajaran pada setiap
    semester dari setiap jenis dan jenjang
    pendidikan dasar dan menengah. SI
    ditetapkan dengan Kepmendiknas No. 22
   Standar Kompetensi Lulusan
    SKL merupakan kualifikasi kemampuan
    lulusan yang mencakup sikap, pengetahuan
    dan keterampilan sebagaimana yang
    ditetapkan dengan Kepmendiknas No. 23
    Tahun 2006.
   Tujuan Panduan Penyusunan KTSP ini untuk
    menjadi acuan bagi satuan pendidikan
    SD/MI/SDLB, SMP/MTs/SMPLB,
    SMA/MA/SMALB, dan SMK/MAK dalam
    penyusunan dan pengembangan kurikulum
    yang akan dilaksanakan pada tingkat satuan
    pendidikan yang bersangkutan.
What is syllabus?
   A syllabus is simply an outline and time line of
    a particular course. It will typically give a brief
    overview of the course objectives, course
    expectations, list reading assignments,
    homework deadlines, and exam dates.
   A syllabus is a document which consist,
    essentially, of list. This list specifies all the
    things that are to be taught in the course.
    ( Penny Ur, 1998)
The difference between
curriculum and syllabus
      Curriculum                         Syllabus
   Curriculum is for a            Syllabus is for a subject.
    course.                        Syllabus is the subset of
   Curriculum is the               the curriculum.
    superset.                      Syllabus is the concepts
   Curriculum is a                 to be taught.
    consideration of the
    objectives, the contents,
    methods chosen to
    achieve the objective.
Assignment
 make your own syllabus for teaching in an
 English course.
Sources
1.   James Dean Brown, The Element of
     Language Curriculum, Heinle & Heinle
     Publishers, 1995
2.   I.S.P. Nation & John Macalister, Language
     Curriculum Design, Taylor and Francis, 2010
3.   Jeremy Harmer, The practice of English
     Language Teaching, Pearson Education
     Limited, 2007
4.   Penny Ur, A Course in Language Teaching,
     Cambridge University Press, 1996

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Curriculum material-development-for-printing

  • 2. The first meeting  1. What is curriculum?  2. What is syllabus?  3. The difference between curriculum and syllabus
  • 3. What is curriculum?  A curriculum is the set of courses, course work, and content offered at a school or university.  A curriculum is a focus of study, consisting of various courses all designed to reach a particular proficiency or qualification.  A curriculum may also refer to a defined and prescribed course of studies, which students must fulfill in order to pass a certain level of education.
  • 4. “Curriculum is a very general concept which involves consideration of the whole complex of philosophical, social and administrative factors which contribute to the planning of an educational program.” (Nunan, 2000: 6)
  • 5. Curriculum can be defined, as an educational program which states:  “The educational purpose of the program (the ends)  The content teaching procedures and learning experience which will be necessary to achieve this purpose (the means)  Some means for assessing whether or not the educational ends have been achieved.” ( Richards, Platt and Platt 1993: 94)
  • 6. Kerr defines curriculum as, 'All the learning which is planned and guided by the school, whether it is carried on in groups or individually, inside or outside the school. (quoted in Kelly 1983: 10; see also, Kelly 1999)
  • 7. Four ways of approaching curriculum theory and practice  Curriculum as a body of knowledge to be transmitted.  Curriculum as an attempt to achieve certain ends in students - product.  Curriculum as process.  Curriculum as praxis.
  • 8. The The The practical theoretical productive syllabus process product praxis
  • 9. Model of curriculum design 1. learners’ present level of competence 2. Course objective 3. Reason for studying English and A. Language and procedures to be long term learning aims covered by the course (1,2,3) 4. Resource limitation that affect B. Emphasis on particular skills (1,2,3,4) classroom activity C. Methodology to be used; type and 5. Social cultural factors and sequencing of activities (4,5,6) learning habits of relevance to English teaching D. Themes for course materials and 6. Learners’ age group, present life texts: choice of suitable text book style and interest 7. Aspect of target culture that will interest learners and can be exploited in materials
  • 10. National curriculum  Undang-Undang Republik Indonesia Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 tentang Sistem Pendidikan Nasional. “Kurikulum adalah seperangkat rencana dan pengaturan mengenai tujuan, isi dan bahan pelajaran serta cara yang digunakan sebagai pedoman penyelenggaraan kegiatan pembelajaran untuk mencapai tujuan pendidikan tertentu.”
  • 11. KTSP  Standar Isi SI mencakup lingkup materi dan tingkat kompetensi untuk mencapai kompetensi lulusan pada jenjang dan jenis pendidikan tertentu. Termasuk dalam SI adalah : kerangka dasar dan struktur kurikulum, Standar Kompetensi (SK) dan Kompetensi Dasar (KD) setiap mata pelajaran pada setiap semester dari setiap jenis dan jenjang pendidikan dasar dan menengah. SI ditetapkan dengan Kepmendiknas No. 22
  • 12. Standar Kompetensi Lulusan SKL merupakan kualifikasi kemampuan lulusan yang mencakup sikap, pengetahuan dan keterampilan sebagaimana yang ditetapkan dengan Kepmendiknas No. 23 Tahun 2006.
  • 13. Tujuan Panduan Penyusunan KTSP ini untuk menjadi acuan bagi satuan pendidikan SD/MI/SDLB, SMP/MTs/SMPLB, SMA/MA/SMALB, dan SMK/MAK dalam penyusunan dan pengembangan kurikulum yang akan dilaksanakan pada tingkat satuan pendidikan yang bersangkutan.
  • 14. What is syllabus?  A syllabus is simply an outline and time line of a particular course. It will typically give a brief overview of the course objectives, course expectations, list reading assignments, homework deadlines, and exam dates.  A syllabus is a document which consist, essentially, of list. This list specifies all the things that are to be taught in the course. ( Penny Ur, 1998)
  • 15. The difference between curriculum and syllabus Curriculum Syllabus  Curriculum is for a  Syllabus is for a subject. course.  Syllabus is the subset of  Curriculum is the the curriculum. superset.  Syllabus is the concepts  Curriculum is a to be taught. consideration of the objectives, the contents, methods chosen to achieve the objective.
  • 16. Assignment make your own syllabus for teaching in an English course.
  • 17. Sources 1. James Dean Brown, The Element of Language Curriculum, Heinle & Heinle Publishers, 1995 2. I.S.P. Nation & John Macalister, Language Curriculum Design, Taylor and Francis, 2010 3. Jeremy Harmer, The practice of English Language Teaching, Pearson Education Limited, 2007 4. Penny Ur, A Course in Language Teaching, Cambridge University Press, 1996