Girls had less access to education than boys before the 1960s. Curriculums were differentiated by gender, with girls learning housework and boys focusing on other subjects to prepare them for government roles. While some improvements occurred in general social opportunities for women, the government stated women were biologically and psychologically different from men. After the 1960s, English state education policies aimed to provide more equal opportunities for women's education. However, into the 1990s, studies still found evidence of gender discrimination and stereotypes in education, though it took more subtle forms than outright denial of schooling.

1. Name : Shinta Ari Herdiana
SRN : 1001120553
Subject : Cross Cultural Understanding
Class : B
GENDER IN EDUCATION
A. SHORT HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON GENDER AND EDUCATION
BEFORE 1960S
In the nineteenth (19th) century was organized along the lines of a social class. Girls
rarely feature in general histories of mass schooling. For instance, there are number
historical documents on woman struggle to get access to secondary and higher education.
Some researcher noted that around the 19th century there were a few school for girls.
Girls were less likely to be sent to school, between boys and girls did not have the same
access to a common curriculum. Also in 1960 the boys are focus on government but girls
are at home.
Around the 1900s, the school curriculum still differentiated between boys and girls.
Girls had given lesson related to housework and to being a mother, but the boys were
not.
During the time, the government stated that women were different with men; not only
biologically but socially, intellectually and psychologically. Because of the statement,
there were improvement that occurred gradually in spite of the rise is only in general
social.
B. SHORT HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVES ON GENDER AND EDUCATION
AFTER 1960S
In the middle of 1980s, the English state education has its national that give
opportunities for women to change at an individual or social level. The current situation
shows that girls and women have been granted more equal access to education.
Around 1990s, there were many articles showed that gender discriminations in
education skill exist. Even, stereotypical perceptions of female conformity mean female
success is often explained in term of diligence rather than ability. At present, the
discrimination perhaps is not as obvious as before, although it is in different form.

2. GENDER ISSUES IN CROSS CULTURAL COMMUNICATION