1. Submitted by:-
ABDUR - AFTAB - SAJID – SHAHROZ – RASHID - VAISHALI

2. COPPER AS AN ELEMENT
 Periodic symbol: Cu.
 Density: 8930kg/m3.
 Melting point: 1083˚C.
 Thermal expansion: 0.0168mm/m/˚C (20-100˚).
 Tensile strength: 210 - 240 N/mm2
PROPERTIES OF COPPER
 Copper is a reddish coloured metallic metal
and is ductile.
 Copper is easily transformed mechanically or
by hand.
 COMPATIBILITY
CHARACTERISTICS
Light in weight
Low thermal movement

3. OCCURRENCE
 Copper is present in the Earth's crust at a concentration of about 50 parts per million
(ppm),where it occurs as native copper or in minerals such as the copper
sulfides chalcopyrite and chalcocite, copper carbonates azurite and malachite and
the copper(I) oxide mineral cuprite.
PRODUCTION
Most copper is mined or extracted as
copper sulfides from large open pit
mines in porphyry copper deposits that
contain 0.4 to 1.0% copper.
EXTRACTION OF COPPER
Copper is extracted from Copper sulphide via heat. This is the most traditional method of
extraction. This method of thermal decomposition uses a lot of energy and releases toxic
sulphur dioxide into the air. Pure copper is extracted via electrolysis.
Copper (II) sulphide copper + sulphur dioxideHeat
 Indefinite life
 No maintenance
 Durable
 Cost-effective
CuS(s) Cu(s) + SO2(g)
EXTRACTION OF COPPER

4. HISTORY OF COPPER
 Copper is one of the oldest metals of mankind. It’s history traces back over 10,000 years.
 The Bronze age was named after the well known copper alloy.
 Copper was the first metal to be mined and crafted by man. It was used for tools, weapons, art
objects and ornaments.
 Copper was used as early as : 7000BC to
make weapons ,5000BC to make jewellery
and ornaments due to it’s colour.
THE NARA BUDDHA,JAPAN USE OF COPPER IN MAKING TOOLS
COPPER PLATE REPRODUCTIONS
COPPER PLATE
BEING
HAMMERED
STATUE OF LIBERTY HILDERSHEIM CATHEDRAL,1280

5. PROUCTION OF COPPER
Source
SECONDARYPRIMARY
TYPES OF
COPPER
PRODUCTION
MADE FROM CONCENTRATES
AND PRECIPITATe EG
CEMENT COPPER
MADE FROM SCRAP
MATERIALS EG. OLD SCRAP
S.NO PURE COPPER ALLOYED COPPER
1. Used for sheet and strip applications in roofing, exterior
cladding, and flashing, intricate ornamental work
Copper alloys, such as brass and
bronze, are also used in residential
and commercial building
structures.
2. major use for high-yield copper is in flashing products, where
malleability and strength are both important
Variations in color stem primarily
from differences in the alloy
chemical composition.
COPPER- PURE/ALLOYED

6. ALLOYS OF COPPER
S.NO COMPONENTS ALLOY USES
1. COPPER+ZINC BRASS BULLETS,PLUMBING,HANDLES
2. COPPER+TIN BRONZE LEAD FREE SOLDERS
3. COPPER+NICKEL CUPRONICKEL USED FOR OUTER CLADDING AND COINS
4. COPPER+ALUMINIUM CUPROALUMINIUM HAVE A GOLDEN COLOR USED FOR
DECORATIONS
5. GOLD/SILVER COPPER JEWELRY INDUSTRY AND CONSTITUENTS
OF CARAT SILVER AND GOLD
DEVELOPMENT OF A PATINA COLOURS OF ALLOYED COPPER

7. USES OF COPPER USES OF COPPER
COPPER
ALLOYS
COPPER
TUBE
OTHER
COPPER SHEET/ STRIP
WIRE
ROD
ESTIMATED COPPER CONSUMPTION IN INDIA

8. USES OF COPPER

9. USE OF COPPER IN A BUILDING – EXAMPLE TAKEN OF A HOUSE
ROOFING
e.g.- SHINGLES/SHEETS
AS A ROD IN
WATER HEATERS
BATH TUBS
PIPES
INTERIORS
GUTTERS
CONTAINER
WASH BASIN
RODS
WIRES
UTENSILS
ACCESSORIES
STOVE
EXTERIOR
e.g.- CLADDING

10. COPPER IN BUILDING
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp
PIPES
SERVICES
DUCTS

11. USE OF COPPER IN ARCHITECTURE
 EXTERIOR
 INTERIOR
 SERVICES

12. EXTERIOR
Source: http://www.sabmagazine.com/blog/2011/05/24/modular-exterior-cladding-systems/
1. WALL CLADDNG
2. ROOFING – ROOF TILES
3. AWNING
4. SCOUNCES
5. ROOF TOP
6. WALL PANELLING
7. FENCING WITH POINTERS
8. EXTERIOR /WALL LIGHTING
9. LIGHTENING RODS
1. 3.2.
4. 5. 6.
8.7. 9.

13. COPPER HAS BEEN USED AS A COMPONENT IN CERAMIC
GLAZESAND STAINED GLASS.
COPPER HOUSE
DUE TO THE WATERPROOF NATURE OF COPPER, IT HAS
BEEN USED AS THE ROOFING MATERIAL.
COPPER CLADDING
Source: http://peckham2.tumblr.com/materials
ALSO USED IN MARINE CONSTRUCTION

14. High above the roof, copper spikes are connected to a very thick copper cable which leads to
a large metal plate underneath the ground. The electric current is dispersed throughout the
ground harmlessly, instead of destroying the main structure.
COPPER CLADDING
LIGHTENING PROTECTION
COPPER SHINGLES
Source: http://peckham2.tumblr.com/materials
PRE PATINATED COPPER

15. Source: http://www.sabmagazine.com/blog/2011/05/24/modular-exterior-cladding-systems/
Copper roofing
1. Dome
2. Steeple
3. Flat panel
4. Panel with
connected clips
1.
3.
4.
2.
COPPER ROOF
INSTALLATION
COPPER TILE

16. Source: copper roofing design by copper development association
Copper roofing–EXAMPLE
momentum place, 62 storey office building,dallas,texas
 Architect: John Burgee Architects, New York
 Roofing contractor: Armetco systems Inc. , Irving,tx
 Use of intersecting barrel vaults
SIGNIFICANT ROOF DESIGN
 Features over 26,000 sq.ft of
curvilinear copper roof surface
chosen to provide
 The desired and to confront the
challenge of handling enormous
volumes of water over time.
 The copper cladding intersecting
barrel vaults each has a radius of over
34 feet.
PESENT CONDITION

17. Copper flashings and copings
Copper flashing
 Usage-wherever a wall intersects a roof
 Description- Such a system usually consists of copper counterflashing and base flashing in
conjunction with roof composition flashing or coping. The counterflashing diverts water to
the base flashing, which, in turn, diverts it to the composition flashing.
Source: http://www.architecture-buildings.com/post/new-structure-rebuilding-project-svalbard-science-centre-by-jarmund-vigsn%C3%A6s-as/

18. Gutters and strip section
Source: http://www.architecture-buildings.com/post/new-structure-rebuilding-project-svalbard-science-centre-by-jarmund-vigsn%C3%A6s-as/
GUTTER ATTACHED TO ROOF DETAIL AT C
DETAIL AT A
DETAIL AT B
SECTION
DETAIL - D
A
B
C
D

19. Wall cladding
Source: http://www.architecture-buildings.com/post/new-structure-rebuilding-project-svalbard-science-centre-by-jarmund-vigsn%C3%A6s-as/

20. Source: http://greentasreno.wordpress.com/picture-page/doordreamings/
EXTERIOR– CASE STUDY- EXAMPLE- PEKHAM LIBRARY, LONDON
PRESENT CONDITION

21. INTERIOR
Source :http://www.docstoc.com/documents/most-recent INTERNAL LAYOUT
1. KITCHEN-
Hoods,basins,pipes,stoves,
rack,utensils,etc
1. DRAWING ROOM-
Furnitures,decorative
items,accessories,etc
2. BEDROOMS – Wall
cladding,furnitures,etc.
3. TOILETS-
Basins,services,pipes
4. LIVING AREA-
Furnitures,wall
cladding,doors,etc
1.
2.3.3.4.
4.
3.

22. COPPER USED IN INTERIORS
FOOD COURT IN A MALL,
AMSTERDAM, MADE OF COPPER
COPPER SUNSHADE
Source: library, book: exteriors by Ashleigh Barack
1. SUNSHADE
2. FOOD COURT
3. INTERIOR WALL CLADDING
1. 2.
3.

23. SERVICES
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp
1.
7.
11.
10.
4.3.2.
6.
13.
12.1. FASTENERS,SCREWS,RIVETS
2. RAIN CHAIN LOOPS
3. WALL VENT
4. ROOF VENT
5. PIPES
6. DOWNSPOUTS
7. GUTTERS
8. GUTTER RIVET
9. GUTTER SCREW
10. LEADER HEAD
11. GUTTER SPOUT
12. WIRE
13. FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM
14. LIGHTING PROTECTION
5.
14.
5.

24. Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp
SERVICES - APPLICATIONS
1. Underground water services
2. Water distribution systems
3. Chilled water mains
4. Drainage and vent systems
5. Heating
6. Fuel Oil, L.P. and Natural Gas Services
7. Nonflammable Medical Gas Systems
8. Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Systems
9. Ground Source Heat Pump Systems
10. Fire Sprinkler Systems
11. Compressed Air
12. Copper Pipes
13. Copper wire - power generation, power transmission, power distribution,
telecommunications , etc.
3.
13.
5.12.

25. TYPE K
TYPES OF
COPPER TUUBING
S.NO. TYPE CHARACTERISTICS REMARKS
1. K SIZE 3/8" to 12"
BURSTING
PRESSURE
more than 5,000 lbs. per sq. inch
APPLICATION used in underground installations and for almost all general heating and plumbing
purposes
2. L SIZE 3/4"
INSTALLATION is used chiefly for medium-pressure interior plumbing, and for steam and hot-water
heating systems
BURSTING
PRESSURE
4,000 pounds per square inch.
APPLICATION It should not be used outdoors in underground connections.
3. M SIZE 2 1/2" to 12“
INSTALLATION used where water conditions are normal for low-pressure plumbing
BURSTING
PRESSURE
3,000 pounds per square
APPLICATION in a place where piping will not be subjected to considerable pressure and a lighter
tubing is necessary
TYPE L TYPE M
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp

26. USES OF COPPER PIPES
S.NO TUBE TYPE COLOR
CODE
APPLICATION
DOMESTIC
WATER
SERVICE
ANDDISTR.
FIRE
PROTECT.
SOLAR
FUELOIL
HVAC
SNOW
MELTING
COMPRESS.
AIR
LPG
VACUUM
1. TYPE K GREEN
2. TYPE L BLUE
3. TYPE M RED
4. DWV YELLOW
5. ACR BLUE
6. OXY/MED GREEN(K)
BLUE(L)
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp

27. ADVANTAGES OF COPPER PIPES
 Copper is economical.
 Copper is lightweight.
 Copper is formable (can be easily bent).
 Copper is easy to join.
 Leak proof
 Copper is safe (Don’t burn )
 Copper is long-lasting (Excellent resistant corrosion)
 Copper is 100% recyclable.
YERINGTON COPPER MINE (UNITED STATES)
COPPER PRODUCTION IN WORLD

28. SECTION OF COPPER FITTINGS
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp

29. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS
S.NO CHARACTERISTICS CAST IRON COPPER BRASS
1. Working life Short Longest Longer
2. Hygiene Bad Best Good
3. Weight Heavy Lighter Light
4. Installation Difficult Easy Easy
5. Cutting Difficult Easier Easy
6. Bending Low Highest High
7. Corrosive resistance Bad Best Good
8. Pressure Resistance Best Good Good
9. Leak proof Bad Best Good
10. Transport cost Highest High Low
11. Durability Good Best Better
12. Linear expansion High Low Moderate
Source: http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp
POOREST
MODERATE
BEST

30. VISUAL CASE STUDY – YALE PHYSIATRIC INSTITUTE,A THREE BUILDING
RESIDENTIAL BUILDING, NEW HEAVEN,NEW ENGLAND
Architect: Frank O Gehry And Associates, Santa Maria
MADE UP OF COPPER SHEET

31. COPPER PAINT WITH P
ATINA TREATMENT
COPPER PAINT ON EMBOSSED WALLPAPER
COPPER PANELS
CASE STUDY – DS DOORS,FARIDABAD
COPPER PIPES- IN SERVICES COPPER TAB
SELECT CITY WALK MALL,SAKET

32. COPPER SPOUTS
LIVE CASE STUDY
COPPER WASH BASIN
BASEMENT SERVICES
WIRES,WASHER,MALE JOINT
WELDING OF COPPER

33. Rate analysis
6" X 6" / .001" (10 Sheets)
RS 1925
6" X 6" / .001 (20 sheets)
RS 3300
6" X 12" / .001" (10 sheets)
RS 3300
6" X 4'/.001" 1 Roll
RS 1375
6" X 8'/.001" 1 Roll
RS 2420
6" X 10'/.001" 1 Roll
RS 2750
6" X 20'/ .001" 1 Roll
RS 3630
6" X 1089'/ Bulk Copper Roll
(25lbs)
RS 39,875
12" X 12"/ 1 Mil (.001") (5
Sheets)
RS 2750
12" X 4'/ 1 Mil (.001") 1 Roll
RS 1760
12" X 8'/ 1 Mil (.001") 1 Roll
RS 2750
12" X 10'/ 1 Mil (.001") 1
Roll
RS 2915
12" X 20'/ 1 Mil (.001") 1 Roll
RS 4345
12" X 543'/ 1 Mil Bulk Copper Roll
(25 lbs)
RS 39875
18" X 4'/ 1 mil (.001") 1 Roll
RS 2035
Rate – 430/kg  Birla
 Vedant group
 Essar
 Sail
 Tata

34. BOOKS:
 Copper – Ashleigh Bareham
 Architectural applications- John Ashard
 Role of copper, brass and bronze in architecture and design by Wayne seale
 Copper roofing design by copper development association
WEBSITES:
 http://www.matweb.com/reference/copper-alloys.aspx
 ASTM B601 Heat Treating Temper Codes for Coppers and Copper Alloys
 ASTM Specification Codes for Coppers and Copper Alloys
 Federal Specification Codes for Coppers and Copper Alloys
 http://adpinj.com/copper_panels__sheets
 http://www.copperinfo.co.uk/publications-and-software/homepage.shtml#generalinfo
 http://www.docstoc.com/documents/most-recent
 http://www.sabmagazine.com/blog/2011/05/24/modular-exterior-cladding-systems
 http://peckham2.tumblr.com/materials
 http://www.rutlandguttersupply.com/gutter-supplies.asp
 http://www.architecture-buildings.com/post/new-structure-rebuilding-project-svalbard-
science-centre-by-jarmund-vigsn%C3%A6s-as
 http://www.strips/reference/copper-brass.amlx
 http://wikipedia.com
 http://fgnbifg.com/copper_copper_rates.co
BIBLIOGRAPHY

35. THANKYOU
Submitted by:-
ABDUR - AFTAB - SAJID – SHAHROZ – RASHID - VAISHALI