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Classification of copper and copper alloys
1. There are two main classifications of copper alloys - wrought alloys and cast alloys. Wrought alloys can be forged, rolled, or worked hot or cold, while cast alloys are designed to be cast. 2. Copper alloys include brasses, bronzes, copper-nickel alloys, and nickel silvers. Brasses are copper-zinc alloys, bronzes are copper-tin alloys, copper-nickels contain copper and nickel, and nickel silvers contain copper, nickel, and zinc. 3. Alloying elements are added to copper to influence properties like strength, color, conductivity, machinability, corrosion resistance, and wear
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Classification of copper and copper alloys
- 1. CLASSIFICATION OF COPPER ANDCOPPER ALLOYS
- 2. Designated of alloys 1.WROUGHT ALLOYS DESIGNATED C16000 - C79999 FORGED,ROLLED,HOT AND COLD WORK CAN BE DONE Generic name UNS numbers Composition Wrought alloys Coppers C10100-C15760 >99%Cu High-copper alloys C16200-C19600 >96%Cu Brasses C20500-C28580 Cu-Zn Leaded brasses C31200-C38590 Cu-Zn-Pb Tin brasses C40400-C49080 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb Phosphor bronzes C50100-C52400 Cu-Sn-P Leaded phosphor bronzes C53200-C54800 Cu-Sn-Pb-P Copper-phosphorus and copper-silver phosphorus alloys C55180-C55284 Cu-P-Ag Aluminum bronzes C60600-C64400 Cu-Al-Ni-Fe-Si-Sn Silicon bronzes C64700-C66100 Cu-Si-Sn Other copper-zinc alloys C66400-C69900 Copper-nickels C70000-C79900 Cu-Ni-Fe Nickel silvers C73200-C79900 Cu-Ni-Zn Unified Numbering System(UNS) Three digit xxx UNS of five digits xxxxx Starts with C
- 3. 2. CAST ALLOYS DESIGNATEDC81300 - C99999 THESE ALLOYS CAN BE CASTED Cast alloys Coppers C80100-C81100 >99%Cu High-copper alloys C81300-C82800 >96%Cu Red and leaded red brasses C83300-C85800 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb(75-89%Cu) Yellow and leaded yellow brasses C85200-C85800 Cu-Zn-Sn-Pb(57-74%Cu) Manganese bronzes and leaded manganese bronzes C86100-C86800 Cu-Zn-Mn-Fe-Pb Silicon bronzes, silicon brasses C87300-C87900 Cu-Zn-Si Tin bronzes and leaded tin bronzes C90200-C94500 Cu-Sn-Zn-Pb Nickel-tin bronzes C94700-C94900 Cu-Ni-Sn-Zn-Pb Aluminum bronzes C95200-C95810 Cu-Al-Fe-Ni Copper-nickels C96200-C96800 Cu-Ni-Fe Nickel silvers C97300-C97800 Cu-Ni-Zn-Pb-Sn Leaded coppers C98200-C98800 Cu-Pb Miscellaneous alloys C99300-C99750
- 4. Classification of copperalloys THERE ARE FIVE DIFFERENT CLASSIFICATION OF COPPER ALLOYS 1)Unalloyed Copper 2)Brasses • Copper – Zinc alloys • Copper – Lead alloys • Copper – Zinc alloys with Tin and Aluminium additions 3)Bronze • Copper – Tin alloys • Copper – Aluminium alloys • Copper – Silicon alloys • Copper – Beryllium alloys 4) Cu-Ni based • Cupronickel (Cu-Ni) • Nickel silver (Cu-Ni-Zn 5) Nickel silver
- 5. 1)Unalloyed Copper Coppercontent > 99.3% Roughly classify into three categories • Electrolytic tough pitch This copper contains 99.9% Cu with 0.045 O content • Oxygen – free Oxygen-free copper is produced from electrorefined cathode copper which is melt and cast in a reducing atmosphere of CO and N to prevent O. • Phosphorus deoxidized Phosphorus is sufficiently added to produce phosphoruspentoxide P2O5
- 6. 2) Brass There aretwo Class of brass The alpha alloys with less than 37% Zinc. These alloys are ductile and can be cold worked. The alpha/beta or duplex alloys with 37-45% Zinc. These alloys have limited cold ductility and are typically harder and stronger Families of Brass Cast alloy brasses Copper-Tin-Zinc alloys (red, semi- red and yellow brasses) Cast Copper-Bismuth and Copper- Bismuth-Selenium alloys. Copper-Zinc-Silicon alloys (Silicon brasses and bronzes) wrought alloy brasses Copper-Zinc alloys Copper-Zinc-Tin alloys (Tin brasses) Copper-Zinc-Lead alloys (Leaded brasses)
- 7. 3) Bronze families ofbronze are Cast bronze alloys Copper-Tin alloys (Tin Bronzes) Copper-Tin-Lead alloys (Leaded and high leaded Tin Bronzes) Copper-Tin-Nickel alloys (nickel-tin bronzes) Copper-Aluminium alloys (Aluminium Bronzes) Wrought alloys Copper-Tin-Phosphorus alloys (Phosphor Bronzes) Copper-Tin-Lead-Phosphorus alloys (Leaded Phosphor Bronzes) Copper-Aluminium alloys (Aluminium Bronzes)
- 8. Alloying Element Strength Color Electrical and thermal conductivity Machinability Corrosion resistant Wear resistant
- 10. Special Alloys which don'tfall in any category which are mentioned FREE MACHINING COPPERS COPPER-TUNGSTEN ALLOY