Bronze is an alloy of copper and another metal, usually tin. The document discusses different types of bronze including tin bronze, aluminum bronze, silicon bronze, beryllium bronze, leaded bronze, and phosphor bronze. It provides the typical compositions and common uses of each type. Some key uses of bronze alloys include marine fittings, gears, bearings, and corrosion resistant applications due to its hardness, strength, and corrosion resistance compared to copper. The document also notes advantages like machinability and weldability, as well as disadvantages like being softer than steel.

1. NON-FERROUS METALS—BRONZE
P.MOHAN BHARATHY
MECHANICAL

2. BRONZE
 Bronze is an alloy made of copper and
another metal, usually tin.
 Bronze is 88% copper and 12% tin.
 Bronze usually is a golden hard, brittle metal
 Microstructure of the bronze

3. TYPES:
Types of bronze
 Tin bronzes
 Aluminium bronze
 Silicon bronzes
 Beryllium bronzes

4. TIN BRONZES
 Bronzes of alloy of copper and tin.
 It is soluble in 1% in tin at room temperature
 It is 13.5% of tin at 798oc.
Plain tin bronze:
Bronze and Tin containings:
Wrought iron:
Alloy containing up to 8% tin
They contain only α- phase. They are
absence in β phase enable to shape
easily in cold working operation.
These are mostly used for sheets
and wires.

5. PLAIN TIN BRONZE:
Cast alloys:
Alloys containing between 8 to
12% of tin
They used for gears, machine parts and
heavy load bearings.
Alloys containing between 12 to
20% of tin
They used for make bearings.
Alloys containing between 20 to
25% of tin
This type of alloys are very hard and brittle,
and give ringing sound. They are used to
make bells and bell metals.

6. TIN BRONZE

7. ALUMINIUM BRONZE
Typical composition:
 Copper 80%
 Aluminium 10%
 Nickel 5%
 Iron 5%
 A type of BRONZE is mixed to Al,
added to copper. Small amounts of
other elements such as Fe, Mn, Ni
and silicon are added for corrosion
resistance.
Uses:
It is used in marine environment.
It is used in fittings.

8. SILICON BRONZE
Typical composition:
 Copper 96%
 Silicon 3%
 Manganase 1%
 Has small amounts of silicon
to allow it to be wrought or cold
worked into a stronger alloy
such as by rolling.
Uses:
 It is also resistant to corrosion
and therefore good for use in the
marine environment.

9. PHOSPHOR BRONZE
Typical composition:
 Copper 94.8%
 Tin 5%
 Phosphorus 0.2%
 Usually not more than 0.2% of the Phosphur is used in the metal.
 Phosphor being the main alloy metal
 Manufacture to purify the melt and create a purer stronger type
of bronze.
Uses:
 It is very corrosion resistant and therefore good in the marine
environment.

10. BERYLLIUM BRONZES
 It is soluble in copper upto 2.1% at 870oc.
 In this bronze containing 3%Be.
 It is available in cast or wrought form.
Properties:
It is good corrosion resistance.
It is high fatigue resistance.
Uses:
It is uses in gears, diaphragms and bearings.
It is used in electrical conducts and moulds of forming
plastics.
It is high cost of Be, is not used in many properties.

11. LEADED BRONZE
Typical composition:
 Copper 85%
 Lead 5%
 Tin 5%
 Zinc 5%
 bronze alloy that has a small amount of lead, tin and
zinc added in similar quantities.
Uses:
 It is good for use in the marine environment.
 Leaded Gunmetal of lead with bronze is used in the
weapons.

12. ADVANDAGES AND DISADVANDAGES:
 Advantages: Bronze is an alloy consisting mainly of copper but the
addition of other metals (usually tin) produces an alloy much harder
than plain copper. Bronze metal fatigue better, and conducts heat
and electricity, better than most steels.
 Corrosion Resistance - By forming a protective surface film, most
copper alloys resist many corrosive environments
 Withstand High Temperatures - Several families of bronze alloys
work well in elevated temperature environments
 Friction and Wear - Copper alloys wear well against steel and are
used in numerous bearing and gear components
 Good Machinability - In general, copper alloys are easy to machine
compared to steel
 Weldability - Many grades can be welded
 Brazing and Soldering - All grades of copper alloys can be brazed
and soldered
 Disadvantages: Bronzes are generally softer, weaker and more
expensive than steel.
.

13. APPLICATION:
 Bronze was especially suitable for use in boat and
ship due to toughness and resistance to salt water
corrosion.
 Bronze parts are tough and typically used
forbearings, clips, electrical connectors and springs
 Bronze is still commonly used in ship propellers and
submerged bearings.
 Sculptors may prefer silicon bronze because of the
ready availability of silicon bronze.
 Aluminium bronze widely used for cast bronze
sculpture.
 Phosphor bronze used in guitar and piano strings

14. THANK
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