Medicinal plants are considered as a rich resources of ingredients which can be used in drug development. More than 30% of the entire plant species, at one time or other were used for medicinal purposes. It has been estimated that in developed countries like United States, plant drugs constitute as much as 25% of the total drugs, while in fast developing countries like India and China the contribution is as much as 80%. These countries provide two third of the plants used in modern system of medicine and the health care system of rural population depend on indigenous systems of medicine. Most of the drugs are considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects.
Introduction- PTERIDOPHYTES
Pteridophytes in the broad interpretation of the term are vascular plants (plants with xylem & phloem) that reproduce & disperse via spores, because they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are refered to as CRYPTOGAMS.
The 305 genera & 13,000 species of pteridophytes found throughout the world.
The pteridophyte includes Clubmosses,SPike-mosses, Quilworts,Horsetails,Ferns.
FERNS -Adiantum (Maiden-hair fern)
(Family-Pteridaceae)
A.pedatum, A. raddianum(Delta-maiden hair),
Asplenium, (FAMILY-ASPLENACEAE)- Asplenium nidus
(Birds nest fern),
Blechnum, (family-blechnaceae) , Cyrotomium, (family-dryopteridaceae), Davalia, (family-davalliaceae), Doryopteris
(family-pteridaceae), Nephrolepis,(family-lomariopsidaceae) -N. biserrata furcans, N. exallata mucosa, Pityrogramma
(family-pteridaceae), P.calomelanos (silver fern), P.chrysophylla (golden fern), Platycerium family-polypodiaceae
P. bifurcatum, P.willinckii (silver staghorn),Polypodium(family-polypodiaceae), Polystichum (family-dryopteridaceae),Pteris
(family- pteridaceae), CONCLUSION
In this presentation, concept of epiphytes, types of epiphytes, and adaptations (morphological, anatomical and physiological) developed in them are are explained.
Medicinal plants are considered as a rich resources of ingredients which can be used in drug development. More than 30% of the entire plant species, at one time or other were used for medicinal purposes. It has been estimated that in developed countries like United States, plant drugs constitute as much as 25% of the total drugs, while in fast developing countries like India and China the contribution is as much as 80%. These countries provide two third of the plants used in modern system of medicine and the health care system of rural population depend on indigenous systems of medicine. Most of the drugs are considered very safe as there is no or minimal side effects.
Introduction- PTERIDOPHYTES
Pteridophytes in the broad interpretation of the term are vascular plants (plants with xylem & phloem) that reproduce & disperse via spores, because they produce neither flowers nor seeds, they are refered to as CRYPTOGAMS.
The 305 genera & 13,000 species of pteridophytes found throughout the world.
The pteridophyte includes Clubmosses,SPike-mosses, Quilworts,Horsetails,Ferns.
FERNS -Adiantum (Maiden-hair fern)
(Family-Pteridaceae)
A.pedatum, A. raddianum(Delta-maiden hair),
Asplenium, (FAMILY-ASPLENACEAE)- Asplenium nidus
(Birds nest fern),
Blechnum, (family-blechnaceae) , Cyrotomium, (family-dryopteridaceae), Davalia, (family-davalliaceae), Doryopteris
(family-pteridaceae), Nephrolepis,(family-lomariopsidaceae) -N. biserrata furcans, N. exallata mucosa, Pityrogramma
(family-pteridaceae), P.calomelanos (silver fern), P.chrysophylla (golden fern), Platycerium family-polypodiaceae
P. bifurcatum, P.willinckii (silver staghorn),Polypodium(family-polypodiaceae), Polystichum (family-dryopteridaceae),Pteris
(family- pteridaceae), CONCLUSION
In this presentation, concept of epiphytes, types of epiphytes, and adaptations (morphological, anatomical and physiological) developed in them are are explained.
A group of cells which are similar in Origin and function but of more than One type in structure.
Water conducting tissue
Along with phloem make vascular tissue
Provide support to plants
1)Tracheary elements
These are nonliving cells, provide support and conduct water. Two types,
(a)Tracheids: elongate, tube like cell, tapering, rounded or oval ends, hard lignified walls.
(b)Vessels members: long, cylindrical, tube-like structures with lignified walls.
(2)Fibres: thick walls, evolve from tracheids and provide mechanical strength. Two types,
(a)Fibre-tracheids: medium thickness walls, have reduced boardered pits.
(b)Libriform fibres: very thick walls, have reduced simple pits.
Parenchyma cells: living cells, in woody plants, store of food in starch form. Two types:
(a)Axial parenchyma: derived from fusiform initials, have tracheary elements and fibres.
(b)Ray parenchyma: derived from ray initials of cambium, xylem ray cells.
Developmentally, xylem have two types
(1)Primary xylem: derived from procambium, developing from embryo, non-woody plants.
(2)Secondary xylem: from vascular cambium, second stage of plant development, in woody plants.
the floral formula tells us about the nature of flowers. the floral diagram represents the plan of arrangements of floral whorl in relation to the mother axis.
Classification denotes the arrangement of a single plant or group of plants an distinct category following a system of nomenclature, and in accordance with a particular and well established plan.
* The members of this family are mainly distributed in the tropical parts of the world. The plants occur mostly in dry regions.
* Several shrubby species of Capparis occur in the Mediterranean region.
* Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
ABSTRACT- Medicinal plants have been used from the Vedic era. For thousands of years, they have been used to treat and prevent many types of diseases along with epidemics. Some medicinal plants also utilized as pleasant condiments, to flavor, to dye, for conserve food etc. Almost every portion of the plant has own medicinal properties. Different types of secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants which play an important role in many kinds of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines. A large number of the plants are also reported to possess many other activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insecticidal, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, anti-hemolytic properties etc, also used widely by the tribal people all over the world. The traditional medicinal uses of 23 plants species belonging to different families are reported in this review article. Key-words- Traditional medicine, Medicinal plants, Anti-oxidant, Medicinal plants
A group of cells which are similar in Origin and function but of more than One type in structure.
Water conducting tissue
Along with phloem make vascular tissue
Provide support to plants
1)Tracheary elements
These are nonliving cells, provide support and conduct water. Two types,
(a)Tracheids: elongate, tube like cell, tapering, rounded or oval ends, hard lignified walls.
(b)Vessels members: long, cylindrical, tube-like structures with lignified walls.
(2)Fibres: thick walls, evolve from tracheids and provide mechanical strength. Two types,
(a)Fibre-tracheids: medium thickness walls, have reduced boardered pits.
(b)Libriform fibres: very thick walls, have reduced simple pits.
Parenchyma cells: living cells, in woody plants, store of food in starch form. Two types:
(a)Axial parenchyma: derived from fusiform initials, have tracheary elements and fibres.
(b)Ray parenchyma: derived from ray initials of cambium, xylem ray cells.
Developmentally, xylem have two types
(1)Primary xylem: derived from procambium, developing from embryo, non-woody plants.
(2)Secondary xylem: from vascular cambium, second stage of plant development, in woody plants.
the floral formula tells us about the nature of flowers. the floral diagram represents the plan of arrangements of floral whorl in relation to the mother axis.
Classification denotes the arrangement of a single plant or group of plants an distinct category following a system of nomenclature, and in accordance with a particular and well established plan.
* The members of this family are mainly distributed in the tropical parts of the world. The plants occur mostly in dry regions.
* Several shrubby species of Capparis occur in the Mediterranean region.
* Reference - Taxonomy of Angiosperms - Dr. B. P. Pandey
ABSTRACT- Medicinal plants have been used from the Vedic era. For thousands of years, they have been used to treat and prevent many types of diseases along with epidemics. Some medicinal plants also utilized as pleasant condiments, to flavor, to dye, for conserve food etc. Almost every portion of the plant has own medicinal properties. Different types of secondary metabolites found in the medicinal plants which play an important role in many kinds of diseases and also used for manufacturing medicines. A large number of the plants are also reported to possess many other activities like anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-insecticidal, anti-parasitic, antibiotic, anti-hemolytic properties etc, also used widely by the tribal people all over the world. The traditional medicinal uses of 23 plants species belonging to different families are reported in this review article. Key-words- Traditional medicine, Medicinal plants, Anti-oxidant, Medicinal plants
Global Market For Herbal Products In IndiaANKITA MANKAR
Medicinal plants, also called medicinal herbs, have been discovered and used in traditional medicine practices since prehistoric times. Plants synthesise hundreds of chemical compounds for functions including defence against insects, fungi, diseases, and herbivorous mammals. Numerous phytochemicals with potential or established biological activity have been identified. However, since a single plant contains widely diverse phytochemicals, the effects of using a whole plant as medicine are uncertain. Further, the phytochemical content and pharmacological actions, if any, of many plants having medicinal potential remain unassessed by rigorous scientific research to define efficacy and safety.
On the occasion of World Health Day 2014, this presentation throws light on MALARIA (the theme of this year) It gives an overview of plants that have medicinal properties to cure the dreaded disease.
Planting Material of Sugarcane,Factors affecting Juice quality,JAPANESE MINT Avinash Chandra
Planting Material of Sugarcane,Factors affecting Juice quality,JAPANESE MINT, Lancing in Opium Poppy ,Poppy Cultivation in India,importance of opium ,Importance of Medicinal Plants ,
Biodiversity and conservation efforts in plantation, spices, and medicinal crops are crucial for preserving ecosystems and sustaining agriculture. These efforts focus on maintaining genetic diversity within plant species, protecting endangered species, and promoting sustainable farming practices.
In plantation agriculture, such as tea, coffee, and rubber, conserving biodiversity involves preserving natural habitats, preventing deforestation, and implementing agroforestry practices that support a variety of plant and animal species. This can help maintain ecological balance and ecosystem services like pollination and pest control.
In the case of spices, which often come from diverse plant species grown in different regions, conservation efforts may include protecting natural habitats where these plants grow, promoting sustainable harvesting practices, and supporting local communities that depend on spice cultivation.
For medicinal crops, biodiversity conservation is essential to safeguarding the genetic diversity of plants used in traditional medicine and modern pharmaceuticals. This involves preserving natural habitats, preventing overharvesting of wild medicinal plants, and promoting cultivation of medicinal crops using sustainable methods.
Overall, biodiversity and conservation efforts in plantation, spices, and medicinal crops are vital for ensuring the long-term sustainability of agriculture, protecting ecosystems, and supporting human well-being.
Sources of crude drugs (natural)
Drugs obtained from Plants, Animals, Marine, Microorganism, Mineral and from Biotechnology (plant tissue culture) are covered in the presentation
An effort has been made to compile the information in on MEDICINAL PLANTS FOR BUSINESS ORIENTATION. This material includes information on effect of different sources of information on medicinal crops etc.,
The term “medicinal plant” include various types of plants used in herbalism ("herbology" or "herbal medicine"). It is the use of plants for medicinal purposes, and the study of such uses.
The word “herb” has been derived from the Latin word, “herba” and an old French word “herbe”. Now a days, herb refers to any part of the plant like fruit, seed, stem, bark, flower, leaf, stigma or a root, as well as a non-woody plant. Earlier, the term “herb” was only applied to non-woody plants, including those that come from trees and shrubs. These medicinal plants are also used as food, flavonoid, medicine or perfume and also in certain spiritual activities.
Plants have been used for medicinal purposes long before prehistoric period. Ancient Unani manuscripts Egyptian papyrus and Chinese writings described the use of herbs. Evidence exist that Unani Hakims, Indian Vaids and European and Mediterranean cultures were using herbs for over 4000 years as medicine. Indigenous cultures such as Rome, Egypt, Iran, Africa and America used herbs in their healing rituals, while other developed traditional medical systems such as Unani, Ayurveda and Chinese Medicine in which herbal therapies were used systematically.
lesson 7
bio botany ,botany ,12th ,12th biobotany ppt ,12th botany ppt ,tn text book ,study materials ,12th study materials, Chapter 7 ecosystem ppt english
lesson 6
bio botany ,botany ,12th ,12th biobotany ppt ,12th botany ppt ,tn text book ,study materials ,12th study materials, Chapter 6 principles of ecology
Chapter 4 principles and process of biotechnologyMosesPackiaraj2
lesson 4
bio botany ,botany ,12th ,12th biobotany ppt ,12th botany ppt ,tn text book ,study materials ,12th study materials, Chapter 4 principles and process of biotechnology
12th Bio botany, Lesson 1
bio botany ,botany ,12th ,12th biobotany ppt ,12th botany ppt ,tn text book ,study materials ,12th study materials,Chapter 1 reproduction in plants
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Chapter 10 economically useful plants and entrepreneurial botany
1. TRAINING ON TAMIL NADU NEW TEXT BOOK
+2 BOTANY
Unit X: Economic Botany
Economically Useful Plants
and
Entrepreneurial botany
.
2. Learning objective
The learner will be able to Acquire knowledge about
origin, area of cultivation and uses of various food
yielding plants.
Describe the different spices and condiments and
their uses.
Elicit the uses of fibre, timbers, paper and dye
yielding plants.
3. … Learning objective
Acquires knowledge about the active principles, chemical
composition and medicinal uses of plants.
Develops skill of mushroom cultivation, knowledge of SCP
production and sea weed liquid fertilizers.
Gains knowledge of organic farming- bio fertilisers and bio pest
repellants. Learn to make terrarium and bonsai.
Acquires knowledge of cultivation of medicinal plants.
4. Chapter outline
10.1 Food Plants
10.2 Spices and Condiments
10.3 Fibre
10.4 Timber
10.5 Latex
10.6 Pulp wood
10.7 Dye
10.8 Cosmetics
10.9 Traditional system of medicines
10.10 Medicinal plants
10.11 Entrepreneurial Botany
5. Food plants
Currently about 10,000 food plants are being used of which only
around 1,500 species were brought under cultivation.
Cereals .
i. Greater adaptability and successful colonisation on every type of
habitat.
ii. The relative ease of cultivation.
iii. Tillering property that produce more branches which results in
higher yield per unit area.
iv. Compact and dry grains that they can be easily handled,
transported and stored without undergoing spoilage.
v. High caloric value that provides energy.
14. Fattyacids in OilsArachis hypogaea
Premium cooking oil
Sesamum indicum
This oil is the basis of most of the
scented oils used in perfumes.
Cocos nucifera
This is an edible-industrial oil.
Camellia sinensis Coffea arabica
Caffeine enhances release of acetylcholine
in brain, which in turn enhances efficiency.
green tea lowers the bad cholesterol
and increases the good cholesterol.
Theobroma cacao
Rich in fibres, minerals and antioxidants,
thus preventing cancer,cardiovascular
diseases, premature ageing.
‘food of the Gods’.
Beverages
18. Fibres
Cotton
• Gossypium spp.
(1) G. hirsutum
(2)G.barbadense
are the New world
species
(3) G. arboretum
(4) G. herbaceum
Jute
Corchorus spp.
From the two
cultivated species (1)
Corchorus capsularis -
Indo-Burmese origin.
(2) C.olitorius -African
origin
Coconut / Coir
Cocos nucifera
It is used in manufacture of
mats, cushion seats, bags,
packaging material, water-
proof and sound
proof boards and thermal
insulation.
19. Timber
Native to South east Asia.
The heartwood is golden yellow to
golden brown when freshly sawn,
turning darker when exposed to
light. Known for its durability as it
is immune to the attack of
termites and fungi.
Tectona grandis
Native to India.
Indian rosewood has
yellowish sapwood and dull
brown to almost purple
coloured heartwood.
Dalbergia latifolia
The heartwood is jet black
with a metallic lustre when
smoothened and is resistant
to attack by
insects and fungi.
Diospyros ebenum
21. Pulp Wood
The term paper is derived from the word ‘papyrus’ a plant (Cyperus
papyrus) that was used by Egyptians to make paper-like materials.
The Chinese discovered the paper that was prepared from the
inner bark of paper mulberry in 105 A.D.
22. Indigo
•Indigofera tinctoria is native to India.
•A brilliant dark blue dye ‘indigo’ was extracted from the
of several species of Indigofera.
23. Indigenous to North Africa and South-west Asia. Principal
colouring matter of leaves ‘lacosone” is harmless .
Henna
Lawsonia inermis
24. Spices and Condiments
Provide personal care services .
‘Aloin’ (a mixture of glucosides)
Premium cooking oil
Cocos nuciferaSesamum indicumArachis hypogaea
the oil is the basis of most of the scented oils used in perfumes.
26. Perfumes
Perfumes are manufactured from essential oil which
are volatile and aromatic.
Essential oils are found at different parts of the plant.
Santalum album Santalum album Santalum album
Santalum album
Rosa X damascena Santalum albumJasminum grandiflorum
27. Traditional Systems of Medicines
TSM in India can be broadly classified into
institutionalized or documented and
non-institutionalized or oral traditions.
Institutionalized Indian systems include Siddha and
Ayurveda.
Non- institutional systems are practiced by rural and tribal
peoples across India. The knowledge is mostly held in oral
form.
TSM focus on healthy lifestyle and healthy diet for
maintaining good health and disease reversal.
28. Siddha systemof medicine
It is based on the texts written by 18Siddhars.
Siddha is principally based on the Pancabuta
philosophy. According to this system three humors
namely Vatam, Pittam and Kapam that are
responsible for the health of human.
The drug sources of Siddha
include plants, animal parts,
marine products and minerals.
This system uses about 800
herbs as source of drugs.
29. Ayurveda systemof medicine
The core knowledge is documented by Charaka,
Sushruta and Vagbhata in compendiums written by them.
This system Uses more of herbs
and few animal parts as drug
sources.
The Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of
India lists about 500 plants used
as source of drugs.
30. Folk systemof medicine
Folk systems survive as an oral
tradition among innumerable
rural and tribal communities
of India.
Major tribal communities in
Tamil Nadu who are known for
their medicinal knowledge include Irulas,
Malayalis, Kurumbas, Paliyans and Kaanis.
31.
32. Medicinal Plants
India is a treasure house of medicinal plants.
They are linked to local heritage as well as to global-trade.
90% collection of medicinal plants is from the non-cultivated sources.
Medicinally useful molecules obtained from plants that are marketed
as drugs are called Biomedicines.
Phyllanthin Vascin Andrographolides Curcumin
36. Psychoactive Drugs
Phytochemicals which alter an individual’s
perceptions of mind by producing hallucination
are known as psychoactive drugs.
Papaver somniferum
Used to induce sleep and for relieving pain. Opium yields Morphine,
a strong analgesic which is used in surgery.
37. Cannabis sativa – specimen
trans-tetrahydrocanabinal
It is an effective pain reliever and reduces hypertension.
THC is used in treating Glaucoma, reducing nausea of cancer
patients undergoing radiation and chemotherapy, provides
relief to bronchial disorders, especially asthma as it dilates
bronchial vessels.
38. Entrepreneurial Botany
Study of how new businesses are created using
plant resources as well as the actual process of
starting a new business.
An entrepreneur is someone who has an idea and
who works to create a product or service that
people will buy, by building an organization to
support the sales.
To create new ventures among the young people.
In the present scenario students should acquire
ability to merge skills and knowledge in a
meaningful way.
40. Single Cell Protein (SCP) Production
Single cell protein has a high nutritive value due to higher
protein, vitamin, essential amino acids and lipid content. Hence
it can form a good protein supplement. However it cannot
completely replace the conventional protein sources due to
their high nucleic acid content and slower in digestibility.
41. Seaweed Liquid Fertilizer
Seaweed is rich in trace elements and potassium, which makes it ideal to add to
compost in its raw state, to work in as a mulch, or to create a liquid fertilizer.
42.
43. A terrarium is a collection of small plants growing in
a transparent, sealed container.
Terrarium
44.
45. Cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Government of India has identified medicinal
and aromatic plants as one of the sectors that
can make India a global leader in the 21st
century owing to the treasure of about 8,000
medicinal and 2,500 aromatic plants.
Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic
Plants (CIMAP) has developed a number of high
yielding varieties and processing technologies to
promote cultivation of medicinal and aromatic
plants.
46. Cultivation of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants
Cultivation of medicinal/aromatic plants
offers following advantages:
Generate employment through development
of ancillary industries.
Foreign exchange earnings through exports.
Crops are not damaged by domestic animals
or by birds.
Technologies are farmer and eco-friendly.
