1. Caput succedaneum is bruising and edema beneath the scalp beyond the skull margin, usually caused by prolonged or instrument-assisted delivery. It resolves in a few days without complications. 2. Cephalhematoma is bleeding beneath the periosteum within skull suture margins, often from use of metal cups during delivery. It resolves over 4-6 weeks and may cause anemia, jaundice, or skull fracture. 3. Subarachnoid hemorrhage can result from prolonged labor, forceps delivery, or hematologic disorders. Symptoms include apnea, seizures, lethargy. Imaging shows bleeding and management focuses on supportive care while most cases

1. 1
By: Ismah Haron
Caput succedaneum
Cephalhaematoma
Subarachnoid hemorrhage

2. 2
http://vetsci.co.uk/2010/02/10/meninges-csf-venous-drainage/

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http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm
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4. 4http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4
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C
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6. CAPUT SUCCEDANEUM
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• Bruising and oedema of presenting part extending beyond the margin of
the skull bone [1]
• Prolonged delivery, ventouse delivery [2]
• Pressure from uterus and vaginal wall during vaginal delivery [3]
• Detected on ultrasound/vaginal examination [3]
• Resolves in few days [1][2][3]
• Usually no complication [2][3]
http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.ht

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http://www.humpath.com/?caput-succedaneum&id_document=16658
Caput succedaneum

8. CEPHALHAEMATOMA
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• Bleeding below periosteum, confined within margins of the skull suture [1]
• More common while using metal cup [2]
• Resolved in 4 to 6 weeks [2]
http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.ht

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• Complications include
a. Anemia, jaundice (1-16%) [2]
b. Calcified (hard around the edge, soft at the center): will resolved [4]
c. Hypotension, focus of infection; meningitis, osteomyelitis [4]
• Occasionally associated by linear skull fracture (5-20%) [4]
Linear right parietal skull fractu
http://www.medandlife.ro/medandlife602.htm

10. • Bleeding beneath periosteum
• Within margin of skull suture
• Precipitating cause is similar in
caput, but may be in more
severe condition
• Resolved in 4-6 weeks
• Usually no complication, but
have serious complication as
mention previously
• Bruising and edema beneath
scalp
• Beyond margin of skull bone
• Prolonged delivery, ventouse
delivery
• Resolved in few days
• Usually no complication
Caput succedaneum Cephalhematoma
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http://www.netterimages.com/image/57529.htm
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B

12. 12http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4
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http://mediphotos.blogspot.com/2012/01/illustrated-
cephalohematoma-vs-caput.html
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Cephalhaemato
ma
Cephalhaemato
ma
Caput succedaneum
http://newborns.stanford.edu/PhotoGal
lery/Caput3.html
T. Lissauer, G. Clayden. Illustrated
Textbook of Pediatrics 3rd edition.

14. SUBARACHNOID HEMORRHAGE
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• Prolonged labour, forceps or ventouse delivery [5]
• Pressures exerted on the neonate’s head during labour ± hematologic
disorders [5]
• Features [5] :
Apnoea, seizures, lethargy
Vital signs, bulging fontanelle, HC increase rapidly, lack symmetric
movement
• Cranial ultrasound, CT scan, FBC, clotting studies etc. [5][6]
http://www.merckmanuals.c
om/home/brain_spinal_cor
d_and_nerve_disorders/str
oke_cva/hemorrhagic_stro
ke.html

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• The prognosis is usually good [5][6]
• Large haemorrhages may associated with meningeal inflammation -->
communicating hydrocephalus as the infant grows [5]
• Supportive management:
Provide adequate ventilation, keep the newborn's vital organs well
perfused [6]
• Most of the time, not required surgery [6]
http://neuropathology
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web.org/chapter3/cha
pter3dGmh.html

16. THANK YOU
References:
1. T. Lissauer, G. Clayden. Illustrated Textbook of Pediatrics 3rd edition.
2. R. K. Creasy. Management of Labor and Delivery.
3. Caput Succedaneum. A.D.A.M. Medical Encyclopaedia.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0002554/
4. Nirupama Laroia, MBBS, MD. Pediatric Cardiac Birth Trauma.
http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/980112-overview#aw2aab6b4
5. Gupta, S. N., Kechli, A. M., & Kanamalla, U. S. (2009). Intracranial
hemorrhage in term newborns: management and outcomes. Pediatric
neurology, 40(1), 1-12.
6. Birth Injuries.
http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pediatrics/perinatal_problems
/birth_injuries.html
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