This document discusses brain-machine interfaces (BMI). It begins by introducing BMI, which creates a direct pathway between the brain and external devices. It then describes how BMI works by using EEG electrodes to detect brain signals, which are translated into commands. Examples are given of potential BMI applications in medicine, gaming, and manufacturing. Advantages include assisting those with disabilities, while disadvantages include risks like mental instability and infections.

1. BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
by suvarcha sharma
1014331852
2EC 3rd year

2. CONTENT
Introduction to BMI
The human brain
Model of BMI
What is EEG ?
How does BMI works????
Advantages
Disadvantages
Application
Conclusion

3. INTRODUCTION
1. Introduced in 1924 by HANS
BERGER.
2. BRAIN MACHINE INTERFACE
(BMI) is a direct communication
pathway between a brain and an
external device.

4. • BMI uses brain activity to command,
control, actuate and communicate with the
world directly through brain integration
with peripheral devices and systems.
• Main principle behind this interface is the
bioelectrical activity of nerves and
muscles.

5. THE HUMAN BRAIN
Brain is composed of millions of neurons. When
the neuron fires, or activates, there is a voltage
change across the cell which generates signals on
the surface of the brain. By monitoring and
analyzing these signals we can understand the
working of brain.

6. NEURONS

7. MODEL OF BMI

8. INVASIVE AND NON-INVASIVE

9. EEG IS MEASUREMENT OF
ELECTRICAL ACTIVITY
PRODUCED BY BRAIN AS
RECORDED FROM
ELECTRODES PLACED ON
THE SCALP.

10.  An electroencephalogram (EEG) is a
measure of the brain's voltage fluctuations
as detected from scalp electrodes
 It is an approximation of the cumulative
electrical
activity of neurons
 It is the foundation of current BMI
research

11. PREDEFINED POINTS OF BRAIN

12. HOW BMI WORKS???
• It sound like science fiction but is a clever app of
science and technology. the system does not really
read thoughts; rather, it measures fluctuations in
electrical voltage in the brain and translates them
into commands on a computer screen.
• The human brain controls memory, vision,
learning, thought, consciousness and other
activities. By means of electrochemical impulses
the brain directly controls conscious or voluntary
behavior.

13. • The system consists of a cap that fits over the
user's head, with a few dozen holes through
which electrodes are attached so they rest on the
scalp.
• The electrodes are connected via thin cables to
a"biosignal amplifier," which transmits the
signals from the brain to a computer.

15. ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAM(EEG)
• An electroencephalogram (EEG) measures the
brain's voltage fluctuations as detected from
scalp through electrodes.

16.  Technique is very beneficial in field of severe disease,
brain & neural injuries.
 Provides daily life support to physically disabled and
aged people, making use of bioengineering control
devices & robots to grant healthy life for elderly people.
 Assists scientist to understand how the brain memory,
internal connection works can be understood to a great
extent.
 Assists devices to help disabled people.
ADVANTAGES

17. ¤ Requires a high mental concentration
¤ Can pose a threat to mental stability of the subject
¤ May result in chronic strokes in severe cases
¤ There is a risk of severe mental infections such as
meningitis
DISADVANTAGES

18. APPLICATIONS OF BMI
1. MEDICINE
2. MILITARY
3. MANUFACTURING
4. GAMING
AND MANY OTHERS……

20. ¤ A potential remedial tool.
¤ BMI is an advancing technology promising pattern shift in
areas like Machine Control, Human Enhancement, Virtual
reality ,etc.
¤ Several potential applications of BMI hold promise for
rehabilitation and improving performance, such as
treating emotional disorders (for example, depression or
anxiety), easing chronic pain, and overcoming movement
disabilities due to stroke.
¤ Intense R&D in future to attain intuitive efficiency.
Conclusion