The Brain Gate system allows quadriplegic individuals to control a computer using only their thoughts by implanting a brain-computer interface chip. The chip detects brain signals related to motor function and translates them into cursor movements or other computer commands. In clinical trials, one participant was able to control the computer cursor and express that it gave him a sense of independence by thinking about the desired movements. The system works by detecting brain waves from electrodes on the neurochip and decoding the signals related to arm or hand movement into electronic signals to control an external device.

1. BRAIN GATE SYSTEM
Guided By: Presented By:
Er. Sanjeev Singh Abhishek Srivastava
Dept. Computer Science BIT (CS) III
1025410003

2. CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
 WOKING PRINCIPLES
 FUNCTION OF BRAIN GATE SYSTEM
 ACTUAL WORKING OF BRAIN GATE SYSTEM
 APPLICATION
 CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION
The mind-to-movement system that allows a
quadriplegic(HANDICAPED) man to control a
computer using only his thoughts is done by
using BRAIN GATE SYSTEM.
Brain Gate is a brain implant system
developed by the bio-tech company
Cyberkinetics in 2008 in conjunction with
the Department of Neuroscience at Brown
University with Surgeon Gerhard Friehs

4. PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The principle of operation behind the Brain Gate
System is that with intact brain function, brain
signals are generated even though they are not
sent to the arms, hands and legs.
The signals are interpreted and translated into
cursor movements, offering the user an alternate
Brain Gate pathway to control a computer with
thought ,just as individuals who have the ability
to move their hands use a mouse.

5. Brain-Computer Interface (BCI)
 BCI – direct communication pathway between a
brain or brain cell culture and a device (computer)
 One way BCIs
 information passes from brain to computer or
computer to brain
 Two way BCIs
 information is exchanged between brain and
computer

6. WORKING PRINCIPLE
In general the working of BRAIN GATE SYSTEM is
done using 3 techniques namely,
 Brain control motor function
 By using Neuron feedback
 Neuroprosthetic device

7. BRAIN CONTROL MOTOR
FUNCTION
 The brain is "hardwired" with
connections, which are made by
billions of neurons that make
electricity whenever they are
stimulated.
 The electrical patterns are called
brain waves.
 Muscles in the body's limbs contain
embedded sensors called muscle
spindles that measure the length and
speed of the muscles as they stretch
and contract as you move. Other
sensors in the skin respond to
stretching and pressure.

8. NEURO FEEDBACK
 A technique called neuro
feedback uses connecting sensors
on the scalp to translate brain
waves into information a person
can learn from.
 The sensors register different
frequencies of the signals
produced in the brain.
 These changes in brain wave
patterns indicate whether
someone is concentrating or
suppressing his impulses, or
whether he is relaxed or tense.

9. Neuroprosthetic device
 A neuroprosthetic device
converts brain activity into
computer commands.
 A sensor is implanted on the
brain, and electrodes are
hooked up to wires that
travel to a pedestal on the
scalp. From there, a fiber
optic cable carries the brain
activity data to a nearby
computer and artificial limbs.

10. FUNCTIONING OF BRAIN GATE
SYSTEM-NEUROCHIP
 BRAIN GATE SYSTEM is
implemented with the help of
NEURO CHIP.
 Currently the chip uses 100 hair-
thin electrodes that 'hear' neurons
firing in specific areas of the brain.
 For example, the area that controls
arm movement.
 The activity is translated into
electrically charged signals and are
then sent and decoded using a
program, which then converted in
to movement.

11. ACTUAL WORKING OF BRAIN GATE
SYSTEM
Preprocessing
Detection
Control
Training
Bio feedback

12. APPLICATIONS
•A Boon to the paralyzed -Brain Gate Neural
Interface System
•Clinical trial on Nagle
•Statement Of Nagle
“I can't put it into words. It's just—I use my
brain. I just thought it. I said, "Cursor go up
to the top right." And it did, and now I can
control it all over the screen. It will give me
a sense of independence.”

13. Animals

14. Diagram of the BCI developed by Miguel Nicolelis and collegues for
use on Rhesus monkeys Later experiments by Nicolelis using rhesus
monkeys, succeeded in closing the feedback loop and reproduced
monkey reaching and grasping movements in a robot arm

15. BRAIN GATE CHIP SYSTEM
In the next two years, Cyberkinetics hopes to
refine the chip to develop a
wireless version
No need for a plug
Safer
Less visible

16. The idea of moving robots or prosthetic devices not by
manual control, but by mere “thinking” (i.e., the brain
activity of human subjects) has been a fascinated approach.
Medical cures are unavailable for many forms of neural and
muscular paralysis. The enormity of the deficits caused by
paralysis is a strong motivation to pursue BMI solutions.
So this idea helps many patients to control the prosthetic
devices of their own by simply thinking about the task.

17. REFERENCES
 Braingate gets a new lease on life , The Boston Globe,
August, 2009
 Monkey Moves Robot Using Mind Control , Sky News, July
13, 2009
 www.clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT00912041
 www.google.com/braingatesystem /show/information

18. Thank you