Bppv
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BPPV is characterized by vertigo brought on by certain head positions. It is caused by debris known as otoconia becoming dislodged inside the inner ear's semicircular canals. There are two types - canalithiasis where debris floats freely, and cupulolithiasis where debris adheres to sensitive cupula tissue. The Epley maneuver is a common treatment which aims to reposition the debris back into the utricle by moving the head through various positions. BPPV is diagnosed using the Dix-Hallpike test where nystagmus is observed in the critical head positions.
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Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
A detailed description of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment methods.For more information, please visit www.everydayhearing.com
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of positional vertigo. It involves abnormal sensations of movement triggered by certain head positions. Calcium particles in the inner ear can become dislodged and enter the semicircular canals, stimulating hair cells and causing vertigo. The Dix-Hallpike maneuver is used for diagnosis - a patient is positioned to provoke nystagmus if BPPV is present. Treatment involves maneuvers like the Epley maneuver to reposition the particles.
ASSESSMENT OF VESTIBULAR FUNCTION
This document discusses tests used to assess vestibular function, including nystagmus, caloric testing, fistula testing, optokinetic testing, and galvanic testing. It also covers peripheral vestibular disorders like BPPV and vestibular neuronitis, as well as central causes of nystagmus. Diagnosis and treatment of BPPV is discussed, including Epley's maneuver and surgical options.
BPPV
BPPV is a common cause of recurrent vertigo triggered by changes in head position. It affects the inner ear and is characterized by brief episodes of vertigo and nystagmus. BPPV most often involves the posterior semicircular canal and results from debris known as otoconia becoming dislodged and entering the canal. Symptoms vary between individuals but usually include vertigo when the head is moved into certain positions that last for seconds before resolving. Spontaneous recovery is common though treatment aims to reposition the debris.
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This document discusses benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV). It begins with an overview of the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system. It then defines BPPV and discusses its pathogenesis, symptoms, types, differential diagnosis, investigations and treatment modalities. The most common treatment is canalith repositioning procedures like the Epley maneuver which aims to move otoliths out of the semicircular canals.
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This document discusses the assessment of a 62-year-old male patient presenting with acute vertigo. On examination, he displayed nystagmus, trunk instability, and loss of hearing in his right ear. Imaging showed a transverse petrous fracture involving the labyrinth and semicircular canals. The differential diagnosis includes peripheral vestibular disorders like vestibular neuritis and central causes like stroke. A careful history and examination can help differentiate between peripheral and central causes of vertigo.
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Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
A detailed description of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): the symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment methods.For more information, please visit www.everydayhearing.com
Bppv & vertigo
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is the most common cause of positional vertigo. It involves abnormal sensations of movement triggered by certain head positions. Calcium particles in the inner ear can become dislodged and enter the semicircular canals, stimulating hair cells and causing vertigo. The Dix-Hallpike maneuver is used for diagnosis - a patient is positioned to provoke nystagmus if BPPV is present. Treatment involves maneuvers like the Epley maneuver to reposition the particles.
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This document discusses tests used to assess vestibular function, including nystagmus, caloric testing, fistula testing, optokinetic testing, and galvanic testing. It also covers peripheral vestibular disorders like BPPV and vestibular neuronitis, as well as central causes of nystagmus. Diagnosis and treatment of BPPV is discussed, including Epley's maneuver and surgical options.
BPPV
BPPV is a common cause of recurrent vertigo triggered by changes in head position. It affects the inner ear and is characterized by brief episodes of vertigo and nystagmus. BPPV most often involves the posterior semicircular canal and results from debris known as otoconia becoming dislodged and entering the canal. Symptoms vary between individuals but usually include vertigo when the head is moved into certain positions that last for seconds before resolving. Spontaneous recovery is common though treatment aims to reposition the debris.
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Anatomy & Physiology of Vestibular System
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Utricle & Saccule
Macula
The semicircular canals
Crista ampullaris
Vertigo & Dizziness: Diagnosis, Management
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Bppv 16 06-2015
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common inner ear condition characterized by brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position. It is caused by debris in the semicircular canals leading to abnormal signals in the vestibular system. BPPV involving the posterior semicircular canal accounts for about 94% of cases. Diagnosis is made through provocative positional tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver. Treatment involves repositioning maneuvers like Epley's maneuver to move the debris out of the affected canal. BPPV typically resolves spontaneously within weeks to months, but recurrence is possible in about 15-45% of cases within a year without treatment.
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Vertigo
The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear balance system. It describes how the vestibular system in the inner ear, including the semicircular canals and otolith organs, helps maintain equilibrium and sense head movement and acceleration. It outlines various peripheral and central causes of dizziness or vertigo, such as BPPV, Meniere's disease, and stroke. Evaluation involves taking a history and performing a neurological exam and vestibular tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver and caloric testing. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but commonly involves rest, fluids, and medications to reduce symptoms during an acute episode.
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CRANIAL NERVE EXAMINATION
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Vertigo
Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Nystagmus is away from the lesion side in peripheral vertigo.
2. Fitzgerald-Hallpike Test
3. Canalith repositioning maneuvers like Epley maneuver or Semont maneuver.
4. Vestibular neuronitis
5. Aminoglycoside antibiotics, quinine, aspirin, etc. can be vestibulotoxic.
Bppv
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BPPV - Physical Diagnosis and Management
Symptoms, Diagnosis and Vestibular Rehabilitation for BPPV
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This document discusses vertigo, which refers to a hallucinatory sensation of movement caused by a mismatch of sensory information from the vestibular, visual, and proprioceptive systems. Vertigo can be caused by lesions in the peripheral, intermediate, or central nervous system. Common causes of peripheral vertigo include BPPV, Meniere's disease, and labyrinthitis. Intermediate vertigo may be caused by vestibular neuronitis or acoustic neuroma. Central causes include stroke, MS, migraines, and brain tumors. Clinical tests like nystagmus patterns and the head thrust test can help differentiate peripheral from central vertigo. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but may include medications, exercises
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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is caused by loose particles in the inner ear that disrupt balance. It is one of the most common causes of vertigo. Canalith repositioning procedures (CRPs) like the Epley maneuver are first-line treatments that are effective at resolving BPPV symptoms in over 75% of patients by repositioning the particles. While usually benign and self-limiting, BPPV can recur in about 13% of cases within 6 months if not treated with CRPs or vestibular rehabilitation exercises.
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Mechanism of balance & vestibular function test Dr Utkal Mishra
This powerpoint elaborates the mechanism of balance & anatomy of vestibular apparutus. It also depicts the anatomy & physiology of haircells in detail. I also explained the vestibular function tests used for diagnosis of various vestibular disorders.
Vertigo
Vertigo is a common symptom that affects approximately 30% of people at some point in their life. There are many potential causes of vertigo, including benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease, and less commonly central nervous system disorders. A thorough history, physical exam including tests of ocular motor function and positional maneuvers, and occasionally neuroimaging can help identify the underlying cause in most patients. The most common peripheral vestibular disorders like BPPV and vestibular neuritis are usually self-limited and the main treatment is symptomatic.
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This document discusses the evaluation and management of patients presenting with vertigo. It begins with definitions of types of dizziness including vertigo, lightheadedness, presyncope, disequilibrium, and oscillopsia. It then covers the causes of vertigo which can be peripheral involving the vestibular end organs or central involving the brainstem or cerebellum. The document outlines the history, examination including vestibular function tests like caloric testing and rotational chair, and interpretation of results for diagnosing the cause and site of lesion for vertigo.
Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV)
Please find the power point on Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo (BPPV). I tried to present it on understandable way and all the contents are reviewed by experts and from very reliable references. Thank you
Anatomy & Physiology of Vestibular System
The Inner Ear
The Vestibular system
The vestibular fluids
Utricle & Saccule
Macula
The semicircular canals
Crista ampullaris
Vertigo & Dizziness: Diagnosis, Management
This document discusses dizziness and vertigo from an otoneurological perspective. It begins by outlining key questions to ask patients regarding the nature and characteristics of their dizziness. It then describes potential otologic and neurological symptoms. Specific balance and vestibular tests are discussed, including nystagmus patterns, bedside tests like head thrust and positional maneuvers for BPPV. Common causes of vertigo like BPPV, vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease, migraines, and strokes are explained. Appropriate use of anti-vertigo medications is emphasized.
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Slides prepared and compiled by highly experienced ENT teacher, Dr. Krishna Koirala from Nepal , for teaching undergraduate and postgraduate ENT students in the field of otorhinolaryngology.
A clear and concise explanation of the basic concepts in the subject matter concerned.
He is the Head of department with a sound knowledge in the field of ENT to teach both undergraduate and postgraduate ENT students
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The document discusses the evaluation and management of dizziness and vertigo. It outlines the main categories of dizziness including otologic, central, medical, and unlocalized causes. Evaluation involves taking a thorough history, performing a physical exam including tests of nystagmus, and ordering investigations like an audiogram or MRI. Common diseases discussed in more detail include benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular neuritis, Meniere's disease, and migraine-associated vertigo. Treatment focuses on treating the underlying cause, patient education, rehabilitation, and medications in some cases.
Assessment of hearing
This document summarizes key aspects of the auditory system and hearing assessment. It describes the organ of Corti and its components that transfer sound energy into electrical signals. Clinical tests for hearing assessment include tuning fork tests, pure tone audiometry to measure air and bone conduction thresholds, and speech audiometry. Special tests include impedance audiometry, short increment sensitivity index test, and evoked response audiometry like electrocochleography and auditory brainstem response. The document provides details on the procedures and clinical significance of these various hearing assessment methods.
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Bppv 16 06-2015
Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) is a common inner ear condition characterized by brief episodes of vertigo triggered by changes in head position. It is caused by debris in the semicircular canals leading to abnormal signals in the vestibular system. BPPV involving the posterior semicircular canal accounts for about 94% of cases. Diagnosis is made through provocative positional tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver. Treatment involves repositioning maneuvers like Epley's maneuver to move the debris out of the affected canal. BPPV typically resolves spontaneously within weeks to months, but recurrence is possible in about 15-45% of cases within a year without treatment.
Vestibular Presentation
This document provides an overview of vestibular physical therapy in an inpatient setting. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the vestibular system, common vestibular disorders and their clinical presentations, tools for screening and assessment including tests for nystagmus and balance, diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) and treatment techniques, and considerations for referring patients to outpatient vestibular therapy. The presentation aims to equip physical therapists with knowledge of the vestibular system and skills for working with patients experiencing dizziness and imbalance.
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This document provides information on differential diagnoses and evaluations for dizziness and vertigo. It discusses potential causes related to the cochleovestibular system, nervous system, cardiovascular system and other systems. Specific conditions covered include BPPV, vestibular neuronitis, labyrinthitis, Meniere's disease, and central vertigo. It also outlines the history, physical exam, office tests, and diagnostic studies used to evaluate patients experiencing dizziness and vertigo.
Vertigo
The document discusses the anatomy and physiology of the inner ear balance system. It describes how the vestibular system in the inner ear, including the semicircular canals and otolith organs, helps maintain equilibrium and sense head movement and acceleration. It outlines various peripheral and central causes of dizziness or vertigo, such as BPPV, Meniere's disease, and stroke. Evaluation involves taking a history and performing a neurological exam and vestibular tests like the Dix-Hallpike maneuver and caloric testing. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but commonly involves rest, fluids, and medications to reduce symptoms during an acute episode.
Vestibular neuritis
Vestibular neuritis is inflammation of the inner ear and vestibular nerve that causes severe dizziness, vertigo, and balance issues. It is mainly caused by viral infections like herpes, influenza, or autoimmune diseases. Symptoms include severe dizziness, vertigo, nausea, balance issues, and sometimes hearing loss or vision problems. Treatment options include chiropractic treatments, acupuncture, and medications like Antivert. The condition varies in duration but can last from 3 weeks to several months.
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Vertigo
Here are the answers to the quiz questions:
1. Nystagmus is away from the lesion side in peripheral vertigo.
2. Fitzgerald-Hallpike Test
3. Canalith repositioning maneuvers like Epley maneuver or Semont maneuver.
4. Vestibular neuronitis
5. Aminoglycoside antibiotics, quinine, aspirin, etc. can be vestibulotoxic.
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Mechanism of balance & vestibular function test Dr Utkal Mishra
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This document describes the evaluation and treatment of a 20-year-old gymnast with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) following a concussion. She presented with dizziness, imbalance, and nausea that were provoked by head movements. Examination revealed nystagmus consistent with right anterior canal BPPV. She underwent vestibular physical therapy including canalith repositioning maneuvers and exercises. Symptoms improved over treatment and she was able to return to full activity with no recurrent vertigo or imbalance.
The vestibular system part 1
This document provides an overview of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), including its causes, symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment. It describes the anatomy and physiology of the peripheral and central vestibular systems. BPPV is caused by loose calcium carbonate crystals, called canaliths, becoming trapped in the semicircular canals. It is diagnosed using the Hallpike-Dix maneuver to provoke nystagmus. Treatment involves repositioning maneuvers like the Epley maneuver to dislodge the canaliths.
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Bppv
- 1. BENIGN PAROXYSMAL POSITIONAL VERTIGO(BPPV) BY- PRAJNA SHETTY
- 2. - It is characterised by vertigo when the head is placed in a certain critical position. - Disease is caused by a disorder of posterior semicircular canal.
- 3. Pathophysiology 1. Canalithiasis: is defined as a condition in which otoconial debris are floating freely in the canal portion of the SCCs. 2. Cupulolithiasis : refers to condition where otoconial debris are adhered to the cupula of the crista ampullaris.
- 4. Degeneration of macula of the utricle Release of otoconial debris(crystals of calcium carbonate) Debris floats freely in the endolymph Critical head position
- 5. Settling of otoconia on cupula of post.SCC Displacement of cupula Vertigo
- 8. Symptoms: - Severe vertigo in certain head position lasting less than a minute. - Associated with nausea and vomiting. - Absence of deafness and tinnitus. - no other neurologic symptoms. Signs: - Nystagmus The Dix-Hallpike maneuver is the standard clinical test for BPPV .
- 10. Investigations • Hearing test - normal • Caloric test and electronystagmography - may be normal • Hallpike test (positional test) -Positive -Fatiguable vertigo on assuming same position repeatedly due to dispersal of otoconia. • Posturography
- 11. Treatment • Conservative (a) Reassurance and antivertigo drugs. (b)Epley’ maneuver Principle- Repositioning of otoconial debris from post.SCC back into the utricle. Position- patient sitting on a table such that head extends beyond the edge of the table when supine with face turned 45 degrees to affected side.
- 12. Procedure( maneuver)- Position 1: Make patient to lie down in head hanging position with head turned 45 degree. Wait till vertigo and nystagmus subsides. Position 2: Now turn head, so that affected ear is up. Position 3: Then rotate the whole body and head away from affected ear to a recumbent position with face-down.
- 13. Position 4: Bring back patient to sitting position with head still turned to unaffected side by 45 degrees. Position 5: Head turned forward and chin brought down 20 degrees. Follow-up : Maintain upright posture for 48hours after maneuver.
- 15. • Operative Surgery is usually reserved for those in whom Canalith repositioning(CRP) fails. - Labyrinthectomy - Posterior canal occlusion - Singular neurectomy - Vestibular nerve section