The document provides guidance on reading head CT scans for physicians. It outlines the basic principles of CT scanning, including its history and components. It then reviews normal neuroanatomy as seen on head CT scans, illustrating various anatomical structures and landmarks visible in different axial sections. The document aims to help physicians accurately interpret CT findings to diagnose and treat time-sensitive conditions without specialist assistance.
Radiology of Brain hemorrhage vs infarctionthamir22
this presentaion is free for every medical student
by the end of this presentation you will be able to identify cerebral strokes and determine the age of the pathology
good luck .. Dr Thamir alotaify
The basics of Chest Radiology explained for the undergraduate students. The technical aspects including the various views, exposure, rotation and breath described.
The inside out approach of interpretation explained. The ABCDEFGH description includes Airway, Bones & soft tissue, Cardiac shadow, Diaphragm, Effusion (pleura), Fields (lungs), Gastric bubble and Hila & mediastinum.
The basic cardiac and lung pathologies discussed.
A triphasic, or triple-phase, CT scan is an enhanced CT technique mostly used to evaluate liver lesions. This technique acquires images at 3 different time points, or phases, following the administration of a contrast.
This is a slideshow made essentially for undergraduate MBBS students to have a working knowledge about CT scan of brain in diagnosing common medical and surgical conditions. It includes detection of major anatomical structures in CT and prompt diagnosis of emergency conditions like head trauma and cerebrovascular accident. Last but not the least, I have also touched the areas where CT scan is not the first mode of diagnosis (like diagnosis of brain tumor and evaluation of headache).
Computed tomography (CT scan) is a medical imaging procedure that uses computer-processed X-rays to produce tomographic images or 'slices' of specific areas of the body. These cross-sectional images are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in various medical disciplines.
Radiology of Brain hemorrhage vs infarctionthamir22
this presentaion is free for every medical student
by the end of this presentation you will be able to identify cerebral strokes and determine the age of the pathology
good luck .. Dr Thamir alotaify
The basics of Chest Radiology explained for the undergraduate students. The technical aspects including the various views, exposure, rotation and breath described.
The inside out approach of interpretation explained. The ABCDEFGH description includes Airway, Bones & soft tissue, Cardiac shadow, Diaphragm, Effusion (pleura), Fields (lungs), Gastric bubble and Hila & mediastinum.
The basic cardiac and lung pathologies discussed.
A triphasic, or triple-phase, CT scan is an enhanced CT technique mostly used to evaluate liver lesions. This technique acquires images at 3 different time points, or phases, following the administration of a contrast.
This is a slideshow made essentially for undergraduate MBBS students to have a working knowledge about CT scan of brain in diagnosing common medical and surgical conditions. It includes detection of major anatomical structures in CT and prompt diagnosis of emergency conditions like head trauma and cerebrovascular accident. Last but not the least, I have also touched the areas where CT scan is not the first mode of diagnosis (like diagnosis of brain tumor and evaluation of headache).
Computed tomography (CT scan) is a medical imaging procedure that uses computer-processed X-rays to produce tomographic images or 'slices' of specific areas of the body. These cross-sectional images are used for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in various medical disciplines.
This presentation discusses briefly about the anatomy of neck and about different protocols used for CT examination of neck. Also, some pathology are shown in the presentation.
Advanced Git Techniques: Subtrees, Grafting, and Other Fun StuffAtlassian
Your team has adopted Git, and are happily coding along. But is that all? Can you do more with it? You bet! Join the always-animated Nicola Paolucci to learn advanced techniques for grafting multiple repositories, managing project dependencies with git subtree, splitting commits, and finding the best merge strategy for your staging servers. If you've ever wondered how to collate the histories of different projects, or how to split a sub-directory into it's own project without destroying its history, this session is for you.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Palestine last event orientationfvgnh .pptxRaedMohamed3
An EFL lesson about the current events in Palestine. It is intended to be for intermediate students who wish to increase their listening skills through a short lesson in power point.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
2. MUST FOR EVERY PHYSICIAN
• CT HEAD is an extremely useful diagnostic tool
used routinely in the care of A&E patients.
• The treating physician needs to be able to
accurately interpret and act upon certain CT
findings without specialist (e.g., radiologist)
assistance, because many disease processes are
time dependent and require immediate action.
• It has been shown that even a brief educational
intervention can significantly improve the
physician’s ability to interpret cranial CT scans.
3. SCHEME OF THE LECTURE
• BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CT SCAN
• NORMAL NEUROANATOMY AS SEEN ON HEAD
CT SCANS
• ILLUSTRATIONS
5. HISTORY
• Sir Godfrey hounsfield-1972
• Nobel prize in 1979
• Original scanners took approximately 6
minutes to perform a rotation (one slice) and
20 minutes to reconstruct. Despite many
technological advances since then, the
principles remain the same.
6. PARTS
1) Gantry- which houses X ray apparatus
2) X ray tube-akin to that in a X ray machine.
3) Detectors
4) Patient couch
5) Viewing console
7.
8. PRINCIPLE
• Uses X rays applied in sequence of slices
across the organ
• Images reconstructed from X ray absorption
data
• X ray beam moves around the patient in a
circular path
10. PRINCIPLE…..
• CT scan provides a 3D display of the
intracranial anatomy built up from a vertical
series of transverse axial tomograms.
• Each tomogram represents a horizontal slice
through the patient’s head.
13. BASICS….
• X-RAYS ARE ABSORBED TO DIFFERENT DEGREES BY
DIFFERENT TISSUES
• Always describe CT findings as densities-
isodense/hypodense/hyperdense.
• Higher the density = whiter is the appearance
• Lower the density = darker the appearance
• Brain is the reference density
• Anything of the density as brain= isodense
• Higher density than brain= hyperdense ( skull is the
best example)
• Anything darker (lower density) than brain=
hypodense( CSF and air are classical examples)
14. HOUNSFIELD UNITS
• Related to composition & nature of tissue
• Represent the density of tissue
• Also called as CT NUMBER
15. air --- 1000
fat ---70
Pure water 0
Csf +8
White matter +30
Gray matter +45
blood +70
Bone/calcification +1000
18. AXIAL SECTIONS OF CT HEAD
POSTERIOR FOSSA CUTS
-ABOVE THE FORAMEN MAGNUM LEVEL
-LEVEL OF THE FOURTH VENTRICLE
-ABOVE THE FOURTH VENTRICULAR LEVEL
-TENTORIAL
SUPRATENTORIAL CUTS
-THIRD VENTRICULAR LEVEL
-LATERAL VENTRICULAR LEVEL
-ABOVE THE VENTRICULAR LEVEL