This document discusses myths and facts about coronary artery disease (CAD) in women. It is a myth that CAD is less common and severe in women. In fact, heart disease is the leading cause of death for both men and women, with 50,000 more women dying each year from heart disease than men. Women also have higher risks of avoidable risk factors like high cholesterol, physical inactivity, and obesity. Diabetes is also a more powerful risk factor for CAD in women. Despite greater symptoms and risks, women paradoxically have less severe obstructive coronary disease than men when assessed angiographically. Younger women in particular have a lower prevalence of obstructive lesions.
kawasaki disease is disease of pediatric age group leading to involvement of coronaries in 25% of case. some of presented as fetal complication. early diagnosis and treatment useful measure to prevent complications.
kawasaki disease is disease of pediatric age group leading to involvement of coronaries in 25% of case. some of presented as fetal complication. early diagnosis and treatment useful measure to prevent complications.
Risk stratification remains central to implement appropriate therapeutic measures for patients with NSTEMI.
The ECG provides rapid risk assessment for patients presenting with chest pain that permits their allocation to appropriate management algorithms to improve the outcomes
Diagnosis of Early Risks, Management of Risks, and Reduction of Vascular Dise...asclepiuspdfs
In a recent issue of the Journal of Circulation, American Heart Association has published a scientific statement, related to the excess heart disease and acute vascular events in South Asians living in the USA. The same group of experts, also have published a complementary article in Circulation titled, “call to action: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asian Americans.”I being a South Asian immigrant living in the USA, have always wondered as to why we do not have the same benefits as the other resident Americans in terms of the advantages of living in a highly advanced country? According to a study done in 2013, cardiovascular mortality has declined and diabetes mortality has increased in high-income countries. The study done in 26 industrialized nations, estimated the potential role of trends in population, for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and smoking, the modifiable risk factors identified as the promoters of CVD, and acute vascular events, by the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) group.
SPONTANEOUS CORONARY ARTERY DISSECTION IN A PRE- MENOPAUSAL WOMAN OCCURRING J...Apollo Hospitals
SCAD is a rare presentation of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and clinically indistinguishable from
plaque rupture. It predominantly affects young women with
no traditional cardiovascular risk factors, especially during
the post-partum and pre-menopausal period [1-3]. The
aetiology of SCAD is multifactorial and complex. Optimal
treatment strategy for SCAD is not clearely defined.
Presentation about heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Current epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approac and evidence-based treatment are presented.
Risk stratification remains central to implement appropriate therapeutic measures for patients with NSTEMI.
The ECG provides rapid risk assessment for patients presenting with chest pain that permits their allocation to appropriate management algorithms to improve the outcomes
Diagnosis of Early Risks, Management of Risks, and Reduction of Vascular Dise...asclepiuspdfs
In a recent issue of the Journal of Circulation, American Heart Association has published a scientific statement, related to the excess heart disease and acute vascular events in South Asians living in the USA. The same group of experts, also have published a complementary article in Circulation titled, “call to action: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Asian Americans.”I being a South Asian immigrant living in the USA, have always wondered as to why we do not have the same benefits as the other resident Americans in terms of the advantages of living in a highly advanced country? According to a study done in 2013, cardiovascular mortality has declined and diabetes mortality has increased in high-income countries. The study done in 26 industrialized nations, estimated the potential role of trends in population, for body mass index, systolic blood pressure, serum total cholesterol, and smoking, the modifiable risk factors identified as the promoters of CVD, and acute vascular events, by the Framingham Heart Study (FHS) group.
SPONTANEOUS CORONARY ARTERY DISSECTION IN A PRE- MENOPAUSAL WOMAN OCCURRING J...Apollo Hospitals
SCAD is a rare presentation of acute coronary syndrome(ACS) and clinically indistinguishable from
plaque rupture. It predominantly affects young women with
no traditional cardiovascular risk factors, especially during
the post-partum and pre-menopausal period [1-3]. The
aetiology of SCAD is multifactorial and complex. Optimal
treatment strategy for SCAD is not clearely defined.
Presentation about heart failure with preserved ejection fraction. Current epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnostic approac and evidence-based treatment are presented.
CORONARY ARTERY DISEASE IN WOMEN by DR ABHISHEK RATHOREdrabhishekbabbu
CAD is the leading cause of death in women. Here is the current scenerio of CAD in women. In what matter CAD in women differs from man is presented hare.
How to Live Longer and Stay Healthy by Kenneth S. Bannerman, MD, FACC Simone ...Summit Health
Hear from Kenneth S. Bannerman, MD, FACC, Cardiologist and Simone Gampel, RD, CDE, General Surgeon about the importance of lifestyle over diet. Topics will include how much exercise you really need; principles of good nutrition; modifying risk factors to improve health; recognizing the warning signs of a heart attack in men and women, and what to do when someone is having a heart attack. This talk will be interactive and audience participation will be encouraged.
The health hazards associated with obesity. Mortality morbidity
Complications related to obesity
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Black American women have higher rates of many risk factors for heart disease, including obesity, physical inactivity, metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension than white women
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In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
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it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
3. It is a myth that coronary artery
disease (CAD) is less common and
less severe in women
4. Myths vs Facts
MYTHS FACTS
Men are more
likely to have
heart disease
Heart disease is the #1 killer of men and women; 50,000
more women than men die of heart disease every year
Cancer is a
bigger threat than heart
disease
Nearly twice as many US women die from heart disease
and stroke than from all cancers combined
Doctors are aware
of women’s risk for heart
disease and act
accordingly
Undertreatment and underdiagnosis of heart disease in
women contributes to excess mortality in women
6. Women and CAD Risk Factors
1. American Heart Association. 1999 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. 1998
2. Mosca L, et al. Circulation. 1999
Higher prevalence of avoidable risk factors1
↑ blood cholesterol, ↑ TG
↑ physical inactivity
↑ overweight (body mass index, 25.0-29.9)
Diabetes is a more powerful risk factor for CAD2
3- to 7-fold in women vs 2- to 3-fold in men
↓ HDL cholesterol levels more predictive of CAD2
Women counseled less about nutrition, exercise, and
weight control2
1. American Heart Association. 1999 Heart and Stroke Statistical Update. 1998
2. Mosca L, et al. Circulation. 1999
7. A case-control comparison of the relative risk for MI based on sex : the INTERHEART study:
Case-control study. Lancet 364:937, 2004
8. Diabetes is a relatively greater risk factor for CHD in
women than in men;
it increases a woman’s risk for CHD by 3-7 fold, with only a
2-3 fold increase in diabetic men
Risk for fatal CHD in diabetic women is 3.5 times higher
than in nondiabetic women
Risk in diabetic men is only 2.0 times higher than
nondiabetic men)
Huxley R, Barzi F, Woodward M: Excess risk of fatal coronary heart disease associated with
diabetes in men and women: Meta-analysis of 37 prospective cohort studies. BMJ 332:73, 2006
9. Huxley RR,Woodward M. Cigarette smoking as a risk factor for coronary heart
disease in women compared with men: a systematic review and meta-analysis of
prospective cohort studies. Lancet. 2011;378:1297–1305
A recent systematic review and
meta-analysis involving >2 million
people uniformly showed a 25%
increased coronary risk among
women smokers than men
smokers
10. • In comparison with their male counterparts,
women with angina have a doubled morbidity
and mortality.
• Women with stable ischemic heart disease
have more MIs than men do.
• Women with CHD, and, in particular, women
<50 years of age, have a doubled mortality
after MI.
11. Despite their greater symptom burden of
angina and its consequent morbidity and
mortality, and despite their older age and
higher risk factor burden,
women paradoxically have less severe
obstructive coronary disease at elective
angiography than do men
Bairey-Merz CN. The Yentl syndrome is alive and well. Eur Heart J. 2011;32:1313–1315
PARADOX
12. 3 mechanisms proposed :
adverse coronary reactivity,
microvascular dysfunction,
plaque erosion/distal micro-embolization
1. Abnormal coronary vasomotion as a prognostic indicator of cardiovascular events in women: results from the
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute-Sponsored Women's Ischemia Syndrome Evaluation (WISE). Circulation.
2004 Feb 17; 109(6):722-5.
2. Effect of risk factors on the mechanism of acute thrombosis and sudden coronary death in women. Circulation.
1998 Jun 2; 97(21):2110-6
14. AIM
To study the prevalence and pattern of CAD
in women undergoing CAG
15. STUDY DESIGN
• Retrospective Analysis
• 3 Yr Data
• Women With Probable CAD
• Discharge Cards And Angio Reports
• 2 Groups <55 yrs , >55 yrs
• Normal Vs Non-significant Vs Intermediate Vs
Obstructive
• SVD Vs DVD Vs TVD
21. • Almost equal number of young (257) and elderly
(243)women undergoing angiogram
• ACS presentation 107 vs 107
• Presentation with stable angina was more common in
younger 134 vs 104
• Prevalence of OBSTRUCTIVE CAD = 45.4 % , more in elderly
136 vs 91
• Increased prevalence of normal coronaries and non-
significant lesions in younger women
• Increased prevalence of multivessel and left main disease in
elderly women
DESPITE AN INCREASE IN THE RISKS OF CAD
AND INCIDENCE OF ACS AT YOUNGER AGE ,
YOUNGER FEMALE STILL HAVE LOWER
ATHEROSCLEROTIC BURDEN , LESSER
PREVALENCE OF OBSTRUCTIVE LESIONS
AND BETTER LV FUNCTIONS--- “FEMALE
PATTERN CAD”
22. LIMITATIONS
• USE OF IVUS , OCT, FFR – INTERMEDIATE
LESIONS
• NO SMOKERS
• AVERAGE AGE
23. TAKE HOME MESSAGE
CVD esp. CAD is by far the biggest health risk for
women.
Awareness is still less than it needs to be.
Myocardial ischemia has specific sex differences
Despite a lower prevalence of obstructive CAD in
women, women have a higher prevalence of
symptoms, ischemia, and mortality relative to
men.
Same holds true for young vs older women
We have to have a better understanding of “MALE
PATTERN VS FEMALE PATTERN IHD”
Cardiovascular disease mortality trends for males and females (United States: 1979–2007). The overall comparability for cardiovascular disease between the International Classification of Diseases, 9th Revision (1979–1998) is 0.9962. No comparability ratios were applied. Source: National Center for Health Statistics, Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics–2011 Update.5.