Shading devices are purpose built devices to protect from the sunlight, from natural light, or screening them from view. Shading devices can form part of the facade or can be mounted inside the building, they can be fixed or operable.
Passive cooling techniques are least expensive means of cooling a home which maximizes the efficiency of the building envelope without mechanical devices.
For more information on energy conversation concepts and green architecture, follow us at - www.archistudent.net
Architecture After the Industrial Revolutionnichols4
From the Chrystal Palace in London and the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the sky scrapers of New York and Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water, we'll explore some foundational movements in architecture in the last 150 years.
Shading devices are purpose built devices to protect from the sunlight, from natural light, or screening them from view. Shading devices can form part of the facade or can be mounted inside the building, they can be fixed or operable.
Passive cooling techniques are least expensive means of cooling a home which maximizes the efficiency of the building envelope without mechanical devices.
For more information on energy conversation concepts and green architecture, follow us at - www.archistudent.net
Architecture After the Industrial Revolutionnichols4
From the Chrystal Palace in London and the Eiffel Tower in Paris to the sky scrapers of New York and Frank Lloyd Wright's Falling Water, we'll explore some foundational movements in architecture in the last 150 years.
Late Modernism encompasses the overall production of most recent architecture made between the aftermath of World War II and the early years of the 21st century. The terminology often points to similarities between late modernism and post-modernism although there are differences.
Late Modernism, also known as High-tech architecture or Structural Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the late 80s, this style became a bridge between modernism and postmodernism.
Architecture in which the images, ideas, and motifs of the Modern Movement were taken to extremes, structure, technology, and services being grossly over stated at a time when Modernism was being questioned.
In the year 1980s the high tech architecture started to look different from the post modern architecture. Many of the themes and ideas which originated during the post modern times were added to the high tech architecture.
Modern architecture is primarily driven by technological and engineering developments, and it is true that the availability o f new building materials such as iron, steel, and glass drove the invention of new building techniques as part of the Industrial Revolution.
SSIPs save energy, lower labor costs, resist rot, mold, and insects and are rated for category 5 hurricane winds. Fully comstomizeable panels enable builders to provide exactly the look their clients are seeking while utilizing the latest in high-performance building technology.
This presentation gives an idea about the various types of intelligent envelopes used in the different types of buildings in different climatic conditions.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
High-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design.
High-tech architecture appeared as a revamped modernism , an extension of those previous ideas helped by even more technological advances.
This category serves as a bridge between modernism and post-modernism ; there remain gray areas as to where one category ends and the other begins. In the 1980s, high-tech architecture became more difficult to distinguish from post-modern architecture. Some of its ideas were later absorbed into the style of Neo-Futurism art and architectural movement.
introduction to shading devices, types of shading devices deatiled explanation, uses of shading devices, solar radiation, configuration, design process of shading devices, shadow angle, building examples.
What is an Arch?
An arch is a structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it.
Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture and their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures.
What are the Types of Arches?
Arches have many forms, but all fall into three basic categories: Circular, pointed, and parabolic.
Arches with a circular form, also referred to as rounded arch, were commonly employed by the builders of ancient history, heavy masonry arches.
Ancient Roman builders relied heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.
Several rounded arches placed in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade, such as the Roman aqueduct.
Pointed arches were most often used by builders of Gothic-style architecture.
The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base.
This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture
Vaults are essentially "adjacent arches [that] are assembled side by side."
If vaults intersect, complex forms are produced with the intersections.
The forms, along with the "strongly expressed ribs at the vault intersections, were dominant architectural features of Gothic cathedrals."
The parabolic arch employs the principle that when weight is uniformly applied to an arch, the internal compression resulting from that weight will follow a parabolic profile.
Of any arch type, the parabolic arch produces the most thrust at the base, but can span the largest areas.
It is commonly used in bridge design, where long spans are needed.
150316 principles of solar oriented designTieng Wei
Principles of Solar Oriented Design, that would help in designing the building in term of active and passive solar design strategies. It's a group assignment, thus, credits go to my group members too.
Late Modernism encompasses the overall production of most recent architecture made between the aftermath of World War II and the early years of the 21st century. The terminology often points to similarities between late modernism and post-modernism although there are differences.
Late Modernism, also known as High-tech architecture or Structural Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the late 80s, this style became a bridge between modernism and postmodernism.
Architecture in which the images, ideas, and motifs of the Modern Movement were taken to extremes, structure, technology, and services being grossly over stated at a time when Modernism was being questioned.
In the year 1980s the high tech architecture started to look different from the post modern architecture. Many of the themes and ideas which originated during the post modern times were added to the high tech architecture.
Modern architecture is primarily driven by technological and engineering developments, and it is true that the availability o f new building materials such as iron, steel, and glass drove the invention of new building techniques as part of the Industrial Revolution.
SSIPs save energy, lower labor costs, resist rot, mold, and insects and are rated for category 5 hurricane winds. Fully comstomizeable panels enable builders to provide exactly the look their clients are seeking while utilizing the latest in high-performance building technology.
This presentation gives an idea about the various types of intelligent envelopes used in the different types of buildings in different climatic conditions.
Sustainable architecture is architecture that seeks to minimize the negative environmental impact of buildings by efficiency and moderation in the use of materials, energy, and development space.
Sustainable architecture uses a conscious approach to energy and ecological conservation in the design of the built environment.
The idea of sustainability, or ecological design, is to ensure that our actions and decisions today do not inhibit the opportunities of future generations.
High-tech architecture, also known as Late Modernism or Structural Expressionism, is an architectural style that emerged in the 1970s, incorporating elements of high-tech industry and technology into building design.
High-tech architecture appeared as a revamped modernism , an extension of those previous ideas helped by even more technological advances.
This category serves as a bridge between modernism and post-modernism ; there remain gray areas as to where one category ends and the other begins. In the 1980s, high-tech architecture became more difficult to distinguish from post-modern architecture. Some of its ideas were later absorbed into the style of Neo-Futurism art and architectural movement.
introduction to shading devices, types of shading devices deatiled explanation, uses of shading devices, solar radiation, configuration, design process of shading devices, shadow angle, building examples.
What is an Arch?
An arch is a structure that spans a space and supports structure and weight above it.
Arches appeared as early as the 2nd millennium BC in Mesopotamian brick architecture and their systematic use started with the Ancient Romans who were the first to apply the technique to a wide range of structures.
What are the Types of Arches?
Arches have many forms, but all fall into three basic categories: Circular, pointed, and parabolic.
Arches with a circular form, also referred to as rounded arch, were commonly employed by the builders of ancient history, heavy masonry arches.
Ancient Roman builders relied heavily on the rounded arch to span large, open areas.
Several rounded arches placed in-line, end-to-end, form an arcade, such as the Roman aqueduct.
Pointed arches were most often used by builders of Gothic-style architecture.
The advantage to using a pointed arch, rather than a circular arch, is that the arch action in a pointed arch produces less thrust at the base.
This innovation allowed for taller and more closely spaced openings, typical of Gothic architecture
Vaults are essentially "adjacent arches [that] are assembled side by side."
If vaults intersect, complex forms are produced with the intersections.
The forms, along with the "strongly expressed ribs at the vault intersections, were dominant architectural features of Gothic cathedrals."
The parabolic arch employs the principle that when weight is uniformly applied to an arch, the internal compression resulting from that weight will follow a parabolic profile.
Of any arch type, the parabolic arch produces the most thrust at the base, but can span the largest areas.
It is commonly used in bridge design, where long spans are needed.
150316 principles of solar oriented designTieng Wei
Principles of Solar Oriented Design, that would help in designing the building in term of active and passive solar design strategies. It's a group assignment, thus, credits go to my group members too.
It is a literature case study, which consist of two parts. 1st half covers the introduction of hot and dry climate and design factors that we consider while designing in hot and dry areas. And 2nd part consist of litrature case study of building "SANGATH - An Architect’s Studio, Ahmedabad By B.V. Doshi".
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
3. • Orientation for exposure to cooling breezes
• Increase natural ventilation by reducing barriers to air paths through the
building
• Provision of fans to provide ventilation and air movement in the absence
of breezes
• Floor plan zoning to maximize comfort for daytime activities and sleeping
comfort
• Appropriate windows and glazing to minimize unwanted heat gains and
maximize ventilation
• Effective shading(including planting)
• Adequate levels of appropriate insulation
• High thermal mass construction in regions with significant diurnal ranges
• Low thermal mass construction in regions with low diurnal range
Passive Design
Elements
4. Swimming pool and Koi Pond as
Evaporative Cooling
• Provide evaporative cooling for house
• Acts as a heat sink and helps to provided whilst keeping the evaporative process outside
• Avoid elevating indoor humidity level
5. • Clear orientation for all is openings and window
• Adjustable windows and openings are used to
promote controllable cross ventilation
• Full Sliding glass walls
Passive Ventilation by Space Planning
6. Wire Netting Screen Wall
• Used to receive heat from the sun
• It helps to reduce heat gain from
other solid wall (East and West
walls)
7. Earth Coupling Method
• Thermal masses will be protect from outside for example the floor and slabs
• Can be substantially cooler by absorbing most of the heat when entering the building
• Deep earth temperatures are lower, it assumes enclosing subfloor areas to allow earth coupling to
lower down the temperature and heat gain occurs
9. Humidity
• As Malaysia is a tropical country, high humidity throughout the year is assured.
• The average relative humidity lies around 80% per month
• Extreme humidity can cause discomfort to occupants in a building
10. Rainfall
• The tropical country of Malaysia receive an average of 225 mm of rainfall per month.
• So a common issue met here will be the constant downpour hence roof shelters are a
must in design.
11. Water content
• Due to the rainfall constantly face, water content in the soil is expected to be high
• This in turn will cause soil erosion to occur which will cause difficulties in support for the foundation
of the building
12. Heat
• Malaysia being at the equator receives a constant sunlight throughout the year which will in turn
cause sun glare to occur during the most intense sunlight of the day.
• The issue here is the same as rainfall where roof shelters are to be designed in the building
13. Haze
• Haze is the main factor that contributes the extent solar radiation, large shading
devices are to be put in such case
• Cause health problems such as: eye inflammation, nasal irritation, throat irritation and
lung tissue inflammation
15. • Orient its long directional axis towards north-south
• Minimize surface area exposure to east-west
• East-west heat rejection walls are erected responding to sun path
Heat Rejection
16. Natural Light
• South side positioned as front the of building as the Malaysian Sun leans to the south
• Communal leisure spaces located towards the south to benefit from natural light.
Family Hall
Deck
Living
Dry Kitchen
Dining AreaVerandah
Entrance
17. Ventilation
• More wind directed from the
south
• Long axis captures more wind
• Cross ventilation allows constant
cooling within the house
• Hot air does not linger in the
house
18. HOW DOES THE BUILDING
ORIENTATION INFLUENCES OTHER
PASSIVE DESIGNS?
By Liew Jin
19. Ventilation
• Improve and circulate air ventilation indoors and outdoors
• Implement use of cross ventilation throughout the building
20. Thermal-Massed Materials
• Reduce intake of heat energy
• Slanted from sun-rise and sun-set
East-West Walls
1.Low in heat capacity and high in thermal insulation.
• Lowers heat absorption
• Reduce heat transfer
2. Has great direct reflection or screening solar radiation
• reduce direct heat gain.
Also, lightweight materials were implemented into the design.
• low thermal mass are usually more suitable for buildings in the tropical climates,
especially the walls exposed to the sun.
21. OLD CLAY BRICKWALL
Advantages:
i) Good insulator
ii) Better Thermal Insulation
iii) High compressive strength
iv) Fire resistance
v) Keeps the temperature constant
in the house
Disadvantages:
i) Uncertain compressive strength
RECYCLED CHENGAL
Advantages:
i) Prevention of deforestation
ii) Aesthetic
iii) Highly durable
Disadvantages:
i) Need longer time to search
for supply
RECYCLED WASTE
PLYWOOD
Advantages:
i) Prevention of
deforestation
ii) Higher strength
iii) Low cost
Disadvantages:
i) Uncertain quality of
plywood
ii) Becomes heavy
when wet
iii) Need coating
23. HOW DOES THE ORIENTATION
GOVERN THE DESIGN OF THE
BUILDING?
By Kenneth Chang
24. Large Overhangs
• Climate commonly experiences in a tropical climate is rain and sun
• Large overhangs are able to provide shade to both climate faced
• Large overhangs also enable large vertical openings to be designed
25. Double Volume Space
• Huge double volume space promotes cross ventilation with openings on both ends
• Bigger volumes can create better and cooler air flow
• Effective way to cool the interior and its occupants
26. Open Fenestration
• Openings are placed in the North and South facade of the building to receive minimal sunlight
• Also enables cross ventilation to occur through the openings on both ends which cools the interior
27. Facade Devoid of Openings
• Facades completely devoid of openings are designed on the East and West façade
• This is to prevent direct sunlight penetrating into the interior
• Which in turn minimizes heat gain from the time where heat is at its most intense
28. Pools
• Pools are placed at both ends of the building which has openings
• This allows evaporative cooling to occur
• When the pool evaporates it causes the surrounding atmosphere to cool down
• Wind blowing into the interior of the building will bring the cooled air in and hence cool the inside
31. Efflorescence
• Occurs when concrete or brick walls get in contact with water
• Salt crystals form on wall
• Mostly a cosmetic problem, sometimes indicate internal weakness
32. Rust
• Exposed metal such as gates, fences, beams are susceptible to rust
• Tropical climate is wet and humid, abundance of oxygen and H2O, key
catalysts for rust
33. Insect Infestation
• Termites, mosquitos, flies are common sight
• Composite yard in S11 house is perfect for termites
• Damp wood, fallen leaves, tree stumps, are termites' natural habitat
• Open water, stagnant drains, small water ponds, perfect for mosquitos
• Passive designs prioritize using natural energy such as large overhangs can cause unwanted
guests
34. Noise
• Traffic jams are a regular occurrence,
causing air and noise pollution
• Passively designed houses that are
located near the main suffers, for
example: S11 House.
