The paper tries to evaluate today’s architecture as part of a ‘star system’ where originality is the main purpose of the architectural object. Upon this it is tried to create a theory based in the loss of part of the individuality of the architect in order to achieve a greater result based upon the coherence of a whole built system: a city, a village, a street, etc. The recognition of a place’s Signs is part of that process, not with the intent of copying the surrounding reality, but to interpret its main features. The resulting depurative process will obliterate those Signs that already have lost their meaning and do not contribute to the recognition of a site’s architecture, to an appreciation that evolves from the large scale observation of the landscape to the detail in architecture. Coherence is therefore the main purpose of the process, whether it’s applied to a historical context, a popular urban settlement or a contemporary neighbourhood.
A series of arguments about the possibility (and convenience) to approach architecture theory as a form of storytelling, and as a consequence, architecture as a collection of narratives.
The paper tries to evaluate today’s architecture as part of a ‘star system’ where originality is the main purpose of the architectural object. Upon this it is tried to create a theory based in the loss of part of the individuality of the architect in order to achieve a greater result based upon the coherence of a whole built system: a city, a village, a street, etc. The recognition of a place’s Signs is part of that process, not with the intent of copying the surrounding reality, but to interpret its main features. The resulting depurative process will obliterate those Signs that already have lost their meaning and do not contribute to the recognition of a site’s architecture, to an appreciation that evolves from the large scale observation of the landscape to the detail in architecture. Coherence is therefore the main purpose of the process, whether it’s applied to a historical context, a popular urban settlement or a contemporary neighbourhood.
A series of arguments about the possibility (and convenience) to approach architecture theory as a form of storytelling, and as a consequence, architecture as a collection of narratives.
3 synopsis from readings by
a) Frank Lloyd Wright, “In the Cause of Architecture”, (1908)
b) Juhani Pallasma, “The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and the Senses”, (2007)
c) Kenneth Frampton ‘Towards Critical Regionalism: Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance. No.3&4
Theories of Architecture and Urbanism Reaction Papersdouglasloon
Taylor's University Lakeside Campus
School of Architecture, Building & Design
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Theories of Architecture & Urbanism (ARC 61303)
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
The Indian economy is classified into different sectors to simplify the analysis and understanding of economic activities. For Class 10, it's essential to grasp the sectors of the Indian economy, understand their characteristics, and recognize their importance. This guide will provide detailed notes on the Sectors of the Indian Economy Class 10, using specific long-tail keywords to enhance comprehension.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
1. BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE
THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM
(ARC61303/ARC2224)
SYNOPSIS: REACTION PAPER (MARCH 2017)
Name: Koh Sung Jie ID No.: 0318912
Lecturer: Mr. Nicholas Ng Tutorial Time:
Reader/Text Title: In the Cause of Architecture Synopsis No: 1
Author: Frank Lloyd Wright
In the book, In the Cause of Architecture, Wright critiqued the state of architecture during his time and
discussed about functionalist design, the core foundation of the Modernist Movement. However, I am not
convinced by the author’s argument on functionality.
Throughout the writing, he described the building as a work of art, a sculpture, but the author fails to mention
the very main function of the building: about how it houses and affects its inhabitants. And since he despised
the notion of form over function, he has inadvertently contradicted himself.
This can be related directly to our so called “Starchitects” today, where they become famous thanks to their
“works of art”. Their buildings are always expressive and sculptural, purposefully made to catch the public
eye, hence architecture has become an advertising tool, a form of marketing. And similar to marketing, not
everything they try to sell you is actually good for you. Just like artists, each of these “Starchitects” has their
own style we can easily identify, alike to a brand of a car or a watch. However, much of these buildings are
always alien looking, devoid of local context. This creates isolation of the building from its surroundings, yes
it stands out, but it does not belong.
Nevertheless, the “Starchitects” are not entirely to blame as they are just doing their clients’ bidding. So this
brings us to question: What is good architecture to these clients?
The thing is that the majority of the general public does not know what good architecture is, and that brings
us back to the topic on how iconic buildings are advertised. Hence architects have this unspoken role to
educate their clients and the public as to elevate the public knowledge towards architecture.
I do not condemn the works produced by the “Starchitects”, I actually applaud that they are pushing the
boundaries of engineering and construction. However, the intention matters. Are they doing this to improve
the given place? Or are they doing it for their own benefit?
Word Count: 334 Mark Grade
Assessed by: Date Page No.
2. BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE
THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM
(ARC61303/ARC2224)
SYNOPSIS: REACTION PAPER (MARCH 2017)
Name: Koh Sung Jie ID No.: 0318912
Lecturer: Mr. Nicholas Ng Tutorial Time:
Reader/Text Title: The Eyes of the Skin:
Architecture and the Senses
Synopsis No: 2
Author: Juhani Pallasmaa
Pallasmaa brings an interesting topic to the table through his book, The Eyes of the Skin: Architecture and
the Sense. He states that we ought not to judge with our visual experience alone, which not only relates to
how weperceive architecture, but also to how we perceive our world.
This is a great reminder to us all as we live in a time where as Pallasmaa describes an age which the sense
of sight dominates. We are bombarded with so much information nowadaysand much of it in form of images
or videos. People are just willing to invest so muchtimeon apps such as Facebook, Instagram and Snapchat,
about news around the world that they just forgot about the world they are living in. Thus, it is true that the
information overload has in some way desensitized us.
With this, Architecture becomes a search for instantaneous impact with the loss of temporality, depth and
sincerity. To me, this is still applicable today, as people often judge the quality buildings merely on its
photographs on Pinterest or Instagram. The pictures only convey a limit of what the building offers, there is
lack of communication through the other 4 senses as well as additional senses such as perceived scale.
A picture only tells us the space in a brief moment of time whereas the characteristics of a space change at
different seasons, or in different weather in fact, or even at different times of the day! A building may look or
give a different atmospherein winter as opposed to during the summer. A building might even want toconvey
a message with light and shadow through its play on solids and voids as well as scale. The activity of the
space varies from different times and hence the sense of sound and smell changes, these are means to
understanding the space better.
For all we know, we cannot assume much with our eyes alone.
Word Count: 326 Mark Grade
Assessed by: Date Page No.
3. BACHELOR OF SCIENCE (HONOURS) IN ARCHITECTURE
THEORIES OF ARCHITECTURE AND URBANISM
(ARC61303/ARC2224)
SYNOPSIS: REACTION PAPER (MARCH 2017)
Name: Koh Sung Jie ID No.: 0318912
Lecturer: Mr. Nicholas Ng Tutorial Time:
Reader/Text Title: Towards Critical Regionalism:
Six Points for an Architecture of Resistance
Synopsis No: 3
Author: Kenneth Frampton
In Chapter 3, Frampton introduces the idea of Critical Regionalism and how it counteracts the problem of
Populism. The intention of Critical Regionalism is to cultivate a resistant, site-specific culture while taking
advantage on utilizing modern methods of design.
I fully agree on the encroachment of Populism as our recent site analysis on Jalan Tuanku Abdul Rahman
has proven this as a fact. What wefound is that the place is slowly falling victim to gentrification as the local
shophouses are being replaced by tall monotonous office buildings. My guess is the selfish desires of
businessmen wantingto emphasise on commercialdevelopment without concern of local context. Developers
tend to maximizetheir profits of their project by minimizing thecosts of the project, hence Jalan Tuanku Abdul
Rahman is infected by these skycrapers which challenge the identity of the site.
Another point that Frampton made is that Critical Regionalism is crucial in revitalizing the expressivity of an
enervated society. This sounds like a valid solution, but it also sounds like a fantasy because we cannot
neglect the complexities and intricacies that expresses the society. The composition of the context is not
limited only to its climate or topography, but also the culture and behaviors of its inhabitants. We can’t simply
say that an experienced architect has the capability to deduce all these factors unless he is one of the
inhabitants. So how can we attain this sort of information? For this is not within the job scope of a surveyor,
and the architect might not have the leisure of time to conduct studies himself, so are we going to base this
on assumptions and intuition?
I am not saying that this is an impossible task but Frampton only provided plenty of examples where world
culture or universal civilization exemplifies placenessness and none about Critical Regionalism. He gave us
a strong reason to apply Critical Regionalism but he did not provide us the means in doing so.
Word Count: 329 Mark Grade
Assessed by: Date Page No.