Aplastic anemia (aa)
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Aplastic anemia is a bone marrow failure disorder defined by pancytopenia in the peripheral blood and hypoplastic or absent bone marrow. It results from reduced or absent production of blood cells of the myeloid lineage (red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) while lymphocyte production is unaffected. Tests used to establish the diagnosis include a complete blood count showing low red blood cell, white blood cell, and platelet counts, and a bone marrow biopsy demonstrating hypoplasia or fibrosis with a lack of hematopoietic precursors. Modern diagnosis also involves flow cytometry of the blood and bone marrow showing a near absence of CD34 hematopoietic stem cells.
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Haematopathology consists of dysplastic or neoplastic changes to normal blood and bone marrow cells. There are nearly 100 types of hematopoietic disorders categorized into anaemias, myeloid neoplasms, lymphoid neoplasms, and histiocytic/dendritic neoplasms. Advanced digital imaging technologies are used to diagnose these diseases by examining blood smears, bone marrow aspirates, and lymph node biopsies. The three major types of anaemia are those due to blood loss, poor red blood cell production, and red blood cell destruction.Haematology for Dental Students - RBC Disorders
1. The document discusses various types of anemia, their causes, pathogenesis, morphology, and clinical features. It focuses on decreased red blood cell production due to nutrient deficiencies like iron and B12/folate, and increased red blood cell destruction in hemolytic anemias.
2. The most common types are said to be iron deficiency anemia, megaloblastic anemia, anemia of chronic disease, and aplastic anemia. Diagnosis involves measuring hemoglobin, MCV, reticulocyte count, and nutrients like iron, B12 and folate.
3. Treatment depends on the underlying cause but improving nutrition, iron supplementation, and identifying causes of blood loss or destruction are
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Haematopathology: Introducing the various types of anaemias and red cell di...
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Aplastic anemia (aa)
- 1. 3-Aplastic anemia (AA) 1 Developed by-Dr.Abdulrazzaq Othman Alagbare M.D M.S.c C.P - Lecturer of Hematology and Immunohematology Lesson 5-2
- 2. Terms must be known Aplasia no production in all types of cells Hypoplasia. low production in all types of cells Hypoplastic anemia: low production in RBC only Pancytopenia low count of all type of cells in peripheral blood Aplastic anemia (AA) 2
- 3. Definition Aplastic anemia is one of a group of hypo proliferative disorders has Bone marrow failure to produce any type of cells Reduced production of blood cells of myeloid group, Lymphocyte production is not affected Pancytopenia in the peripheral blood with anemia , infection and bleeding 3 Aplastic anemia
- 4. 4 Characterized by Peripheral pancytopenia and marrow hypoplasia or absent hematopoietic precursors. Up to fibrosis Aplastic anemia
- 5. 5 Tests to Establish the Diagnosis of Aplastic Anaemia1-CBC RBC WBC PLT A-Hb, PCV < 7g/dl Low count Low count B-RBC count Low Neutropenia C-MCV Normal Normal Lymphocytes absolute count D-MCH Normal E-Recticulocytes Low or absent
- 6. 6 PBS -Aplastic Anaemia Normocytic/normochromic anemia Tear drops Target cell
- 7. Diagnostic test : • Bone marrow biopsy, shows • Hypoplasia, or fibrotic marrow • Notes: A plastic anemia is not malignant case 7
- 8. 8 Modern diagnosis Flow cytometry phenotyping shows virtual absence of CD34 hematopoietic stem cells in blood and marrow.
- 9. 9 رب هلل الحمد العالمين....هذا هللا مرضات ابتغاء