Hemolytic anemia
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
14 likes•2,490 views
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than the bone marrow can replace them, leading to anemia. In hemolytic anemia, red blood cells have a significantly shortened lifespan of around 15 days compared to the normal 120 days. Clinical features include pallor, jaundice, an enlarged spleen, gallstones, and skeletal abnormalities. Examination of the peripheral blood smear and bone marrow can provide clues to the underlying cause by revealing abnormalities in red blood cell shape.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Haemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia is characterized by accelerated red blood cell destruction and vigorous blood regeneration. It can be classified as intrinsic or extrinsic, congenital or acquired. The site of red blood cell destruction can be intravascular or extravascular. Common causes of hemolytic anemia include hereditary spherocytosis, thalassemias, sickle cell anemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Evaluation of hemolytic anemia involves determining whether the anemia is hemolytic, the site of red blood cell destruction, the etiology, and severity through blood smears, reticulocyte counts, LDH and
Hemolytic anemia ppt presentation
Hemolytic anemias are caused by increased red blood cell destruction. They are characterized by normochromic, normocytic anemia with reticulocytosis, increased indirect bilirubin and LDH, and absent haptoglobin. Causes include membrane defects, metabolic abnormalities, hemoglobinopathies, and immune or non-immune mechanisms. Specific conditions discussed include hereditary spherocytosis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, drug-induced hemolysis, alloimmune hemolytic anemia, and warm or cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Management depends on the underlying cause and may involve transfusions, medications, or splenectomy.
Haemolytic anaemias
Haemolytic anaemias are a group of anemias caused by the premature breakdown of red blood cells in the bloodstream or spleen. There are two main types - intrinsic defects that cause red blood cell damage from within, such as hereditary spherocytosis, and extrinsic defects that cause damage from outside factors like immune mediated hemolysis. Symptoms include anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly and gallstones. Laboratory tests show signs of increased red blood cell breakdown like elevated bilirubin and LDH, as well as signs of the bone marrow attempting to compensate with reticulocytosis and nucleated red blood cells. Intravascular hemolysis specifically causes hemoglobinemia,
Hemolytic anemia I
Hemolytic anemia is caused by the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells. It can be due to defects in the red blood cell membrane structure or permeability that cause cells to break down prematurely, or due to enzymatic defects that compromise the cell's energy production. The most common membrane defect is hereditary spherocytosis, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common enzymatic defect. Signs and symptoms of hemolysis include jaundice, gallstones, splenomegaly, and fatigue. Laboratory findings provide evidence of increased red blood cell breakdown and bone marrow compensation.
Hemolytic anemia
Haemolysis indicates that there is shortening of the normal red cell lifespan of 120 days. There are many causes.
To compensate, the bone marrow may increase its output of red cells six- to eightfold by increasing the proportion of red cells produced, expanding the volume of active marrow, and releasing reticulocytes prematurely. Anaemia occurs only if the rate of destruction exceeds this increased production rate.
Anaemia- Classification, types, causes, pathophysiology, etiology
anaemia and its classification, blood transfusion, blood group, erythroblastosis foetalis, blood component , use of blood components in human diseases. blood group reaction
Microcytic anemia
Microcytic hypochromic anemia- iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, thalassemia minor, sideroblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anaemia is a red blood cell disorder due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis during erythropioesis.
Mitotically, the inhibition of the DNA synthesis impaires the progression of the cell cycle development from G2 to (M) stage.
Recommended
Haemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia is characterized by accelerated red blood cell destruction and vigorous blood regeneration. It can be classified as intrinsic or extrinsic, congenital or acquired. The site of red blood cell destruction can be intravascular or extravascular. Common causes of hemolytic anemia include hereditary spherocytosis, thalassemias, sickle cell anemia, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and immune-mediated hemolytic anemia. Evaluation of hemolytic anemia involves determining whether the anemia is hemolytic, the site of red blood cell destruction, the etiology, and severity through blood smears, reticulocyte counts, LDH and
Hemolytic anemia ppt presentation
Hemolytic anemias are caused by increased red blood cell destruction. They are characterized by normochromic, normocytic anemia with reticulocytosis, increased indirect bilirubin and LDH, and absent haptoglobin. Causes include membrane defects, metabolic abnormalities, hemoglobinopathies, and immune or non-immune mechanisms. Specific conditions discussed include hereditary spherocytosis, glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, drug-induced hemolysis, alloimmune hemolytic anemia, and warm or cold autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Management depends on the underlying cause and may involve transfusions, medications, or splenectomy.
Haemolytic anaemias
Haemolytic anaemias are a group of anemias caused by the premature breakdown of red blood cells in the bloodstream or spleen. There are two main types - intrinsic defects that cause red blood cell damage from within, such as hereditary spherocytosis, and extrinsic defects that cause damage from outside factors like immune mediated hemolysis. Symptoms include anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly and gallstones. Laboratory tests show signs of increased red blood cell breakdown like elevated bilirubin and LDH, as well as signs of the bone marrow attempting to compensate with reticulocytosis and nucleated red blood cells. Intravascular hemolysis specifically causes hemoglobinemia,
Hemolytic anemia I
Hemolytic anemia is caused by the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells. It can be due to defects in the red blood cell membrane structure or permeability that cause cells to break down prematurely, or due to enzymatic defects that compromise the cell's energy production. The most common membrane defect is hereditary spherocytosis, while glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency is the most common enzymatic defect. Signs and symptoms of hemolysis include jaundice, gallstones, splenomegaly, and fatigue. Laboratory findings provide evidence of increased red blood cell breakdown and bone marrow compensation.
Hemolytic anemia
Haemolysis indicates that there is shortening of the normal red cell lifespan of 120 days. There are many causes.
To compensate, the bone marrow may increase its output of red cells six- to eightfold by increasing the proportion of red cells produced, expanding the volume of active marrow, and releasing reticulocytes prematurely. Anaemia occurs only if the rate of destruction exceeds this increased production rate.
Anaemia- Classification, types, causes, pathophysiology, etiology
anaemia and its classification, blood transfusion, blood group, erythroblastosis foetalis, blood component , use of blood components in human diseases. blood group reaction
Microcytic anemia
Microcytic hypochromic anemia- iron deficiency, anemia of chronic disease, thalassemia minor, sideroblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anemia
Megaloblastic anaemia is a red blood cell disorder due to the inhibition of DNA synthesis during erythropioesis.
Mitotically, the inhibition of the DNA synthesis impaires the progression of the cell cycle development from G2 to (M) stage.
Hemolytic anemia
This document discusses hemolytic anemia and focuses on sickle cell disease. It defines hemolytic anemia as increased destruction of red blood cells outside the bone marrow. Key diagnostic findings include increased reticulocyte count, hyperbilirubinemia, decreased haptoglobin, and increased lactate dehydrogenase. Hemolytic anemias are classified as hereditary defects within red blood cells or acquired external causes. Sickle cell disease results from a hereditary hemoglobinopathy and causes chronic hemolytic anemia. Complications include infections, acute chest syndrome, stroke, leg ulcers, splenic sequestration, and retinopathy. Diagnosis is made by finding sickle cells on peripheral smear and abnormal hem
Macrocytic anemia
causes of macrocytic anemia pathopysiology, sign and symptoms and the difference between macrocytic anemia megaloblastIc anemia. causes of hypersegmented neutrophils and its association between them. investigation and medical management plus pictures illustration.
Hemolytic anemia
1. Hemolytic anemia results from the premature destruction of red blood cells, either intravascularly or extravascularly. It can be classified as acquired or hereditary.
2. Acquired hemolytic anemias are caused by extrinsic factors like antibodies, infections, toxins, or mechanical trauma. Hereditary hemolytic anemias result from intrinsic red blood cell defects.
3. Common causes of acquired hemolytic anemia include autoimmune hemolytic anemia, microangiopathic hemolysis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and isoimmune hemolytic anemia from blood transfusions. Hereditary forms often involve defects in the red blood cell membrane or interior
Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD), also known as anemia of inflammation, is a common type of anemia associated with chronic infections, inflammatory disorders, and some cancers. It is characterized by inadequate red blood cell production, low serum iron levels, and low iron binding capacity. The anemia is usually mild to moderate in severity. Treatment involves addressing the underlying chronic condition causing the inflammation.
Megaloblastic anemia
This document discusses megaloblastic anemia, its causes, symptoms, and treatments. It is characterized by abnormally large red blood cells due to a deficiency in vitamin B12 or folic acid, which is needed for DNA synthesis. The deficiencies can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, or increased demand. Treatments include injections or supplements of vitamin B12, folic acid, or erythropoietin to stimulate red blood cell production. Adverse reactions are also discussed.
Aplastic anemia
Usman Ghani, a 7-year-old boy, presented with pallor, easy fatigability, and bruising. Investigations revealed very low blood counts and a bone marrow biopsy showed hypoplastic/aplastic bone marrow. He was diagnosed with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient new blood cells, leading to pancytopenia. Treatment involves blood transfusions, antibiotics, growth factors, immunosuppressive drugs, and stem cell transplantation depending on the severity of the condition.
Hemolytic anemia (1)
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed and removed from circulation prematurely. There are many causes of hemolytic anemia including inherited disorders like sickle cell anemia and enzyme deficiencies, immune mediated destruction of red blood cells, infections, toxins and mechanical trauma. Hemolytic anemias can be classified based on location of hemolysis (intravascular or extravascular), source of defect (intracorpuscular or extracorpuscular), and mode of onset (hereditary or acquired). Common symptoms include paleness, fatigue, fever and signs of hemoglobin in urine, blood or stool.
Anaemia pathology ppt
This document provides an overview of hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and anemia. It discusses where blood cell formation occurs, the lifespan and production rate of red blood cells, and how hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin production. It defines anemia, lists global and country prevalence data, and compensatory mechanisms. It describes classifications of anemia including morphological and etiological, and covers causes such as blood loss, bone marrow disorders, nutritional deficiencies, and hemolytic anemias. Laboratory evaluation of anemia and peripheral blood smear findings are also summarized.
Anemia and its classification
This document provides an overview of anemia presented by Muhammad Abbas. It defines anemia as a decrease in hemoglobin below normal levels and discusses the pathophysiology and classification of anemia. Anemia is classified clinically based on severity, etiologically based on cause, and morphologically based on mean corpuscular volume. The main types are microcytic hypochromic anemia, macrocytic hyperchromic anemia, and normocytic normochromic anemia. Causes and diagnostic investigations for each type are also outlined.
Aplastic anemia
This document discusses aplastic anemia, a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pancytopenia. It defines aplastic anemia as a failure of the bone marrow to produce sufficient blood cells, resulting in low red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The causes include stem cell defects, bone marrow suppression by drugs or radiation, bone marrow infiltration by cancer cells, and immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells. Aplastic anemia is evaluated based on symptoms of anemia, bleeding, and infections, along with low blood counts and a hypoplastic bone marrow on biopsy with less than 25% cellularity.
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.Lazoi Lifecare Private Limited
Megaloblastic anaemia is a type of anaemia characterized by the formation of unusually large, abnormal and immature red blood cells called as megaloblasts by the bone marrow, which are released into the blood. To know more visit here: www.lazoi.comLeucocytosis and leucopenia
This document discusses leukocytosis, which is an increased number of white blood cells in the blood, usually due to infection, inflammation, or other causes. It can be triggered by certain growth factors and cytokines. The white blood cell count is determined by rates of production, storage, release from bone marrow, and consumption in tissues. Types of leukocytosis include neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and basophilia. The document also covers neutropenia and definitions of levels.
Aplastic anemia
1. Aplastic anemia is a condition characterized by pancytopenia (low red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) due to bone marrow failure.
2. It can be caused by exposure to toxins, radiation, viruses, or immune system attacks on the bone marrow. The bone marrow is hypocellular with fatty replacement of hematopoietic tissue.
3. Symptoms include anemia, increased risk of infection, bruising/bleeding due to low blood cell counts. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing pancytopenia and a bone marrow biopsy revealing a hypocellular marrow. Treatment options include supportive care, immunosuppressants, bone marrow transplant, or androgens
Polycythemia by Dr. Sookun Rajeev Kumar
This document discusses polycythemia, a blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells. It defines polycythemia and classifies it as either relative, absolute primary, or absolute secondary. Primary polycythemia, also called polycythemia vera, is caused by a mutation in the JAK2 gene that results in excessive blood cell production. Signs and symptoms include headache, dizziness, itching and red skin. Treatment focuses on phlebotomy to reduce red blood cell counts as well as medications to suppress bone marrow activity.
Coagulation Disorders
This document discusses coagulation disorders and bleeding disorders. It describes the normal hemostatic mechanisms including the vascular, platelet and coagulation systems. Bleeding disorders can cause spontaneous or excessive bleeding and can be due to increased vascular fragility, platelet deficiencies or dysfunctions, or derangements of clotting factors. Specific disorders discussed include hemophilia A/B, von Willebrand's disease, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Laboratory tests that can identify coagulation disorders include the tourniquet test, bleeding time, clotting time, platelet count, clot retraction time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time. Further specific tests may
Hemolytic anemia and post hemorrhagic syndrome
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than the body can replace them, leading to anemia. It can be caused by intrinsic issues with red blood cells themselves or extrinsic factors like infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, or enlarged organs destroying healthy cells. Symptoms include paleness, fatigue, fever, and abdominal pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring red blood cell counts and liver function. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause but may include blood transfusions, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, or spleen removal. Posthemorrhagic anemia develops after acute blood loss and is treated by addressing the cause of bleeding with fluids, transfusions, or surgery along
Aproach to anemia
This document summarizes an academic presentation on approaches to patients with anemia. It discusses definitions and classifications of anemia, as well as common types including iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic anemias from B12 or folate deficiency, and sickle cell anemia. For each type, it covers etiologies, symptoms, diagnostic findings, bone marrow characteristics, and treatment approaches. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common worldwide and is discussed in depth, including stages of deficiency and management strategies depending on severity and underlying cause of iron loss.
Hematology
The document discusses general hematology and various blood disorders. It covers red blood cell disorders like anemia, bone marrow failure syndromes, and red blood cell membrane defects. It also discusses bleeding disorders, platelet disorders, coagulation defects, and leukemia. Key points about various conditions like iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, sickle cell disease, immune hemolytic anemia, and vitamin deficiencies are summarized. Screening tests for evaluation of hemostatic abnormalities are also mentioned.
Leukemoid and lekoerythroblastic reaction
This document discusses leukemoid and leukoerythroblastic reactions. Leukemoid reactions involve a marked increase in white blood cell count (>50,000/cumm) in response to a stimulus like infection, with immature cells comprising less than 5% and being reversible. Leukoerythroblastic reactions involve immature cells in both the red and white cell lines in peripheral blood due to bone marrow disturbances from conditions like cancer metastases or myelofibrosis. The document differentiates these reactions from conditions like CML, CNL, and CLL based on factors like age of onset, clinical course, blood and bone marrow morphology, and presence of an underlying condition.
Polycythemia vera
Polycythemia Vera is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an overproduction of red blood cells from bone marrow due to a mutation in the JAK2 gene. This leads to thickening of the blood and complications like blood clots and spleen enlargement. It is diagnosed through blood tests showing increased red blood cells. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on reducing blood cell counts through regular blood removal and medications to suppress bone marrow production and stimulate the immune system.
Hemolytic anemia.pptx
Paediatrics , Hemolytic Anemia , From Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Lanzkowsky's Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.
Presentation blood disoreder
This seminar discusses various blood disorders and their oral manifestations. It covers anemias including iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, aplastic, and sickle cell. Leukemias, multiple myeloma, and lymphomas are discussed. Platelet disorders like hemophilia and purpura are also summarized. Key oral signs of these disorders include pallor, bleeding, ulcers, discoloration, and infections. Diagnosis involves blood tests and management includes supplements, transfusions, antibiotics or chemotherapy depending on the specific disorder.
More Related Content
What's hot
Hemolytic anemia
This document discusses hemolytic anemia and focuses on sickle cell disease. It defines hemolytic anemia as increased destruction of red blood cells outside the bone marrow. Key diagnostic findings include increased reticulocyte count, hyperbilirubinemia, decreased haptoglobin, and increased lactate dehydrogenase. Hemolytic anemias are classified as hereditary defects within red blood cells or acquired external causes. Sickle cell disease results from a hereditary hemoglobinopathy and causes chronic hemolytic anemia. Complications include infections, acute chest syndrome, stroke, leg ulcers, splenic sequestration, and retinopathy. Diagnosis is made by finding sickle cells on peripheral smear and abnormal hem
Macrocytic anemia
causes of macrocytic anemia pathopysiology, sign and symptoms and the difference between macrocytic anemia megaloblastIc anemia. causes of hypersegmented neutrophils and its association between them. investigation and medical management plus pictures illustration.
Hemolytic anemia
1. Hemolytic anemia results from the premature destruction of red blood cells, either intravascularly or extravascularly. It can be classified as acquired or hereditary.
2. Acquired hemolytic anemias are caused by extrinsic factors like antibodies, infections, toxins, or mechanical trauma. Hereditary hemolytic anemias result from intrinsic red blood cell defects.
3. Common causes of acquired hemolytic anemia include autoimmune hemolytic anemia, microangiopathic hemolysis, paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria, and isoimmune hemolytic anemia from blood transfusions. Hereditary forms often involve defects in the red blood cell membrane or interior
Anemia of chronic disease
Anemia of chronic disease (ACD), also known as anemia of inflammation, is a common type of anemia associated with chronic infections, inflammatory disorders, and some cancers. It is characterized by inadequate red blood cell production, low serum iron levels, and low iron binding capacity. The anemia is usually mild to moderate in severity. Treatment involves addressing the underlying chronic condition causing the inflammation.
Megaloblastic anemia
This document discusses megaloblastic anemia, its causes, symptoms, and treatments. It is characterized by abnormally large red blood cells due to a deficiency in vitamin B12 or folic acid, which is needed for DNA synthesis. The deficiencies can result from inadequate intake, malabsorption, or increased demand. Treatments include injections or supplements of vitamin B12, folic acid, or erythropoietin to stimulate red blood cell production. Adverse reactions are also discussed.
Aplastic anemia
Usman Ghani, a 7-year-old boy, presented with pallor, easy fatigability, and bruising. Investigations revealed very low blood counts and a bone marrow biopsy showed hypoplastic/aplastic bone marrow. He was diagnosed with aplastic anemia. Aplastic anemia is a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient new blood cells, leading to pancytopenia. Treatment involves blood transfusions, antibiotics, growth factors, immunosuppressive drugs, and stem cell transplantation depending on the severity of the condition.
Hemolytic anemia (1)
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed and removed from circulation prematurely. There are many causes of hemolytic anemia including inherited disorders like sickle cell anemia and enzyme deficiencies, immune mediated destruction of red blood cells, infections, toxins and mechanical trauma. Hemolytic anemias can be classified based on location of hemolysis (intravascular or extravascular), source of defect (intracorpuscular or extracorpuscular), and mode of onset (hereditary or acquired). Common symptoms include paleness, fatigue, fever and signs of hemoglobin in urine, blood or stool.
Anaemia pathology ppt
This document provides an overview of hematopoiesis, erythropoiesis, and anemia. It discusses where blood cell formation occurs, the lifespan and production rate of red blood cells, and how hypoxia stimulates erythropoietin production. It defines anemia, lists global and country prevalence data, and compensatory mechanisms. It describes classifications of anemia including morphological and etiological, and covers causes such as blood loss, bone marrow disorders, nutritional deficiencies, and hemolytic anemias. Laboratory evaluation of anemia and peripheral blood smear findings are also summarized.
Anemia and its classification
This document provides an overview of anemia presented by Muhammad Abbas. It defines anemia as a decrease in hemoglobin below normal levels and discusses the pathophysiology and classification of anemia. Anemia is classified clinically based on severity, etiologically based on cause, and morphologically based on mean corpuscular volume. The main types are microcytic hypochromic anemia, macrocytic hyperchromic anemia, and normocytic normochromic anemia. Causes and diagnostic investigations for each type are also outlined.
Aplastic anemia
This document discusses aplastic anemia, a bone marrow failure syndrome characterized by pancytopenia. It defines aplastic anemia as a failure of the bone marrow to produce sufficient blood cells, resulting in low red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The causes include stem cell defects, bone marrow suppression by drugs or radiation, bone marrow infiltration by cancer cells, and immune-mediated destruction of hematopoietic stem cells. Aplastic anemia is evaluated based on symptoms of anemia, bleeding, and infections, along with low blood counts and a hypoplastic bone marrow on biopsy with less than 25% cellularity.
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.Lazoi Lifecare Private Limited
Megaloblastic anaemia is a type of anaemia characterized by the formation of unusually large, abnormal and immature red blood cells called as megaloblasts by the bone marrow, which are released into the blood. To know more visit here: www.lazoi.comLeucocytosis and leucopenia
This document discusses leukocytosis, which is an increased number of white blood cells in the blood, usually due to infection, inflammation, or other causes. It can be triggered by certain growth factors and cytokines. The white blood cell count is determined by rates of production, storage, release from bone marrow, and consumption in tissues. Types of leukocytosis include neutrophilia, lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and basophilia. The document also covers neutropenia and definitions of levels.
Aplastic anemia
1. Aplastic anemia is a condition characterized by pancytopenia (low red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets) due to bone marrow failure.
2. It can be caused by exposure to toxins, radiation, viruses, or immune system attacks on the bone marrow. The bone marrow is hypocellular with fatty replacement of hematopoietic tissue.
3. Symptoms include anemia, increased risk of infection, bruising/bleeding due to low blood cell counts. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing pancytopenia and a bone marrow biopsy revealing a hypocellular marrow. Treatment options include supportive care, immunosuppressants, bone marrow transplant, or androgens
Polycythemia by Dr. Sookun Rajeev Kumar
This document discusses polycythemia, a blood disorder characterized by the overproduction of red blood cells. It defines polycythemia and classifies it as either relative, absolute primary, or absolute secondary. Primary polycythemia, also called polycythemia vera, is caused by a mutation in the JAK2 gene that results in excessive blood cell production. Signs and symptoms include headache, dizziness, itching and red skin. Treatment focuses on phlebotomy to reduce red blood cell counts as well as medications to suppress bone marrow activity.
Coagulation Disorders
This document discusses coagulation disorders and bleeding disorders. It describes the normal hemostatic mechanisms including the vascular, platelet and coagulation systems. Bleeding disorders can cause spontaneous or excessive bleeding and can be due to increased vascular fragility, platelet deficiencies or dysfunctions, or derangements of clotting factors. Specific disorders discussed include hemophilia A/B, von Willebrand's disease, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Laboratory tests that can identify coagulation disorders include the tourniquet test, bleeding time, clotting time, platelet count, clot retraction time, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, and thrombin time. Further specific tests may
Hemolytic anemia and post hemorrhagic syndrome
Hemolytic anemia is a condition where red blood cells are destroyed faster than the body can replace them, leading to anemia. It can be caused by intrinsic issues with red blood cells themselves or extrinsic factors like infections, medications, autoimmune disorders, or enlarged organs destroying healthy cells. Symptoms include paleness, fatigue, fever, and abdominal pain. Diagnosis involves blood tests measuring red blood cell counts and liver function. Treatment options depend on the underlying cause but may include blood transfusions, immunosuppressants, corticosteroids, or spleen removal. Posthemorrhagic anemia develops after acute blood loss and is treated by addressing the cause of bleeding with fluids, transfusions, or surgery along
Aproach to anemia
This document summarizes an academic presentation on approaches to patients with anemia. It discusses definitions and classifications of anemia, as well as common types including iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, megaloblastic anemias from B12 or folate deficiency, and sickle cell anemia. For each type, it covers etiologies, symptoms, diagnostic findings, bone marrow characteristics, and treatment approaches. Iron deficiency anemia is the most common worldwide and is discussed in depth, including stages of deficiency and management strategies depending on severity and underlying cause of iron loss.
Hematology
The document discusses general hematology and various blood disorders. It covers red blood cell disorders like anemia, bone marrow failure syndromes, and red blood cell membrane defects. It also discusses bleeding disorders, platelet disorders, coagulation defects, and leukemia. Key points about various conditions like iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, sickle cell disease, immune hemolytic anemia, and vitamin deficiencies are summarized. Screening tests for evaluation of hemostatic abnormalities are also mentioned.
Leukemoid and lekoerythroblastic reaction
This document discusses leukemoid and leukoerythroblastic reactions. Leukemoid reactions involve a marked increase in white blood cell count (>50,000/cumm) in response to a stimulus like infection, with immature cells comprising less than 5% and being reversible. Leukoerythroblastic reactions involve immature cells in both the red and white cell lines in peripheral blood due to bone marrow disturbances from conditions like cancer metastases or myelofibrosis. The document differentiates these reactions from conditions like CML, CNL, and CLL based on factors like age of onset, clinical course, blood and bone marrow morphology, and presence of an underlying condition.
Polycythemia vera
Polycythemia Vera is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder characterized by an overproduction of red blood cells from bone marrow due to a mutation in the JAK2 gene. This leads to thickening of the blood and complications like blood clots and spleen enlargement. It is diagnosed through blood tests showing increased red blood cells. While there is no cure, treatment focuses on reducing blood cell counts through regular blood removal and medications to suppress bone marrow production and stimulate the immune system.
What's hot (20)
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.
Megaloblastic Anaemia: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, treatment and preventions.
Similar to Hemolytic anemia
Hemolytic anemia.pptx
Paediatrics , Hemolytic Anemia , From Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, Lanzkowsky's Manual of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology.
Presentation blood disoreder
This seminar discusses various blood disorders and their oral manifestations. It covers anemias including iron deficiency, B12 deficiency, aplastic, and sickle cell. Leukemias, multiple myeloma, and lymphomas are discussed. Platelet disorders like hemophilia and purpura are also summarized. Key oral signs of these disorders include pallor, bleeding, ulcers, discoloration, and infections. Diagnosis involves blood tests and management includes supplements, transfusions, antibiotics or chemotherapy depending on the specific disorder.
Approach to a patient of anemia1 copy
Dr. Sachin Verma is a young, diligent and dynamic physician. He did his graduation from IGMC Shimla and MD in Internal Medicine from GSVM Medical College Kanpur. Then he did his Fellowship in Intensive Care Medicine (FICM) from Apollo Hospital Delhi. He has done fellowship in infectious diseases by Infectious Disease Society of America (IDSA). He has also done FCCS course and is certified Advance Cardiac Life support (ACLS) and Basic Life Support (BLS) provider by American Heart Association. He has also done a course in Cardiology by American College of Cardiology and a course in Diabetology by International Diabetes Centre. He specializes in the management of Infections, Multiorgan Dysfunctions and Critically ill patients and has many publications and presentations in various national conferences under his belt. He is currently working in NABH Approved Ivy super-specialty Hospital Mohali as Consultant Intensivists and Physician.
Rbc & wbc disorders( Dr. MURALI BM)
This document provides an overview of hematological disorders and diseases of the blood. It begins with an introduction to blood components and hematopoiesis. It then discusses specific blood disorders like anemia, leukemias, and hemolytic anemias. For each disorder, it covers causes, signs and symptoms, investigations, classifications, and treatment approaches. The document aims to comprehensively describe common blood disorders and diseases at a high level.
Approach to Pancytopenia with cases.pptx
Approach to pancytopenia with case based discussion and brief details regarding each condition. Causes of pancytopenia. Details of congenital causes of aplastic anemia.
Approach to Anaemia in the ED
This document discusses the approach to anaemia in the emergency department. It begins with definitions and an overview of the main causes of anaemia: blood loss, decreased red blood cell production, and increased red blood cell destruction. Two case studies are then presented to illustrate anaemia due to blood loss and decreased production. The remainder of the document covers the specific causes, clinical presentations, investigations, and treatments for anaemia resulting from blood loss, decreased production, and increased destruction. It emphasizes that the treatment depends on identifying the underlying cause of the anaemia. Asymptomatic stable cases can be discharged with follow-up, while symptomatic or unstable patients generally require admission.
meidicine.Vasculitis 1.(dr.kawa)
Vasculitis refers to a group of diseases characterized by inflammation of blood vessels. The document defines and classifies different types of vasculitis based on vessel size. It discusses the pathophysiology, clinical features, investigations and management of vasculitis. Giant cell arteritis is provided as an example of large vessel vasculitis that predominantly affects branches of the temporal and ophthalmic arteries in older individuals, with headaches, jaw pain and risk of vision loss as key clinical features.
Sickle cell anaemia
Sickle cell Anemia: A worldwide popular blood disorder, basically a inheritable disease. This document provides you with basic introduction to blood, Anemia its general considerations, signs and symptoms and lastly about Sickle cell Anemia in detail.
Blood, its Disorders & Investigations in Paediatric Dentistry.pptx
This document discusses blood disorders and investigations relevant to pediatric dentistry. It covers the components and functions of blood, as well as disorders that affect red blood cells like polycythemia vera, iron deficiency anemia, aplastic anemia, sickle cell anemia, and thalassemia. For each disorder, it describes the etiology, clinical manifestations, oral manifestations, laboratory findings, and management considerations. The document provides an overview of several important blood disorders that pediatric dentists may encounter.
Classification of anemias
The document discusses the classification of anemias, describing the sites of hematopoiesis, types of blood cells, and stem cells involved in hematopoiesis. It defines anemia, lists common symptoms and signs, and provides a classification system for anemias based on cause, morphology, severity, and reticulocyte response. The morphologic classification system describes the causes and features of microcytic hypochromic, normocytic normochromic, and macrocytic anemias.
Sickle cell disease
Sickle cell disease results from abnormal hemoglobin that causes red blood cells to become rigid and crescent shaped. These sickled cells have a shortened lifespan and can block small blood vessels, leading to pain crises. Common clinical features of sickle cell disease include vaso-occlusive crises involving pain, acute chest syndrome, and aplastic crises where red blood cell counts drop severely. Management involves vaccination, antibiotics for infection prevention, hydration, pain medication, and in severe cases splenectomy or bone marrow transplant.
HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS 19.12.2023 L.SUNEETHA (1).pdf
This document provides information on hematological disorders including anemias, polycythemias, and bleeding disorders. It begins by defining hematological disorders as diseases affecting blood and blood forming tissues. It then discusses different types of anemias classified by cause or cell morphology. Common anemias described include iron deficiency anemia, anemia of chronic disease, and thalassemia. Symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment options for anemias are also outlined. The document also introduces polycythemias including definitions and types like primary and secondary polycythemia. Primary polycythemia vera is described in more detail regarding its cause, risk factors, signs and symptoms, and diagnostic evaluation. Finally, bleeding disorders
PNH.ppt
This document provides information on paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH). It describes PNH as an acquired hemolytic anemia caused by a somatic mutation in hematopoietic stem cells, rendering red blood cells susceptible to complement-mediated lysis. This results in intravascular hemolysis, thrombosis, and cytopenias. The document discusses the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic testing including flow cytometry, treatment including supportive care and the complement inhibitor eculizumab (Soliris), and risks and outcomes of PNH.
Approach to anemia
Approach to anemia - Iron, Megaloblastic, Hemolytic, Autoimmune, Cytopenia, Marrow and Management - Advances, Sideroblastic
Introduction to Hematology and Anemia
This document provides an overview of hematology and anemia. It discusses the components of blood, red blood cell development and indices, classifications of anemia, laboratory tests used in diagnosis, and the differential diagnosis of anemia types based on red blood cell morphology and etiology. Key points include that anemia is defined as low hemoglobin or red blood cell count, and anemias are caused by either inadequate red blood cell production or accelerated red blood cell destruction. Anemias can be classified as microcytic, normocytic, or macrocytic based on cell size, and have various potential underlying etiologies.
laboratorydiagnosisofanemiaugs-170319165804 (1).pptx
This document discusses the laboratory diagnosis of anemia. It defines anemia, outlines the clinical presentation and initial workup, and describes the classification and evaluation of different types of anemia including microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic, and hemolytic anemias. Key tests discussed include complete blood count, peripheral smear, reticulocyte count, and Coombs test. The document provides details on distinguishing features and diagnostic evaluation for specific anemias such as iron deficiency, megaloblastic, sickle cell, and immune hemolytic anemia.
Cbp (3)complete blood picture
This document provides an overview of a complete blood count (CBC) or hemogram test. It discusses the components of a CBC including red blood cell count, hemoglobin levels, hematocrit, mean corpuscular volume (MCV), white blood cell count, and platelet count. It defines and provides the normal ranges for these components. It also summarizes various types of anemia such as iron deficiency anemia, thalassemia, anemia of chronic disease, and hemolytic anemia, how they present on a CBC, and approaches to differentiating between them. The document emphasizes the importance of the CBC in evaluating patients for many medical conditions.
Haematological assessment
The document provides an overview of tests used to assess the hematology system. It discusses the composition of blood including erythrocytes, leukocytes, platelets, and hematopoiesis. Diagnostic tests are outlined including complete blood count, coagulation tests, platelet aggregation test, leukocyte alkaline phosphatase test, serum iron tests, bone marrow examination, lymph node biopsy, and radiological studies. The goal of these tests is to evaluate blood cellular components, clotting ability, and detect any abnormalities in the hematology system.
Laboratory diagnosis of anemia
This document discusses the laboratory diagnosis of anemia. It defines anemia, outlines the clinical presentation and initial workup, and describes the classification and distinct features of different types of anemia including iron deficiency, megaloblastic, hemolytic, aplastic, thalassemia, and sickle cell anemia. The diagnostic approach involves analyzing red blood cell indices and peripheral smears to classify anemias as microcytic, macrocytic, or normocytic and then further evaluating based on etiology.
Aplastic anaemia.pptx
The most appropriate provisional diagnosis is aplastic anemia.
To diagnose:
- Perform a bone marrow biopsy which will show hypoplastic/aplastic bone marrow.
- Check for pancytopenia - low RBC, WBC, platelet counts.
To manage:
- Blood transfusions to manage anemia and thrombocytopenia.
- Antibiotics for any infections given low WBC.
- Consider immunosuppressive therapy like ATG or look for a HLA matched sibling donor for hematopoietic stem cell transplant which can cure severe aplastic anemia.
Similar to Hemolytic anemia (20)
Blood, its Disorders & Investigations in Paediatric Dentistry.pptx
Blood, its Disorders & Investigations in Paediatric Dentistry.pptx
HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS 19.12.2023 L.SUNEETHA (1).pdf
HAEMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS 19.12.2023 L.SUNEETHA (1).pdf
laboratorydiagnosisofanemiaugs-170319165804 (1).pptx
laboratorydiagnosisofanemiaugs-170319165804 (1).pptx
More from ariva zhagan
Complement system
The complement system is a collection of soluble proteins and membrane receptors that function in host defense against microbes and inflammatory reactions. It consists of more than 20 proteins numbered C1 through C9. The complement system works through three pathways - classical, lectin, and alternative - that ultimately activate C3 and C5 convertases, cleaving C3 and C5 into fragments that opsonize pathogens, induce inflammation, and form the membrane attack complex to lyse microbes. Complement activation is tightly regulated by inhibitory proteins to prevent damage to host cells. Deficiencies in complement proteins can increase susceptibility to certain infections.
Phagocytosis
Phagocytosis is the process by which leukocytes and macrophages eliminate microbes and dead cells. It involves recognition of the microbes or dead cells by phagocytic receptors, attachment, engulfment through pseudopod formation and plasma membrane extension, and killing through reactive oxygen species, reactive nitrogen species, and lysosomal enzymes released inside the phagosome. Antioxidants and anti-proteases help regulate the killing process.
Free radical injury
Free radicals are highly reactive chemical entities with unpaired electrons that can be toxic under some conditions. There are several types of free radicals including oxygen, sulfur, carbon, and nitrogen centered radicals. Free radicals are formed by either losing or gaining a single electron from a non-radical species and play a role in oxidative stress through reactions like the Fenton reaction.
Cell injury
Cell injury can be reversible or irreversible. Reversible injury results in cellular swelling and fat accumulation but the cell can return to normal function. Irreversible injury leads to necrosis and apoptosis and the cell cannot be treated or recover. Reversible injury is caused by a lack of oxygen or chemicals and results in cellular swelling and fatty changes visible as lipid vacuoles in the cytoplasm. Irreversible injury is caused by prolonged stress and results in cell death.
Cellular unit in health disease
This document discusses the key functions and components of healthy cells, including metabolism, organelles, cytoskeleton, cell-cell interactions, growth factors and receptors, the cell cycle, and stem cells. It explains that cells rely on fundamental housekeeping functions like nutrient production and transport, communication, movement, renewal, and waste breakdown. Specific organelles support metabolism, energy generation, protein synthesis, steroid synthesis, protein modification, and cellular regulation. The cytoskeleton, composed of actin, intermediate filaments and microtubules, gives cells their shape and ability to move. Growth factors stimulate genes for cell growth and division. The tightly regulated cell cycle results in cell division through development and tissue maintenance. Stem cells can differentiate and renew
Special stains in dermato pathology - final copy
This document provides an overview of various special stains used in dermatopathology. It begins by explaining what stains are and their uses, such as enhancing contrast and examining tissues. It then describes the major categories of stains including those for carbohydrates, lipids, microorganisms, connective tissues, and minerals. Specific stains are also outlined, like PAS for glycogen and fungi, Masson's Trichrome for collagen, and Gram staining for bacteria identification. The document concludes by stating several stains used for visualizing structures like mast cells, amyloid, and various microbes under the microscope.
Role of ihc on soft tissue tumours
This document discusses the role of immunohistochemistry (IHC) in diagnosing soft tissue tumours. It begins by defining soft tissue and the WHO classification of soft tissue tumours. IHC is an important ancillary technique that can be used to identify discrete tissue components using antigen-antibody binding. The document outlines the IHC protocol and discusses various markers that can help diagnose different types of soft tissue tumours, including markers for fibroblastic, adipocytic, vascular, neural, osseous and cartilaginous tumours. Specific markers and the tumours they are useful for identifying are provided. The document emphasizes that IHC should be used along with other techniques as markers sometimes show cross-reactivity.
Renal failure
This document summarizes various types of renal failure including acute renal failure and chronic kidney disease. It discusses the etiology, pathogenesis and phases of acute tubular necrosis. It also covers chronic glomerulonephritis and specific conditions like membranous nephropathy, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, IgA nephropathy, and diabetic nephropathy. The document provides details on urine analysis findings, histopathology techniques like immunofluorescence and electron microscopy in the evaluation of renal diseases.
Refreactory anemia
Refractory anemia is a subtype of myelodysplastic syndrome characterized by non-responsiveness to conventional anemia treatment. It is defined by less than 5% blasts in the bone marrow and less than 1% in the peripheral blood. Refractory anemia involves dysplasia primarily affecting the erythroid lineage. Evaluation includes blood counts, peripheral smear, bone marrow biopsy and cytogenetic testing to confirm the diagnosis and guide prognosis. Management focuses on treating the anemia and related symptoms.
Processing of tissue
This document describes the steps involved in tissue processing from fixation to embedding in wax. It discusses obtaining fresh specimens, fixation in formalin, dehydration through an alcohol series, clearing in xylene, infiltration and embedding in paraffin wax. Sections are then cut on a microtome, mounted on slides and stained, usually with hematoxylin and eosin, to visualize tissue structures microscopically. Proper processing is important to preserve tissue morphology and produce high quality stained sections for diagnostic examination.
Poorly differentiated neoplasms
This document discusses poorly differentiated neoplasms and provides details about medulloblastoma and meningioma. It notes that medulloblastoma is the most common poorly differentiated brain tumor in children, occurring in the cerebellum. Meningiomas predominantly arise from meningeal cells and can be benign or atypical/anaplastic. The document also covers prion diseases like Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, which causes rapid dementia and is characterized by spongiform changes in the brain due to misfolded prion proteins.
Polycythemia
Polycythemia is a blood disorder characterized by an increased red blood cell count. There are two main types: primary polycythemia vera, which is a stem cell cancer caused by a JAK2 mutation; and secondary polycythemia, caused by inappropriate erythropoietin secretion in response to conditions like high altitudes or lung/heart diseases. Polycythemia vera symptoms include headache, itching, fatigue and bleeding risks. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing increased red blood cells, hematocrit, and hemoglobin levels along with a bone marrow biopsy. Treatment focuses on phlebotomy and medications to reduce red blood cell counts.
Pem
Nutritional disease can result from protein energy malnutrition (PEM), which is caused by inadequate intake of proteins and calories. PEM leads to deficiencies in digestion/absorption and loss of fat, muscle tissue, and weight. It has multiple etiologies including poverty, infections, illness, alcoholism, and ignorance. PEM is a serious, often lethal condition especially in children under 5 years old. It is diagnosed by body mass index, skin fold thickness, mid-arm circumference, and serum proteins. The two main types are marasmus, characterized by weight loss and depletion of muscle, and kwashiorkor, which occurs when protein deprivation exceeds calorie deficit and results in edema, skin lesions, and fatty liver.
Peadiatric infections
This document lists various pediatric infections organized by the body system affected. It includes respiratory infections caused by adenovirus, rhinovirus, and influenza that can cause upper and lower respiratory tract infections. It also lists digestive infections such as mumps, rotavirus, norovirus, and hepatitis viruses that can cause gastroenteritis. Additionally, it mentions systemic infections affecting the skin like measles, rubella, and varicella zoster that cause rubeola, German measles, and chickenpox/shingles.
Pathology definitions
This document defines key terms related to pathology including types of cell changes (hypertrophy, hyperplasia, atrophy, metaplasia), types of cell death (necrosis, apoptosis, autophagy), inflammation processes (leukocyte recruitment, chemotaxis, reactive oxygen species), immunity and hypersensitivity reactions, neoplasia and tumor characteristics (anaplasia, metastasis), and hematologic disorders (anemia, leukemias, myelodysplastic syndromes).
Paroxysmal nocternal hemoglobinuria
Paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) is a rare blood disorder caused by a genetic defect involving the PIGA gene. This results in a lack of certain proteins that normally protect red blood cells from being destroyed by the immune system. During sleep, when pressures in blood vessels are lower, the red blood cells are more vulnerable to destruction, leading to hemoglobin in the urine and anemia. Diagnosis involves blood and urine tests and can be confirmed via flow cytometry. Treatment options include stem cell transplantation.
Paraneoplastic syndrome
A paraneoplastic syndrome is a disease or symptom that is caused by cancer but is not due to direct involvement of cancer cells. They occur in 10-15% of cancer patients and are typically seen in lung, breast, ovarian, and lymphoma cancers. Paraneoplastic syndromes can be endocrine, neurological, mucocutaneous, or hematological in nature. Common endocrine paraneoplastic syndromes include Cushing syndrome, SIADH, hypercalcemia, hypoglycemia, polycythemia, hyperaldosteronism, and carcinoid syndrome, which result from hormones or cytokines secreted by tumor cells.
Ovarian neoplasms
This document discusses ovarian germ cell tumors. It describes that germ cell tumors constitute 15-20% of ovarian tumors and are derived from primitive germ cells. They are classified as mature teratomas, immature teratomas, or monodermal tumors. Mature teratomas are benign cysts containing tissues from all germ layers, while immature teratomas are malignant with embryonic or fetal tissues. Specific germ cell tumors discussed include dermoid cysts, dysgerminomas, yolk sac tumors, and choriocarcinomas. Risk factors, morphology, microscopy, and other characteristics are provided for each tumor type.
Nutritional disease
Nutritional disease refers to protein energy malnutrition (PEM), which results from inadequate intake of proteins and calories. PEM causes deficiencies in digestion and absorption, resulting in loss of fat, muscle tissue, weight loss and general weakness. PEM is a serious and often lethal condition, especially in children under 5 years old. It has various etiologies including poverty, infections, illness, alcoholism and dietary restrictions. PEM is diagnosed using measurements like body mass index, mid-arm circumference and serum protein levels. The two main types are marasmus, characterized by weight loss and muscle depletion, and kwashiorkor, distinguished by edema and hypoalbuminemia.
Myeloproliferative disorder
This document discusses myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs), including polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis. MPDs are clonal stem cell disorders characterized by excessive proliferation of one or more myeloid cell lineages. Common features include increased proliferation, extramedullary hematopoiesis, marrow fibrosis, and peripheral blood cytopenias. The document then provides more detailed descriptions of polycythemia vera, essential thrombocythemia, and primary myelofibrosis, including their definitions, pathogeneses involving mutations, morphologies, clinical features, complications, investigations, and treatments.
More from ariva zhagan (20)
Recently uploaded
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docx
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance
How to Add Chatter in the odoo 17 ERP Module
In Odoo, the chatter is like a chat tool that helps you work together on records. You can leave notes and track things, making it easier to talk with your team and partners. Inside chatter, all communication history, activity, and changes will be displayed.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar KanvariaChapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptxMohd Adib Abd Muin, Senior Lecturer at Universiti Utara Malaysia
This slide is special for master students (MIBS & MIFB) in UUM. Also useful for readers who are interested in the topic of contemporary Islamic banking.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Let’s explore the intersection of technology and equity in the final session of our DEI series. Discover how AI tools, like ChatGPT, can be used to support and enhance your nonprofit's DEI initiatives. Participants will gain insights into practical AI applications and get tips for leveraging technology to advance their DEI goals.
Types of Herbal Cosmetics its standardization.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/y977uz6bpd3af4qsebv7r9b7s21935vdAssessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
Recently uploaded (20)
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
Liberal Approach to the Study of Indian Politics.pdf
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRM
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Digital Artefact 1 - Tiny Home Environmental Design
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
Film vocab for eal 3 students: Australia the movie
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
A Survey of Techniques for Maximizing LLM Performance.pptx
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Chapter 4 - Islamic Financial Institutions in Malaysia.pptx
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp Network
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
Executive Directors Chat Leveraging AI for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH 8 CẢ NĂM - GLOBAL SUCCESS - NĂM HỌC 2023-2024 (CÓ FI...
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptx
Hemolytic anemia
- 1. Hemolytic anemia Dr . T.Arivazhagan Department of pathology
- 2. Introduction • Hemolytic anemias are the anemias in which there is increased red cell destruction. • Anemia develops due to inability of the bone marrow to compensate for the degree of destruction. • Normal life span 120 days • In hemolytic anemia become as low as 15 days • If compensatory marrow regeneration is adequate patient will not manifest the anemia.
- 4. Red cell destruction 1. Extra vascular • Spleen – 80 -90% 2. Intravascular • Destruction of RBC’s in the blood vessels itself
- 12. Clinical features 1. Pallor 2. Jaundice 3. Splenomegaly 4. Gall stone 5. Skeletal abnormalities 6. Ulcers
- 13. Peripheral smear 1. Polychromatophilic 2. Nucleated RBCS 3. Spherocytes 4. Sickle cells 5. Target cells 6. schistocytes
- 15. Bone marrow 1. Erythroid hyperplasia 2. Reticulocytosis