This document discusses several airborne diseases caused by viruses, including their symptoms, treatment, and prevention methods. It covers chickenpox, influenza, measles, mumps, smallpox, and more. The diseases are spread through respiratory droplets from coughing, sneezing, or talking. Vaccines exist for many of these illnesses, such as chickenpox, measles, mumps, and influenza vaccines, which can help prevent outbreaks. The document also notes some of the worst influenza pandemics in history that killed millions of people worldwide before vaccines were developed.

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GI Tract Functions

2. Airborne Diseases Due To Viruses
Presented To :- Sir. Shahroz Khan
Presented By :- Naveed Akhtar
Topic

3. What is an Air-Borne Disease
Airborne diseases are spread when droplets
of pathogens are expelled into the air due to
coughing, sneezing or talking.
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4. Chickenpox(Vericella)
Highly contagious skin disease
Primarily of children 2 to 7 years of age.
In USA 4 million died annually.
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5. Chickenpox(Vericella)
Causative agent is vecirella zooster.
Portal of entry is respiratory tract.
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6. Signs and symptoms
small vesicles erupt on the face
fill with pus, rupture, and become covered
by scabs
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7. Treatment
Can be cured by vaccines (varicella
vaccine)
Drug likeAcyclovir (Zovirax or Valtrex).
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8. Influenza
Respiratory disease
Caused by orthomyxovirus.
3 types based on antigen i.e A , B ,C.
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9. Influenza
Variation occurs in orthomyxo virus.
In china it is found in chicken & pigs.
Transferred to human as a cycle.
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10. Influenza
Ist epidemics in world was in 1580.
31 epidemics in various area of the world
occurred.
The worst epidemics occur in 1981, 20
million people died.
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11. Influenza
Influenza ‘‘A’’ is much dangrous.
Sub types of ‘‘A’’ are H11N1 , H2N1 ,
H2N2.
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12. The number of known human pandemic
deaths, are
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Name of pandemic Date Deaths
1889–1890flu
pandemic
)Asiatic or Russian Flu(
1889–1890 1million
1918flu pandemic
)Spanish flu(
1918–1920 20to 100 million
Asian Flu 1957–1958 1to 1.5 million
Hong Kong Flu 1968–1969 .0 75to 1 million
Russian flu 1977–1978 no accurate count
2009flu pandemic 2009–2010 ,18 000

13. Symptoms
Cough and congestion
Fever
Headache
Body Aches
General malaise
Sore throat
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14. Treatment
Antiviral drug (Amonotadine) ,
(Rimonotodine).
Zananivir
Osefloivir.
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15. Measles (Rubeola)
Rubeola: Latin word rubeus, red
Infection of the respiratory system.
Highly contagious and is spread by
coughing and sneezing.
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16. Measles (Rubeola)
Causative agent is morbillivirus.
Potal of entry is respiratory tract &
conjuctive of eyes.
Incubation period in 10 to 21 days.
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17. Signs and syptoms
First symptoms begin about the tenth day
with:
Nasal discharge
Cough
Fever
Headache
Conjunctivitis.
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18. Treatment
No specific treatment is available for
measles.
Measles vaccine (Attenuvax) or in
combination (MMR vaccine; measles,
mumps rubella) is recommended for all
children.
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19. Next Slides will be presented by
Najeeb Ullah
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20. Mumps
well-known common childhood disease
Characterized by swelling of the parotid
glands ,salivary glands and other epithelial
tissues.
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21. Mumps
Primary agent is pavaryxoviridae.
It is a single strand RNA virus.
Portal of entry is respiratory tract.
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22. Symptoms
Swelling and inflammation of parathyroid
gland.
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23. Treatment
Universal mumps vaccination were
introduced in the United Kingdom in 1988.
MMR vaccine.
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24. Small pox
Some time dangerous…
Universally accepted for 300 years..
First reported by Edward jinner.
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25. Small pox
Agent is variola.
Portal of entry…. aerosal.
Single linear double stranded DNA.
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26. Symptoms
Common cold: fever of at least 38.5 °C (101 °F)
Backache
Headache
Nausea
Vomiting
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27. Treatment
No specific vaccines.
Attuneted vaccines are used..
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28. Thank you