Airspora & transmission

•Download as PPTX, PDF•

1 like•447 views

KARTHIK REDDY C A

Science

Air Spora
• The atmosphere is filled with abundant airborne spores.
• These are produced by fungi in the natural environment.
• These may be fungi growing in the soil or on leaf surfaces.
• Although the majority of these fungi are saprobes, existing
on dead or non-living organic material, other fungi may be
plant or animal pathogens.
KKR1116 1

What's hot

Microbial deterioration of textiles and paper

Purnima Kartha

Biodeterioration of paper and leather ppt..

ShaistaKhan60

Methanogens

Saajida Sultaana

Air sampling devices

soniaangeline

Azotobacter beneficial microbes

khushbushastri

Soil Microbiology

pooja sabarinathan

Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons

Hamza Shiekh

Terrestrial Environment Microbiology/ Soil Microbiology

RuchiRawal1

Microbial pigments

aishwarya gururaj

Extremophiles

Praveen Garg

Computer control of fermentation process

Sanjay236837

PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS INTRODUCTION Phosphate SOLUBILIZERS are a group of beneficial micro-organisms capable of breaking down of organic and inorganic insoluble phosphorous compounds to soluble P form that can easily be assimilated by plants. Phosphorous (P) is a major growth-limiting nutrient, Plants acquire phosphorus from soil solution as phosphate anion. TYPES MECHANISM ISOLATION INOCULANT PRODUCTION INOCULANT APPLICATION ROLE OF PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS

PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS by Pranzly.ppt

Pranzly Rajput

Microbial diversity in extreme environments

khan Shaharukh

air is not a natural environment for microorganisms. Physical & chemical parameters of air do not support the growth and multiplication of microorganisms. Microbes present in the troposphere are actually liberated into air from other sources like soil, water, plant & animal surfaces and human beings. Air acts mainly as a medium for dispersion and transmission of microorganisms. Several infectious diseases are transmitted through air.

Atmospheric layers & microbes in air

Meera C R

Microorganisms in food

Balwant Insa

Sources of foodborne microorganisms

Mona Othman Albureikan / King Abdulaziz University

Bacteriocins

Kumuda J

Air microbiology study of microbes suspended in air. Microflora of air depend on the location and environmental condition at particular place. There are different types of air trapping devices like Slit Sampler, Andersons samplers, Impingers etc. Air borne diseases mainly spread by droplet infection, contact with infected things . Air borne diseases are discussed and concluded with control of air borne microbes.

Air microbiology ppt

University college

Fermented food products cheese,yoghurt,kefir

narayanianu

Fermentation media part 1

ParishiPatel

What's hot (20)

Microbial deterioration of textiles and paper

Biodeterioration of paper and leather ppt..

Methanogens

Air sampling devices

Azotobacter beneficial microbes

Soil Microbiology

Biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons

Terrestrial Environment Microbiology/ Soil Microbiology

Microbial pigments

Extremophiles

Computer control of fermentation process

PHOSPHATE SOLUBILIZERS by Pranzly.ppt

Microbial diversity in extreme environments

Atmospheric layers & microbes in air

Microorganisms in food

Sources of foodborne microorganisms

Bacteriocins

Air microbiology ppt

Fermented food products cheese,yoghurt,kefir

Fermentation media part 1

Recently uploaded

American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).pptx

abhishekdhamu51

Bollworms are among the most damaging pests in cotton cultivation, affecting the bolls where the cotton fibers are formed. There are several species of bollworms, each capable of causing significant yield loss and quality degradation if not effectively managed. Here’s a detailed look at the primary bollworm species affecting cotton: Cotton Bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera): Also known as the corn earworm or the Old World bollworm, this pest is found in many regions around the world. It is highly polyphagous (feeds on many different plants) and poses a threat not only to cotton but also to maize, tomatoes, and legumes. The larvae bore into the cotton bolls, feeding on the developing seeds and fibers, which can lead to boll rot. Pink Bollworm (Pectinophora gossypiella): A significant pest of cotton, the pink bollworm larvae infest the cotton bolls, feeding on the seeds and lint. This can severely damage or destroy the bolls. In regions where pink bollworms are prevalent, they have been a major driver for the adoption of genetically engineered Bt cotton, which expresses a bacterium gene toxic to certain insects. Tobacco Budworm (Heliothis virescens): Closely related to the cotton bollworm, the tobacco budworm primarily attacks tobacco but is also a common pest in cotton. It primarily damages the flowers and bolls of the cotton plant. Differentiating between the tobacco budworm and the cotton bollworm based on appearance can be challenging, but it is crucial for effective management. American Bollworm (Helicoverpa zea): Known in some regions as the corn earworm, it is similar in behavior to Helicoverpa armigera and poses a threat to a variety of crops, including cotton. The larvae attack the cotton bolls, leading to direct damage to the cotton lint and seeds. Management Strategies: Cultural Controls: Crop rotation, destruction of crop residues, and deep plowing can help break the pest’s life cycle. Timing of planting can also be adjusted to avoid peak pest infestation. Biological Controls: Natural enemies like Trichogramma wasps, which parasitize bollworm eggs, and predators such as lacewings and ladybugs can be encouraged. Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) products can also be sprayed, which are particularly effective against young larvae. Chemical Controls: Insecticides may be required when infestation levels exceed economic thresholds. However, resistance management must be considered, alternating modes of action to avoid developing resistance. Genetic Approaches: Bt cotton, genetically modified to express Bacillus thuringiensis toxin, has been highly effective in controlling bollworms and has dramatically reduced the reliance on chemical insecticides. Monitoring and Scouting: Regular field scouting and using pheromone traps to monitor adult populations can help in timely and targeted application of control measures. The effective management of bollworms often requires an integrated approach

Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf

PirithiRaju

Kochi CALL GIRL 84099*07087 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Kochi ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL IN We are Providing :- ● – Private independent collage Going girls . ● – independent Models . ● – House Wife’s . ● – Private Independent House Wife’s ● – Corporate M.N.C Working Profiles . ● – Call Center Girls . ● – Live Band Girls . ●- Foreigners & Many More . Service type: 1.In call 2.out call 3. full Lip to Lip kiss 4.69 5.b-job without Condom 6. Hard Core sex & Much More. 7 Body to Body Touch 8 Kissing 9 Sucking Boobs and More 10 Enjoy by Hand 11 Relax By Oral 12 Sex with Happy Ending • In Call and Out Call Service • 3* 5* 7* Hotels Service • 24 Hours Available • Indian, Russian, Punjabi, Kashmiri Escorts • Real Models, College Girls, House Wife, Also Available • Short Time and Full Time Service Available • Hygienic Full AC Neat and Clean Rooms Avail. In Hotel 24 hours • Daily Escorts Staff Available • Minimum to Maximum Range Available.

Kochi ❤CALL GIRL 84099*07087 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Kochi ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL

kantirani197

Clean In Place(CIP).pptx .

Poonam Aher Patil

FAIRSpectra - Enabling the FAIRification of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry

Alex Henderson

CELL -Structural and Functional unit of life.pdf

Nistarini College, Purulia (W.B) India

Chemistry is the scientific study of matter, its properties, composition, structure, and the changes it undergoes. It's often divided into various sub-disciplines such as organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, physical chemistry, analytical chemistry, and biochemistry. Chemistry plays a crucial role in understanding the world around us and has applications in various fields such as medicine, materials science, environmental science, and industry.

Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

Justdial Call Girls In Indirapuram, Ghaziabad, 8800357707 Escorts Service Best High Class call girls Service Escorts Service in Home Hotel in Delhi NCR 24 Hours Available Service. We provide Super Class Hot and Sexy Indian Female Escorts Service, A to Z Body and Mind Satisfaction by Top Class Female Models in Delhi Gurgaon Noida NCR in Hotel 24hrs In Call and Out Call Service At Lowest Price. We Have Indian Punjabi Kashmiri Northeast Every Type Sexy Bold Beautiful Young Soft Cute Charming Female Escorts Available. Hygienic Full AC Neat and Clean Rooms Avail. In Hotel 24hrs in Delhi NCR

Justdial Call Girls In Indirapuram, Ghaziabad, 8800357707 Escorts Service

monikaservice1

Site Acceptance Test .

Poonam Aher Patil

Factory Acceptance Test( FAT).pptx .

Poonam Aher Patil

High Class Escorts in Hyderabad ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 969456...

chandars293

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 3)

Areesha Ahmad

module for grade 9 for distance learning

levieagacer

COST ESTIMATION FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT.pptx

FarihaAbdulRasheed

Botany is the branch of biology that deals with the scientific study of plants, including their structure, growth, reproduction, metabolism, development, and classification. It encompasses a wide range of topics, from the molecular biology of plant cells to the ecological relationships between plants and their environments. Botany is essential for understanding plant diversity, ecology, evolution, and the roles plants play in ecosystems and human societies.

Botany 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Sumit Kumar yadav

Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...

Lokesh Kothari

Context. WASP-76 b has been a recurrent subject of study since the detection of a signature in high-resolution transit spectroscopy data indicating an asymmetry between the two limbs of the planet. The existence of this asymmetric signature has been confirmed by multiple studies, but its physical origin is still under debate. In addition, it contrasts with the absence of asymmetry reported in the infrared (IR) phase curve. Aims. We provide a more comprehensive dataset of WASP-76 b with the goal of drawing a complete view of the physical processes at work in this atmosphere. In particular, we attempt to reconcile visible high-resolution transit spectroscopy data and IR broadband phase curves. Methods. We gathered 3 phase curves, 20 occultations, and 6 transits for WASP-76 b in the visible with the CHEOPS space telescope. We also report the analysis of three unpublished sectors observed by the TESS space telescope (also in the visible), which represents 34 phase curves. Results. WASP-76 b displays an occultation of 260±11 and 152±10 ppm in TESS and CHEOPS bandpasses respectively. Depending on the composition assumed for the atmosphere and the data reduction used for the IR data, we derived geometric albedo estimates that range from 0.05 ± 0.023 to 0.146 ± 0.013 and from <0.13 to 0.189 ± 0.017 in the CHEOPS and TESS bandpasses, respectively. As expected from the IR phase curves, a low-order model of the phase curves does not yield any detectable asymmetry in the visible either. However, an empirical model allowing for sharper phase curve variations offers a hint of a flux excess before the occultation, with an amplitude of ∼40 ppm, an orbital offset of ∼−30◦ , and a width of ∼20◦ . We also constrained the orbital eccentricity of WASP-76 b to a value lower than 0.0067, with a 99.7% confidence level. This result contradicts earlier proposed scenarios aimed at explaining the asymmetry observed in high-resolution transit spectroscopy. Conclusions. In light of these findings, we hypothesise that WASP-76 b could have night-side clouds that extend predominantly towards its eastern limb. At this limb, the clouds would be associated with spherical droplets or spherically shaped aerosols of an unknown species, which would be responsible for a glory effect in the visible phase curves.

Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b

Sérgio Sacani

Cotton crops are vulnerable to a variety of sucking pests, which can severely impact plant health, yield, and fiber quality. These pests primarily feed on plant sap, extracting nutrients directly from the plant's vascular system. Here's a breakdown of some of the most significant sucking pests in cotton cultivation: Aphids: Cotton aphids or melon aphids can cause direct damage by sucking sap and indirect damage by secreting honeydew, which encourages sooty mold growth. This can interfere with photosynthesis and weaken the plant. Aphids can also transmit viral diseases. Whiteflies: Two species, the silverleaf whitefly and the bandedwinged whitefly, are particularly troublesome. They not only suck sap from the underside of leaves, causing yellowing and leaf drop, but their honeydew excretion promotes sooty mold and they can transmit several plant viruses. Thrips: While thrips can chew on plants, their primary damage to cotton is through sucking. They attack the cotton plant during its seedling stage, which can stunt growth and reduce vigor. Thrips are also capable of transmitting the Cotton Bud disease. Spider Mites: These are not insects but arachnids. Spider mites, such as the two-spotted spider mite, suck cell contents from the leaves, leading to speckled discoloration and potentially significant leaf loss if infestations are severe. Leafhoppers: Including various species, leafhoppers can cause direct damage through feeding, which results in leaf curling and stunted growth. They can also be vectors for plant diseases. Mealybugs: These pests are less common but can be problematic, especially in clustered planting conditions. They suck sap and secrete honeydew, which leads to sooty mold. Mealybugs can also spread viruses. Stink Bugs: Although primarily known for their chewing mouthparts, certain stink bugs can cause damage similar to sucking pests by injecting saliva into the plant and sucking out nutrients, leading to boll damage and stained lint. Management Strategies: Cultural Controls: This includes practices such as crop rotation, using resistant varieties, and managing planting and harvesting times to avoid peak pest populations. Biological Controls: Beneficial insects like lady beetles, lacewings, and predatory mites can naturally control sucking pest populations. Parasitic wasps also play a role in controlling aphid and whitefly populations. Chemical Controls: Insecticides may be used but should be chosen carefully to minimize resistance development and preserve beneficial insects. Systemic insecticides can be particularly effective against sucking pests. Integrated Pest Management (IPM): Combining multiple control strategies based on monitoring and thresholds to apply the most effective and environmentally sensitive approach. Effective management of sucking pests in cotton requires a thorough understanding of the pest species present, their life cycles, and the ecological balance of the field environment.

Pests of cotton_Sucking_Pests_Dr.UPR.pdf

PirithiRaju

Theoretical predictions and observational data indicate a class of sub-Neptune exoplanets may have water-rich interiors covered by hydrogen-dominated atmospheres. Provided suitable climate conditions, such planets could host surface liquid oceans. Motivated by recent JWST observations of K2-18 b, we self-consistently model the photochemistry and potential detectability of biogenic sulfur gases in the atmospheres of temperate sub-Neptune waterworlds for the first time. On Earth today, organic sulfur compounds produced by marine biota are rapidly destroyed by photochemical processes before they can accumulate to significant levels. Domagal-Goldman et al. suggest that detectable biogenic sulfur signatures could emerge in Archean-like atmospheres with higher biological production or low UV flux. In this study, we explore biogenic sulfur across a wide range of biological fluxes and stellar UV environments. Critically, the main photochemical sinks are absent on the nightside of tidally locked planets. To address this, we further perform experiments with a 3D general circulation model and a 2D photochemical model (VULCAN 2D) to simulate the global distribution of biogenic gases to investigate their terminator concentrations as seen via transmission spectroscopy. Our models indicate that biogenic sulfur gases can rise to potentially detectable levels on hydrogen-rich water worlds, but only for enhanced global biosulfur flux (20 times modern Earth’s flux). We find that it is challenging to identify DMS at 3.4 μm where it strongly overlaps with CH4, whereas it is more plausible to detect DMS and companion byproducts, ethylene (C2H4) and ethane (C2H6), in the mid-infrared between 9 and 13 μm. Unified Astronomy Thesaurus concepts: Exoplanet atmospheres (487); Exoplanet

Biogenic Sulfur Gases as Biosignatures on Temperate Sub-Neptune Waterworlds

Sérgio Sacani

Forensic Biology & Its biological significance.pdf

rohankumarsinghrore1

Recently uploaded (20)

American Type Culture Collection (ATCC).pptx

Pests of cotton_Borer_Pests_Binomics_Dr.UPR.pdf

Kochi ❤CALL GIRL 84099*07087 ❤CALL GIRLS IN Kochi ESCORT SERVICE❤CALL GIRL

Clean In Place(CIP).pptx .

FAIRSpectra - Enabling the FAIRification of Spectroscopy and Spectrometry

CELL -Structural and Functional unit of life.pdf

Chemistry 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Justdial Call Girls In Indirapuram, Ghaziabad, 8800357707 Escorts Service

Site Acceptance Test .

Factory Acceptance Test( FAT).pptx .

High Class Escorts in Hyderabad ₹7.5k Pick Up & Drop With Cash Payment 969456...

GBSN - Microbiology (Unit 3)

module for grade 9 for distance learning

COST ESTIMATION FOR A RESEARCH PROJECT.pptx

Botany 4th semester series (krishna).pdf

Labelling Requirements and Label Claims for Dietary Supplements and Recommend...

Asymmetry in the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-76 b

Pests of cotton_Sucking_Pests_Dr.UPR.pdf

Biogenic Sulfur Gases as Biosignatures on Temperate Sub-Neptune Waterworlds

Forensic Biology & Its biological significance.pdf

Airspora & transmission

1. Air Spora • The atmosphere is filled with abundant airborne spores. • These are produced by fungi in the natural environment. • These may be fungi growing in the soil or on leaf surfaces. • Although the majority of these fungi are saprobes, existing on dead or non-living organic material, other fungi may be plant or animal pathogens. KKR1116 1

10. KKR1116 10

11. KKR1116 11

12. KKR1116 12

13. KKR1116 13