AC GENERATOR,GENERATOR presentation
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An AC generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy using Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. It contains a coil called an armature that rotates inside a magnetic field produced by magnets. As the armature spins, the changing magnetic flux induces an alternating current (AC) in the coils. Slip rings and carbon brushes allow the current to be conducted from the moving armature to an external circuit. The amount and direction of the induced current depends on the speed of rotation and position of the armature plane relative to the magnetic field.
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AC GENERATOR.pptx
The document summarizes the key components and working principle of an AC generator. The AC generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. It has a field magnet that produces a magnetic field, an armature coil that rotates in this field, slip rings to carry the alternating current produced, and brushes to transfer the current to an external circuit. As the coil rotates, the changing magnetic flux induces an alternating current whose frequency depends on the rotation speed.
Simple ac generator
This document summarizes the components and working of a simple AC generator. It consists of a field magnet that produces a magnetic field, an armature coil that rotates in this field, slip rings to carry the changing current from the rotating coil, and brushes that transfer this current to an external circuit. As the coil rotates, it cuts the magnetic flux which induces an electromotive force based on Faraday's law of induction, causing an alternating current to be generated. Some applications of AC generators include charging batteries in vehicles, powering diesel locomotives, and generating electricity on boats.
A.C GENERATOR
A simple AC generator consists of a rectangular coil that rotates between the poles of a magnet. As the coil rotates, it cuts the magnetic field lines, inducing a current in the coil. The induced current reverses direction each half rotation as the sides of the coil swap positions relative to the magnet poles. Slip rings connected to the coil ends allow the alternating current to be tapped out through carbon brushes to a load.
DC GENERATOR CHARACTERISTICS
This document discusses different types of DC generators, including permanent magnet, separately excited, and self-excited generators. It focuses on self-excited DC generators, which can be series wound, shunt wound, or compound wound. The document provides details on the magnetic or open circuit characteristic curve, which shows the relationship between field current and generated voltage without a load. It also discusses the internal and external characteristic curves when the generator is loaded, accounting for voltage drops due to armature reaction and ohmic losses. Characteristics of series wound and shunt wound generators are covered as well.
dc Generator Ppt
1) DC generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy through Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When a conductor moves through a magnetic field, an EMF is induced in the conductor.
2) The main components of a DC generator are the yoke, field electromagnets, armature, commutator, and brushes. The armature is wound with coils and rotates within the magnetic field produced by the field electromagnets to generate an EMF.
3) As the armature rotates, the commutator and brushes are used to periodically reverse the direction of current in the external circuit, thereby producing direct current. Losses in the generator arise from copper, iron, and mechanical components
DC GENERATORS
A DC generator converts mechanical energy to DC electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. It has two main parts - a rotor that rotates within a stator. As the rotor cuts the magnetic field in the stator, an alternating voltage is induced in the rotor windings. A commutator is used to convert the alternating voltage to direct voltage that can be used to power loads. The characteristics of a DC generator include its open circuit characteristic showing the relationship between generated voltage and field current, and its external characteristic showing the relationship between terminal voltage and load current.
Dc machines ppt
A DC generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. It consists of a magnetic frame, field poles, an armature, and a commutator. The armature rotates under the poles, cutting the magnetic flux and inducing an EMF. The commutator converts the alternating EMF into a pulsating DC voltage. DC generators are classified as separately excited, self-excited (series, shunt, compound), depending on how the field is connected. A DC motor operates on the principle that a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a torque. It consists of an armature, field poles, a commutator, and brushes. The back EMF opposes the applied voltage
brushless alternator-seminar-ppt 2
This document provides an overview of brushless alternators compared to brushed alternators. It discusses the construction, working principle, losses, and applications of brushless alternators. The key points are:
- Brushless alternators have simplified construction without slip rings or brushes, reducing costs and increasing reliability compared to brushed alternators.
- A brushless alternator contains an exciter alternator and main alternator on the same shaft, with the exciter regulating the output voltage of the main alternator.
- Brushless alternators are now commonly used in automotive and other applications where maintenance-free operation is important.
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AC GENERATOR.pptx
The document summarizes the key components and working principle of an AC generator. The AC generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy through electromagnetic induction. It has a field magnet that produces a magnetic field, an armature coil that rotates in this field, slip rings to carry the alternating current produced, and brushes to transfer the current to an external circuit. As the coil rotates, the changing magnetic flux induces an alternating current whose frequency depends on the rotation speed.
Simple ac generator
This document summarizes the components and working of a simple AC generator. It consists of a field magnet that produces a magnetic field, an armature coil that rotates in this field, slip rings to carry the changing current from the rotating coil, and brushes that transfer this current to an external circuit. As the coil rotates, it cuts the magnetic flux which induces an electromotive force based on Faraday's law of induction, causing an alternating current to be generated. Some applications of AC generators include charging batteries in vehicles, powering diesel locomotives, and generating electricity on boats.
A.C GENERATOR
A simple AC generator consists of a rectangular coil that rotates between the poles of a magnet. As the coil rotates, it cuts the magnetic field lines, inducing a current in the coil. The induced current reverses direction each half rotation as the sides of the coil swap positions relative to the magnet poles. Slip rings connected to the coil ends allow the alternating current to be tapped out through carbon brushes to a load.
DC GENERATOR CHARACTERISTICS
This document discusses different types of DC generators, including permanent magnet, separately excited, and self-excited generators. It focuses on self-excited DC generators, which can be series wound, shunt wound, or compound wound. The document provides details on the magnetic or open circuit characteristic curve, which shows the relationship between field current and generated voltage without a load. It also discusses the internal and external characteristic curves when the generator is loaded, accounting for voltage drops due to armature reaction and ohmic losses. Characteristics of series wound and shunt wound generators are covered as well.
dc Generator Ppt
1) DC generators convert mechanical energy to electrical energy through Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When a conductor moves through a magnetic field, an EMF is induced in the conductor.
2) The main components of a DC generator are the yoke, field electromagnets, armature, commutator, and brushes. The armature is wound with coils and rotates within the magnetic field produced by the field electromagnets to generate an EMF.
3) As the armature rotates, the commutator and brushes are used to periodically reverse the direction of current in the external circuit, thereby producing direct current. Losses in the generator arise from copper, iron, and mechanical components
DC GENERATORS
A DC generator converts mechanical energy to DC electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. It has two main parts - a rotor that rotates within a stator. As the rotor cuts the magnetic field in the stator, an alternating voltage is induced in the rotor windings. A commutator is used to convert the alternating voltage to direct voltage that can be used to power loads. The characteristics of a DC generator include its open circuit characteristic showing the relationship between generated voltage and field current, and its external characteristic showing the relationship between terminal voltage and load current.
Dc machines ppt
A DC generator converts mechanical energy into electrical energy using electromagnetic induction. It consists of a magnetic frame, field poles, an armature, and a commutator. The armature rotates under the poles, cutting the magnetic flux and inducing an EMF. The commutator converts the alternating EMF into a pulsating DC voltage. DC generators are classified as separately excited, self-excited (series, shunt, compound), depending on how the field is connected. A DC motor operates on the principle that a current-carrying conductor in a magnetic field experiences a torque. It consists of an armature, field poles, a commutator, and brushes. The back EMF opposes the applied voltage
brushless alternator-seminar-ppt 2
This document provides an overview of brushless alternators compared to brushed alternators. It discusses the construction, working principle, losses, and applications of brushless alternators. The key points are:
- Brushless alternators have simplified construction without slip rings or brushes, reducing costs and increasing reliability compared to brushed alternators.
- A brushless alternator contains an exciter alternator and main alternator on the same shaft, with the exciter regulating the output voltage of the main alternator.
- Brushless alternators are now commonly used in automotive and other applications where maintenance-free operation is important.
ac generator
This document discusses the components and operation of an AC generator. It describes the key parts including the field, armature, prime mover, rotor, stator and slip rings. The field and magnetic flux produce voltage in the armature. The rotor is driven by the prime mover and its rotation through the magnetic field induces current in the armature coils. Slip rings allow current to flow in and out of the rotating component. AC generators have advantages over DC generators for applications such as power generation.
Reduction methods of armature reaction in DC machines
Armature reaction is the effect of the magnetic field produced by current in the armature conductors on the main field produced by the generator's poles. This distorts the main field in two ways: by weakening it (demagnetization) and shifting it (cross-magnetization). Several methods are used to reduce the effects of armature reaction, including using laminated pole shoes, compensating windings, and ensuring a strong main field compared to the armature field.
Armature Reaction
This presentation contains animative understanding of Armature reaction,compensating winding and interpoles
Phasor diagram
The document discusses phasor diagrams and equivalent circuits of transformers. It presents phasor diagrams showing the relationship between voltages and currents for transformers under no load, unity power factor load, lagging power factor load, and leading power factor load conditions. It then derives the equivalent circuit models of transformers by representing the transformer components like winding resistances and leakage fluxes as circuit elements. The equivalent circuits are developed with parameters referred to both the primary and secondary sides. Approximate equivalent circuits neglecting the no-load current are also presented.
Braking methods of induction motor
The document discusses various braking methods for induction motors, including regenerative braking, plugging, and different types of dynamic braking. Regenerative braking occurs when the rotor speed exceeds synchronous speed, causing power to flow in the reverse direction. Plugging involves reversing the phase sequence of the supply to change operation from motoring to braking. Dynamic braking disconnects one phase of the supply or connects the motor to a DC supply, causing the motor to act as a generator and dissipate energy as heat.
Ac generator
An AC generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy by rotating a coil within a magnetic field or rotating the magnetic field around a stationary coil. It produces alternating current unlike a DC generator. The main components of an AC generator are the field, armature, prime mover, rotor, and stator. The rotor is driven by the prime mover and either the rotor or stator contains the field coils. Losses in the AC generator occur due to resistance in the armature windings, hysteresis in the iron cores, and mechanical friction from bearings and windage. The efficiency of an AC generator is the ratio of its output power to input power.
Starting method for 3 phase induction motor
The document discusses four common methods for starting 3-phase induction motors: rotor resistance starting for slip-ring motors, and direct-on-line starting, star-delta starting, and autotransformer starting for squirrel-cage motors. Rotor resistance starting allows adjusting the starting torque and current by adding external resistance to the rotor circuit. Direct-on-line starting applies full supply voltage but results in high starting current and moderate starting torque. Star-delta starting and autotransformer starting both initially apply reduced voltage to lower starting current and torque before switching to full voltage.
Synchronous generator
Synchronous generators operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. They have a stationary armature winding and a rotating field winding supplied by a direct current source. It is advantageous to have the field winding on the rotor and armature winding on the stator because it allows for easier insulation of the high voltage winding and direct connection to the load. The frequency of the induced voltage depends on the number of rotor poles and its rotational speed. Armature reaction is the effect of the armature magnetic field on the main rotor field, distorting or strengthening it depending on the load power factor.
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The document discusses transformer ratings, efficiency, and power factor. It explains that transformers are rated in kVA rather than kW because manufacturers do not know the load power factor in advance. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron losses equal copper losses. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power in watts rather than volt-amperes. Low power factor reduces efficiency by decreasing the output power relative to losses. Correcting power factor can help increase efficiency when a transformer is overloaded.
Speed control of dc motors
This document discusses speed control methods for DC motors. It begins by explaining that DC motors can achieve fine speed control through simple methods, which is their main advantage over AC motors. It then describes the three main speed control methods for DC motors as varying the flux, armature resistance, or applied voltage. Subsequent sections provide more details on speed control for shunt motors and series motors, including flux control, armature control, voltage control, and numerical examples. The document is intended to teach speed control of DC motors through lecture notes.
F:\Ac Generator Ppt
Ac Generator Theory talks about how an AC generator works. It also Explains its theory of operation and its main component
DC GENERATOR
Here are the answers to the questions on DC generator characteristics:
1. The external characteristic gives the relation between terminal voltage and load current.
2. The three most important characteristics or curves of a DC generator are: the no-load saturation characteristic (E0/If), internal or total characteristic (E/Ia), and external characteristic (V/I).
3. Critical speed of a shunt generator means the speed for which the given shunt field resistance represents critical resistance.
4. One condition necessary for the build-up of a self-excited shunt generator is that there must be some residual magnetism in the generator poles.
5. Some other factors which affect the voltage building of
AC generator
This document provides information about AC generators. It begins by defining a generator as a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. It then discusses Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which explains how a generator works. The key components of an AC generator are described as the field, armature, and prime mover. The construction and operation of a three-phase synchronous generator is explained, including its stator, rotor, and how speed and frequency relate. Advantages of AC generators include ease of voltage transformation while disadvantages include potential hazards from heat generation.
Alternator
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
Transformer
Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction to change alternating current voltages from one level to another. They have two coils, a primary and secondary, wound around a ferromagnetic core. When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it generates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The ratio of turns between the coils determines the ratio of voltages. Transformers are used widely in power transmission to increase voltages for efficient transfer and then step voltages down for safe distribution and usage. They experience losses from resistance in the coils and hysteresis and eddy currents in the core.
Armature reaction
Armature reaction is the effect of current flowing in the armature windings on the main field flux in a DC machine. It causes two undesirable effects: 1) a reduction in the main field flux per pole, and 2) distortion of the main field flux wave along the air gap. Armature current produces cross-flux that either aids or weakens the main flux depending on its location. This results in a non-uniform flux distribution and a shift in the magnetic neutral axis in the direction of rotation for a generator and against rotation for a motor. It also causes demagnetization due to magnetic saturation, further reducing the main field flux from its no-load value.
Unit 3
This document discusses various methods for measuring electrical quantities like voltage, current and resistance. It begins by describing potentiometers and their use in DC voltage measurements. It then discusses different types of bridges including Wheatstone, Kelvin and Maxwell bridges which are used to measure resistances and impedances. The document also covers topics like electrostatic and electromagnetic interference, grounding techniques and references.
Losses dc machines
1) There are several types of losses that reduce the efficiency of DC machines, including electrical or copper losses, core losses, brush losses, mechanical losses, and stray load losses.
2) Electrical losses include losses from the armature winding resistance, shunt field winding resistance, series field winding resistance, and interpole winding resistance.
3) Core losses are hysteresis and eddy current losses and account for around 20% of full load losses.
4) Brush losses are due to the voltage drop and current at the brush contact with the commutator.
Active, reactive and apparent power
This document defines and compares active power, reactive power, and apparent power in AC circuits. It states that active power is responsible for useful work, is represented by P, and is given by the relation P=VICosθ. Reactive power oscillates between the source and load, does not contribute to useful work, and is represented by Q=VISinθ. Apparent power is represented by S=VI and is equal to the square root of the sum of the squares of active and reactive power.
CAPACITOR START INDUCTION MOTOR
The document summarizes different types of single-phase induction motors. It describes how squirrel cage induction motors work using a stator winding to induce currents in the rotor and how they operate at slightly lower than synchronous speed. It also explains two types of split-phase motors: resistance-start induction-run motors which use winding resistance to generate a starting torque, and capacitor-start induction-run motors which use a capacitor in series with the starting winding to produce a 90 degree phase difference between windings for starting torque.
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What's hot
ac generator
This document discusses the components and operation of an AC generator. It describes the key parts including the field, armature, prime mover, rotor, stator and slip rings. The field and magnetic flux produce voltage in the armature. The rotor is driven by the prime mover and its rotation through the magnetic field induces current in the armature coils. Slip rings allow current to flow in and out of the rotating component. AC generators have advantages over DC generators for applications such as power generation.
Reduction methods of armature reaction in DC machines
Armature reaction is the effect of the magnetic field produced by current in the armature conductors on the main field produced by the generator's poles. This distorts the main field in two ways: by weakening it (demagnetization) and shifting it (cross-magnetization). Several methods are used to reduce the effects of armature reaction, including using laminated pole shoes, compensating windings, and ensuring a strong main field compared to the armature field.
Armature Reaction
This presentation contains animative understanding of Armature reaction,compensating winding and interpoles
Phasor diagram
The document discusses phasor diagrams and equivalent circuits of transformers. It presents phasor diagrams showing the relationship between voltages and currents for transformers under no load, unity power factor load, lagging power factor load, and leading power factor load conditions. It then derives the equivalent circuit models of transformers by representing the transformer components like winding resistances and leakage fluxes as circuit elements. The equivalent circuits are developed with parameters referred to both the primary and secondary sides. Approximate equivalent circuits neglecting the no-load current are also presented.
Braking methods of induction motor
The document discusses various braking methods for induction motors, including regenerative braking, plugging, and different types of dynamic braking. Regenerative braking occurs when the rotor speed exceeds synchronous speed, causing power to flow in the reverse direction. Plugging involves reversing the phase sequence of the supply to change operation from motoring to braking. Dynamic braking disconnects one phase of the supply or connects the motor to a DC supply, causing the motor to act as a generator and dissipate energy as heat.
Ac generator
An AC generator converts mechanical energy to electrical energy by rotating a coil within a magnetic field or rotating the magnetic field around a stationary coil. It produces alternating current unlike a DC generator. The main components of an AC generator are the field, armature, prime mover, rotor, and stator. The rotor is driven by the prime mover and either the rotor or stator contains the field coils. Losses in the AC generator occur due to resistance in the armature windings, hysteresis in the iron cores, and mechanical friction from bearings and windage. The efficiency of an AC generator is the ratio of its output power to input power.
Starting method for 3 phase induction motor
The document discusses four common methods for starting 3-phase induction motors: rotor resistance starting for slip-ring motors, and direct-on-line starting, star-delta starting, and autotransformer starting for squirrel-cage motors. Rotor resistance starting allows adjusting the starting torque and current by adding external resistance to the rotor circuit. Direct-on-line starting applies full supply voltage but results in high starting current and moderate starting torque. Star-delta starting and autotransformer starting both initially apply reduced voltage to lower starting current and torque before switching to full voltage.
Synchronous generator
Synchronous generators operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction. They have a stationary armature winding and a rotating field winding supplied by a direct current source. It is advantageous to have the field winding on the rotor and armature winding on the stator because it allows for easier insulation of the high voltage winding and direct connection to the load. The frequency of the induced voltage depends on the number of rotor poles and its rotational speed. Armature reaction is the effect of the armature magnetic field on the main rotor field, distorting or strengthening it depending on the load power factor.
Transformer Efficiency
The document discusses transformer ratings, efficiency, and power factor. It explains that transformers are rated in kVA rather than kW because manufacturers do not know the load power factor in advance. Maximum efficiency occurs when iron losses equal copper losses. Transformer efficiency is calculated based on output power in watts rather than volt-amperes. Low power factor reduces efficiency by decreasing the output power relative to losses. Correcting power factor can help increase efficiency when a transformer is overloaded.
Speed control of dc motors
This document discusses speed control methods for DC motors. It begins by explaining that DC motors can achieve fine speed control through simple methods, which is their main advantage over AC motors. It then describes the three main speed control methods for DC motors as varying the flux, armature resistance, or applied voltage. Subsequent sections provide more details on speed control for shunt motors and series motors, including flux control, armature control, voltage control, and numerical examples. The document is intended to teach speed control of DC motors through lecture notes.
F:\Ac Generator Ppt
Ac Generator Theory talks about how an AC generator works. It also Explains its theory of operation and its main component
DC GENERATOR
Here are the answers to the questions on DC generator characteristics:
1. The external characteristic gives the relation between terminal voltage and load current.
2. The three most important characteristics or curves of a DC generator are: the no-load saturation characteristic (E0/If), internal or total characteristic (E/Ia), and external characteristic (V/I).
3. Critical speed of a shunt generator means the speed for which the given shunt field resistance represents critical resistance.
4. One condition necessary for the build-up of a self-excited shunt generator is that there must be some residual magnetism in the generator poles.
5. Some other factors which affect the voltage building of
AC generator
This document provides information about AC generators. It begins by defining a generator as a device that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy. It then discusses Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, which explains how a generator works. The key components of an AC generator are described as the field, armature, and prime mover. The construction and operation of a three-phase synchronous generator is explained, including its stator, rotor, and how speed and frequency relate. Advantages of AC generators include ease of voltage transformation while disadvantages include potential hazards from heat generation.
Alternator
An alternator is an electrical generator that converts mechanical energy to electrical energy in the form of alternating current. For reasons of cost and simplicity, most alternators use a rotating magnetic field with a stationary armature. Occasionally, a linear alternator or a rotating armature with a stationary magnetic field is used. In principle, any AC electrical generator can be called an alternator, but usually the term refers to small rotating machines driven by automotive and other internal combustion engines. An alternator that uses a permanent magnet for its magnetic field is called a magneto. Alternators in power stations driven by steam turbines are called turbo-alternators. Large 50 or 60 Hz three phase alternators in power plants generate most of the world's electric power, which is distributed by electric power grids.
Transformer
Transformers work on the principle of mutual induction to change alternating current voltages from one level to another. They have two coils, a primary and secondary, wound around a ferromagnetic core. When an alternating current flows through the primary coil, it generates a changing magnetic field that induces a voltage in the secondary coil. The ratio of turns between the coils determines the ratio of voltages. Transformers are used widely in power transmission to increase voltages for efficient transfer and then step voltages down for safe distribution and usage. They experience losses from resistance in the coils and hysteresis and eddy currents in the core.
Armature reaction
Armature reaction is the effect of current flowing in the armature windings on the main field flux in a DC machine. It causes two undesirable effects: 1) a reduction in the main field flux per pole, and 2) distortion of the main field flux wave along the air gap. Armature current produces cross-flux that either aids or weakens the main flux depending on its location. This results in a non-uniform flux distribution and a shift in the magnetic neutral axis in the direction of rotation for a generator and against rotation for a motor. It also causes demagnetization due to magnetic saturation, further reducing the main field flux from its no-load value.
Unit 3
This document discusses various methods for measuring electrical quantities like voltage, current and resistance. It begins by describing potentiometers and their use in DC voltage measurements. It then discusses different types of bridges including Wheatstone, Kelvin and Maxwell bridges which are used to measure resistances and impedances. The document also covers topics like electrostatic and electromagnetic interference, grounding techniques and references.
Losses dc machines
1) There are several types of losses that reduce the efficiency of DC machines, including electrical or copper losses, core losses, brush losses, mechanical losses, and stray load losses.
2) Electrical losses include losses from the armature winding resistance, shunt field winding resistance, series field winding resistance, and interpole winding resistance.
3) Core losses are hysteresis and eddy current losses and account for around 20% of full load losses.
4) Brush losses are due to the voltage drop and current at the brush contact with the commutator.
Active, reactive and apparent power
This document defines and compares active power, reactive power, and apparent power in AC circuits. It states that active power is responsible for useful work, is represented by P, and is given by the relation P=VICosθ. Reactive power oscillates between the source and load, does not contribute to useful work, and is represented by Q=VISinθ. Apparent power is represented by S=VI and is equal to the square root of the sum of the squares of active and reactive power.
CAPACITOR START INDUCTION MOTOR
The document summarizes different types of single-phase induction motors. It describes how squirrel cage induction motors work using a stator winding to induce currents in the rotor and how they operate at slightly lower than synchronous speed. It also explains two types of split-phase motors: resistance-start induction-run motors which use winding resistance to generate a starting torque, and capacitor-start induction-run motors which use a capacitor in series with the starting winding to produce a 90 degree phase difference between windings for starting torque.
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Reduction methods of armature reaction in DC machines
Reduction methods of armature reaction in DC machines
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AC GENERATOR,GENERATOR presentation
- 3. The electrical device that converts Mechanical energy in to Electrical energy is called AC Generator. This is originally designed by scientist Nikola Tesla.
- 4. Its work on the basic principle of FARADAY’S LAW OF ELECROMAGNETIC INDUCTION. FARADAY’S LAW:- It stated that an emf is inducedin a coil ,when it is rotated in a uniform magnetic field.the emf induced in a conducting coil is equal to the negative of rate of Change of flux.it is written as. ɛ= -NΔɸ/Δt
- 6. CONSTRUCTION OF AC GENERATOR:- The main component of AC generator are, Armature Magnets Slip rings Carbon brushes Coil Rotator
- 7. Armature:- It is a rectangular coil consist of a large number of turns of insulated copper wire. Magnets:- magnets of two poles(North and South pole) are use to produce magnetic field. Slip rings:- The end of the armature is connected to two hollow rings, which are called slip rings. Carbon brushes:- There are two carbon brushes ,they provide contact With the slip rings.
- 8. The brushes are also use to pass the current from the armature to the external power line through the slip rings. WORKING OF AC-GENERATOR:- When ever there is a change in the orientation of the coil, magnetic flux will also change as a result it induces emf In the coil. That is ɛ=vBL sinɵ Where “v” is velocity. “B” is magnetic field . “L” is the length of coil.
- 9. The mathmatical equation for AC Generator is ɛ=ɛ°sinɵ Where as, ɵ=ὠt So, ɛ=ɛ°sinὠʈ And ɛ°=NὠAB
- 10. Where “ɛ” is the induced emf at any instant of time “ɛ°” is the peak value of the induced emf “N” is the the number of turns of the armature coil. “A” is the area of coil. “B” is the intensity of the magnetic field. “ὠ”is the angular frequency of rotation of coil.
- 12. When the plane of the coil is parallel or(the coil is at the angle 0 degree)to the field the emf induced is zero. When the plane of the coil is perpendicular or(the coil is at an angle 90 degree) to the field the emf induced in the coil is maximum in the positive direction. When the plane of the coil is at the angle 180 degree to the field the emf induced in the coil is again becomes zero. When the plane of the coil is at the angle 270 degree to the field the emf induced in the coil is maximum In a negative direction. When the plane of the coil is at the angle of 360 degree to the field the emf induced is again becomes zero.
- 13. AC CURRENT DEPENDS ON:- The amount of current depends on: the speed at which the conductor experiences a changing magnetic field the number of coils that make up the conductor, and the position of the plane of the conductor with respect to the magnetic field.