3. ul forensic analysis for battery failure to identify safety risk and mitigation
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1) The document discusses forensic analysis of battery failures to identify safety risks and mitigations. 2) It outlines UL's battery research division and key projects including root cause analysis of failures, internal short circuit testing, and aging effects on safety. 3) The presentation includes several case studies of battery failures caused by weaknesses in design, quality defects, and abuse, highlighting how forensic analysis can identify contributing factors and support battery safety standard development.
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The worldwide concern with environmental preservation has driven the more rational and efficient use of energy, giving rise to hybrid power systems where more than one power source is usually involved with the presence of energy storage elements such as batteries , supercapacitors and flywheels. Since 2008, hybrid propulsion in ships has been an active field of research. This work presents the identification of hazards carried out in the context of a project to produce a hybrid version, based on Ion-Lithium batteries, of a commercial model of Plataform Supply Vessel (PSV).
ThomasVATTAPPILLIL_MScThesisPres_Sep2015_INPGrenoble
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Electric Vehicles Battery Charging by Estimating SOC using Modified Coulomb C...
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con6437_ev_batteries_16_br_01_04_web
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For a battery powered safety critical system the safe duration of power for executing a specific task is extremely important. It is necessary to avoid unacceptable consequences due
to unwanted battery power failure. An early stage estimation of this duration reduces the overall risk through optimization of
current consumption by switching off noncritical load ahead of delivery of power to a critical load. In order to address this issue, an online battery state of charge estimator on chip is conceived
and implemented using Kalman filter. The Kalman filter estimates the true values of measurements by predicting a value, considering the estimated uncertainty of the predicted value, and then computing a weighted average of the predicted value and the
measured value. The basic idea is more accurate state prediction
is possible when the state predicted value is fused with sensor
prediction under any uncertain disturbance. The state estimator
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experiment was conducted in this regard through discharging the
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tested. The program for prediction was finally emulated in a microcontroller and found satisfactory result.(Abstract)
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- 2. I. UL Battery RD Introduction II. Root Cause(s) of Battery Failure(s) III. Forensic Analysis & Case Study Outline
- 3. Battery RD Center in Taiwan (Since 2005) Linkou, Taoyuan Electrical Test(s) Reverse Engineering Abuse Test(s) New Battery RD Lab launch in 2016
- 4. Key Battery Research Projects ❑ Root Causes Study of Battery Failures by Forensic Analysis ❑ Internal Short-Circuit test and Thermal Runaway Mechanism Study ❑ Study of Battery Behaviors and Gas Emission under Overheating (UL9540A cell level test) ❑ Aging Effects to Battery Safety (UL1974 Evaluation and Repurposing Batteries) ❑ Test Program of Separator (UL2591) ❑ Characterization and Prediction of Battery Behaviors by AI Big Data Technique
- 5. UL 9540A Test Method for Evaluating Thermal Runaway Fire Propagation in Battery Energy Storage Systems PDE Battery & Material RD Team Fire RD Team • Develop overall standard draft structure • Develop high level test requirements • Develop test methods • Propose cell level test method(s) • Provide trial run test data • Cell level test method fine-tune • Define scope • Provide technical insights • Gather suggestions and feedback from industries
- 6. Contributing Factor(s) to Safety in Lithium-ion Batteries (LIBs)
- 7. Effect of Design to LIB Failure
- 8. Case I: Weakness in Winding Design
- 9. Case II: Dilemma – Big Cell or Small Cell? Sample Code Capacity; Ah Loading Density; mg/mm2 Energy Density; Wh/kg Max. Temperature; oC Test result(s) Cell 1 2.682 0.4365 228.0 43.4 Swelling Cell 2 3.703 0.4365 240.0 47.5 Swelling Cell 3 5.236 0.4327 224.4 90.8 Swelling Cell 4 8.243 0.4322 238.2 98.4 Fire NMC Battery: Overcharge Test – 1C constant current until cell fails NMC battery: capacity < 5 Ah NMC battery: capacity > 8 Ah
- 10. Effect of Quality to LIB Failure
- 11. Case III: Defect(s) could be cause by LIB design
- 12. Case IV: Dendrite caused by Quality Defect
- 13. Effect of Use to LIB Failure
- 14. Case V – Abuse can potentially cause ISC Source: X. Feng, et. al.; Energy Storage Materials Volume 10, Jan. 2018, pp246-267 364 (2017) pp328- 340
- 15. Case VI – Aging can cause “Surprising” Failure
- 16. Case VI (cont.)
- 17. #ULis125 #ULis125 ❑ Battery failure(s) is normally caused by multiple contributing factors: Design, Quality and Use Single factor only is not easy to cause LIB failure ❑ Design can decide failure mode and severity; however, Quality can change the likelihood of failure Battery safety should be defined by both Severity and Likelihood of Failure ❑ The tolerance of abuse/aging is normally dominated by battery design and quality Not all batteries will have safety problem under Abuse scenarios ❑ Forensic Analysis can help to analyze root causes of battery safety problem. Build knowledge and develop test methodologies to support battery safety standard development Key Insights
- 18. Thank You!