Standardization aims to achieve optimum order and efficiency through activities that provide repetitive solutions in science, technology and economics, with objectives including reducing costs, improving quality, and increasing productivity. Codification systematically represents items in an industry using abbreviated codes for identification, classification, and organization. Common methods for codification include alphanumeric, numerical, color-based, and classification-based systems that uniquely and concisely identify items for efficient inventory management and procurement.
Codification of materials can also be termed as the identification of materials. This deals with uniquely identifying each item in the inventory. It is a simple concept. For a good quality control system a unique identification is a pre-requisite.
SIM Unit 4
Store management :
Materials handling,
Flow of goods/FIFO,
Computerization of inventory transactions
Security of stores,
Stocking and technical impacts-
shelf life,
wastage,
pilferage
Codification of materials can also be termed as the identification of materials. This deals with uniquely identifying each item in the inventory. It is a simple concept. For a good quality control system a unique identification is a pre-requisite.
SIM Unit 4
Store management :
Materials handling,
Flow of goods/FIFO,
Computerization of inventory transactions
Security of stores,
Stocking and technical impacts-
shelf life,
wastage,
pilferage
ABC analysis (Inventory) Inventory optimization in supply chain, ABC analysis is an inventory categorization method which consists in dividing items into three categories, A, B and C
TYPES OF PURCHASING SYSTEM
WHAT IS A PURCHASING SYSTEM?
FUNCTIONS OF PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
SUBCONTRACTING
TENDER
BLANKET ORDER
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT PURCHASE
PETTY CASH SYSTEM
IMPORTS
E-PURCHASING
ORDER ON TELEPHONE
RATE CONTRACT METHOD
STOCKLESS PURCHASING
ABC analysis (Inventory) Inventory optimization in supply chain, ABC analysis is an inventory categorization method which consists in dividing items into three categories, A, B and C
TYPES OF PURCHASING SYSTEM
WHAT IS A PURCHASING SYSTEM?
FUNCTIONS OF PURCHASE DEPARTMENT
SUBCONTRACTING
TENDER
BLANKET ORDER
CAPITAL EQUIPMENT PURCHASE
PETTY CASH SYSTEM
IMPORTS
E-PURCHASING
ORDER ON TELEPHONE
RATE CONTRACT METHOD
STOCKLESS PURCHASING
Mfa Web Seminar Fasb Accounting Standards Codification Jun 24 2009Michael_Piessens
In June 2009, MFA held a web seminar entitled, "Preparing for FASB Accounting Standards Codification", to help interested parties jump-start the process to the new codification. MFA presenters Michael Piessens and Robert Busch, discussed the purpose, meaning and structure of the codification, highlighted some of its key benefits and explained how to use the codification. The presentation from this event is available via the attached link.
Standardization and codification of equipments in hosptaldrparul6375
Standardization and codification play crucial roles in hospital settings to ensure efficient operations, effective communication, and quality patient care.
Materials management is identified as the code for materials management internationally, not manufacturing, marketing or maintenance.
ADVANTAGES OF CODIFICATION
The warehouse manager can better serve the end user.
Delay time is reduced.
The consumer can unambiguously identify his requirements, through proper nomenclature.
Systematic grouping of similar items is facilitated.
Codification automatically leads to the process of standardization.
Ordering becomes more economical.
Location problems of items in bins, are reduced
Enterprise Labeling for the Automotive IndustryLoftware
When it comes to the automotive industry, enterprise labeling is particularly important. Because of the intricacies and dependencies of this extended supply chain, it’s easy to see how the right enterprise labeling solution has to assume a more mission-critical, strategic role in supporting several requirements including operational efficiency, cost reduction, globalization, traceanility and proiduct recalls.
System Label is a leading European label supplier specialising in self-adhesive labels, decals, membrane switches, overlays, RFID, NFC, EverGlow and point of sale.
Our facility is certified to ISO9001, ISO13485, and is also a UL approved manufacturing facility. We take extreme pride in offering our clients the highest quality product, on-time, with added value and a personalised service.
Our services range from initial design and technical advice, through manufacture to a complete supply management system depending on your needs and requirements.
System Label is a leading European label supplier specialising in self-adhesive labels, decals, membrane switches, overlays, RFID, NFC, EverGlow and point of sale.
Our facility is certified to ISO9001, ISO13485, and is also a UL approved manufacturing facility. We take extreme pride in offering our clients the highest quality product, on-time, with added value and a personalised service.
Our services range from initial design and technical advice, through manufacture to a complete supply management system depending on your needs and requirements.
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Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Online aptitude test management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
The purpose of on-line aptitude test system is to take online test in an efficient manner and no time wasting for checking the paper. The main objective of on-line aptitude test system is to efficiently evaluate the candidate thoroughly through a fully automated system that not only saves lot of time but also gives fast results. For students they give papers according to their convenience and time and there is no need of using extra thing like paper, pen etc. This can be used in educational institutions as well as in corporate world. Can be used anywhere any time as it is a web based application (user Location doesn’t matter). No restriction that examiner has to be present when the candidate takes the test.
Every time when lecturers/professors need to conduct examinations they have to sit down think about the questions and then create a whole new set of questions for each and every exam. In some cases the professor may want to give an open book online exam that is the student can take the exam any time anywhere, but the student might have to answer the questions in a limited time period. The professor may want to change the sequence of questions for every student. The problem that a student has is whenever a date for the exam is declared the student has to take it and there is no way he can take it at some other time. This project will create an interface for the examiner to create and store questions in a repository. It will also create an interface for the student to take examinations at his convenience and the questions and/or exams may be timed. Thereby creating an application which can be used by examiners and examinee’s simultaneously.
Examination System is very useful for Teachers/Professors. As in the teaching profession, you are responsible for writing question papers. In the conventional method, you write the question paper on paper, keep question papers separate from answers and all this information you have to keep in a locker to avoid unauthorized access. Using the Examination System you can create a question paper and everything will be written to a single exam file in encrypted format. You can set the General and Administrator password to avoid unauthorized access to your question paper. Every time you start the examination, the program shuffles all the questions and selects them randomly from the database, which reduces the chances of memorizing the questions.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniquesambekarshweta25
An Approach to Detecting Writing Styles Based on Clustering Techniques
Authors:
-Devkinandan Jagtap
-Shweta Ambekar
-Harshit Singh
-Nakul Sharma (Assistant Professor)
Institution:
VIIT Pune, India
Abstract:
This paper proposes a system to differentiate between human-generated and AI-generated texts using stylometric analysis. The system analyzes text files and classifies writing styles by employing various clustering algorithms, such as k-means, k-means++, hierarchical, and DBSCAN. The effectiveness of these algorithms is measured using silhouette scores. The system successfully identifies distinct writing styles within documents, demonstrating its potential for plagiarism detection.
Introduction:
Stylometry, the study of linguistic and structural features in texts, is used for tasks like plagiarism detection, genre separation, and author verification. This paper leverages stylometric analysis to identify different writing styles and improve plagiarism detection methods.
Methodology:
The system includes data collection, preprocessing, feature extraction, dimensional reduction, machine learning models for clustering, and performance comparison using silhouette scores. Feature extraction focuses on lexical features, vocabulary richness, and readability scores. The study uses a small dataset of texts from various authors and employs algorithms like k-means, k-means++, hierarchical clustering, and DBSCAN for clustering.
Results:
Experiments show that the system effectively identifies writing styles, with silhouette scores indicating reasonable to strong clustering when k=2. As the number of clusters increases, the silhouette scores decrease, indicating a drop in accuracy. K-means and k-means++ perform similarly, while hierarchical clustering is less optimized.
Conclusion and Future Work:
The system works well for distinguishing writing styles with two clusters but becomes less accurate as the number of clusters increases. Future research could focus on adding more parameters and optimizing the methodology to improve accuracy with higher cluster values. This system can enhance existing plagiarism detection tools, especially in academic settings.
Sachpazis:Terzaghi Bearing Capacity Estimation in simple terms with Calculati...Dr.Costas Sachpazis
Terzaghi's soil bearing capacity theory, developed by Karl Terzaghi, is a fundamental principle in geotechnical engineering used to determine the bearing capacity of shallow foundations. This theory provides a method to calculate the ultimate bearing capacity of soil, which is the maximum load per unit area that the soil can support without undergoing shear failure. The Calculation HTML Code included.
NUMERICAL SIMULATIONS OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CONDENSING HEAT EXCHANGERS...ssuser7dcef0
Power plants release a large amount of water vapor into the
atmosphere through the stack. The flue gas can be a potential
source for obtaining much needed cooling water for a power
plant. If a power plant could recover and reuse a portion of this
moisture, it could reduce its total cooling water intake
requirement. One of the most practical way to recover water
from flue gas is to use a condensing heat exchanger. The power
plant could also recover latent heat due to condensation as well
as sensible heat due to lowering the flue gas exit temperature.
Additionally, harmful acids released from the stack can be
reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation. reduced in a condensing heat exchanger by acid condensation.
Condensation of vapors in flue gas is a complicated
phenomenon since heat and mass transfer of water vapor and
various acids simultaneously occur in the presence of noncondensable
gases such as nitrogen and oxygen. Design of a
condenser depends on the knowledge and understanding of the
heat and mass transfer processes. A computer program for
numerical simulations of water (H2O) and sulfuric acid (H2SO4)
condensation in a flue gas condensing heat exchanger was
developed using MATLAB. Governing equations based on
mass and energy balances for the system were derived to
predict variables such as flue gas exit temperature, cooling
water outlet temperature, mole fraction and condensation rates
of water and sulfuric acid vapors. The equations were solved
using an iterative solution technique with calculations of heat
and mass transfer coefficients and physical properties.
3. Standardization (Seiketsu)
“Standardization is an activity
giving solution to repetitive
application essentially in the sphere
of science, technology and
economics. aim at the achievement
of the optimum degree of order in a
given context.
- ISO
4. What to standardize?
Usually starts with a core product as the
foundation.
Various features are added, these may differ
according to the country market.
100% standardization is rare.
5. Objective of Standardization
To achieve maximum overall economy. this may be
in terms of cost, human effort, construction of
essential material and judicious choice of raw
material.
Reduction in materials cost, reduction of storage and
inventory.
Improvement in quality.
6. Continued…
Availability of standardized materials,
reduction in the cost of maintenance and
services.
Elimination of wastes and scrap.
Achieving higher productivity and higher
profit.
12. Product standards
For product standards the benefits may
be broadly summarized under the
headings variety reduction,
interchangeability, and availability:
variety reduction
Interchangeability
Availability
13. Types of standard
Company individual standards
National standards
International standards
14. For international and national
standards
Uniform terminology is created
Sizes and dimensions are co-ordinated and
adapted
Variety is reduced
Function requirements and characteristics are
specified
Unambiguous testing methods are established
15. Advantages of standardization
Cost reduction
Improved quality(reliability)
Global customers(mobility)
Centralized R & D
19. Definitions
Codification in an industry is the systematic concise
representation of equipment, raw materials, tools,
spares, supplies etc.In an abbreviated form employing
alphabets, numerals, colours, symbols etc.
21. Stages of Scientific
Codification
Identification – to know the type of
material in detail
Classification – description, nature, source
or origin.
Codification – as per the requirement and
the system
22. Characteristics of Codes
Code should be simple.
Code should be unique.
Coding should be compact, concise and consistent.
Code should be sufficiently flexible to meet future
demands
23. Objectives of Codification
Accurate and logical identification
Prevention of duplication
Standardisation and reduction of varieties
Efficient purchasing
Easy computerization
24. TYPES OF CODES
Alphabetical
Eg: Sulphuric acid~AC-SU
Numerical
Eg: Pan number, Pin code
Alpha-numerical
Eg: Vehicleno MH 02 BF 5462
Color code
Eg: privatevehicle-whitenumber plates
Commercial vehicles-yellow number plates
25. Basic System
Arbitrary system
Numerical system
Mnemonic system or alpha numeric
system
Decimal
Frisch system
Kodak system
26. Arbitrary system
As the name suggests ,this approach does not use any design for
codification. Rather , as and when an item is received by stores in its
receiving bay, a running and unique serial number is assigned to it.
This number becomes the code of the item for subsequent use at
different stages. While this system is the easiest one to use, it does
not help in scientific management of inventory
Arbitrary approach is useable only where perhaps items are non-
repetitive and the inventory management need not be scientific.
27. Numerical system
Here it uses some set of numerical
Also known as intelligent code system
Eg. 2 145 098 344
2 145 098 344
Class Sub-class Running-number Location-code
28. Frisch System
Concieved by Mr. E. G. Frisch with J. Gombinski.
Divides all facets of organisation into number of main
categories according to nature of requirements.
The first block gives major classification e.g packing,
raw materials etc.
29. Frisch System
The second block gives next level of classification based
on the type of materials.
The third block gives the lowest level of classification
normally the specifications.
30. Originated by Eastman Kodak Company.
Based on numerical system of codification and
combines all good other points.
The system employs ten digit codes.
The Materials are classified according to Purchase
categorisation rather than their nature.
Divided into few broad classification called Basic
Classification.
Kodak System
31. Kodak System
The basic classification is restricted to
100.
Each class is then further divided into sub
classes.
Eg – 40(cutting tools)0(drills)
Each sub class is again further sub divided
Eg – 400-00
32. Colour Coding
Here colours are used to identify the content.
Generally is used for pipelines, raw materials,
lubricants etc.
33. Advantages
Provides absolute clarity to the supplier as to what is required by the
buyer without knowing the technical details.
Eleminates need to create company‘s specifications.
It automatically leads to standardization.
Allows accurate comparison of quotes.
Variety reduction
Allows buying from more than one manufacturer.
Communication between different department is improved.
34. Continued…
Reduces inspection and quality costs.
Ensures interchangability of parts.
Routinises procurement efforts and reduces clerical
work.
Reduces procurement lead time.
35.
36. Can I have Query please?Can I have Query please?
Editor's Notes
Brisch System
The Brisch system consist of seven digits applied in three stages. The items are grouped into suitable preliminary categories, such as assemblies, sub-assemblies,components and off the shelf items. After these preliminary categories, items are grouped within the respective class in order to bring similar items together. The Brisch system through it consists only of seven digits, is quite comprehensive as the basis is on logical major groupings.
Kodak System
The Kodak system consists of 10 digits of numerical code. The logic of major grouping is based on sources of supply. All materials are divided into 100 basic classifications, contributed only by procurement considerations. For instance, a bolt is listed as hardware item if this is listed in hardware catalogues and available with hardware suppliers. If this bolt is available as a part of the machine, it will be available under maintenance.