Flap Design for Minor Oral Surgery
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The document discusses principles of flap design for minor oral surgery. It describes different types of flaps including envelope, three-corner, four-corner, semilunar, Y-incision, and pedicle flaps. Key considerations for flap design include ensuring an adequate blood supply to the base of the flap, minimizing tension on the flap, and avoiding injury to local structures like nerves and arteries. Complications of improper flap design can include flap necrosis, dehiscence, and tearing.
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Periodontal Flap Surgery
This document provides information about flap surgery procedures in periodontics. It discusses the purposes of flap surgery, which include gaining access to deeper periodontal structures, relocating the frenulum, maintaining attached tissue, and eliminating pockets. It outlines the indications for flap surgery as well as contraindications. It then describes principles of flap design such as base width and length, blood supply, and avoiding tension. Different types of flaps and incisions are presented, along with techniques for suturing flaps. The document provides an overview of flap surgery procedures in periodontics.
Flap Design for Minor Oral Surgery
This document discusses principles of incisions and flap design for minor oral surgery. It describes five basic principles of incisions, including using a sharp blade, making firm continuous strokes, avoiding cutting vital structures, holding the blade perpendicular to epithelial surfaces, and properly placing incisions. It also outlines various types of mucoperiosteal flaps like envelope, three-corner, four-corner, semilunar, Y-incision, and pedicle flaps. Complications of flap design like necrosis, dehiscence, tearing, and injury are addressed. Considerations for flap design include ensuring an adequate blood supply, avoiding tension, and not crossing bony prominences.
transalveolarextraction-141216013606-conversion-gate01 (1)-converted.pptx
This document discusses the process of trans alveolar extraction, which involves raising a soft tissue flap, removing bone, and sectioning tooth roots to remove teeth. It identifies factors that can complicate extractions like root morphology, adjacent structures, and bone density. The principles of flap design, bone removal, tooth sectioning, and wound closure are covered. Techniques for single-rooted and multi-rooted extractions are described along with potential mistakes to avoid.
transalveolarextraction-141216013606-conversion-gate01 (1)-converted.pptx
This document discusses the process of trans alveolar extraction, which involves raising a soft tissue flap, removing bone, and sectioning tooth roots to remove teeth. It identifies factors that can complicate extractions like root morphology, adjacent structures, and bone density. The principles of flap design, bone removal, tooth sectioning, and wound closure are described. Techniques for single-rooted and multi-rooted extractions are explained, including the use of forceps, burs, and placement of purchase points. Potential mistakes in surgical extractions are also noted.
Endodontic surgeries /orthodontics courses
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Periodontal Flap Surgery_060425.ppt
Periodontal flap surgery involves making incisions to access deeper areas, raise tissue flaps, remove disease, and close the area. Key aspects include:
- Incisions are made to raise mucoperiosteal flaps and access the underlying bone and roots to remove disease.
- Flaps can be repositioned to eliminate pockets and regenerate tissues. Various flap designs exist depending on the location and extent of disease.
- Instruments include scalpels, elevators, files and forceps. Care must be taken to preserve the blood supply and avoid tearing or tension on the flaps.
- Sutures are placed to close the area and stabilize regenerated tissues as they heal.
Obturators
1. The document discusses the rehabilitation of maxillary defects through obturator prostheses. It covers the classification of maxillary defects, design principles for different defect classes, and considerations for impression making and prosthetic rehabilitation.
2. Key objectives of obturator design include adequate support, retention, and stability to restore functions like feeding, speech, and aesthetics.
3. Preoperative planning involves dental management to preserve teeth near the defect, as well as suggestions to surgeons to maintain alveolar processes and avoid interproximal cuts between teeth.
apicoectomy
This document provides information on the surgical procedure of apicoectomy. It begins by defining apicoectomy as the surgical resection and removal of the root tip along with pathological tissues. It then lists indications for the procedure such as teeth with active periapical inflammation despite satisfactory endodontic therapy. The document describes the surgical technique which includes flap design, exposing the apex, resection of the apex, and potentially retrograde filling. It provides details on instruments used and cautions to take such as ensuring the resection is at a right angle to reduce apical leakage.
endodontic surgery and its current concepts
This document provides an overview of endodontic surgery and its concepts. It discusses the history and evolution of endodontic surgery techniques. It also covers indications for endodontic surgery, classifications of different surgical procedures, and considerations for pre-surgical treatment planning. Key surgical steps like flap design, osteotomy, and root-end resection are summarized.
Lateral pedical graft
Lateral pedicle graft is a surgical technique used to increase attached gingiva around teeth affected by recession. It involves raising a partial-thickness flap of tissue from an adjacent donor site and rotating it to cover the exposed root surface. The pedicle flap provides good vascularization and ability to cover denuded roots. However, it is limited to one or two teeth and carries risks of recession at the donor site. Key steps include preparing the recipient and donor sites, outlining incisions, raising and positioning the pedicle flap, and suturing to cover the exposed root.
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OVERDENTURE department of prosthodontics.pdf
Overdentures are a useful treatment option in many clinical situations. A simple complete lower overdenture which encloses the roots of two root-treated canines has been shown above (Fig. 12.51). Cases can be more complicated than this. The reduction in the crowns of the teeth may have occurred due to tooth wear from a combination of erosion and attrition. In the elderly, where such tooth reduction has occurred, root canal treatment may not be necessary. The removal of the roots will not benefit the patient and the overdenture is the best form of treatment.
Less common situations, such as partial anodontia, cleft palate or loss of tooth crown substance in dentinogenesis imperfecta, may also require restoration using overdentures. The distinction between an onlay and an overdenture is not clear-cut and a potentially difficult partial denture treatment, such as the restoration of a free end saddle, may be helped by the coverage of a canine or molar tooth with a reduced crown rather than a more involved crown restoration.
In the case illustrated in Figure 12.53, an elderly patient has severe tooth surface loss. The aetiology of this wear must be diagnosed before treatment is commenced. For instance, is this wear a result of parafunction or erosion from the consumption of acidic drinks? The remaining dentition has been restored and a definitive overdenture placed.
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This document discusses surgical removal of teeth and roots. It provides indications for surgical removal such as teeth that resist forceps extraction, brittle teeth, impacted teeth, and teeth requiring extensive bone removal. The principles of transalveolar extraction are outlined, including radiographic examination, accessing the field through a mucoperiosteal flap, reducing resistance through bone removal and/or tooth sectioning, removing tooth structure using elevators, debridement, and closure. Specific techniques are described for creating flaps, reducing bone, sectioning teeth, and using various elevators, burs, chisels, and rongeurs to carefully and safely remove impacted or embedded teeth and roots.
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Interceptive orthodontics refers to early orthodontic treatment during mixed dentition to guide proper development of the dentition. Common procedures include serial extraction to relieve crowding, correction of developing crossbites, and control of abnormal habits like thumb sucking. Early intervention is beneficial as it is simpler and more stable than later treatment, prevents worsening of issues, and offers psychological benefits to children. The optimal age for screening and interceptive treatment is around 9-11 years old.
The socket shield technique at molar sites
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This document discusses impacted and unerupted maxillary incisors. It provides information on prevalence, causes such as supernumerary teeth or odontomes, and classifications of delayed eruption. For management, it recommends examining patient history, radiographs, and surgical exposure techniques. Surgical exposure can be open, involve an apically repositioned flap, or use a closed eruption procedure. Factors like position, angulation, and amount of attached gingiva determine the best exposure technique. Orthodontic treatment may involve space creation, surgical exposure with orthodontic alignment, or tooth removal and space management. Complications of orthodontic treatment include relapse, non-compliance, root resorption,
Overdenture
An overdenture is a removable dental prosthesis that covers and rests on one or more remaining natural teeth, tooth roots, or dental implants. Overdentures help preserve remaining alveolar bone and maintain vertical dimension of occlusion. They provide better retention, stability, and proprioception compared to conventional dentures. Overdentures can be tooth-supported, implant-supported, or a combination of both. They require meticulous oral hygiene to prevent caries and periodontal disease.
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The document discusses surgical removal of teeth and principles of dentoalveolar surgery. It describes how surgical extraction involves flap elevation and bone removal to access teeth. Common indications for surgery include impacted teeth, teeth with unusual root morphology, or roots embedded in the maxillary sinus. The document outlines principles for adequate access, flap design, and incision technique to minimize trauma and ensure proper healing. Key steps in tooth removal are reducing resistance, debridement, and closure followed by post-operative care.
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This document discusses procedural accidents that can occur during endodontic treatment, including definitions, classifications, causes, prevention, and treatment. Some key accidents covered include access cavity perforations, ledge formation, artificial canal creation, root perforations, separated instruments, and irrigant extrusion. The importance of gaining proper straight line access is emphasized to help prevent many procedural errors. Treatment depends on the specific accident but may involve repair with materials like MTA, bypassing the area, or sometimes surgical intervention. Prognosis varies by case and factors like size, location and timing of the accident. Vigilance, proper technique, and knowledge of tooth anatomy are stressed to minimize endodontic mishaps.
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Surgical procedures done alongside orthodontic treatment are called surgical orthodontics. They are performed to address issues like impacted teeth, dentofacial abnormalities, or when orthodontics alone cannot fully correct a problem. Surgical orthodontic procedures are classified as minor (e.g. extractions, frenectomies) or major (e.g. orthognathic surgery). Minor procedures are often an integral part of orthodontic treatment, while major procedures aim to treat severe malocclusions. Close coordination between the orthodontist and oral surgeon is important for successful treatment.
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The modified papilla preservation technique aims to improve primary closure and membrane coverage in interproximal regenerative procedures by carefully preserving the papilla during incisions, coronally positioning the buccal flap, and using the papilla to cover an implanted membrane. In a study of 15 patients, this technique achieved primary closure in 93% of cases and maintained membrane coverage in 73% of cases until membrane removal at 6 weeks.
Conventional Papilla Preservation Technique
This document describes the flap technique for periodontal bone implants. The technique involves:
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2) Reflection of a full-thickness flap on both facial and lingual sides to expose the bone defect while preserving more than 2mm of the interdental papilla.
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Gingivectomy is a surgical procedure that removes gingival pockets by eliminating excess gingiva. It has limited indications for conditions like gingival enlargement or shallow pockets. The procedure involves making continuous incisions at the base of pockets and removing tissue. Disadvantages include pain, healing by secondary intention, and risk of exposing bone. Instruments used include specialized knives and marking forceps. The area is dressed post-operatively to aid healing. Drug-induced gingival overgrowth can also be treated with gingivectomy.
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Crown lengthening therapy aims to expose more tooth structure for restorative or aesthetic purposes. A 2010 review summarizes key aspects of the procedure, including maintaining at least 3mm of biological width and 1.5mm of ferrule length for improved force distribution and reduced attachment loss. Soft and hard tissue management is also discussed. Osseous resection may take 3-6 months to establish biological width, so impressions and final preparations should wait at least 6 months to allow for stable tissue healing.
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Flap Design for Minor Oral Surgery
- 1. Flap Design for Minor Oral Surgery Presenter: R1 鄭瑋之 Instructor: VS 陳靜容醫師 2012/2/24
- 7. Principles of Flap Design B. Flap Dehiscence
- 11. Principles of Flap Design Summary
- 13. Types of Mucoperiosteal Flaps Edentulous: at the crest of the ridge removal of a mandibular torus 2 teeth anterior 1 tooth posterior 1. Envelope/Sulcular flap
- 19. Examples
- 20. Examples
- 22. Thanks for your attention!