This document discusses voltage and current sources. It defines voltage as potential difference between two points in an electrical field and current as the flow of electric charge. Energy sources are categorized as either voltage sources or current sources. Voltage sources produce an electromotive force that causes current to flow independently of current. Current sources have infinite output resistance so current flow is independent of voltage. Ohm's law relates voltage, current, and resistance. Resistors oppose current flow. Kirchhoff's laws state that the sum of currents at a node is zero and the sum of voltages around a loop is zero.

1. VOLTAGE and CURRENT Source
BY
Ketan Nayak -140413117005
Nirmalsinh Gohil-140413117003

2. INDEX
 INTRODUCTION
 CURRENT
 VOLTAGE
 Energy Sources
 Voltage Source
-Different Voltage Source
-Facts About Voltage Source
 Current Source

3.  Current and Voltage Relation (OHM’s Law)
 Resistors
 Laws of Current
 Laws of Voltage

4. Introduction
 Current and Voltage Source is the Basic
Components of the Electronic Circuit.
 Current and Voltage is Most Essential Factor
for the Operation of any Circuit.
 Before Knowing about the Current and
Voltage Source we must know about the
Voltage and Current.

5. CURRENT
 Current is Defined as the Flow of the
Electric Charge..
 Current is Basically Denoted by Symbol I.
 The Unit for the Current is A or ampere.
 SI Unit of Current is Coulomb/Second
 Measuring Element used for Current is
Ammeter.

6. VOLTAGE
 Voltage is a Potential Difference between
Two Points of an Electrical Field.
 It is Denoted by Symbol V
 The Unit for Measurement of Voltage is
Volts.
 SI Unit for Voltage is Joule/Coulomb
 Measuring Element for Voltage is Voltmeter.

7. Energy Sources
 According to the Terminal Voltage-Current
Characteristics, Electrical energy Sources
are Categorized into two Parts.
1. Voltage Source
2. Current Source

8. VOLTAGE SOURCE
 The Voltage Source is a Two Terminal
Element in which the Voltage is completely
independent of the Current.
 The Representation of Voltage Source is
Done by the Fig Shown Above.

9. Different Voltage Sources

10. Facts about Voltage Source
 A Voltage source produces an Electromotive Force
(e.m.f.) which causes a current to flow within a circuit
 Unit of e.m.f. is the volt
 a volt is the potential difference between two points
when a joule of energy is used to move one coulomb of
charge from one point to the other
 Real voltage sources, such as batteries have resistance
associated with them
 In analysing circuits we use Ideal Voltage sources
 we also use controlled or dependent Voltage
sources

11. Current Source
 We also sometimes use the concept of
an Ideal Current Source
 Unrealizable, but useful in circuit analysis
 can be a fixed current source, or a Controlled
or Dependent current source
 While an ideal voltage source has zero output
resistance, an ideal current source has infinite
output resistance.

12. OHM’s Law
 The Relationship between Voltage and
Current is Given by OHM’s Law.
 Constant of Proportionality is Resistance R
Hence
 Current through a Resistor causes power
dissipation
IV 
IRV 
R
VI 
I
V
R 
IVP 
R
V
P
2
 RIP 2

13. Resistors
 The Components used to Oppose the Flow
of Current through it is Called Resistor.
 And the Property of a Material to Oppose
Current is called Resistance.

14. Law of Current
 At any instant, the algebraic sum of all the
currents flowing into any node in a circuit is
zero
 If currents flowing into the node are positive,
currents flowing out of the node are negative,
then 0I

15. Law of Voltage
 At any instant the algebraic sum of all the
voltages around any loop in a circuit is zero
 If clockwise voltage arrows are positive and
anticlockwise arrows are negative then 0V

16. Thank You