This document defines basic electrical concepts and components. It aims to explain electricity, current, voltage, resistance, Ohm's law, and the differences between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC). Key points covered include the basic particles that make up electric charge, the three classifications of materials as conductors, insulators or semiconductors, circuit diagrams, and formulas for power, current, voltage and resistance.
This is an introductory lecture on electrical services in buildings. This module deals with basic terminologies and formulae covered in school level physics. This is a brief recapitulation.
Vskills certified it support professional reading materialVskills
Vskills IT Support Professional Sample reading material covers the following concepts.
1. Electronics basics
1.1 Electricity versus Electronics
1.2 Electricity Basics
1.3 Analog electronics
1.4 Digital electronics
Get complete e-book
http://www.vskills.in/certification/information-technology/certified-it-support-professional
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
This is an introductory lecture on electrical services in buildings. This module deals with basic terminologies and formulae covered in school level physics. This is a brief recapitulation.
Vskills certified it support professional reading materialVskills
Vskills IT Support Professional Sample reading material covers the following concepts.
1. Electronics basics
1.1 Electricity versus Electronics
1.2 Electricity Basics
1.3 Analog electronics
1.4 Digital electronics
Get complete e-book
http://www.vskills.in/certification/information-technology/certified-it-support-professional
Vaccine management system project report documentation..pdfKamal Acharya
The Division of Vaccine and Immunization is facing increasing difficulty monitoring vaccines and other commodities distribution once they have been distributed from the national stores. With the introduction of new vaccines, more challenges have been anticipated with this additions posing serious threat to the already over strained vaccine supply chain system in Kenya.
Immunizing Image Classifiers Against Localized Adversary Attacksgerogepatton
This paper addresses the vulnerability of deep learning models, particularly convolutional neural networks
(CNN)s, to adversarial attacks and presents a proactive training technique designed to counter them. We
introduce a novel volumization algorithm, which transforms 2D images into 3D volumetric representations.
When combined with 3D convolution and deep curriculum learning optimization (CLO), itsignificantly improves
the immunity of models against localized universal attacks by up to 40%. We evaluate our proposed approach
using contemporary CNN architectures and the modified Canadian Institute for Advanced Research (CIFAR-10
and CIFAR-100) and ImageNet Large Scale Visual Recognition Challenge (ILSVRC12) datasets, showcasing
accuracy improvements over previous techniques. The results indicate that the combination of the volumetric
input and curriculum learning holds significant promise for mitigating adversarial attacks without necessitating
adversary training.
Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
NO1 Uk best vashikaran specialist in delhi vashikaran baba near me online vas...Amil Baba Dawood bangali
Contact with Dawood Bhai Just call on +92322-6382012 and we'll help you. We'll solve all your problems within 12 to 24 hours and with 101% guarantee and with astrology systematic. If you want to take any personal or professional advice then also you can call us on +92322-6382012 , ONLINE LOVE PROBLEM & Other all types of Daily Life Problem's.Then CALL or WHATSAPP us on +92322-6382012 and Get all these problems solutions here by Amil Baba DAWOOD BANGALI
#vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore#blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #blackmagicforlove #blackmagicformarriage #aamilbaba #kalajadu #kalailam #taweez #wazifaexpert #jadumantar #vashikaranspecialist #astrologer #palmistry #amliyaat #taweez #manpasandshadi #horoscope #spiritual #lovelife #lovespell #marriagespell#aamilbabainpakistan #amilbabainkarachi #powerfullblackmagicspell #kalajadumantarspecialist #realamilbaba #AmilbabainPakistan #astrologerincanada #astrologerindubai #lovespellsmaster #kalajaduspecialist #lovespellsthatwork #aamilbabainlahore #Amilbabainuk #amilbabainspain #amilbabaindubai #Amilbabainnorway #amilbabainkrachi #amilbabainlahore #amilbabaingujranwalan #amilbabainislamabad
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
Automobile Management System Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
The proposed project is developed to manage the automobile in the automobile dealer company. The main module in this project is login, automobile management, customer management, sales, complaints and reports. The first module is the login. The automobile showroom owner should login to the project for usage. The username and password are verified and if it is correct, next form opens. If the username and password are not correct, it shows the error message.
When a customer search for a automobile, if the automobile is available, they will be taken to a page that shows the details of the automobile including automobile name, automobile ID, quantity, price etc. “Automobile Management System” is useful for maintaining automobiles, customers effectively and hence helps for establishing good relation between customer and automobile organization. It contains various customized modules for effectively maintaining automobiles and stock information accurately and safely.
When the automobile is sold to the customer, stock will be reduced automatically. When a new purchase is made, stock will be increased automatically. While selecting automobiles for sale, the proposed software will automatically check for total number of available stock of that particular item, if the total stock of that particular item is less than 5, software will notify the user to purchase the particular item.
Also when the user tries to sale items which are not in stock, the system will prompt the user that the stock is not enough. Customers of this system can search for a automobile; can purchase a automobile easily by selecting fast. On the other hand the stock of automobiles can be maintained perfectly by the automobile shop manager overcoming the drawbacks of existing system.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Event Management System Vb Net Project Report.pdfKamal Acharya
In present era, the scopes of information technology growing with a very fast .We do not see any are untouched from this industry. The scope of information technology has become wider includes: Business and industry. Household Business, Communication, Education, Entertainment, Science, Medicine, Engineering, Distance Learning, Weather Forecasting. Carrier Searching and so on.
My project named “Event Management System” is software that store and maintained all events coordinated in college. It also helpful to print related reports. My project will help to record the events coordinated by faculties with their Name, Event subject, date & details in an efficient & effective ways.
In my system we have to make a system by which a user can record all events coordinated by a particular faculty. In our proposed system some more featured are added which differs it from the existing system such as security.
Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
Quality defects in TMT Bars, Possible causes and Potential Solutions.PrashantGoswami42
Maintaining high-quality standards in the production of TMT bars is crucial for ensuring structural integrity in construction. Addressing common defects through careful monitoring, standardized processes, and advanced technology can significantly improve the quality of TMT bars. Continuous training and adherence to quality control measures will also play a pivotal role in minimizing these defects.
COLLEGE BUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM PROJECT REPORT.pdfKamal Acharya
The College Bus Management system is completely developed by Visual Basic .NET Version. The application is connect with most secured database language MS SQL Server. The application is develop by using best combination of front-end and back-end languages. The application is totally design like flat user interface. This flat user interface is more attractive user interface in 2017. The application is gives more important to the system functionality. The application is to manage the student’s details, driver’s details, bus details, bus route details, bus fees details and more. The application has only one unit for admin. The admin can manage the entire application. The admin can login into the application by using username and password of the admin. The application is develop for big and small colleges. It is more user friendly for non-computer person. Even they can easily learn how to manage the application within hours. The application is more secure by the admin. The system will give an effective output for the VB.Net and SQL Server given as input to the system. The compiled java program given as input to the system, after scanning the program will generate different reports. The application generates the report for users. The admin can view and download the report of the data. The application deliver the excel format reports. Because, excel formatted reports is very easy to understand the income and expense of the college bus. This application is mainly develop for windows operating system users. In 2017, 73% of people enterprises are using windows operating system. So the application will easily install for all the windows operating system users. The application-developed size is very low. The application consumes very low space in disk. Therefore, the user can allocate very minimum local disk space for this application.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
1. Objectives
•Define basic components of electricity
•Recognize the 3 electrical classifications of
materials
•Compare and contrast AC vs. DC
•Explain the concept of grounding
•Use Ohm’s law and Watt’s law to express
the relationship between current, voltage, and
resistance
Basic Electronics I
2. Electricity can be broken
down into:
Electric Charge
Voltage
Current
Resistance
3. Negative & Positive Charges
What do the effects of electricity in TV,
radio, a battery, and lightening all have in
common?
Basic particles of electric charge with
opposite polarities.
4. Electrons
The smallest amount of electrical charge
having the quality called negative polarity.
Electrons orbit the center of atoms.
5. Protons
The proton is a basic particle with positive
polarity.
Protons are located in the nucleus of
atoms along with neutrons, particles which
have neutral polarity.
8. Conductors
Have 1 valence electron
Materials in which electrons can move
freely from atom to atom are called
conductors.
In general all metals are good conductors.
The purpose of conductors is to allow
electrical current to flow with minimum
resistance.
9. Insulators
Have 8 valence electrons
Materials in which electrons tend to stay put and
do not flow easily from atom to atom are termed
insulators.
Insulators are used to prevent the flow of
electricity.
Insulating materials such as glass, rubber, or
plastic are also called dielectrics, meaning they
can store charges.
Dielectric materials are used in components like
capacitors which must store electric charges.
10. Semi-Conductors
Have 4 valence electrons
Materials which are neither conductors nor
insulators
Common semi conductor materials are carbon,
germanium and silicone.
Used in components like transistors
11. The Symbol for Charge
The symbol for charge is Q which stands
for quantity.
The practical unit of charge is called the
coulomb (C).
One coulomb is equal to the amount of
charge of 6.25X1018 electrons or protons
stored in a dielectric.
12. Voltage
Potential refers to the the possibility of doing
work.
Any charge has the potential to do the work of
attracting a similar charge or repulsing an
opposite charge.
The symbol for potential difference is E (for
electromotive force)
The practical unit of potential difference is the
volt (V)
1 volt is a measure of the amount of work
required to move 1C of charge
13. Current
When a charge is forced to move because
of a potential difference (voltage) current is
produced.
In conductors - free electrons can be
forced to move with relative ease, since
they require little work to be moved.
So current is charge in motion.
The more electrons in motion the greater
the current.
14. Amperes
Current indicates the intensity of the electricity in
motion. The symbol for current is I (for intensity)
and is measured in amperes.
The definition of current is: I = Q/T
Where I is current in amperes, Q is charge in
coulombs, and T is time in seconds.
16. Resistance
Opposition to the flow of current is termed
resistance.
The fact that a wire can become hot from
the flow of current is evidence of
resistance.
Conductors have very little resistance.
Insulators have large amounts of
resistance.
17. Ohms
The practical unit of resistance is the
ohm designated by the Greek letter
omega: Ω
A resistor is an electronic component
designed specifically to provide
resistance.
18. Closed Circuits
In applications requiring the use of current,
electrical components are arranged in the
form of a circuit.
A circuit is defined as a path for current
flow.
22. The Circuit is a Load on the
Voltage Source
The circuit is where the energy of the
source (battery) is carried by means of the
current through the the various
components.
The battery is the source, since it
provides the potential energy to be used.
The circuit components are the load
resistance - they determines how much
current the source will produce.
23. Direction of Electron Flow
The direction of electron flow in our circuit
is from the negative side of the battery,
through the load resistance, back to the
positive side of the battery.
Inside the battery, electrons move to the
negative terminal due to chemical action,
maintaining the potential across the leads.
25. DC
Circuits that are powered by battery
sources are termed direct current
circuits.
This is because the battery maintains the
same polarity of output voltage. The plus
and minus sides remain constant.
27. Characteristics of DC
It is the flow of charges in just one
direction and...
The fixed polarity of the applied voltage
which are characteristics of DC circuits
28. AC
An alternating voltage source periodically
alternates or reverses in polarity.
The resulting current, therefore,
periodically reverses in direction.
The power outlet in your home is 60 cycle
ac - meaning the voltage polarity and
current direction go through 60 cycles of
reversal per second.
All audio signals are AC also.
30. Complex Voltage
This is a more realistic view of what
an audio signal’s voltage would look like
31. Comparison of DC & AC
DC Voltage AC Voltage
Fixed polarity Reverses polarity
Can be steady or vary in
magnitude
Varies in magnitude
between reversals in
polarity
Steady value cannot be
stepped up or down by a
transformer
Used for electrical power
distribution
Electrode voltage for tube
and transistor amps
I/O signal for tube and
transistor amps
Easier to measure Easier to amplify
Heating Effects the same for both AC and DC current
32. Many Circuits Include both
AC & DC Voltages
DC circuits are usually simpler than AC
circuits.
However, the principles of DC circuits also
apply to AC circuits.
33. Impedance
Impedance is resistance to current flow in
AC circuits and its symbol is .
Impedance is also measured in ohms.
34. Grounding
In the wiring of practical circuits one side of the voltage
source is usually grounded for safety.
For 120 V - ac power lines in homes this means one side
of the voltage source is connected to a metal cold water
pipe.
For electronic equipment, the ground just indicates a
metal chassis, which is used as a common return for
connections to the source.
36. Ohm’s Law
The amount of current in a circuit is
dependent on its resistance and the
applied voltage. Specifically I = E/R
If you know any two of the factors E, I, and
R you can calculate the third.
Current I = E/R
Voltage E = IR
Resistance R = E/I
37. Current is Directly Proportional to
Voltage for a Constant Resistance
OHM’s LAW
38. Current is Inversely Proportional to
Resistance for a Constant Voltage
OHM’s LAW
39. Power
The unit of electrical power is the watt.
Power is how much work is done over time.
One watt of power is equal to the work done in
one second by one volt moving one coulomb of
charge. Since one coulomb a second is an
ampere:
Power in watts = volts x amperes
P = E x I
41. Conversion Factors
Prefix Symbol Relation to
basic unit
Examples
Mega M 1,000,000
or 1x106
5MΩ =
5x106 Ω
Kilo k 1,000 or
1x103
18kV =
18x103 V
Milli m .001 or
1x10-3
48 mA =
48x10-3A
Micro .000001 or
1x10-6
15V =
15x10-6V