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Univariate & bivariate analysis

The document discusses various types of data analysis, including univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analysis. It explains descriptive analysis, which summarizes sample data, and inferential analysis, which makes generalizations about a population based on sample results. Additionally, it highlights measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as methods for analyzing bivariate data such as cross tabulation and correlation coefficients.

Data & Analytics◦
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UNIVARIATE & BIVARIATE ANALYSIS
UNIVARIATE BIVARIATE & MULTIVARIATE UNIVARIATE ANALYSIS -One variable analysed at a time BIVARIATE ANALYSIS -Two variable analysed at a time MULTIVARIATE ANALYSIS -More than two variables analysed at a time
TYPES OF ANALYSIS •DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS •INFERENTIAL ANALYSIS
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS Transformation of raw data Facilitate easy understanding and interpretation Deals with summary measures relating to sample data Eg-what is the average age of the sample?
INFERENTIAL ANALYSIS Carried out after descriptive analysis Inferences drawn on population parameters based on sample results Generalizes results to the population based on sample results Eg-is the average age of population different from 35?
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF UNIVARIATE DATA 1. Prepare frequency distribution of each variable
Missing Data Situation where certain questions are left unanswered
Analysis of multiple responses
Measures of central tendency 3 measures of central tendency 1.Mean 2.Median 3.Mode
MEAN Arithmetic average of a variable Appropriate for interval and ratio scale data x
MEDIAN Calculates the middle value of the data Computed for ratio, interval or ordinal scale. Data needs to be arranged in ascending or descending order
MODE Point of maximum frequency Should not be computed for ordinal or interval data unless grouped. Widely used in business
MEASURE OF DISPERSION Measures of central tendency do not explain distribution of variables 4 measures of dispersion 1.Range 2.Variance and standard deviation 3.Coefficient of variation 4.Relative and absolute frequencies
DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF BIVARIATE DATA There are three types of measure used. 1.Cross tabulation 2.Spearmans rank correlation coefficient 3.Pearsons linear correlation coefficient
Cross Tabulation Responses of two questions are combined
Spearman’s rank order correlation coefficient. Used in case of ordinal data
Univariate & bivariate analysis