ARMF 2014 Employment of Proactive Mitigation Strategies in Combination with R...Janna Ellis Kepley
Proactive mitigation strategies like Everglades restoration are needed to counteract sea level rise in Florida in the long run. Reactive barriers will still be necessary in the short term to protect against coastal damage from storms and flooding. A combination of proactive and reactive strategies is recommended, including continuing Everglades restoration projects and updating infrastructure, while also maintaining some reactive barriers. Everglades restoration provides significant economic benefits compared to costs and helps mitigate effects of sea level rise like saltwater intrusion.
Jason Winner, Conservation GIS Manager for Scenic Hudson presents on the new Sea Level Rise Mapper.
The mapper is a tool for communities and stakeholders to use to create visualizations of future scenarios of sea level rise. With these maps and information, Scenic Hudson is supporting communities' efforts to develop adaptation plans by helping them to:
- create maps of the extent and impacts of inundation and flood zone expansion
- understand the locations of key built and natural resources
- create graphics that illustrate different sea level rise scenarios in specific communities or stretches of the river
- estimate the risks to infrastructure and natural resources and the likelihoods of different inundation events
- develop alternative adaptation scenarios and weigh their cost and benefits with respect to built infrastructure and natural resources
** The Sea Level Rise Mapper can be found on Scenic Hudson's website at: http://www.scenichudson.org/slr/mapper
For more information, contact Jason Winner at Scenic Hudson at (845) 473-4440 ext 223, or jwinner@scenichudson.org
Climate changes impact on coastal regionsMakeOil Green
Coasts will face increasing risks from climate change through this century. Impacts include more frequent flooding, erosion, ecosystem loss, and damage from storms. These risks disproportionately threaten dense, low-lying coastal populations. While adaptation is challenging, a combination of protection, accommodation, and retreat strategies can reduce risks. However, sea level rise will continue for centuries, potentially questioning the viability of some coastal settlements without mitigation to limit long-term rise.
This document discusses climate change adaptation efforts for coastal protection and management in India. It notes that about 20-25% of India's population lives within 50 km of its long coastline, which is affected by erosion. The Asian Development Bank is supporting India's Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program to develop scientific coastal management approaches. This includes building offshore artificial reefs and berms to stabilize coastlines. Shoreline management plans were also created. Technical assistance funded guidelines for climate change adaptation and established a coastal information system. The impacts of climate change like sea level rise pose risks to coastal areas, demonstrating the need for resilient coastal management programs.
This document summarizes research on climate change impacts along the coast of India. It finds that ocean heat content and sea levels are rising significantly due to climate change. Sea level rise poses major risks for India's coastal areas, which are densely populated and include important ecosystems. Studies show sea levels rising 1.3 mm/year along India's coasts. This could result in 13 cm of sea level rise by 2100. Coastal vulnerability assessments identify areas that are most at risk, incorporating factors like geomorphology, tides, waves and sea level trends. Multi-hazard maps combine sea level rise projections with storm surge and tsunami inundation maps to identify high risk zones. 3D modeling of coastal areas helps assess risks
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in average surface temperatures due to increased greenhouse gas emissions. Burning fossil fuels and forest destruction emit excess greenhouse gases that create a thicker blanket and increase heat in the atmosphere. Human activities are the main cause of climate change and global warming. Coastal communities and ecosystems are especially vulnerable to sea level rise, stronger storms, and other effects of climate change. Millions of people in India may be displaced as climate change exacerbates flooding and erosion in coastal areas. Sustainable development practices that reduce carbon emissions and protect natural resources are needed to mitigate climate change impacts.
Presented by Dr. Shailesh Nayak Key-note Address at Achieving Sustainable Development Goals and Strengthening Science of Climate Resilience, Multi-Stakeholders
This document summarizes the Metro Boston Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. It discusses the project scope, predicted climate impacts for Massachusetts including increased temperatures and sea level rise. A vulnerability assessment was conducted for key sectors like human health, coastal zones, natural resources, infrastructure, and the local economy. Adaptation approaches discussed include protecting and restoring natural defenses, protecting floodplains and wetlands, adopting building guidelines, zoning changes, and potential managed retreat strategies. Examples of actions Massachusetts communities are taking to adapt were also provided.
ARMF 2014 Employment of Proactive Mitigation Strategies in Combination with R...Janna Ellis Kepley
Proactive mitigation strategies like Everglades restoration are needed to counteract sea level rise in Florida in the long run. Reactive barriers will still be necessary in the short term to protect against coastal damage from storms and flooding. A combination of proactive and reactive strategies is recommended, including continuing Everglades restoration projects and updating infrastructure, while also maintaining some reactive barriers. Everglades restoration provides significant economic benefits compared to costs and helps mitigate effects of sea level rise like saltwater intrusion.
Jason Winner, Conservation GIS Manager for Scenic Hudson presents on the new Sea Level Rise Mapper.
The mapper is a tool for communities and stakeholders to use to create visualizations of future scenarios of sea level rise. With these maps and information, Scenic Hudson is supporting communities' efforts to develop adaptation plans by helping them to:
- create maps of the extent and impacts of inundation and flood zone expansion
- understand the locations of key built and natural resources
- create graphics that illustrate different sea level rise scenarios in specific communities or stretches of the river
- estimate the risks to infrastructure and natural resources and the likelihoods of different inundation events
- develop alternative adaptation scenarios and weigh their cost and benefits with respect to built infrastructure and natural resources
** The Sea Level Rise Mapper can be found on Scenic Hudson's website at: http://www.scenichudson.org/slr/mapper
For more information, contact Jason Winner at Scenic Hudson at (845) 473-4440 ext 223, or jwinner@scenichudson.org
Climate changes impact on coastal regionsMakeOil Green
Coasts will face increasing risks from climate change through this century. Impacts include more frequent flooding, erosion, ecosystem loss, and damage from storms. These risks disproportionately threaten dense, low-lying coastal populations. While adaptation is challenging, a combination of protection, accommodation, and retreat strategies can reduce risks. However, sea level rise will continue for centuries, potentially questioning the viability of some coastal settlements without mitigation to limit long-term rise.
This document discusses climate change adaptation efforts for coastal protection and management in India. It notes that about 20-25% of India's population lives within 50 km of its long coastline, which is affected by erosion. The Asian Development Bank is supporting India's Sustainable Coastal Protection and Management Investment Program to develop scientific coastal management approaches. This includes building offshore artificial reefs and berms to stabilize coastlines. Shoreline management plans were also created. Technical assistance funded guidelines for climate change adaptation and established a coastal information system. The impacts of climate change like sea level rise pose risks to coastal areas, demonstrating the need for resilient coastal management programs.
This document summarizes research on climate change impacts along the coast of India. It finds that ocean heat content and sea levels are rising significantly due to climate change. Sea level rise poses major risks for India's coastal areas, which are densely populated and include important ecosystems. Studies show sea levels rising 1.3 mm/year along India's coasts. This could result in 13 cm of sea level rise by 2100. Coastal vulnerability assessments identify areas that are most at risk, incorporating factors like geomorphology, tides, waves and sea level trends. Multi-hazard maps combine sea level rise projections with storm surge and tsunami inundation maps to identify high risk zones. 3D modeling of coastal areas helps assess risks
Global warming refers to the long-term rise in average surface temperatures due to increased greenhouse gas emissions. Burning fossil fuels and forest destruction emit excess greenhouse gases that create a thicker blanket and increase heat in the atmosphere. Human activities are the main cause of climate change and global warming. Coastal communities and ecosystems are especially vulnerable to sea level rise, stronger storms, and other effects of climate change. Millions of people in India may be displaced as climate change exacerbates flooding and erosion in coastal areas. Sustainable development practices that reduce carbon emissions and protect natural resources are needed to mitigate climate change impacts.
Presented by Dr. Shailesh Nayak Key-note Address at Achieving Sustainable Development Goals and Strengthening Science of Climate Resilience, Multi-Stakeholders
This document summarizes the Metro Boston Climate Change Adaptation Strategy. It discusses the project scope, predicted climate impacts for Massachusetts including increased temperatures and sea level rise. A vulnerability assessment was conducted for key sectors like human health, coastal zones, natural resources, infrastructure, and the local economy. Adaptation approaches discussed include protecting and restoring natural defenses, protecting floodplains and wetlands, adopting building guidelines, zoning changes, and potential managed retreat strategies. Examples of actions Massachusetts communities are taking to adapt were also provided.
This document summarizes a study of erosion control techniques used by homeowners along the Severn River. Through interviews and site observations, the study examined a variety of structural (e.g. bulkheads, revetments) and non-structural (e.g. vegetation) techniques used to stabilize slopes. The location of each technique was mapped using GIS to analyze how factors like slope, elevation, wind exposure, and soil type relate to erosion risks and choice of mitigation approach. The study found that steeper slopes facing areas with higher wind and wave exposure were more prone to erosion. Homeowners with more financial means could implement hybrid structural-nonstructural approaches most effectively.
The document discusses various aspects of coastal engineering. It describes coastal engineering as the application of engineering principles to systems functioning in water environments like oceans, lakes and rivers. It then discusses different types of coastal structures used for purposes like protecting infrastructure from flooding, stabilizing shorelines, and facilitating navigation. These include soft structures like beachfills and hard structures like seawalls, breakwaters and jetties. The document provides examples and diagrams of some commonly used coastal structures.
The document discusses Esri's Ocean GIS Initiative which aims to expand the company's capabilities for mapping and analyzing ocean data. The initiative will focus on areas like research and exploration, ecosystems, fisheries management, and coastal protection. It highlights several existing projects including the Ocean Basemap, SeaSketch tool, Ocean Health Index, and ArcGIS for Maritime and Ocean Use Planning portals. The overall goals are to grow ocean mapping tools and data, engage more with ocean science partners, and support coastal and marine spatial planning.
Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive PoliciesLisa Granquist
2012 March. Poster presenter. Research, Innovation and Scholarship Expo RISE2012, Northeastern University, Poster title, Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive Policies.
This study examined salt marshes in the Swartkops Estuary in South Africa to determine how they have responded to sea level rise and environmental changes over the past seven decades. Relative sea level has been rising at a rate of 1.82 mm per year over the past 36 years based on tide gauge data. Analysis of aerial images from 1939 to 2012 showed that losses of salt marsh habitats were mainly due to development. The distribution of salt marsh vegetation was found to be most influenced by elevation, soil moisture, and inundation frequency. Measurements of salt marsh surface elevation over six years indicated the marsh was currently keeping pace with historical sea level rise, but may not be able to keep up with accelerated rates of rise projected for
The document discusses coastal processes and landforms. It describes how coastal areas are shaped by erosion and deposition from waves, tides and currents. Sediment is transported through processes like longshore drift and deposited in beaches, bars and spits. Coastal landforms like cliffs, caves and stacks are formed by erosive forces, while sheltered areas experience deposition and the growth of features like beaches. Managing coastal change requires understanding these dynamic sediment movements and landform developments.
Erosion As Pollution: The net economic and shoreline effects of coastal struc...Lisa Granquist
This is an update to the presentation, "Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?"
Inland property owners observe significant premiums in home values due to the existence of beaches for recreation in front of proximate waterfront properties. As erosion occurs, waterfront property owners seek to protect their properties with hard structures (seawalls, revetments) often waterfront property owners have the legal right to do this.
A negotiated solution? “In theory,” to protect their own home values, inland property owners could pay waterfront property owners to forego hard structural protections or to replenish sand on the beach.
- from slide 21, Hoagland, Granquist, 2014, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts: Erosion as Pollution?
Assesment of the morphometry of gullies in kastina ala, nigeriaAlexander Decker
This document analyzes the morphometric characteristics of four gullies in Katsina-Ala local government area of Benue State, Nigeria to assess the severity of erosion and economic losses. Field measurements of gully length, depth, width, slope and volume were taken. A total volume of 17,680.36 cubic meters of soil was lost across 737.01 square meters, equivalent to an estimated remediation cost of NGN 61.5 million. The study aims to increase awareness of gully formation in the area to prevent further losses to arable land and property.
Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?Lisa Granquist
2013 February. Workshop presentation at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, of co-authored research, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?
This document discusses the development of design criteria for segmented breakwaters used for beach erosion control. It examines several prototype cases in the United States and draws generalizations about resultant beach response. It evaluates this experience to develop a preliminary approach for design criteria. Specifically, it summarizes 7 segmented breakwater projects in the US, describing the project parameters, beach response, and how the experience can inform general design guidance.
This document provides an overview of crowded coasts as a topic for a geography exam. It discusses the increasing population pressures on coastal areas and the various risks and management challenges that arise as a result, including:
- Coasts attract large populations due to amenities, but this leads to competition for space and environmental pressures.
- Hazards like sea level rise and intense storms pose growing risks as the effects of climate change increase and more people live in vulnerable coastal areas.
- Coastal management involves strategies like protection, retreat, and integrated planning to address risks while enabling development and protecting environments and communities.
Dr. F Javier Hernández-Molina's research focuses on deep marine sedimentation, particularly identifying bottom currents' depositional and erosional features in the ocean and relating them to oceanographic processes. These bottom-current deposits can potentially serve as hydrocarbon reservoirs or seals. His research aims to better understand these deposits and their implications for paleoclimatology, paleoceanography, slope stability, and hydrocarbon exploration. His background includes a degree in marine geology and over 25 years of research experience studying ancient and modern examples of bottom-current deposits around the world. His research collaborates with oil companies and could help improve prospects for deeper hydrocarbon exploration.
Adding impact safety and natural resilience to vulnerable coasts 05012017Marco Pluijm
Given today’s climate change induced challenges, it’s much more effective to follow a system based holistic approach, instead of continue fighting the elements with dated, engineered components.
1. The document summarizes research on the direct and indirect causes of beach erosion in Negril, Jamaica and the role of climate change. 2. Direct causes include hurricanes, storm surges, and sea level rise exacerbated by climate change, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. 3. Indirect causes include degradation of coral reefs and shoreline vegetation from climate change impacts and human activities, which reduce natural protections against erosion.
Tahoe institute for_environmental_security_presendationDRIscience
The document proposes creating the Tahoe Institute for Environmental Security (TIES) to leverage decades of environmental research in Lake Tahoe and address global challenges. TIES would bring scientists, policymakers, and industry to Nevada to exchange ideas on issues like water scarcity, climate change, and biodiversity decline. It would offer technical workshops and create opportunities for dialogue across sectors. Locating TIES within the Nevada System of Higher Education could attract expertise from DRI, UNR, and UNLV to make it a world-renowned center addressing the pressing issue of environmental security.
This document discusses coastal erosion issues and solutions. It outlines the importance of healthy coastlines, issues facing the South Carolina coast, and current solutions like beach nourishment and structures. Recommendations are made to use advanced mapping like LiDAR from UAVs and more accurate modeling software like MIKE21 and MIKE3 to simulate coastal processes and better inform customized solutions for specific areas like Long Beach. Preventative, rather than restorative, measures and considering untapped options like vegetation management are also recommended.
Overall, shoreline erosion along Black River Bay, Jamaica averaged -0.31 m/yr from 2003-2012. Erosion rates were highest from 2003-2007 (-0.90 m/yr) due to Hurricane Ivan in 2004, followed by some recovery from 2007-2012 (0.21 m/yr). The sandy beaches lacking reef protection experienced the most erosion. An estimated 9 km of mangroves and over 100 buildings are at risk of being lost in the next 10-30 years due to continued sea level rise and erosion.
The document summarizes the unprecedented scale of ongoing sediment clean-ups through the Superfund program in the New York/New Jersey Harbor Estuary. It notes that proposed remedies for 6 contaminated sediment sites will remove over 5 million cubic yards of sediment through dredging. Managing these sites separately under Superfund is inefficient and costly. The document argues that a regional sediment management framework should be adopted to better coordinate remediation, reduce impacts, and promote beneficial reuse of sediments. Integrating Superfund sites into an existing regional sediment management plan could enhance socioeconomic benefits while providing more sustainable outcomes through innovative technologies and green remediation approaches.
This document discusses how climate change is impacting the Antarctic region and CCAMLR's potential role in monitoring and responding to these changes. It outlines that warming temperatures and ocean acidification pose risks to Antarctic fisheries and ecosystems. The document then discusses Norway's Antarctic research focus on krill and ice sheets. It notes the unpredictability of climate impacts, such as rapid ice sheet collapse, and uncertainties around how climate change could impact krill populations and alter the Antarctic ecosystem. The document argues that CCAMLR could play a more proactive role in climate monitoring by utilizing its fishing fleets to collect environmental data and establishing monitoring programs within marine protected areas. This would help address knowledge gaps and strengthen the scientific basis for CCA
Recent presentation on assessing how U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hurricane Sandy Resilience projects will improve community and ecosystem resilience to sea level rise, storm events and other threats. Presentation highlights development of ecological and socio-economic metrics and provides project examples, marsh restoration, beach restoration, living shorelines and aquatic connectivity (dam removal) of metrics being used to evaluate project performance.
This document summarizes a study of erosion control techniques used by homeowners along the Severn River. Through interviews and site observations, the study examined a variety of structural (e.g. bulkheads, revetments) and non-structural (e.g. vegetation) techniques used to stabilize slopes. The location of each technique was mapped using GIS to analyze how factors like slope, elevation, wind exposure, and soil type relate to erosion risks and choice of mitigation approach. The study found that steeper slopes facing areas with higher wind and wave exposure were more prone to erosion. Homeowners with more financial means could implement hybrid structural-nonstructural approaches most effectively.
The document discusses various aspects of coastal engineering. It describes coastal engineering as the application of engineering principles to systems functioning in water environments like oceans, lakes and rivers. It then discusses different types of coastal structures used for purposes like protecting infrastructure from flooding, stabilizing shorelines, and facilitating navigation. These include soft structures like beachfills and hard structures like seawalls, breakwaters and jetties. The document provides examples and diagrams of some commonly used coastal structures.
The document discusses Esri's Ocean GIS Initiative which aims to expand the company's capabilities for mapping and analyzing ocean data. The initiative will focus on areas like research and exploration, ecosystems, fisheries management, and coastal protection. It highlights several existing projects including the Ocean Basemap, SeaSketch tool, Ocean Health Index, and ArcGIS for Maritime and Ocean Use Planning portals. The overall goals are to grow ocean mapping tools and data, engage more with ocean science partners, and support coastal and marine spatial planning.
Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive PoliciesLisa Granquist
2012 March. Poster presenter. Research, Innovation and Scholarship Expo RISE2012, Northeastern University, Poster title, Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive Policies.
This study examined salt marshes in the Swartkops Estuary in South Africa to determine how they have responded to sea level rise and environmental changes over the past seven decades. Relative sea level has been rising at a rate of 1.82 mm per year over the past 36 years based on tide gauge data. Analysis of aerial images from 1939 to 2012 showed that losses of salt marsh habitats were mainly due to development. The distribution of salt marsh vegetation was found to be most influenced by elevation, soil moisture, and inundation frequency. Measurements of salt marsh surface elevation over six years indicated the marsh was currently keeping pace with historical sea level rise, but may not be able to keep up with accelerated rates of rise projected for
The document discusses coastal processes and landforms. It describes how coastal areas are shaped by erosion and deposition from waves, tides and currents. Sediment is transported through processes like longshore drift and deposited in beaches, bars and spits. Coastal landforms like cliffs, caves and stacks are formed by erosive forces, while sheltered areas experience deposition and the growth of features like beaches. Managing coastal change requires understanding these dynamic sediment movements and landform developments.
Erosion As Pollution: The net economic and shoreline effects of coastal struc...Lisa Granquist
This is an update to the presentation, "Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?"
Inland property owners observe significant premiums in home values due to the existence of beaches for recreation in front of proximate waterfront properties. As erosion occurs, waterfront property owners seek to protect their properties with hard structures (seawalls, revetments) often waterfront property owners have the legal right to do this.
A negotiated solution? “In theory,” to protect their own home values, inland property owners could pay waterfront property owners to forego hard structural protections or to replenish sand on the beach.
- from slide 21, Hoagland, Granquist, 2014, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts: Erosion as Pollution?
Assesment of the morphometry of gullies in kastina ala, nigeriaAlexander Decker
This document analyzes the morphometric characteristics of four gullies in Katsina-Ala local government area of Benue State, Nigeria to assess the severity of erosion and economic losses. Field measurements of gully length, depth, width, slope and volume were taken. A total volume of 17,680.36 cubic meters of soil was lost across 737.01 square meters, equivalent to an estimated remediation cost of NGN 61.5 million. The study aims to increase awareness of gully formation in the area to prevent further losses to arable land and property.
Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?Lisa Granquist
2013 February. Workshop presentation at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, of co-authored research, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?
This document discusses the development of design criteria for segmented breakwaters used for beach erosion control. It examines several prototype cases in the United States and draws generalizations about resultant beach response. It evaluates this experience to develop a preliminary approach for design criteria. Specifically, it summarizes 7 segmented breakwater projects in the US, describing the project parameters, beach response, and how the experience can inform general design guidance.
This document provides an overview of crowded coasts as a topic for a geography exam. It discusses the increasing population pressures on coastal areas and the various risks and management challenges that arise as a result, including:
- Coasts attract large populations due to amenities, but this leads to competition for space and environmental pressures.
- Hazards like sea level rise and intense storms pose growing risks as the effects of climate change increase and more people live in vulnerable coastal areas.
- Coastal management involves strategies like protection, retreat, and integrated planning to address risks while enabling development and protecting environments and communities.
Dr. F Javier Hernández-Molina's research focuses on deep marine sedimentation, particularly identifying bottom currents' depositional and erosional features in the ocean and relating them to oceanographic processes. These bottom-current deposits can potentially serve as hydrocarbon reservoirs or seals. His research aims to better understand these deposits and their implications for paleoclimatology, paleoceanography, slope stability, and hydrocarbon exploration. His background includes a degree in marine geology and over 25 years of research experience studying ancient and modern examples of bottom-current deposits around the world. His research collaborates with oil companies and could help improve prospects for deeper hydrocarbon exploration.
Adding impact safety and natural resilience to vulnerable coasts 05012017Marco Pluijm
Given today’s climate change induced challenges, it’s much more effective to follow a system based holistic approach, instead of continue fighting the elements with dated, engineered components.
1. The document summarizes research on the direct and indirect causes of beach erosion in Negril, Jamaica and the role of climate change. 2. Direct causes include hurricanes, storm surges, and sea level rise exacerbated by climate change, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity. 3. Indirect causes include degradation of coral reefs and shoreline vegetation from climate change impacts and human activities, which reduce natural protections against erosion.
Tahoe institute for_environmental_security_presendationDRIscience
The document proposes creating the Tahoe Institute for Environmental Security (TIES) to leverage decades of environmental research in Lake Tahoe and address global challenges. TIES would bring scientists, policymakers, and industry to Nevada to exchange ideas on issues like water scarcity, climate change, and biodiversity decline. It would offer technical workshops and create opportunities for dialogue across sectors. Locating TIES within the Nevada System of Higher Education could attract expertise from DRI, UNR, and UNLV to make it a world-renowned center addressing the pressing issue of environmental security.
This document discusses coastal erosion issues and solutions. It outlines the importance of healthy coastlines, issues facing the South Carolina coast, and current solutions like beach nourishment and structures. Recommendations are made to use advanced mapping like LiDAR from UAVs and more accurate modeling software like MIKE21 and MIKE3 to simulate coastal processes and better inform customized solutions for specific areas like Long Beach. Preventative, rather than restorative, measures and considering untapped options like vegetation management are also recommended.
Overall, shoreline erosion along Black River Bay, Jamaica averaged -0.31 m/yr from 2003-2012. Erosion rates were highest from 2003-2007 (-0.90 m/yr) due to Hurricane Ivan in 2004, followed by some recovery from 2007-2012 (0.21 m/yr). The sandy beaches lacking reef protection experienced the most erosion. An estimated 9 km of mangroves and over 100 buildings are at risk of being lost in the next 10-30 years due to continued sea level rise and erosion.
The document summarizes the unprecedented scale of ongoing sediment clean-ups through the Superfund program in the New York/New Jersey Harbor Estuary. It notes that proposed remedies for 6 contaminated sediment sites will remove over 5 million cubic yards of sediment through dredging. Managing these sites separately under Superfund is inefficient and costly. The document argues that a regional sediment management framework should be adopted to better coordinate remediation, reduce impacts, and promote beneficial reuse of sediments. Integrating Superfund sites into an existing regional sediment management plan could enhance socioeconomic benefits while providing more sustainable outcomes through innovative technologies and green remediation approaches.
This document discusses how climate change is impacting the Antarctic region and CCAMLR's potential role in monitoring and responding to these changes. It outlines that warming temperatures and ocean acidification pose risks to Antarctic fisheries and ecosystems. The document then discusses Norway's Antarctic research focus on krill and ice sheets. It notes the unpredictability of climate impacts, such as rapid ice sheet collapse, and uncertainties around how climate change could impact krill populations and alter the Antarctic ecosystem. The document argues that CCAMLR could play a more proactive role in climate monitoring by utilizing its fishing fleets to collect environmental data and establishing monitoring programs within marine protected areas. This would help address knowledge gaps and strengthen the scientific basis for CCA
Recent presentation on assessing how U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hurricane Sandy Resilience projects will improve community and ecosystem resilience to sea level rise, storm events and other threats. Presentation highlights development of ecological and socio-economic metrics and provides project examples, marsh restoration, beach restoration, living shorelines and aquatic connectivity (dam removal) of metrics being used to evaluate project performance.
The document discusses sea level rise impacts and considerations for resilience planning in Great Marsh communities. It provides an overview of coastal inundation mapping elements like tide ranges, sea level rise projections, and elevation data. Critical factors for modeling marsh migration under sea level rise are examined, such as sediment accretion rates. The document also analyzes how development and infrastructure can limit natural marsh migration inland. Strategies to support natural resilience by allowing natural processes like wetland migration are suggested.
Climate change is affecting Small Island Developing States through rising sea levels, stronger storms, changes to agriculture and fisheries, and damage to infrastructure. The document discusses evidence of these impacts in the Caribbean and strategies several Caribbean countries and organizations are implementing to adapt to climate change and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These include establishing the Caribbean Community Climate Change Centre, national climate change policies and action plans, and projects to increase climate resilience.
Climate change preparedness and engagement in southwest florida 10 21-19David Silverberg
This document summarizes a presentation on climate change preparedness and community engagement given to the Collier County Democratic Club. It discusses concerns about sea level rise, increased storminess, and heavy precipitation in coastal Southwest Florida. Projections show rising sea levels could lead to inundation, coastal erosion, and more frequent nuisance flooding. Warmer ocean temperatures are also leading to more intense hurricanes that are larger and move more slowly. The presentation outlines efforts in Collier County to understand vulnerability and plan for adaptation through projects with NOAA and the Florida Department of Environmental Protection. Regional collaboration between counties is also discussed as important for climate resilience planning.
CRCTI CoP/CCRF Webinar: Changes in the Oceans Surrounding Canada (June 26, 2019)glennmcgillivray
On June 26, 2019, the Climate Risks for Coastal Transportation Infrastructure Community of Practice (CRCTI CoP) and the Canadian Coastal Resilience Forum (CCRF) conducted a webinar titled “Canada’s Changing Climate Report: Changes in the Oceans Surrounding Canada” presented by Blair Greenan, Fisheries and Oceans Canada and Thomas James, Natural Resources Canada
This webinar summarized the observed and projected changes for the oceans surrounding Canada that are being driven by anthropogenic climate change. The results were drawn from the recent “Canada’s Changing Climate Report”. The presentation focused on changes in sea level and coastal flooding impacting coastal communities and infrastructure. The presentation also included some results from the 2016 report on “Canada’s Marine Coasts in a Changing Climate”, a contribution to the ongoing series of reports for the National Assessment Canada in a Changing Climate.
Blair Greenan is a research scientist at Fisheries and Oceans Canada (DFO) and is based at the Bedford Institute of Oceanography in Halifax. He manages a diverse group of researchers that focus on ocean stressors ranging from marine oil spills to climate change effects such as ocean acidification. He is the Scientific Director for the Argo Canada program which contributes to the International Argo program in advancing global real-time observations of the ocean with autonomous instruments. Recently, Blair’s research has focused on developing climate change adaptation tools to provide science advice to DFO on issues related to coastal infrastructure and fisheries management. Blair received his Ph.D. from the Department of Physics at the University of Toronto.
Thomas James is a research scientist with the Geological Survey of Canada, Department of Natural Resources Canada. His undergraduate studies were at Queen’s University and he carried out his Ph.D. research at Princeton University, finishing in 1991. Tom’s research interests are in geodynamics, and specifically in understanding the interactions between the solid Earth, ice sheets and glaciers, and the oceans. He has carried out field work in British Columbia, Nunavut, and Antarctica to measure land motion and sea-level change. Recently, Tom generated sea-level projections across Canada for a volume called “Canada’s Marine Coasts in a Changing Climate”, based on the most recent assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.
Sea Level Change and Coastal Hazards in WashingtonSheila Wilson
This document summarizes information about sea level rise in Washington state. It discusses observed trends showing rising sea levels and projected increases ranging from 11 to 38 inches by 2100 depending on greenhouse gas emission scenarios. Regional variations exist due to factors like vertical land movement. Sea level rise increases risks of flooding, erosion, and habitat loss. Near-term challenges include more extreme high tides and storm surges that can impact coastal populations, infrastructure and resources even before permanent inundation occurs. Regional and local efforts are underway to address these risks through climate preparedness planning.
От пятого до шестого оценочного цикла с упоромна Специальный доклад по океану...ipcc-media
The document summarizes the key points about the IPCC Special Report on the Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC). It notes that the ocean and cryosphere play important roles in regulating climate and supporting life. However, both are changing rapidly due to climate change, such as sea level rise, ocean warming, and loss of sea ice and glaciers. The SROCC will provide an assessment of these changes, their impacts, and options for adaptation and resilience. It will involve scientists from many countries and undergo several drafts and reviews over its timeline from 2017-2019.
This document summarizes information from various sources about climate change impacts and weather and climate modeling. It discusses increasing costs of extreme weather events, improvements in weather forecasting, projected increases in Pakistan's temperatures by 2050, changes in monsoon patterns, recent disasters in Pakistan, increased runoff projections from the Himalayas, socioeconomic and climate interactions, risks from climate change for different regions, downscaling of global models to regional models, and calls for early warning systems and disaster risk reduction.
This document summarizes a study on the impacts of land use change and climate change on the aquatic ecosystem of Mobile Bay in Alabama. The study used watershed and hydrodynamic models to analyze how increased urbanization and climate change could affect river outflows, water quality parameters like temperature and salinity, and submerged aquatic vegetation (SAV) in the bay. The models project increased runoff and decreased outflows from watersheds with more urban development compared to natural areas. Climate change is also expected to decrease precipitation and increase temperatures, further impacting outflows. Changes in flows, sediment loads, temperature and salinity could stress SAV communities in Mobile Bay that provide important habitat. The goal is to understand these stressors to
The document discusses coastal erosion issues in Happisburgh, England. It notes that over 250m of land was lost between 1600-1850, and 125m was lost between 1992-2007 at a rate of around 8m/year. The cliffs are comprised of glacial sands and clays that are easily eroded by the sea and saturated by rainwater. Coastal defenses could worsen the situation by disrupting sediment flows, while rising seas and stronger storms from climate change also increase erosion risks. The rapid erosion is negatively impacting the local community and environment through lost homes and infrastructure as well as valuable farmland.
A brief pictorial history of Noosa Main Beach and Estuary reviewing coastal management from first nations through first settlement to current day - with a brief overview of coastal management theory.
Sources include Nancy Cato's Noosa Story and other publications featured in slides.
1) The document discusses the concept of "planetary boundaries" which aims to define a "safe operating space for humanity" by establishing quantitative boundaries for nine critical Earth system processes.
2) It proposes specific boundary levels for seven of these processes: climate change, ocean acidification, ozone depletion, biogeochemical flows of nitrogen and phosphorus, land use change, freshwater use, and biodiversity loss.
3) The boundaries are meant to avoid crossing critical global thresholds beyond which Earth system processes could be irreversibly altered at the planetary scale, significantly reducing the resilience of the biosphere.
World Environment Day 2014 focused on the theme of "Small Islands and Climate Change". The slogan was "Raise Your Voice Not The Sea Level". Greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane trap heat in the atmosphere and have caused global warming, rising sea levels, and more extreme weather events. This poses serious threats to small island developing states. Actions like improving energy efficiency, expanding renewable energy, and reducing deforestation can help mitigate climate change.
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Dr. Cynthia Rosenzweig, Senior Research Scientist, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Senior Research Scientist, Earth Institute at Columbia University Co-Chair Mayor Bloomberg’s Climate Change Commission Co-Director Urban Climate Change Research Network (UCCRN); National Institute for Coastal & Harbor Infrastructure, John F. Kennedy Center, Boston, Nov. 12, 2013: "The Triple Threat of Rising Sea Levels, Extreme Storms and Aging Infrastructure: Coastal Community Responses and The Federal Role" See http://www.nichiusa.org or http://www.nichi.us
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Similar to Rob Thieler, Changing Climate, Changing Coasts (20)
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Shoreline Change Special Area Management Plan (Beach SAMP) Stakeholder Meeting. Held on July 14, 2015. The purpose of the meeting was to review progress to date on development of tools, and discuss the next phase of the Beach SAMP porject.
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Sea Level Rise & the Conservation of Wetlands: Issues and Opportunities for C...riseagrant
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Sea Levels Affecting Marshes Model Using SLAMM to Conserve Rhode Island’s Coa...riseagrant
This document summarizes information presented at a workshop on using the Sea Level Affecting Marshes Model (SLAMM) to project impacts of sea level rise on coastal wetlands in Rhode Island. Key points include:
- Tidal marshes provide important ecosystem services like habitat, water filtration, and flood protection. Rhode Island has lost over 50% of its historic salt marshes.
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- The SLAMM projections will help identify vulnerable wetlands and
RI Shoreline Change Special Area Management Planriseagrant
This document discusses planning for sea level rise in Rhode Island. It provides past, present and projected future rates of sea level rise. It identifies potential impacts of sea level rise such as erosion, overwash, wetland loss, and infrastructure failure. Maps show examples of projected inundation in Newport Harbor from 5 feet of sea level rise. The document outlines studies and data being collected on erosion rates, sediment transport, inundation mapping, and economic impacts. It discusses developing policy recommendations, education materials, and adaptation guidelines for municipalities. Products under development include updated erosion maps, economic analyses, and identification of at-risk infrastructure. The goal is to provide cities and towns with tools and lessons from other areas to help plan for and
STORMTOOLS* -Simplified Flood Inundation Maps for RI with Sea Level Rise (SLR)riseagrant
Malcolm L. Spaulding1
Chris Damon2
1Professor Emeritus, Ocean Engineering
2Environmental Data Center
University of RI
December 9, 2014
*http://www.beachsamp.org/research/stormtools/
Narragansett, RI
Key Tools for Businesses
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2. Outline
• Scientific and management dimensions of sealevel change
• Results and implications of recent sea-level rise
assessments
• Options and potential impacts of different
shoreline adaptation strategies
• How one town is starting to address the issue
3. The U.S. Coastal Crisis – Coastal population
and development are increasingly
vulnerable to coastal hazards
• Erosion affects all 30 coastal states
• 60-80% of coast is eroding
• Erosion caused by diverse, complex
processes
• Coastal populations have doubled
• >50% live along coasts
• Infrastructure about $9 trillion
4. We need better science* to prepare our local responses to
climate change, especially in our coastal areas.
(David Carter, Delaware Coastal Management)
*science = better understanding of processes + better situation awareness
5. Key Principles Regarding Sea-level Rise
• There is no debate over sea-level rise
When the climate warms, oceans increase in volume and
land-based ice melts
• Attribution of sea-level rise is largely irrelevant
For example, if the world stopped emitting GHGs tomorrow,
sea level would continue to rise for several centuries
• The major questions are how much, and how fast?
The answers depend in part on our future emission
pathways, and the future behavior of large ice sheets
7. Past, Current and Projected Global
Temperature
The last 10,000 years have been ideal for
the development of human societies.
This has been a unique time during
which climate varied very little and
enabled humankind to flourish.
8. Sea-level rise rates since the Last Glacial
Maximum
mwp-Ib
Global delta initiation
(Stanley and Warne, 1994)
U.S. Atlantic, U.K.
wetland initiation;
barrier island stability
(Shennan and Horton, 2002;
Engelhart et al., 2009)
Rate of SLR (mm/yr)
mwp-Ia
Thousands of 14C years before present
(SLR rate based on Fairbanks, 1989; ice extent from Dyke, 2004)
10. Projected Sea-level Rise
Recent expert assessment
(n=90 experts)
0.4-0.6 m for RCP 3-PD
0.7-1.2 m for RCP 8.5
IPCC AR5
(Horton et al., 2013)
(modified after Rahmstorf, 2007; AR4 data from Bindoff, 2007)
(courtesy Aslak Grinsted; AR5 projections from IPCC, 2013)
11. Mid-Atlantic Assessment of Potential
Dynamic Coastal Responses to Sea-level Rise
Bluff erosion
Overwash
Island Breaching
(Gutierrez et al., 2009)
Threshold Crossing
12. Dynamic Equilibrium of Beaches
Sediment supply
Relative sealevel change
Location and
shape of the
beach
Wave energy
(after Pilkey and Thieler, 1992)
13. Common responses to an eroding coastline
Hard stabilization
• Seawalls, groins,
breakwaters, etc.
Soft stabilization
• Beach nourishment
Relocation or retreat
• Move back from
eroding shorelines
(after Pilkey and Thieler, 1992)
14. Hard stabilization
• Advantages
• Most dependable way to save
beachfront property
• Disadvantages
•
•
•
•
Degrades the recreational beach
Reduces beach access
Costly
Unsightly
(after Pilkey and Thieler, 1992)
15. Modes of beach loss by seawalls
Placement
• Seawall built on
the beach
Passive
• Beach continues to
retreat and
narrows in front of
the seawall
Active
(after Pilkey and Thieler, 1992)
• Seawall directly
causes erosion
17. Related impacts of hard stabilization
Changes to alongshore
sediment transport
Reduction in sediment
delivery to beach system
18. Informing Decisions in a Changing Climate
National Research Council (2009)
The end of “Climate Stationarity” requires that
organizations and individuals alter their standard
practices and decision routines to take climate
change into account. Scientific priorities and
practices need to change so that the scientific
community can provide better support to
decision makers in managing emerging climate
risks.
• Decision makers must expect to be surprised
because of the nature of climate change and
the incompleteness of scientific
understanding of its consequences.
• An uncertainty management framework
should be used because of the inadequacies
of predictive capability.
19. Sea-level rise impacts: A multivariate problem with
uncertainties everywhere
Driving
Forces
Climate Change
&
Sea Level
Rise
Groundwater
Impact
Habitat Loss
Wetland Loss
Physical
& Biological
Processes
Potential
Impacts
Coastal Erosion
Initial
Conditions
Safety
Inundation
Management
Decisions
20. Some things to consider…
• Options that maintain future flexibility
• Magnitude and timing of future climate change and our responses to it are
uncertain
• Holistic examination of potential impacts
• Geologic, biologic, economic, social...
• Expectations of your coastal zone (resources, tourism, aesthetics,
navigation, etc.)
• Time horizon
• How long should something last? Forever? Until you have a better plan to
address the problem? The next big storm? Two feet of sea-level rise?
• Risk tolerance
• Scale with size, value, time
• Implications of failure or over-planning/building
• Protocols for what happens after large events
• Because there will be a "next time"
21. Understanding Where We Are, and
Where We Could Go
www.falmouthmass.us/depart.php?depkey=coastal
22. Sediment Source Area
Longshore Transport
Eastern Limit of Moraine
0
1
2
kilometers
Falmouth South Shore
USGS 1995 photography
3
27. Green Pond
Shoreline Change
Since 1845
~130 ft
~550 ft
• Sediment supply
decreased
• Uplands armored,
beaches narrowed
• Barrier has
migrated into the
pond
28. Vision for Falmouth’s Coast
(for the next 50-100 years)
• Beaches and dunes wide enough for protection from storms and public
access and use.
• Sufficient sand in the coastal system.
• Sustained and enhanced water quality, habitat and fisheries resources.
• A minimum of hard structures (groins, seawalls, etc.).
• Public infrastructure will be relocated from the immediate coast.
• A proactive approach to shoreline management to prevent problems and
provide a response protocol when shoreline damage occurs.
29. Achieving the Vision
for Falmouth’s Coast
• Acquire coastal land for open space.
• Move or change vulnerable public infrastructure. Plan future
infrastructure (e.g., roads, sewers) wisely.
• Conduct beach nourishment experiments at key “source” locations.
• Remove unnecessary, hazardous, or damaging coastal armoring
structures.
• Create effective sand management systems.
• Improve regulations to protect coastal systems and beaches.
• Encourage protection of valuable coastal assets such as unarmored
bluffs.
30. Summary
• The coast as we know it today is a product of sea-level
rise
• Major changes are coming to the coast, ecosystems,
and resources
• Future sea-level rise is a certain impact
•
We have already made a commitment to several centuries of rise
• Future sea-level rise is an uncertain impact
•
•
Rates and magnitudes poorly constrained
Societal response unknown
• Informed preparation is important