2013 February. Workshop presentation at the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), Annual Meeting, Boston, MA, of co-authored research, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?
Erosion As Pollution: The net economic and shoreline effects of coastal struc...Lisa Granquist
This is an update to the presentation, "Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?"
Inland property owners observe significant premiums in home values due to the existence of beaches for recreation in front of proximate waterfront properties. As erosion occurs, waterfront property owners seek to protect their properties with hard structures (seawalls, revetments) often waterfront property owners have the legal right to do this.
A negotiated solution? “In theory,” to protect their own home values, inland property owners could pay waterfront property owners to forego hard structural protections or to replenish sand on the beach.
- from slide 21, Hoagland, Granquist, 2014, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts: Erosion as Pollution?
Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive PoliciesLisa Granquist
2012 March. Poster presenter. Research, Innovation and Scholarship Expo RISE2012, Northeastern University, Poster title, Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive Policies.
Erosion As Pollution: The net economic and shoreline effects of coastal struc...Lisa Granquist
This is an update to the presentation, "Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?"
Inland property owners observe significant premiums in home values due to the existence of beaches for recreation in front of proximate waterfront properties. As erosion occurs, waterfront property owners seek to protect their properties with hard structures (seawalls, revetments) often waterfront property owners have the legal right to do this.
A negotiated solution? “In theory,” to protect their own home values, inland property owners could pay waterfront property owners to forego hard structural protections or to replenish sand on the beach.
- from slide 21, Hoagland, Granquist, 2014, Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts: Erosion as Pollution?
Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive PoliciesLisa Granquist
2012 March. Poster presenter. Research, Innovation and Scholarship Expo RISE2012, Northeastern University, Poster title, Accelerated Erosion and Sea Level Rise, The Case for Adaptive Policies.
Recent presentation on assessing how U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hurricane Sandy Resilience projects will improve community and ecosystem resilience to sea level rise, storm events and other threats. Presentation highlights development of ecological and socio-economic metrics and provides project examples, marsh restoration, beach restoration, living shorelines and aquatic connectivity (dam removal) of metrics being used to evaluate project performance.
overview of sunset cove restoration plan highlighting community efforts to fund and build a boardwalk out over the wetlands and include a eco dock for oyster studies
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The present study was carried out to produce and evaluate the land use/land cover maps by on
screen visual interpretation. The studies of land cover of Allahabad city (study area) consist of 87517.47 ha
out of which 5500.35 ha is build up land (Urban / Rural) Area. In this respect, the Build up land (Urban /
Rural) area scorers 6.28% of the total area. It has also been found that about 17155.001ha (19.60 %) of
area is covered by current fallow land. The double/triple crop land of 30178.44ha (34.84%). The area
covered by gullied / ravines is 1539.20 ha (1.75 %) and that of the kharif crop land is 2828.00 ha (3.23 %).
The area covered by other wasteland is 2551.05ha (2.91%). Table 4.1 shows the area distribution of the
various land use and land cover of Allahabad city.
Recent presentation on assessing how U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Hurricane Sandy Resilience projects will improve community and ecosystem resilience to sea level rise, storm events and other threats. Presentation highlights development of ecological and socio-economic metrics and provides project examples, marsh restoration, beach restoration, living shorelines and aquatic connectivity (dam removal) of metrics being used to evaluate project performance.
overview of sunset cove restoration plan highlighting community efforts to fund and build a boardwalk out over the wetlands and include a eco dock for oyster studies
Land Use/Land Cover Mapping Of Allahabad City by Using Remote Sensing & GIS IJMER
The present study was carried out to produce and evaluate the land use/land cover maps by on
screen visual interpretation. The studies of land cover of Allahabad city (study area) consist of 87517.47 ha
out of which 5500.35 ha is build up land (Urban / Rural) Area. In this respect, the Build up land (Urban /
Rural) area scorers 6.28% of the total area. It has also been found that about 17155.001ha (19.60 %) of
area is covered by current fallow land. The double/triple crop land of 30178.44ha (34.84%). The area
covered by gullied / ravines is 1539.20 ha (1.75 %) and that of the kharif crop land is 2828.00 ha (3.23 %).
The area covered by other wasteland is 2551.05ha (2.91%). Table 4.1 shows the area distribution of the
various land use and land cover of Allahabad city.
Urban Land Cover Change Detection Analysis and Modelling Spatio-Temporal Grow...Bayes Ahmed
This is my final Mater thesis presentation. The thesis defense was held on March' 07, 2011 at 15:30 in the seminar room of Universitat Jaume I (UJI), Castellón, Spain.
Change detection analysis in land use / land cover of Pune city using remotel...Nitin Mundhe
Lecture delivered in the National Conference entitled “Monitoring Degraded Lands” jointly organized by Agasti Arts, Commerce and Dadasaheb Rupwate Science
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In 2017 Hurricanes Harvey, Irma, and Maria caused catastrophic damage to coastal regions in the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and Atlantic Ocean, and the 2018 season further contributed to coastal and inland damage with Hurricanes Florence and Michael. Recent forecasts suggest that these high intensity seasons may be representative of a “new normal,†with a greater number of Category 3-5 storms making landfall in the U.S. (Klotzbach and Bell, 2018). Theserecent hurricane seasons have emphasized the need for coastal engineers, scientists, and stakeholders to seek innovative solutions to improve coastal resiliency and effectively mitigate damage during extreme events. In order to mitigate damage, it is critical to better understand the wave transformation during overland flow conditions as well as to identify relationships between wave loading and structural response. document the vulnerability of coastal residences to damage during Hurricane Ike (2008) on the Bolivar Peninsula, TX and Hurricane Irma (2016) in Key West and Big Pine Key, FL. Results identified the need to objectively characterize structural damage as well as to better understand overland wave propagation and transformation in the presence of macroroughness elements such as buildings and rigid vegetation. Natural shorelines (mangroves) were identified as effectively withstanding storm surge flooding and riding waves associated with Hurricane Irma, and further prevented damage to inland structures, showing the parcel scale benefits of natural and nature based features. While natural and nature-based features have potential to serve as sustainable coastal engineering solutions, their engineering performance as well as limitations must be quantified.
Vinalhaven, Maine hosted a Design & Resilience Team (DART) in October 2017 to produce a strategy on adaptation to sea-level rise, downtown revitalization, and livability.
Extreme weather is becoming more common in our region. Flood events can impact human health and safety, and result in substantial costs to property and infrastructure. Geared toward municipal decision makers and concerned citizens, this forum provides on-the-ground examples of flood resilience strategies that can help Hudson Valley communities minimize risks while conserving financial resources.
Presentation by Gregg Swanzey, Director of the Office of Economic Development and Strategic Partnerships, City of Kingston and Libby Murphy, Climate Outreach Specialist,
Hudson River Estuary Program, NYSDEC for a flood management forum hosted by the Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies in Millbrook, NY on May 4, 2013.
Shoreline Change Special Area Management Plan (Beach SAMP) Stakeholder Meeting. Held on July 14, 2015. The purpose of the meeting was to review progress to date on development of tools, and discuss the next phase of the Beach SAMP porject.
Sea Level Rise & the Conservation of Wetlands: Issues and Opportunities for C...riseagrant
Incorporating SLAMM Maps and Recommendation into Local Plans
Chelsea Siefert, RI Statewide Planning Program
Teresa Crean, URI Coastal Resources Center / RI Sea Grant
Visions for a Flood Resilient Waterfront: Examples from the Kingston Floodin...Libby Zemaitis
In NYS, we're convening Municipal Waterfront Flooding Task Forces so community members can do a deep dive into their flood risks, vulnerability and adaptation options. The process includes a Cost Benefit Analysis of adaptation scenarios and culminates in a final report and recommendations. You can learn about our process in Kingston, NY here.
If you want to stay updated on our latest projects, events, and funding and job opportunities, please sign up for our Climate Resiliency Newsletter:
https://public.govdelivery.com/accounts/NYSDEC/subscriber/new?topic_id=NYSDEC_147
Characterization and the Kinetics of drying at the drying oven and with micro...Open Access Research Paper
The objective of this work is to contribute to valorization de Nephelium lappaceum by the characterization of kinetics of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum. The seeds were dehydrated until a constant mass respectively in a drying oven and a microwawe oven. The temperatures and the powers of drying are respectively: 50, 60 and 70°C and 140, 280 and 420 W. The results show that the curves of drying of seeds of Nephelium lappaceum do not present a phase of constant kinetics. The coefficients of diffusion vary between 2.09.10-8 to 2.98. 10-8m-2/s in the interval of 50°C at 70°C and between 4.83×10-07 at 9.04×10-07 m-8/s for the powers going of 140 W with 420 W the relation between Arrhenius and a value of energy of activation of 16.49 kJ. mol-1 expressed the effect of the temperature on effective diffusivity.
UNDERSTANDING WHAT GREEN WASHING IS!.pdfJulietMogola
Many companies today use green washing to lure the public into thinking they are conserving the environment but in real sense they are doing more harm. There have been such several cases from very big companies here in Kenya and also globally. This ranges from various sectors from manufacturing and goes to consumer products. Educating people on greenwashing will enable people to make better choices based on their analysis and not on what they see on marketing sites.
WRI’s brand new “Food Service Playbook for Promoting Sustainable Food Choices” gives food service operators the very latest strategies for creating dining environments that empower consumers to choose sustainable, plant-rich dishes. This research builds off our first guide for food service, now with industry experience and insights from nearly 350 academic trials.
Improving the viability of probiotics by encapsulation methods for developmen...Open Access Research Paper
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Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies.EpconLP
Epcon is One of the World's leading Manufacturing Companies. With over 4000 installations worldwide, EPCON has been pioneering new techniques since 1977 that have become industry standards now. Founded in 1977, Epcon has grown from a one-man operation to a global leader in developing and manufacturing innovative air pollution control technology and industrial heating equipment.
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ENVIRONMENT~ Renewable Energy Sources and their future prospects.tiwarimanvi3129
This presentation is for us to know that how our Environment need Attention for protection of our natural resources which are depleted day by day that's why we need to take time and shift our attention to renewable energy sources instead of non-renewable sources which are better and Eco-friendly for our environment. these renewable energy sources are so helpful for our planet and for every living organism which depends on environment.
"Understanding the Carbon Cycle: Processes, Human Impacts, and Strategies for...MMariSelvam4
The carbon cycle is a critical component of Earth's environmental system, governing the movement and transformation of carbon through various reservoirs, including the atmosphere, oceans, soil, and living organisms. This complex cycle involves several key processes such as photosynthesis, respiration, decomposition, and carbon sequestration, each contributing to the regulation of carbon levels on the planet.
Human activities, particularly fossil fuel combustion and deforestation, have significantly altered the natural carbon cycle, leading to increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations and driving climate change. Understanding the intricacies of the carbon cycle is essential for assessing the impacts of these changes and developing effective mitigation strategies.
By studying the carbon cycle, scientists can identify carbon sources and sinks, measure carbon fluxes, and predict future trends. This knowledge is crucial for crafting policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions, enhancing carbon storage, and promoting sustainable practices. The carbon cycle's interplay with climate systems, ecosystems, and human activities underscores its importance in maintaining a stable and healthy planet.
In-depth exploration of the carbon cycle reveals the delicate balance required to sustain life and the urgent need to address anthropogenic influences. Through research, education, and policy, we can work towards restoring equilibrium in the carbon cycle and ensuring a sustainable future for generations to come.
Presented by The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action at GLF Peatlands 2024 - The Global Peatlands Assessment: Mapping, Policy, and Action
Wildlife-AnIntroduction.pdf so that you know more about our environment
Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts, Time for Retreat?
1. Guy Billout, “Civil Engineering” Atlantic Monthly (2001)
Shoreline Change in Urban Massachusetts: Time for Retreat? Porter Hoagland Marine Policy Center Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Lisa Granquist Ph.D. Candidate Law & Public Policy Northeastern University AAAS February 2013
2. “The ocean is huge, powerful, and eternal. Puny man can scarcely expect to win by overwhelming it, and anyone who counters its attack with brute-force solutions is doomed to expensive disappointment.”
Willard Bascom
Waves and Beaches
(1961)
http://www.panoramio.com/photo/34182602
Minot Beach Community Scituate, MA 2010
3. Some Relevant Socio-economic Studies
Sea-level rise (Yohe et al.): Normative
Erosion risk (Kriesel et al.): Positive
Also:
•
Barrier alterations and vulnerability (McNamara, Werner)
•
Beach nourishment between linked communities (Slott)
•
Coordinated management of curved beaches (Jin, Ashton)
•
Beaches and coastal property values (Landry, Pompe, Edwards)
•
Optimal nourishment of beaches (Smith, Murray, Gopalakrishnan)
•
Non-market values (Landry, Parsons, Whitehead)
4. Adaptation in the Face of Sea-Level Rise (Yohe et al.)
•
Socially optimal timing:
•
Delay
•
Protect
•
Abandon
Sea Ranch, CA 2009
Chatham, MA 2009
Springhill Beach Sandwich, MA 2008
Springhill Beach Sandwich, MA 2008
Massachusetts coastal urban areas
5. Urban Areas
•
Urban areas comprise urbanized areas (UAs) and urban clusters (UCs)
•
An “urbanized area” is an urban area of 50,000 or more people
•
An “urban cluster” is an urban area of between 2,500 to 50,000 people
•
Dark blue indicates 80-100% of the coastal Massachusetts population resides in urban areas (with the exceptions of Dukes and Nantucket counties)
http://www.census.gov/geo/www/maps/2010_census_UA_maps/imgs/UA2010_Urban_Pop_Map.pdf
6. Massachusetts South Shore
•
Combination of urbanized areas and urban clusters
•
Hingham 22,157
•
Hull 10,293
•
Cohasset 7,542
•
Scituate 18,133
•
Marshfield 25,132
•
Duxbury 15,059
•
Kingston 12,629
•
Plymouth 56,468
•
Bourne 19,754
•
Sandwich 20,675
•
TOTAL 207,842 people
http://www2.census.gov/geo/maps/dc10map/UAUC_RefMap/ua/ua09271_boston_ma--nh--ri/DC10UA09271.pdf
8. “If the [coastal engineer] builds any new shoreline facilities that stop the flow of sand, there will be trouble both at the place where the sand stops and the place where it would have gone.”
Willard Bascom (1961)
http://www.marineinsight.com/misc/marine-safety/a-barrier-with-a-difference-sea-walls/
“Sea walls are extremely utilitarian … it becomes important to build such preventive structures in order to lessen the menace of … natural calamities and to assure the people of their safety through a very visible, physically demonstrative and effective barrier.” MarineInsight.com (2010)
9. Problems with Massachusetts Hard Structures
www.bostonglobe.com/metro/2013/02/09/lose-power-storm-expected-continue-into-midday/1I0rzzSPGsdJ58jf0LfFIK/picture.html
http://www.boston.com/yourtown/scituate/articles/2011/05/29/scituate_sea_wall_repairs_to_be_done_in_several_cycles/
“Attempting to halt the natural process of erosion with seawalls and other hard structures … simply shifts the problem, subjecting downdrift property owners to similar losses.”
“…the undermining of sea walls, some of which are many decades old, can result in significant economic and emotional loss in a system of fixed property lines and ownership. “
Both quotes are from the “Draft Old Colony Hazard Mitigation Plan” (2012)
Scituate, MA “Winter Storm Nemo” (February 2013)
10. •
MCZM now compiling data on vintages, conditions, repair costs
•
Many gaps in the data
•
Ownership (=> responsibility for maintenance) sometimes unclear
•
Est. ~$700 million to repair
12. Estimating Erosion Costs (Kriesel et al.)
•
Data on the geographic position of shorelines over time => shoreline change rates
•
Measure the distances from coastal properties to the shorelines
•
Calculate the “time to inundation” for coastal properties
•
Estimate the costs of erosion risks using hedonic pricing approaches
20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 0102030405060708090100expected years away from the shoreline % of 200 yr value Kriesel Atlantic1978-1994 Linear Model1952-2005 Linear Model
13. A Negotiated Solution? (Kriesel et al. 2000)
•
Inland property owners observe significant premiums in home values due to the existence of beaches for recreation in front of proximate waterfront properties
•
As erosion occurs, waterfront property owners seek to protect their properties with hard structures (seawalls, revetments)
•
often waterfront property owners have the legal right to do this …
•
“In theory,” to protect their own home values, inland property owners could pay waterfront property owners to forego hard structural protections or to replenish sand on the beach
14. A Negotiated Solution in Massachusetts?
•
But in Massachusetts, private property rights extend to mean low water (i.e., there is only very limited access by inland property owners—fishing and fowling)
•
Hard structural responses are already widespread
•
Wetlands Protection Act attempts to control hard structuring (but pre-existing structures, grandfathering, variances, illicit activity)
•
Nevertheless, there may still be an externality due to the increased risks of erosion to properties adjacent to structures
•
Consequently, there may be an opportunity for a negotiated solution among waterfront property owners
16. Harlow’s Landing Plymouth, MA
•
Structure(s): 172’ Revetment (with some seawall sections), built circa 1959(?); another structure attached and extending to the north
•
Shorelines:
•
Before: 1909, 1952
•
After: 1978, 1994
•
Challenges:
•
Accuracies of shoreline measurements
•
Accelerated SLR?
17. Economic Effects
•
Can estimate increased costs of risks faced by properties with no structures (both waterfront and inland) near waterfront properties with structures with Kriesel et al. approach (hedonic pricing models)
•
Challenges:
•
Data limitations (Shorelines, Structures, Vintages)
•
Statewide problem?
•
Public areas (Beaches, Wetlands)
19. Potential Policy Solutions
•
Uncertainty makes negotiated solutions problematic
•
Retreat from the coast likely now optimal in many places
1.
FEMA’s Hazard Mitigation Grant Program
•
Purchase coastal properties and prohibit development
•
State/Local Hazard Mitigation Plans
•
Presidential declared disaster area
•
Cost of repair > 50% of home value
•
Must have “willing” sellers
•
FEMA (75%); State/local (25%)
•
Open space, recreation, or wetlands management
2.
NPS’s “reservations of use and occupancy”
Boston Region Metropolitan Planning Orgsanization “All Hazards Planning”
http://www.town.scituate.ma.us/flood/Scituate_Hazard_Mitigation_Plan.pdf
20. Acknowledgements
Funding:
•
NSF/CNH
•
WHOI Coastal Ocean Institute
•
WHOI Marine Policy Center
•
Data and Analysis:
•
Andy Beet
•
Jim O’Connell
•
Rob Thieler
•
Other colleagues:
•
Andrew Ashton
•
Ilya Buynevich
•
Jeff Donnelly
•
Steve Eberbach
•
Rob Evans
•
Di Jin
•
Hauke Kite-Powell
•
Jorge Lorenzo-Trueba