TEACHING STRATEGIES
What is teaching?
Qualities of an Effective Teacher
Different Styles
Different Strategies
Ideas and Discussion
Presentation Overview
TEACHING
The mind is not a vessel that needs filling, but wood
that needs igniting.
Plutarch AD 46 – AD 120
EDUCATION IS NOT LEARNING OF FACTS, BUT
THE TRAINING OF THE MIND TO THINK.
Albert Einstein 1879- 1955
WHAT IS TEACHING?
CsCommunication
Collaboration
Critical
Thinking
Creativity
Choice
Caring
QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE TEACHERS
INTEREST AND EXPLANATION:
ONLY WHEN OUR INTEREST IS AROUSED IN SOMETHING, WE ENJOY
WORKING HARD AT IT.
CONCERN AND RESPECT FOR STUDENTS AND STUDENT LEARNING:
MAKING A SUBJECT SEEM MORE DIFFICULT THAN IT ACTUALLY IS,
IS A MASQUERADE. GOOD TEACHING IS NOT MAKING THINGS
“HARD”.
QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE TEACHERS
APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENT AND FEEDBACK:
USING A VARIETY OF ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES AVOIDS
MEMORIZING. FEEDBACK IS A POWERFUL MOTIVATOR.
CLEAR GOALS AND INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGE:
SETTING HIGH STANDARDS AND CLEAR GOALS ARE VERY MOTIVATING.
QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVE TEACHERS
INDEPENDENCE, CONTROL, AND ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT:
CREATING A SENSE OF STUDENT CONTROL OVER LEARNING AND
INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT MATTER BY PREPARING SUITABLE TASKS
TO THEIR LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING.
LEARNING FROM STUDENTS:
GOOD TEACHING IS OPEN TO CHANGE, IT NEEDS MODIFICATIONS IN
ACCORDANCE WITH THE EVIDENCE COLLECTED.
DIFFERENT STYLES
AUTHORITY / LECTURE STYLE
•TEACHER-CENTERED
•LONG LECTURE SESSIONS
•ONE WAY PRESENTATIONS / TRANSACTION
•STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO TAKE NOTES/ABSORB INFORMATION
CERTAIN HIGHER EDUCATION DISCIPLINES
AUDITORIUM SETTINGS WITH LARGE GROUPS
SUBJECTS LIKE HISTORY THAT NECESSITATE MEMORIZING NAMES, DATES, ETC.
 LITTLE / NO INTERACTION WITH THE TEACHER
 LITTLE / NO INTERACTION AMONG THE LEARNERS
DEMONSTRATOR/COACH STYLE
• FORMAL AUTHORITY ROLE
• TEACHERS DEMONSTRATE THEIR EXPERTISE BY SHOWING STUDENTS WHAT THEY NEED TO KNOW
VARIETY OF FORMATS (LECTURES, PRESENTATIONS,ETC.)
 DIFFICULT FOR INDIVIDUAL NEEDS IN LARGE GROUPS
FACILITATOR / ACTIVITY STYLE
• PROMOTE SELF-LEARNING
• HELP DEVELOP CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS
• SELF-ACTUALIZATION
ASK QUESTIONSAND FIND ANSWERS BY EXPLORATION
IDEAL FOR SCIENCE SUBJECTS
 TEACHER MUST BE WELL PREPARED TO GUIDE STUDENTS TOWARDS DISCOVERY RATHER THAN LECTURING
 NO TESTING KNOWLEDGE THROUGH MEMORIZATION
DELEGATOR / GROUP STYLE
• BEST FOR CURRICULUM THAT REQUIRES LAB ACTIVITIES (CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY, DEBATE, CREATIVE
WRITING)
TEACHER IS AN OBSERVER INSPIRESSTUDENTS BY WORKING TOWARDS COMMONGOALS
 TEACHER IS NOT A TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY FIGURE
HYBRID/BLENDED STYLE
• INTEGRATED APPROACH TO TEACHING THAT BLENDS TEACHERS’ PERSONALITY AND INTEREST WITH
STUDENTS’ NEEDS AND CURRICULUM-APPROPRIATE METHODS.
TEACHERS CAN TAILOR THEIR STYLES TO STUDENTS NEEDS AND SUBJECT MATTER
 TRYING TO BE TOO MANY THINGS TO ALL STUDENTS CAN BE TIRING
WHATEVER STYLE
ENGAGE YOUR STUDENTS IN THE LEARNING PROCESS
DEVELOP EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT SKILLS
IMPOSE LESSON MASTERY
COMMUNICATE HIGH EXPECTATIONS CLEARLY
DIFFERENT TEACHING
STRATEGIES
LECTURE
• TOP 1 PASSIVE METHOD
• NEARLY 80%
EASY TO COMMUNICATE LARGE CHUNKS OF INFORMATION TO LARGE AMOUNT OF LISTENERS
MAXIMIZES INSTRUCTOR CONTROL
NON-THREATENING TO STUDENTS
MINIMIZES FEEDBACK FROM STUDENT
ASSUMES UNREALISTIC LEVEL OF STUDENT UNDERSTANDING
DETACHES STUDENTS FROM THE LEARNING PROCESS
CASE METHOD
• CLASSROOM LEARNING IS APPLIED TO REAL LIFE
EXPERIENCES
• EFFECTIVE WAY OF DISSEMINATING AND INTEGRATING
KNOWLEDGE
• STUDENTS ARE ENGAGED IN ACTIVE DISCUSSIONS
ABOUT ISSUES IN PRACTICAL APPLICATION
THERE ARE VARIETY OF SOURCES INCLUDING
CURRENT EVENTS EXPOSING THE COMPLEXITY OF
SOLVING CRITICAL SOCIAL PROBLEMS
DISCUSSION
• A SUCCESSFUL PARTICIPATORY TEACHING STRATEGY
• BEGINNING A LESSON WITH A DISCUSSION WILL
REFRESH
MEMORIES ABOUT THE ASSIGNMENT
• USE DISCUSSIONS TO GENERATE IDEAS
TEACHER MUST PLAN CAREFULLY
STUDENT MUST PREPARE
ACTIVE LEARNING
• STUDENTS APPLY WHAT THEY ARE LEARNING
• THEY TALK, LISTEN, READ, WRITE AND REFLECT AS THEY APPROACH COURSE CONTENT THROUGH
• PROBLEM SOLVING EXERCISES
• SMALL GROUPS
• SIMULATIONS
• CASE STUDIES
• ROLE PLAYING
Grading contributions
can be problematic
Teaching strategies
should match the
teaching objective of the
particular lesson.
COOPERATIVE/GROUP LEARNING
• ENCOURAGES SMALL GROUPS TO WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A COMMON GOAL.
• FACULTY AND STUDENT INVOLVEMENT IN THE LEARNING PROCESS IS EMPHASIZED.
CAREFUL PLANNING AND PREPARATION IS MANDATORY
GROUP FORMING
ENSURING POSITIVE INTERDEPENDENCE
MAINTAINING INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTABILITY
RESOLVING GROUP CONFLICT
DEVELOPING APPROPRIATE ASSIGNMENTS AND RUBRICS
MANAGING LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
AUTONOMOUS LEARNING
AN AUTONOMOUS LEARNER
• CAN ACCESS AND MANAGE INFORMATION TO FIND SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS
• CAN USE EXPERIENCES TO MAKE DECISIONS
• CAN UNDERSTAND HIS/HER OWN LEARNING STYLE
• CAN HELP OTHERS LEARN
• CAN BRING SOLUTIONS TO COMPLEX PROBLEMS
HOW CAN WE ACHIEVE THIS?

Teaching strategies

  • 1.
  • 2.
    What is teaching? Qualitiesof an Effective Teacher Different Styles Different Strategies Ideas and Discussion Presentation Overview
  • 3.
  • 4.
    The mind isnot a vessel that needs filling, but wood that needs igniting. Plutarch AD 46 – AD 120
  • 5.
    EDUCATION IS NOTLEARNING OF FACTS, BUT THE TRAINING OF THE MIND TO THINK. Albert Einstein 1879- 1955
  • 6.
  • 7.
    QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVETEACHERS INTEREST AND EXPLANATION: ONLY WHEN OUR INTEREST IS AROUSED IN SOMETHING, WE ENJOY WORKING HARD AT IT. CONCERN AND RESPECT FOR STUDENTS AND STUDENT LEARNING: MAKING A SUBJECT SEEM MORE DIFFICULT THAN IT ACTUALLY IS, IS A MASQUERADE. GOOD TEACHING IS NOT MAKING THINGS “HARD”.
  • 8.
    QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVETEACHERS APPROPRIATE ASSESSMENT AND FEEDBACK: USING A VARIETY OF ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUES AVOIDS MEMORIZING. FEEDBACK IS A POWERFUL MOTIVATOR. CLEAR GOALS AND INTELLECTUAL CHALLENGE: SETTING HIGH STANDARDS AND CLEAR GOALS ARE VERY MOTIVATING.
  • 9.
    QUALITIES OF EFFECTIVETEACHERS INDEPENDENCE, CONTROL, AND ACTIVE ENGAGEMENT: CREATING A SENSE OF STUDENT CONTROL OVER LEARNING AND INTEREST IN THE SUBJECT MATTER BY PREPARING SUITABLE TASKS TO THEIR LEVEL OF UNDERSTANDING. LEARNING FROM STUDENTS: GOOD TEACHING IS OPEN TO CHANGE, IT NEEDS MODIFICATIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE EVIDENCE COLLECTED.
  • 10.
  • 11.
    AUTHORITY / LECTURESTYLE •TEACHER-CENTERED •LONG LECTURE SESSIONS •ONE WAY PRESENTATIONS / TRANSACTION •STUDENTS ARE EXPECTED TO TAKE NOTES/ABSORB INFORMATION CERTAIN HIGHER EDUCATION DISCIPLINES AUDITORIUM SETTINGS WITH LARGE GROUPS SUBJECTS LIKE HISTORY THAT NECESSITATE MEMORIZING NAMES, DATES, ETC.  LITTLE / NO INTERACTION WITH THE TEACHER  LITTLE / NO INTERACTION AMONG THE LEARNERS
  • 12.
    DEMONSTRATOR/COACH STYLE • FORMALAUTHORITY ROLE • TEACHERS DEMONSTRATE THEIR EXPERTISE BY SHOWING STUDENTS WHAT THEY NEED TO KNOW VARIETY OF FORMATS (LECTURES, PRESENTATIONS,ETC.)  DIFFICULT FOR INDIVIDUAL NEEDS IN LARGE GROUPS
  • 13.
    FACILITATOR / ACTIVITYSTYLE • PROMOTE SELF-LEARNING • HELP DEVELOP CRITICAL THINKING SKILLS • SELF-ACTUALIZATION ASK QUESTIONSAND FIND ANSWERS BY EXPLORATION IDEAL FOR SCIENCE SUBJECTS  TEACHER MUST BE WELL PREPARED TO GUIDE STUDENTS TOWARDS DISCOVERY RATHER THAN LECTURING  NO TESTING KNOWLEDGE THROUGH MEMORIZATION
  • 14.
    DELEGATOR / GROUPSTYLE • BEST FOR CURRICULUM THAT REQUIRES LAB ACTIVITIES (CHEMISTRY, BIOLOGY, DEBATE, CREATIVE WRITING) TEACHER IS AN OBSERVER INSPIRESSTUDENTS BY WORKING TOWARDS COMMONGOALS  TEACHER IS NOT A TRADITIONAL AUTHORITY FIGURE
  • 15.
    HYBRID/BLENDED STYLE • INTEGRATEDAPPROACH TO TEACHING THAT BLENDS TEACHERS’ PERSONALITY AND INTEREST WITH STUDENTS’ NEEDS AND CURRICULUM-APPROPRIATE METHODS. TEACHERS CAN TAILOR THEIR STYLES TO STUDENTS NEEDS AND SUBJECT MATTER  TRYING TO BE TOO MANY THINGS TO ALL STUDENTS CAN BE TIRING
  • 16.
    WHATEVER STYLE ENGAGE YOURSTUDENTS IN THE LEARNING PROCESS DEVELOP EFFECTIVE CLASSROOM MANAGEMENT SKILLS IMPOSE LESSON MASTERY COMMUNICATE HIGH EXPECTATIONS CLEARLY
  • 17.
  • 18.
    LECTURE • TOP 1PASSIVE METHOD • NEARLY 80% EASY TO COMMUNICATE LARGE CHUNKS OF INFORMATION TO LARGE AMOUNT OF LISTENERS MAXIMIZES INSTRUCTOR CONTROL NON-THREATENING TO STUDENTS MINIMIZES FEEDBACK FROM STUDENT ASSUMES UNREALISTIC LEVEL OF STUDENT UNDERSTANDING DETACHES STUDENTS FROM THE LEARNING PROCESS
  • 19.
    CASE METHOD • CLASSROOMLEARNING IS APPLIED TO REAL LIFE EXPERIENCES • EFFECTIVE WAY OF DISSEMINATING AND INTEGRATING KNOWLEDGE • STUDENTS ARE ENGAGED IN ACTIVE DISCUSSIONS ABOUT ISSUES IN PRACTICAL APPLICATION THERE ARE VARIETY OF SOURCES INCLUDING CURRENT EVENTS EXPOSING THE COMPLEXITY OF SOLVING CRITICAL SOCIAL PROBLEMS
  • 20.
    DISCUSSION • A SUCCESSFULPARTICIPATORY TEACHING STRATEGY • BEGINNING A LESSON WITH A DISCUSSION WILL REFRESH MEMORIES ABOUT THE ASSIGNMENT • USE DISCUSSIONS TO GENERATE IDEAS TEACHER MUST PLAN CAREFULLY STUDENT MUST PREPARE
  • 21.
    ACTIVE LEARNING • STUDENTSAPPLY WHAT THEY ARE LEARNING • THEY TALK, LISTEN, READ, WRITE AND REFLECT AS THEY APPROACH COURSE CONTENT THROUGH • PROBLEM SOLVING EXERCISES • SMALL GROUPS • SIMULATIONS • CASE STUDIES • ROLE PLAYING Grading contributions can be problematic Teaching strategies should match the teaching objective of the particular lesson.
  • 22.
    COOPERATIVE/GROUP LEARNING • ENCOURAGESSMALL GROUPS TO WORK TOGETHER TO ACHIEVE A COMMON GOAL. • FACULTY AND STUDENT INVOLVEMENT IN THE LEARNING PROCESS IS EMPHASIZED. CAREFUL PLANNING AND PREPARATION IS MANDATORY GROUP FORMING ENSURING POSITIVE INTERDEPENDENCE MAINTAINING INDIVIDUAL ACCOUNTABILITY RESOLVING GROUP CONFLICT DEVELOPING APPROPRIATE ASSIGNMENTS AND RUBRICS MANAGING LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS
  • 23.
  • 24.
    AN AUTONOMOUS LEARNER •CAN ACCESS AND MANAGE INFORMATION TO FIND SOLUTIONS TO PROBLEMS • CAN USE EXPERIENCES TO MAKE DECISIONS • CAN UNDERSTAND HIS/HER OWN LEARNING STYLE • CAN HELP OTHERS LEARN • CAN BRING SOLUTIONS TO COMPLEX PROBLEMS
  • 25.
    HOW CAN WEACHIEVE THIS?