The ppt is about trends in teaching technology from traditional
methods to latest ones leading to advancement in scope & enhancement of education standards & students interest.
Technology in Teaching and Learning : useful slides for the researchers, academicians and in any field of education at all levels of such as Primary, secondary, higher secondary, and higher education. Can be used both by the teachers as instructional materials, students as learning materials, researchers as references and reviews, and organizations for training purposes. Can be used as innovative teaching method, innovative instructional strategies in teaching contents. Also useful in teaching various subjects like Physics, chemistry, Botany, Zoology, Tamil, English and maths and other subjects. Involves EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, Educational Technology-Objectives, Scope of Educational Technology, Technology in Education, Technology of Education, Teaching with technology, Technology Usage in the Classroom, Technology can enhance teaching and learning .
BEST PRACTICES FOR USING TECHNOLOGY ,
ICT literacy basically involves using digital technology, communication tools and/or access, manage, integrate, evaluate and create information in order to function in a knowledge society.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher-centered to student-centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks. Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
Technology in Teaching and Learning : useful slides for the researchers, academicians and in any field of education at all levels of such as Primary, secondary, higher secondary, and higher education. Can be used both by the teachers as instructional materials, students as learning materials, researchers as references and reviews, and organizations for training purposes. Can be used as innovative teaching method, innovative instructional strategies in teaching contents. Also useful in teaching various subjects like Physics, chemistry, Botany, Zoology, Tamil, English and maths and other subjects. Involves EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY, Educational Technology-Objectives, Scope of Educational Technology, Technology in Education, Technology of Education, Teaching with technology, Technology Usage in the Classroom, Technology can enhance teaching and learning .
BEST PRACTICES FOR USING TECHNOLOGY ,
ICT literacy basically involves using digital technology, communication tools and/or access, manage, integrate, evaluate and create information in order to function in a knowledge society.
Globally, educational systems are adopting new technologies to integrate ICT in the teaching and learning process, to prepare students with the knowledge and skills they need in their subject matter. In this way the teaching profession is evolving from teacher-centered to student-centered learning environments. ICT integration is understood as the usage of technology seamlessly for educational processes like transacting curricular content and students working on technology to do authentic tasks. Nowadays ICT facilitate not only the delivery of lessons but also the learning process itself. This includes computer based technologies, digital imaging, the internet, file servers, data storage devices, network infrastructure, desktops, laptops and broadcasting technologies namely radio and television, and telephone which are used as instructional tools at schools.
This is a research-based slide presentation which talks about the use of ICT: its benefits, significance, as well as various strategies which help the pre-service and the in-service teacher.
This was for EDUC 203 (Facilitating Learning).
This was the topic after Constructivism.
Includes Types of Transfer, Reasons Why Transfer Doesn't Work and Conditions and Principles for Transfer.
The Nature of Teaching
Teaching is a process that facilitates learning.
Teaching is the specialized application of knowledge, skills and attributes designed to provide unique service to meet the educational needs of the individual and the society.
Teaching emphasizes the development of values and guides students in their social relationships.
What is a Profession?
A profession is an occupation that involves specialised training and formal qualification before one is allowed to practice or work.
Society and community place a great deal of trust in the professions.
A formal qualification (university or college diploma, degree) gained over time.
Specialized Knowledge (e.g. teaching secondary Mathematics)
License or permission to practice
Exhibits high agreed standards of behavior and practice
Someone with high personal standards and values
.............................................
Meaning, characteristics of learner-centered teaching, characteristics learner-centered learning, Need for learner-centered approaches in teaching, advantages, learner-centered teaching vs teacher-centered learning, teaching, Learner - centered techniques of teaching and their advantages.
Information & Communication technologies are “technological tools and resources that are used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store & manage information”
- C. Blurton
They “include hardware, software & netware, as well as institutional, financial, cultural & application- related parameters that determine how ICTs will be shaped and developed by society at large”
–The Research Council of Norway
Instructional Technology is the theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning.
Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware, as well as considering theoretical perspectives for their effective application.
Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware, as well as considering theoretical perspectives for their effective application.
According to the Association for Educational Communication and Technology (AECT, 2008) it is possible to define educational technology as “the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources” (Richey et al. 2008).
Engineers, technicians, and technologists:
technology as a tool for material construction based
on a systematic engineering knowledge of how to
design artifacts
Social scientists:
technology as a process for material construction
based on the organization of knowledge for the
achievement of practical purposes and also based
on any tool or technique of doing or making by
which capacity is extended (Luppicini 2005).
This is a research-based slide presentation which talks about the use of ICT: its benefits, significance, as well as various strategies which help the pre-service and the in-service teacher.
This was for EDUC 203 (Facilitating Learning).
This was the topic after Constructivism.
Includes Types of Transfer, Reasons Why Transfer Doesn't Work and Conditions and Principles for Transfer.
The Nature of Teaching
Teaching is a process that facilitates learning.
Teaching is the specialized application of knowledge, skills and attributes designed to provide unique service to meet the educational needs of the individual and the society.
Teaching emphasizes the development of values and guides students in their social relationships.
What is a Profession?
A profession is an occupation that involves specialised training and formal qualification before one is allowed to practice or work.
Society and community place a great deal of trust in the professions.
A formal qualification (university or college diploma, degree) gained over time.
Specialized Knowledge (e.g. teaching secondary Mathematics)
License or permission to practice
Exhibits high agreed standards of behavior and practice
Someone with high personal standards and values
.............................................
Meaning, characteristics of learner-centered teaching, characteristics learner-centered learning, Need for learner-centered approaches in teaching, advantages, learner-centered teaching vs teacher-centered learning, teaching, Learner - centered techniques of teaching and their advantages.
Information & Communication technologies are “technological tools and resources that are used to communicate, and to create, disseminate, store & manage information”
- C. Blurton
They “include hardware, software & netware, as well as institutional, financial, cultural & application- related parameters that determine how ICTs will be shaped and developed by society at large”
–The Research Council of Norway
Instructional Technology is the theory and practice of design, development, utilization, management, and evaluation of processes and resources for learning.
Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware, as well as considering theoretical perspectives for their effective application.
Educational technology is the effective use of technological tools in learning. As a concept, it concerns an array of tools, such as media, machines and networking hardware, as well as considering theoretical perspectives for their effective application.
According to the Association for Educational Communication and Technology (AECT, 2008) it is possible to define educational technology as “the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using and managing appropriate technological processes and resources” (Richey et al. 2008).
Engineers, technicians, and technologists:
technology as a tool for material construction based
on a systematic engineering knowledge of how to
design artifacts
Social scientists:
technology as a process for material construction
based on the organization of knowledge for the
achievement of practical purposes and also based
on any tool or technique of doing or making by
which capacity is extended (Luppicini 2005).
I was asked to present a presentation on "How cautious should we be when adopting digital technology in Education?" We should remain very cautious. Even the that which is presented as the best, remains nothing more than content replication.
The term ‘teaching aid’ is composed of two words— teaching and aid.
Teaching is the act of facilitating learning and aid means help or assistance.
An old proverb also explains the same view:
I hear and forget.
I see and remember
I do and I understand.
This ppt gives information about traditional TLMs like boards, flashcards, models (2D & 3D), and different types of boards, and also about modern TLMs like a computer, CCTV, TV, teleconferencing, and the like.
Encephalitis is a rare yet serious disease that can be life-threatening.
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue.
The most common cause is viral infections.
In rare cases it can be caused by bacteria or even fungi.
Encephalitis is an inflammation of the brain tissue.
Primary encephalitis- It occurs when a virus directly infects the brain and spinal cord.
Secondary encephalitis- It occurs when an infection starts elsewhere in the body and then travels to your brain.
Older adults
Children under the age of 1 year
People with weak immune systems
Primary (infectious) encephalitis
Common viruses, including HSV (herpes simplex virus) and EBV (Epstein-Barr virus)
Childhood viruses, including measles and mumps
Arboviruses (spread by mosquitoes, ticks, and other insects), including Japanese encephalitis, West Nile encephalitis, and tick-borne encephalitis
Secondary encephalitis: could be caused by a complication of a viral infection.
Craniotomy
A craniotomy involves making an incision in the scalp and creating a hole known as a bone flap in the skull. The hole and incision are made near the area of the brain being treated.
During open brain surgery, it is done to remove tumors, clip off an aneurysm, drain blood or fluid from an infection & remove abnormal brain tissue
Decompressive craniectomy
It is a neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling brain room to expand without being squeezed. It is performed on victims of traumatic brain injury, stroke and other conditions associated with raised intracranial pressure.
Increased intracranial pressure is defined as cerebrospinal fluid pressure greater than 15 mm Hg.
Infections
Tumors
Stroke
Aneurysm
Epilepsy
Seizures
Hydrocephalus
Hypertensive brain injury
Hypoxemia
Meningitis
Due to etiological factors
Components of ICP is disturbed- brain tissue, CSF, blood volume
An increase in the volume of ANY ONE component must be accompanied by a reciprocal decrease in one of the other components.
When this volume-pressure relationship becomes unbalanced, ICP increases.
There are numerous types of brain surgery. The type used is based on the area of the brain and the condition being treated.
Brain surgery is a critical and complicated process. The type of brain surgery done depends highly on the condition being treated.
Intracranial surgery refers to various medical procedures that involve repairing structural problems in the brain.
Craniotomy
A craniotomy involves making an incision in the scalp and creating a hole known as a bone flap in the skull. The hole and incision are made near the area of the brain being treated.
During open brain surgery, it is done to remove tumors, clip off an aneurysm, drain blood or fluid from an infection & remove abnormal brain tissue
Decompressive craniectomy
It is a neurosurgical procedure in which part of the skull is removed to allow a swelling brain room to expand without being squeezed. It is performed on victims of traumatic brain injury, stroke and other conditions associated with raised intracranial pressure.
Drugs that increase cardiac output
Cardiac glycosides(digoxin) act by inhibiting sodium and potassium ATP and then making more calcium available to activate contracted proteins.
Cardiac contractility and cardiac output are increased.
Onset, peak, and duration vary widely among products.
Most products are metabolized in the liver and excreted by the kidneys.
The most common side effects are cardiac disturbances, headache, hypotension, and GI symptoms.
Also common are blurred vision and yellow-green halos.
Assess:
Cardiac system: B/P, pulse, respirations, and increased urine output
Apical pulse for 1 min before giving product; if pulse ,60 bpm, take again in 1 hr; if still ,60 bpm, notify prescriber
Electrolytes: K, Na, Cl, Mg; renal function studies, including BUN and creatinine; and blood studies
Evaluate: Therapeutic response: decreased weight, edema, pulse, respiration; increased urine output
Meningitis involves meninges
Viral meningitis
Bacterial meningitis
Fungal meningitis
Parasitic meningitis
Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the meningeal tissues surrounding the brain and the spinal cord (meninges).
Skipping vaccinations
Age-Viral meningitis occur in children younger than age 5. Bacterial meningitis is common in those under age 20.
Living in a community setting
Pregnancy.
Compromised immune system. AIDS, alcoholism, diabetes, use of immunosuppressant drugs etc.
Primary- Neisseria meningitidis
Secondary- E. coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Meningitis involves meninges
Viral meningitis
Bacterial meningitis
Fungal meningitis
Parasitic meningitis
Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the meningeal tissues surrounding the brain and the spinal cord (meninges).
Skipping vaccinations
Age-Viral meningitis occur in children younger than age 5. Bacterial meningitis is common in those under age 20.
Living in a community setting
Pregnancy.
Compromised immune system. AIDS, alcoholism, diabetes, use of immunosuppressant drugs etc.
Primary- Neisseria meningitidis
Secondary- E. coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Streptococcus pneumoniae
Status epilepticus (SE) is a medical emergency that starts when a seizure hits the 5-minute mark (or if there’s more than one seizure within 5 minutes).
Convulsive Status epilepticus-
The convulsive type is more common and more dangerous.
It involves tonic- clonic seizures (grand mal seizures)
In the tonic phase ( lasts less than 1 minute), body becomes stiff and person lose consciousness. Eyes roll back into head, muscles contract, back arches, and trouble breathing.
As the clonic phase starts, body spasms and jerks occur. Neck and limbs flex and relax rapidly but slow down over a few minutes.
Once the clonic phase ends, patient might stay unconscious for a few more minutes. This is the postictal period.Non-convulsive Status epilepticus-
Patient lose consciousness but is in an “epileptic twilight” state.
There might not able any shaking or seizing at all, so it can be very hard for someone observing patient to figure out what’s happening.
A non-convulsive seizure can turn into a convulsive episode.
Poorly controlled epilepsy
Low blood sugar
Stroke
Kidney failure
Liver failure
Encephalitis
HIV
Alcohol or drug abuse
Genetic diseases such as Fragile X syndrome and Angelman syndrome
Head injuries
Age:
During the growth period, the BMR is high, therefore during infancy the energy need per Kg of body weight is highest than during adulthood.
The period at which the basal metabolism reaches its highest level is between the ages of 1-2 years.
A gradual decline occurs between the age of 2-5 years, with a more rapid decline until adult age.
Sex:
The BMR is higher in adolescent boys and adult males as compared to adolescent girls and adult females though it is not due to direct influence of sex differences, but are due to the differences in body composition.
Males have a greater amount of muscles and glandular tissues which is metabolically more active whereas, females have greater adipose tissues which is metabolically less active, Hence energy requirement of males is higher than of females.
There are seven main classes of nutrients that the body needs. These are carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins, minerals, fibre and water. It is important that everyone consumes these seven nutrients on a daily basis to help them build their bodies and maintain their health. Deficiencies, excesses and imbalances in diet can produce negative impacts on health, which may lead to diseases.
Macronutrients
“Macro” means large
These are nutrients which people need to eat regularly and in a fairly large amount.
They include carbohydrates, fats, proteins, fibre and water.
These substances are needed for the supply of energy and growth, for metabolism and other body functions.
II. Micronutrients
‘micro’ means small
Micronutrients are substances which people need in their diet in only small amounts.
These include minerals and vitamins.
Most foods are mixtures of nutrients( in 1 food more than 1 nutrient may be present)
Life cannot be sustained without adequate nourishment.
Man needs adequate food for growth and development and to lead an active and healthy life.
Food plays an important role in maintaining a person's nutritional and health status.
PLANTS
Many plant & plant part are eaten as a food.
Seeds are good source of food for animals including humans because they contain nutrients.
All seeds are not healthy. Eg- apple seeds & cherry seeds contains cyanide.
Heart failure (HF) is a common cardiovascular condition with increasing incidence and prevalence. Unlike western countries where heart failure is predominantly a disease of elderly, in India it affects younger age group. Heart failure is a chronic condition in which the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to support other organs in your body.
Cor pulmonale is alteration in the structure and function of the right ventricle (RV) of the heart. The overall five-year survival rate for cor pulmonale complicating COPD is approximately 50%.
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a technique of basic & advanced life support for purpose of oxygenating the brain & heart until appropriate definitive medical treatment can restore normal heart & Ventilatory action. Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is a life saving technique used to restore life of the people.
Chain of infection is a process in which a favorable condition is required for micro-organism to spread or transfer from reservoir to a susceptible host.
THE EXPENSE OF QUALITY IS AN INTERACTIVE PROCESS BETWEEN CUSTOMER & PROVIDER. QUALITY ASSURANCE USUALLY FOCUSES ON MATERIAL, GOOD WORK & SERVICE PROVIDED EFFECTIVELY. ANY LACK IN SERVICE PROVIDED CAUSES DECREASE IN QUALITY
India Clinical Trials Market: Industry Size and Growth Trends [2030] Analyzed...Kumar Satyam
According to TechSci Research report, "India Clinical Trials Market- By Region, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2030F," the India Clinical Trials Market was valued at USD 2.05 billion in 2024 and is projected to grow at a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) of 8.64% through 2030. The market is driven by a variety of factors, making India an attractive destination for pharmaceutical companies and researchers. India's vast and diverse patient population, cost-effective operational environment, and a large pool of skilled medical professionals contribute significantly to the market's growth. Additionally, increasing government support in streamlining regulations and the growing prevalence of lifestyle diseases further propel the clinical trials market.
Growing Prevalence of Lifestyle Diseases
The rising incidence of lifestyle diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer is a major trend driving the clinical trials market in India. These conditions necessitate the development and testing of new treatment methods, creating a robust demand for clinical trials. The increasing burden of these diseases highlights the need for innovative therapies and underscores the importance of India as a key player in global clinical research.
Telehealth Psychology Building Trust with Clients.pptxThe Harvest Clinic
Telehealth psychology is a digital approach that offers psychological services and mental health care to clients remotely, using technologies like video conferencing, phone calls, text messaging, and mobile apps for communication.
Antibiotic Stewardship by Anushri Srivastava.pptxAnushriSrivastav
Stewardship is the act of taking good care of something.
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
WHO launched the Global Antimicrobial Resistance and Use Surveillance System (GLASS) in 2015 to fill knowledge gaps and inform strategies at all levels.
ACCORDING TO apic.org,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a coordinated program that promotes the appropriate use of antimicrobials (including antibiotics), improves patient outcomes, reduces microbial resistance, and decreases the spread of infections caused by multidrug-resistant organisms.
ACCORDING TO pewtrusts.org,
Antibiotic stewardship refers to efforts in doctors’ offices, hospitals, long term care facilities, and other health care settings to ensure that antibiotics are used only when necessary and appropriate
According to WHO,
Antimicrobial stewardship is a systematic approach to educate and support health care professionals to follow evidence-based guidelines for prescribing and administering antimicrobials
In 1996, John McGowan and Dale Gerding first applied the term antimicrobial stewardship, where they suggested a causal association between antimicrobial agent use and resistance. They also focused on the urgency of large-scale controlled trials of antimicrobial-use regulation employing sophisticated epidemiologic methods, molecular typing, and precise resistance mechanism analysis.
Antimicrobial Stewardship(AMS) refers to the optimal selection, dosing, and duration of antimicrobial treatment resulting in the best clinical outcome with minimal side effects to the patients and minimal impact on subsequent resistance.
According to the 2019 report, in the US, more than 2.8 million antibiotic-resistant infections occur each year, and more than 35000 people die. In addition to this, it also mentioned that 223,900 cases of Clostridoides difficile occurred in 2017, of which 12800 people died. The report did not include viruses or parasites
VISION
Being proactive
Supporting optimal animal and human health
Exploring ways to reduce overall use of antimicrobials
Using the drugs that prevent and treat disease by killing microscopic organisms in a responsible way
GOAL
to prevent the generation and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). Doing so will preserve the effectiveness of these drugs in animals and humans for years to come.
being to preserve human and animal health and the effectiveness of antimicrobial medications.
to implement a multidisciplinary approach in assembling a stewardship team to include an infectious disease physician, a clinical pharmacist with infectious diseases training, infection preventionist, and a close collaboration with the staff in the clinical microbiology laboratory
to prevent antimicrobial overuse, misuse and abuse.
to minimize the developme
Defecation
Normal defecation begins with movement in the left colon, moving stool toward the anus. When stool reaches the rectum, the distention causes relaxation of the internal sphincter and an awareness of the need to defecate. At the time of defecation, the external sphincter relaxes, and abdominal muscles contract, increasing intrarectal pressure and forcing the stool out
The Valsalva maneuver exerts pressure to expel faeces through a voluntary contraction of the abdominal muscles while maintaining forced expiration against a closed airway. Patients with cardiovascular disease, glaucoma, increased intracranial pressure, or a new surgical wound are at greater risk for cardiac dysrhythmias and elevated blood pressure with the Valsalva maneuver and need to avoid straining to pass the stool.
Normal defecation is painless, resulting in passage of soft, formed stool
CONSTIPATION
Constipation is a symptom, not a disease. Improper diet, reduced fluid intake, lack of exercise, and certain medications can cause constipation. For example, patients receiving opiates for pain after surgery often require a stool softener or laxative to prevent constipation. The signs of constipation include infrequent bowel movements (less than every 3 days), difficulty passing stools, excessive straining, inability to defecate at will, and hard feaces
IMPACTION
Fecal impaction results from unrelieved constipation. It is a collection of hardened feces wedged in the rectum that a person cannot expel. In cases of severe impaction the mass extends up into the sigmoid colon.
DIARRHEA
Diarrhea is an increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces. It is associated with disorders affecting digestion, absorption, and secretion in the GI tract. Intestinal contents pass through the small and large intestine too quickly to allow for the usual absorption of fluid and nutrients. Irritation within the colon results in increased mucus secretion. As a result, feces become watery, and the patient is unable to control the urge to defecate. Normally an anal bag is safe and effective in long-term treatment of patients with fecal incontinence at home, in hospice, or in the hospital. Fecal incontinence is expensive and a potentially dangerous condition in terms of contamination and risk of skin ulceration
HEMORRHOIDS
Hemorrhoids are dilated, engorged veins in the lining of the rectum. They are either external or internal.
FLATULENCE
As gas accumulates in the lumen of the intestines, the bowel wall stretches and distends (flatulence). It is a common cause of abdominal fullness, pain, and cramping. Normally intestinal gas escapes through the mouth (belching) or the anus (passing of flatus)
FECAL INCONTINENCE
Fecal incontinence is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus. Incontinence harms a patient’s body image
PREPARATION AND GIVING OF LAXATIVESACCORDING TO POTTER AND PERRY,
An enema is the instillation of a solution into the rectum and sig
Global launch of the Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index 2nd wave – alongside...ILC- UK
The Healthy Ageing and Prevention Index is an online tool created by ILC that ranks countries on six metrics including, life span, health span, work span, income, environmental performance, and happiness. The Index helps us understand how well countries have adapted to longevity and inform decision makers on what must be done to maximise the economic benefits that comes with living well for longer.
Alongside the 77th World Health Assembly in Geneva on 28 May 2024, we launched the second version of our Index, allowing us to track progress and give new insights into what needs to be done to keep populations healthier for longer.
The speakers included:
Professor Orazio Schillaci, Minister of Health, Italy
Dr Hans Groth, Chairman of the Board, World Demographic & Ageing Forum
Professor Ilona Kickbusch, Founder and Chair, Global Health Centre, Geneva Graduate Institute and co-chair, World Health Summit Council
Dr Natasha Azzopardi Muscat, Director, Country Health Policies and Systems Division, World Health Organisation EURO
Dr Marta Lomazzi, Executive Manager, World Federation of Public Health Associations
Dr Shyam Bishen, Head, Centre for Health and Healthcare and Member of the Executive Committee, World Economic Forum
Dr Karin Tegmark Wisell, Director General, Public Health Agency of Sweden
Leading the Way in Nephrology: Dr. David Greene's Work with Stem Cells for Ki...Dr. David Greene Arizona
As we watch Dr. Greene's continued efforts and research in Arizona, it's clear that stem cell therapy holds a promising key to unlocking new doors in the treatment of kidney disease. With each study and trial, we step closer to a world where kidney disease is no longer a life sentence but a treatable condition, thanks to pioneers like Dr. David Greene.
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
CHAPTER 1 SEMESTER V - ROLE OF PEADIATRIC NURSE.pdfSachin Sharma
Pediatric nurses play a vital role in the health and well-being of children. Their responsibilities are wide-ranging, and their objectives can be categorized into several key areas:
1. Direct Patient Care:
Objective: Provide comprehensive and compassionate care to infants, children, and adolescents in various healthcare settings (hospitals, clinics, etc.).
This includes tasks like:
Monitoring vital signs and physical condition.
Administering medications and treatments.
Performing procedures as directed by doctors.
Assisting with daily living activities (bathing, feeding).
Providing emotional support and pain management.
2. Health Promotion and Education:
Objective: Promote healthy behaviors and educate children, families, and communities about preventive healthcare.
This includes tasks like:
Administering vaccinations.
Providing education on nutrition, hygiene, and development.
Offering breastfeeding and childbirth support.
Counseling families on safety and injury prevention.
3. Collaboration and Advocacy:
Objective: Collaborate effectively with doctors, social workers, therapists, and other healthcare professionals to ensure coordinated care for children.
Objective: Advocate for the rights and best interests of their patients, especially when children cannot speak for themselves.
This includes tasks like:
Communicating effectively with healthcare teams.
Identifying and addressing potential risks to child welfare.
Educating families about their child's condition and treatment options.
4. Professional Development and Research:
Objective: Stay up-to-date on the latest advancements in pediatric healthcare through continuing education and research.
Objective: Contribute to improving the quality of care for children by participating in research initiatives.
This includes tasks like:
Attending workshops and conferences on pediatric nursing.
Participating in clinical trials related to child health.
Implementing evidence-based practices into their daily routines.
By fulfilling these objectives, pediatric nurses play a crucial role in ensuring the optimal health and well-being of children throughout all stages of their development.
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Medical Technology Tackles New Health Care Demand - Research Report - March 2...pchutichetpong
M Capital Group (“MCG”) predicts that with, against, despite, and even without the global pandemic, the medical technology (MedTech) industry shows signs of continuous healthy growth, driven by smaller, faster, and cheaper devices, growing demand for home-based applications, technological innovation, strategic acquisitions, investments, and SPAC listings. MCG predicts that this should reflects itself in annual growth of over 6%, well beyond 2028.
According to Chris Mouchabhani, Managing Partner at M Capital Group, “Despite all economic scenarios that one may consider, beyond overall economic shocks, medical technology should remain one of the most promising and robust sectors over the short to medium term and well beyond 2028.”
There is a movement towards home-based care for the elderly, next generation scanning and MRI devices, wearable technology, artificial intelligence incorporation, and online connectivity. Experts also see a focus on predictive, preventive, personalized, participatory, and precision medicine, with rising levels of integration of home care and technological innovation.
The average cost of treatment has been rising across the board, creating additional financial burdens to governments, healthcare providers and insurance companies. According to MCG, cost-per-inpatient-stay in the United States alone rose on average annually by over 13% between 2014 to 2021, leading MedTech to focus research efforts on optimized medical equipment at lower price points, whilst emphasizing portability and ease of use. Namely, 46% of the 1,008 medical technology companies in the 2021 MedTech Innovator (“MTI”) database are focusing on prevention, wellness, detection, or diagnosis, signaling a clear push for preventive care to also tackle costs.
In addition, there has also been a lasting impact on consumer and medical demand for home care, supported by the pandemic. Lockdowns, closure of care facilities, and healthcare systems subjected to capacity pressure, accelerated demand away from traditional inpatient care. Now, outpatient care solutions are driving industry production, with nearly 70% of recent diagnostics start-up companies producing products in areas such as ambulatory clinics, at-home care, and self-administered diagnostics.
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair A New Horizon in Nephrology.pptxR3 Stem Cell
R3 Stem Cells and Kidney Repair: A New Horizon in Nephrology" explores groundbreaking advancements in the use of R3 stem cells for kidney disease treatment. This insightful piece delves into the potential of these cells to regenerate damaged kidney tissue, offering new hope for patients and reshaping the future of nephrology.
4. We need technology in every classroom
and in every student and teacher’s hand,
because it is the pen and paper of our
time, and it is the lens through which
we experience much of our world.
- David
Warlick
6. Many adult learners can remember a time when
finding information required travelling to the library
to search a card catalog & spending countless hours
looking through paper based books & journals.
7. KEY WORDS
• Recent – Happening or beginning not long ago.
• Teaching – Something that is taught: the values,
ideas and beliefs that are taught by a person.
• Pedagogy- It is the method and practice of
teaching, especially as an academic subject or
theoretical concept.
8. • Technology – It is the branch of knowledge that
deals with the creation and use of technical means
and their interrelation with life, society, and the
environment, drawing upon such subject as
industrial arts, engineering, applied science, and
pure science.
9. Recent teaching technology
Education technology is the effective use of technology tools in learning
as a concept it concerns an array of tools such as media, machines and
networking hardware as well as considering underlying theoretical
perspective for their effective application.
10.
11. Teaching technology – It is defined as the study &
ethical practice of facilitating learning & improving
performances by creating, using & managing
appropriate technological processes & resources.
-Richey
or
“Educational technology is the systematic application
of scientific knowledge about teaching learning and
conditions of learning to improve the efficiency of
teaching and learning”.
-G.O.H. LEITH
12. OBJECTIVES OF TEACHING TECHNOLOGY
• To determine the goals and formulate the objectives in behavioral
terms.
• To analyze the characteristic of the learner.
• To organize the content in logical or psychological sequences.
• To evaluate the learners performances in terms of achieving
educational objectives.
• To provide the feedback among other components for the
modification of learners.
13. CHARACTERISTICS OF TEACHING
TECHNOLOGY
• Input, process & output are involved.
• Pupil-teacher & In-service teachers can have its
advantage.
• Cognitive, affective & psychomotor domains can be
achieved by using it.
15. ADVANTAGES
• Easy to assess information.
• Greater interest in learning.
• Increased retention of information.
• Robust information storage.
• Better presentation of information.
• Teaching is made more interactive.
• Knowledge sharing made easy.
• It can make teaching more effective.
• Organization of matter can be easily done.
16. TECHNOLOGY AFFECTING COGNITIVE,
AFFECTIVE & PSYCHOMOTOR SKILLS
Cognitive
• Technology facilitates learning.
• It helps in analyzing.
• Technology also cooperate learning by new ideas.
Affective
• Students develop interest in learning.
• Students can’t express their feeling to technology.
For example if student has not understood the
topic, he can’t tell technological aid to ease
learning.
17. • Psychomotor skill
• Less motor skills are developed.
• More psychological skills are developed. Provides a
real environment with help of multimedia, video
etc.
• Reduces physical effort. For example- carrying
books.
21. A chalkboard is a reusable writing surface on which
text or drawings are made with chalk. Chalkboards
were originally made of smooth, thin sheets of
black or dark grey slate stone.
22. Importance of the blackboard
.
• Control
pace of
learning
• Flexibility
• Classroom
management
• Effective
Teaching
It is a
natural
slide
Cope with
student of
different
learning
abilities
Multipurpose
teaching aid
Enhances
Student
Comprehension
Skills
24. • It is also known as marker board or dry-erase board.
• It is glossy, usually white surface for nonpermanent
markings.
• Whiteboards have smoother surface allowing rapid
marking and erasing of markings on their surface.
• The popularity of whiteboards increased rapidly in
the mid-1990s.
25. FLASH CARDS
Flash cards are small cards of generally 25 x 30 cm size which are shown
for few moments before the class to send across the message or
impart an idea.
Advantages
• Used to introduce & present topics.
• Used to apply information already
gained by students to new situation.
• Can be used to review a topic.
26. CHARTS
• Charts are graphic teaching aids depicting information in form of diagrams,
posters, pictures , maps & graphs.
Purpose
• It is used for showing relationships by means of facts & figures.
• It is for representing material symbolically.
• It is meant to show continuity in process.
• It is meant to present abstract ideas in visual form
Types of charts
• Tree charts
• Stream charts
• Table charts
• Flow charts
• Tabulation charts
27. TAPE RECORDERS
• Tape recorder is a portable electronic gadget to record, reproduce,
erase & re-record sound on a magnetic tape.
• Tape is one modern teaching aid which has come into much more
general use over the past few years.
28. ADVANTAGES
• Recording can be erased and tape can be reused.
• Easy to operate
• For teaching music, phonics, oral reading, poetry etc.
DISADVANTAGES
• No personal contact with speaker.
• Listening for a long time
distract the learner.
• Encourages passive learning.
29. Flannels
The flannel-board is covered with flannel or khadi
cloth. The picture or materials with same material
are used to stick. It helps to build presentation in a
sequence, piece by piece.
30. Flip Chart
These are large chart with a pad of paper on a stand. The notes,
diagrams and flow charts can be prepared well in advance .
Advantages-
• Reveals at the appropriate point of presentation.
• Pages can be preserved for display after class and future
references
Disadvantages:
• It is not effective for large audience
• Cannot hold large amount of data
• Writing may consume time.
31. MODELS
It is three dimensional concept of reality. Types- working & non
working.
33. SLIDE PROJECTOR
• A slide projector is an opto-mechanical device for showing
photographic slides.
• Slide projectors were also widely used in educational and other
institutional settings.
• Slides were projected with the help of projector in a closed dark
room on a screen.
35. TELEVISION (T.V.)
• T.V. is well suited for educational purposes & has become a popular
teaching-learning tools in homes, schools, business & Health care
settings.
• It influences cognitive, affective & psychomotor behavior.
• T.V. allows education programs to be sent to patient rooms. In health
care settings it is also used to educate patient regarding health
related topics
• Television also helps in children’s intellectual development.
38. • Videoconferencing uses audio and video
telecommunications.
• A rural medical center in Ohio, United States, used
videoconferencing to successfully cut the number of
transfers of sick infants to a hospital 110 km away.
39. Advantages
• Patients may contact health care personnel in emergency or routine situations.
• All health care professionals can discuss cases across large distances.
• Rural areas can use this technology for seeking health information, thus
saving lives and making more efficient use of health care money.
40. • Remote community, long-term care facility, or from a patient's home any
person can communicate with the health professional.
• Enhance curriculum with virtual field trips.
• Bring experts to the classroom—virtually
• Connect classrooms in different countries and expand students’ worldview
• Record and archive sessions for future playback
42. Computers/laptops/macbooks that we use to view, store, send, and receive
information, not only help with presenting lessons but also with
management and organization. computer will be used for preparing lesson
plans, completing grade book, checking email, preparing letters etc. The
computer also serves as the main connector to all of your other technology.
43. Use of Computers in Nursing Education
• Many online books are available through which we can update
knowledge.
• Educational CD can be played in computer to show students
• Helps in Computer aided instruction.
• Computers in nursing research help with aid of educational tools such as
SPSS-Statistical package of social sciences.
• PPT can be made for teaching.
• Helps in CAL.
• Distance Learning is
Possible through PC.
44. • Distance education is defined as planned learning that occurs in different
place from teaching, requiring real time(synchronous) or delayed
(asynchronous) interactive technology and a needing a course design
supportive of students — (Escoflery,Miner & Alperin 2003.)
MERITS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
• Providing efficient training for target groups.
• Expanding the capacity for education in new subject and areas.
• Developing multiple competencies through recurrent and continuing
education.
• Improving the quality of existing educational services,
DEMERITS OF DISTANCE EDUCATION
• The learner is usually isolated from the tutor and other students.
• The distance learner has difficulties having access to learning resources.
45. Approaches of Distance Education :-
• Synchronous Approach: Live lectures are delivered with help of
technologies.
• E.g. IGNOU lecturers are delivered through TV channels like Gyan
Dharshan and INC is Conducting contact classes for PhD nursing via
videoconferencing at six centers in India
• Asynchronous Approach- Recorded videos, Print materials etc. are
used.
• E.g. Most of the universities follow this system by sending text
materials, recorded multimedia materials to distant learner by post
or email.
46. Computer Assisted Instruction (CAI)
CAI refers to the use of the computer as a tool to
facilitate and improve instruction.
Computer assisted learning
• According to Leib 1982 CAL “Includes all
applications of the computer aid to the instructor in
instructional management without actually doing
the teaching.
48. • The internet in simple terms is a network of the interlinked computer
networking worldwide, which is accessible to the general public.
• The Internet is recognized as an important tool in education.
• It is widely used to facilitate studying and help communication between
teachers and students.
• It is also increasingly becoming the basis of education in forms such as
distance learning.
49. EMAIL
Teachers and students worldwide are beginning to use this ability to talk
to each other. E-mailing back and forth with another classroom also
provides excellent opportunities for students to practice writing skills
for a real-life purpose.
50. Advantages
• Easy to send information in long distances.
• Health education can be given post discharge.
• It is asynchronous.
Disadvantages
• Requires good internet connection.
• Electronic mail lacks contexts. It is without cues like facial expressions, voice
tone etc.
• Email messages can create violation of privacy for both nurse & clients.
51. WORLD WIDE WEB (WWW)
• It is an open source information space where documents & other web
resources are identified by URLs, interlinked by hypertext links & can be
assisted via internet.
• The use of World Wide Web as an instructional tool is gaining momentum.
52. E-LEARNING (ELECTRONIC LEARNING)
• E-learning is use of technology based tools & processes to provide for
customized learning anytime or anywhere.
• Electronic learning is a type of education where the medium of instruction
is computer technology.
53. Advantages
• Less cost
• Fast speed
• Makes class interesting.
• Easy to search topics.
Disadvantages
• Learning online is a solo act .Learner feel alone.
• Eyestrain, bad posture and other
physical problems may affect learner.
55. • Smart class is defined as a class in which various technologies are used to
enhance students learning.
• In a smart class there will be computers, projectors, internet connectivity
and other multimedia devices such as home theater etc.
• Students can use internet.
56. Smart boards or interactive white boards
An interactive whiteboard is a large display that connects to a computer and a
projector. The projector projects the computer's desktop onto the board's
surface.
57. • Interactive white boards have various facilities to
draw, show video ,images, illustrations, maps,
graphs, games manipulate in own way.
58. Advantages of smart boards
• Provides Flexibility: Interactive whiteboards allow photos,
illustrations, maps, graphs, games, and video to be displayed.
• Enhanced teaching/learning experience
• Interact and share
• Low-Maintenance: SMART Boards are neat and easy to use
• Access to online information & tools
• Going Green: Eco friendly
• Technology Integration
• Communication: Interactive whiteboards allow for connectivity in
different locations.
59. PowerPoint – Power point which is commonly used now for educational
presentation has a selection of transitions as a feature all of which are
borrowed from film and television editing techniques, character animation
within the frame, and overall dramatic structure are things that are taken
from film and television in particular for use in educational computers
application.
60. LCD Projectors
• LCD projector is a type of video projector for displaying video images or
computer data on a screen or other flat surface. LCD means “liquid crystal
display.
• Multimedia projectors, which are the compact devices that project images
in high resolution, are commonplace in many of today's classrooms.
61. EQUIPMENTS REQUIRED FOR SMART CLASS
.Solid Built house
• Sliding Door with Wooden material to protect Tablet Monitor and as Laptop Stand.
• Equipped with LCD Tablet Monitor with 19 inches or wider tablet monitor with
• 1920X1080 resolution or more
• Standard Electronic Pen for writing on Tablet Monitor.
• Trainer Laptop and slots to use a laptop.
• Mic
• Standard mouse
• Drawer for keeping material required for trainer.
• 6” or Higher LCD Control Panel for Multi controller, interactive whiteboard, TV,
DVD, air
• Air conditioner, PC, projector, large-sized screen etc.
• Podium must be equipped with automatic mixer, Power Amplifier etc. which can
• support up to 6 column line array speaker, 4 wireless Microphone and 2 lapel
• Microphone.
• 6 Speakers
• Equipped with PC of internationally known brand like HP, IBM, Dell etc
• Average size classroom should be there.
• Proper ventilation & lighting facilities.
62. MOBILES, TABLETS & IPADS
• It is almost impossible to imagine being without a cell phone or using ipad
as a digital tool.
• Many healthcare associations have begun to provide telephone services
with messages about disease treatment & prevention.
• For example- The American Cancer Society has established a toll free
number for public to obtain short taped messages about various types of
cancer.
63. • Various businessmen in developed countries who have a stressful life &
can’t have time to meet counselors get counseling therapy classes on
mobile phones during their busy schedules instead of missing counseling
therapy classes.
• Many hospitals & healthcare agencies have established hotline consumer
information centers manned by knowledgeable healthcare personnel so
that information can be personalized & appropriate information can be
given at the spot. Example- The Poison Control Hotline
64. • Advantages
• It is relatively inexpensive.
• It can be operated by someone with minimal medical knowledge because
taped messages contain substance of content.
• Video calls can be made to educate or transfer message.
65. SATELLITE
• EDUSAT (first satellite in India for educational purpose) was created
primarily for the purpose of providing connectivity to school, college and
higher level of education. For e.g. the tribal area of Madhya Pradesh has
been covered in the Indira Gandhi National Open University national beam.
ADVANTAGES:-
• Real time video.
• Require minimal technical assistance.
DISADVANTAGES:-
• One way instruction.
• Higher cost.
66. • Educational tools/ Teaching Tools
• Educational tools include various social networking sites & apps which can
increase & upgrade our knowledge. These includes
• Facebook provides health related tips such as CIMS Cancer Page,
Health.com, everyday health etc.
• YouTube provides educational videos.
67. • LinkedIn & Slide share provides ppt regarding
educational topics.
• EBooks provides various healths & other education
related matter.
• Others include dictionaries, Wikipedia, careplans,
shealth, pdf etc.
68. ROLE OF NURSE IN TEACHING
TECHNOLOGY
• Nursing educator can provide online classes in long
distance.
• Nursing teachers can educate their student
documentation of records in computers.
• Nursing educators can encourage shy students to adopt
use of technology in learning.
• Nursing teachers can teach student effectively by
making use of technology to enhance their learning.
• Clinical Nurse can make use of technology & learn
various health related topics via internet & implement
those on patients.
69. THEORY APPLICATION
• The TPACK framework is effective technology
integration for teaching specific content or subject
matter requires understanding and negotiating the
relationships between these three components:
Technology, Pedagogy, and Content.
• It highlights complex relationships that exist
between content, pedagogy and technology
knowledge areas and may be a useful organizational
structure for defining what it is that teachers need
to know to integrate technology effectively.
71. • Technology Knowledge (TK)
Technology knowledge refers to an understanding of the way that technologies
are used in a specific content domain.
• Content Knowledge (CK)
Content knowledge may be defined as “a thorough grounding in college-level
subject matter” or “command of the subject” (American Council on
Education, 1999).
• Pedagogical Knowledge (PK)
Pedagogical knowledge includes generic knowledge about how students
learn, teaching approaches, methods of assessment and knowledge
of different theories about learning.
72. • Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK)
Pedagogical content knowledge is knowledge about how to combine pedagogy
and content effectively.
• Technological Content Knowledge (TCK)
Technological content knowledge refers to knowledge about how
technology may be used to provide new ways of teaching.
• Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK)
Technological pedagogical knowledge refers to the affordances and
constraints of technology as an enabler of different teaching
approaches
• Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge
(TPACK)
Technological pedagogical content knowledge refers to the knowledge
and understanding of the interplay between CK, PK and TK when
using technology for teaching and learning
73. TPACK MODEL
Technological Knowledge
Laptops, PC, Macbook
Ipads
Mobiles
Google
Social Networks
Internet
Tools like ppt, pdf
E book apps
Content Knowledge
Content related to topic. For
example HIV/AIDS.
Researches related to HIV/AIDS
Pedagogical Knowledge
Instruct classes how to use
laptops, PC, Ipads, internet for
teaching or learning.
Instruct teachers regarding use of
recent technologies.
Technological content
knowledge
•Use of video conferencing
•E- learning
•M-Learning
•Smart Classes
Technological Pedagogical
Knowledge
•Use of Websites
•Use of technology tools
•Use of Teleconferencing
Pedagogical
Content
Knowledge
•Instruction on
avoiding
plagirism for
student.
•Instruction for
identifying
plagirism for
teachers.
Technological
Pedagogical
Content
Knowledge
•Effective
teaching &
learning.
•Use variety of
media to
enhance teaching
& learning.
74. RELATED RESEARCH
• STATEMENT – quantitative synthesis of recent
research on the effects of teaching and learning
with technology on student outcomes.
• ABSTRACT–the effects of teaching and learning
with technology on students, cognitive, affective,
and behavioral outcomes of learning, 138 effect
sizes were calculated using statistical data from 20
students.
• Sample size- A combined sample of appropriately
4,400 students was involved.
75. • Result- The mean of the study-weighted effect sizes averaging across
all outcomes was 30 with 95% confidence interval. This result
indicates that teaching and learning has a small, positive, significant
effect on student outcomes that teaching compared to traditional
instruction. The overall study weighted effects were constant across
the categories of study characteristics, quantity of study indicators,
technology characteristics, and instructional/teaching characteristics.
[H.WAXMAN]
77. CONCLUSION
Teaching is an essential part of educational special
function is impart knowledge, develop
understanding and skills.
In today's world, technology is a major part of our
lives. While the generation of our grandparents had
to learn to use computers, notebooks, iPads, and
iPods as adults, students now entering schools are
already familiar with these technologies.
78. POINTS TO BE DISCUSSED
• Whether technology in education will replace
teachers?
• As a student learner, how far technology has its
impact on education?