Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
2 likes•1,776 views
The Cephalochordata are a small subphylum (about 28 species) of small, 5 to 10 centimetres long. All known species are marine. They occur all around the world in both temperate and tropical waters. Cephalochordates live in shallow marine or brackish water all over the world. They can actively swim around, but most of the time are sedentary, buried in sand.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
23. Chordates
Chordates have five defining characteristics: a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches, an endostyle, and a postanal tail. The phylum Chordata contains three subphyla: Urochordata (tunicates), Cephalochordata (lancelets), and Vertebrata (vertebrates). Vertebrates are further divided into Agnathans (jawless fish) and Gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates).
Phylum Annelida
This document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Annelida. It describes the three classes - Polychaeta, Aelosomata, and Clitellata (with subclasses). It then discusses the basic body plan, skeletal system, circulatory system, digestive/excretory system, reproductive system, nervous system, and some examples of specific annelid worms like the sea mouse, giant feather duster, leeches, giant Australian earthworm, colonial polyps, and king ragworm.
Phylum mollusca
The phylum Mollusca includes several classes of soft-bodied animals that often have a calcium carbonate shell secreted by a mantle. The body consists of a head, foot, and visceral mass. Molluscs exhibit a range of habitats from terrestrial to marine. Notable classes include Gastropoda (snails and slugs), Bivalvia (clams and oysters), and Cephalopoda (octopuses, squid, and nautiluses), which have complex nervous systems. Molluscs play important ecological roles and some species are economically significant as food sources or decorations.
Chordata
Chordata is the last phylum of kingdom Animalia.
Which is further subdivided into subphylums, divisions and classes.
The Slides shows the classification of the phylum along with the basis on which it is classified.
(includes examples along with pictures for easy understanding and memorizing)
Cephalochordata
General characters, fossil history, classification, primitive characters , affinities, systematic position of cephalochordata
Amphioxus -alimentary canal, circulatory canal ,Execratory canal
The document summarizes key details about the anatomy and feeding process of the lancelet (amphioxus). It notes that lancelets have a wheel organ lined with cilia and vesicles that filters food particles from water entering the mouth. The food and mucus pass through the pharynx and gut, mixing with enzymes and undergoing both extracellular and intracellular digestion primarily in the midgut and hindgut before absorption.
Scales in fishes
This document discusses the different types of scales found in fish. It defines fish scales as small, rigid plates that grow out of the skin. Scales come in various types depending on the fish, including cosmoid, ganoid, placoid, cycloid, and ctenoid scales. Each scale type has a distinct structure and provides different functions like protection from predators or parasites and aiding movement. Some fish lack scales and instead have alternatives like tough skin, bony plates, or prickles for protection. In summary, the document outlines the definition, functions, and major types of scales present in different groups of fish.
Respiratory system of pila
Pila is an amphibian that can perform both branchial and pulmonary respiration. When in water, it breathes through gills called ctenidia located in the branchial chamber. On land, it breathes through a pulmonary sac located in the pulmonary chamber. The pulmonary sac allows for gas exchange between air and blood. Pila can also respire underwater using a respiratory tube formed by its nuchal lobe to bring air into the pulmonary sac. Its osphradium organ helps detect chemicals in the water.
Recommended
23. Chordates
Chordates have five defining characteristics: a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches, an endostyle, and a postanal tail. The phylum Chordata contains three subphyla: Urochordata (tunicates), Cephalochordata (lancelets), and Vertebrata (vertebrates). Vertebrates are further divided into Agnathans (jawless fish) and Gnathostomes (jawed vertebrates).
Phylum Annelida
This document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Annelida. It describes the three classes - Polychaeta, Aelosomata, and Clitellata (with subclasses). It then discusses the basic body plan, skeletal system, circulatory system, digestive/excretory system, reproductive system, nervous system, and some examples of specific annelid worms like the sea mouse, giant feather duster, leeches, giant Australian earthworm, colonial polyps, and king ragworm.
Phylum mollusca
The phylum Mollusca includes several classes of soft-bodied animals that often have a calcium carbonate shell secreted by a mantle. The body consists of a head, foot, and visceral mass. Molluscs exhibit a range of habitats from terrestrial to marine. Notable classes include Gastropoda (snails and slugs), Bivalvia (clams and oysters), and Cephalopoda (octopuses, squid, and nautiluses), which have complex nervous systems. Molluscs play important ecological roles and some species are economically significant as food sources or decorations.
Chordata
Chordata is the last phylum of kingdom Animalia.
Which is further subdivided into subphylums, divisions and classes.
The Slides shows the classification of the phylum along with the basis on which it is classified.
(includes examples along with pictures for easy understanding and memorizing)
Cephalochordata
General characters, fossil history, classification, primitive characters , affinities, systematic position of cephalochordata
Amphioxus -alimentary canal, circulatory canal ,Execratory canal
The document summarizes key details about the anatomy and feeding process of the lancelet (amphioxus). It notes that lancelets have a wheel organ lined with cilia and vesicles that filters food particles from water entering the mouth. The food and mucus pass through the pharynx and gut, mixing with enzymes and undergoing both extracellular and intracellular digestion primarily in the midgut and hindgut before absorption.
Scales in fishes
This document discusses the different types of scales found in fish. It defines fish scales as small, rigid plates that grow out of the skin. Scales come in various types depending on the fish, including cosmoid, ganoid, placoid, cycloid, and ctenoid scales. Each scale type has a distinct structure and provides different functions like protection from predators or parasites and aiding movement. Some fish lack scales and instead have alternatives like tough skin, bony plates, or prickles for protection. In summary, the document outlines the definition, functions, and major types of scales present in different groups of fish.
Respiratory system of pila
Pila is an amphibian that can perform both branchial and pulmonary respiration. When in water, it breathes through gills called ctenidia located in the branchial chamber. On land, it breathes through a pulmonary sac located in the pulmonary chamber. The pulmonary sac allows for gas exchange between air and blood. Pila can also respire underwater using a respiratory tube formed by its nuchal lobe to bring air into the pulmonary sac. Its osphradium organ helps detect chemicals in the water.
Phylum Cnidaria
1. The document provides an overview of the phylum Cnidaria, which includes jellyfish, corals, and hydroids.
2. Cnidarians are radially or biradially symmetrical and have stinging cells called nematocysts. They exhibit a diploblastic body plan with two tissue layers separated by a gelatinous mesoglea.
3. Many cnidarians alternate between a sessile polyp stage and a motile medusa stage. Reproduction involves external fertilization producing a planula larva.
Detailed study of frog (rana tigrina)
This document provides details about the anatomy and physiology of the frog Rana tigrina. It describes the frog's taxonomic classification, external features, digestive system, and respiratory system. The digestive system section explains the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas. The respiratory system section covers the different types of respiration in frogs including through the skin, mouth, and lungs.
Phylum Mollusca
Molluscs are soft-bodied animals with three main body zones - a foot, visceral mass containing internal organs, and mantle. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell or have lost it through evolution. There are three main types - gastropods with one shell, bivalves with two shells, and cephalopods like octopus and squid. Molluscs serve as food but some are poisonous or venomous.
Phylum Mollusca
This document summarizes the characteristics of the phylum Mollusca. It describes their soft unsegmented bodies, bilaterally symmetrical structure, and hard calcareous shells. It divides the body into a head, mantle, visceral mass, and foot. It provides details on their digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and nervous systems. It lists the six major mollusc classes and provides one example for each: Monoplacophora, Amphineura, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda/Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda.
Phylum chordata - zoology
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
General character of reptiles
Reptiles are tetrapod vertebrates that first began living on land. They are cold-blooded with scaly skin and lay eggs on land. Their skin is covered in scales, scutes, or bony plates instead of hair or fur. They have lungs with a large surface area, a three-chambered heart (except crocodiles), and shed their skin through moulting.
Urochordata
- Urochordata, also known as tunicates, are marine chordates characterized by having a notochord only in their larval stage. They belong to the subphylum Urochordata within the phylum Chordata.
- Sea squirts have a free-swimming larval stage with a notochord and tail, but undergo metamorphosis where the notochord is resorbed and they attach themselves permanently to surfaces as sessile filter-feeding adults encased in a tunic.
- The largest class of urochordates is the Ascidiacea, which have a larval stage that transforms into solitary or colonial sessile adults that feed by
Phylum echinodermata 2016
Phylum Echinodermata includes sea stars, sea cucumbers, brittle stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars. They are radially symmetrical with a pentamerous body plan and have a water vascular system and endoskeleton. The phylum contains four classes: Asteroidea (sea stars), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins and sand dollars), and Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers). Echinoderms are found on the ocean floor and have tube feet, spines or plates, and can regenerate lost body parts. Their water vascular system is unique and used for movement, structure, and respiration.
Phylum Cnidaria presentation
The document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria. It includes jellyfish, anemones, corals, hydroids and has over 10,000 species. Cnidarians have diploblastic tissues and a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening. They possess stinging cells called cnidocytes that are used to capture prey. Cnidarians have both polyp and medusa life stages and can reproduce sexually or asexually. The phylum is divided into four classes: Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, and Anthozoa.
Mollusca general characters and classification
The document discusses the phylum Mollusca. Some key points:
- Mollusca is the second largest phylum and includes animals like snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopuses.
- They are soft-bodied and many have an external or internal shell. Their main distinguishing feature is the shell, which has architectural and ornamental value.
- The phylum is divided into 7 classes based on shell structure and foot position. These include Gastropoda (snails and slugs), Bivalvia (clams and oysters), and Cephalopoda (squids and octopuses).
- Molluscs have
Protochordates
Protochordates are lower chordates that lack a true skull. They are divided into three sub-phyla and display characteristics like bilateral symmetry and a notochord at some life stage. Hemichordates live solitarily or in colonies and have a proboscis, collar, and trunk. Urochordates are sessile, filter-feeding tunicates surrounded by a tunic. Cephalochordates have a notochord that extends to the head and retain their nerve cord and tail. While having little economic importance, protochordates have great phylogenetic significance as they retain chordate features and are considered the most primitive chordates closely related to the vertebrate ancestor.
Phylum porifera
This was a group powerpoint presentation made in partial requirement for the course Veterinary Zoology (ZOO 11).
Echinodermata presentation
The document discusses the key characteristics of echinoderms. It describes the five classes of echinoderms - sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, crinoids, and sea cucumbers. It outlines their physical features such as radial symmetry, water vascular system, tube feet, endoskeleton, and ability to regenerate. It also summarizes their sensory structures, reproduction, locomotion, digestion, gas exchange, and other biological systems.
Comparative Anatomy - Skeletal System
The skeletal system is the most important organ system for studying vertebrate morphology. It provides shape, support, and protection to the body. The skeletal system consists of two main parts - the axial skeleton which includes the skull and vertebral column, and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton gives the body its basic form and protects the spinal cord and vital organs. It develops from cartilage that later ossifies into bone. The skull is made up of the neurocranium, dermatocranium, and splanchnocranium. Vertebrae come in different shapes depending on the number and fusion of centra. Ribs attach to vertebrae and form a protective rib cage in most vertebrates
Chordata
The phylum Chordata includes animals that possess three defining features: a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits. It is divided into four subphyla: Hemichordata, Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrates. Hemichordata are considered the lowest chordates and include acorn worms. Urochordata includes tunicates like sea squirts and salps. Cephalochordata consists of lancelets. Vertebrates are the largest group and include humans.
arthropoda Phylum
Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimp, millipedes, and centipedes are all arthropods. Arthropods have jointed feet, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton, a cuticle on the outside of their body. Arthropods have by far the greatest number of species of any animal group, at around 900,000 species
Chordata uro and ceph
- Urochordata and Cephalochordata are two phylums that make up the subphylum Chordata. They share four defining characteristics with all chordates: a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and an early tail.
- As larvae, both urochordates and cephalochordates display these chordate traits but urochordates lose many during metamorphosis while cephalochordates retain them as adults. Cephalochordates are also known as lancelets.
- The notochord is a flexible rod that runs between the digestive and nervous systems and allows these primitive chordates to swim and move.
Annelida- General Characters and classification
This document provides an overview of the phylum Annelida, or segmented worms. It discusses their general characteristics such as segmentation, coelom, circulatory and excretory systems. It then describes the three main classes: Polychaeta (marine worms with many bristles), Oligochaeta (few bristled terrestrial and freshwater worms), and Hirudinea (leeches). Key details are provided on the morphology, habitat, reproduction and examples of representative species for each class.
Scales
Scales cover the bodies of fish and serve to protect them from predators and infection. They are composed of multiple layers including a vascular pulp, dentin middle layer, and outer enamel-like layer. As fish grow, new scales are added while existing scales do not increase in size. Scales help sharks and other fish swim faster by reducing water friction along their bodies.
Scoliodon
The alimentary canal of Scoliodon comprises:
the mouth,
buccal cavity,
pharynx,
oesophagus,
stomach,
intestine and
rectum opening in the cloaca through anus.
Animal kingdom
This document summarizes the classification of animals from the cellular level to the organ system level. It describes 11 animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata. Within Chordata, it outlines the classes of Cyclostomata, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided for each phylum and class.
Ascidia - Zoology - exam point of view
Ascidiacea (commonly known as the ascidians or sea squirts) is a paraphyletic class in the subphylum Tunicata of sac-like marine invertebrate filter feeders
Despite their plant-like appearance, sea squirts are actually more closely related to vertebrates than they are to invertebrates such as sponges and coral.
There are more than 3,000 known sea squirt species found on the seabed around the world, with the majority of sea squirt species being found in the warmer, nutrient-rich tropical waters.
Sea squirts can vary from just 3cm to 30cm in length depending on the species of sea squirt and its habitat.
More Related Content
What's hot
Phylum Cnidaria
1. The document provides an overview of the phylum Cnidaria, which includes jellyfish, corals, and hydroids.
2. Cnidarians are radially or biradially symmetrical and have stinging cells called nematocysts. They exhibit a diploblastic body plan with two tissue layers separated by a gelatinous mesoglea.
3. Many cnidarians alternate between a sessile polyp stage and a motile medusa stage. Reproduction involves external fertilization producing a planula larva.
Detailed study of frog (rana tigrina)
This document provides details about the anatomy and physiology of the frog Rana tigrina. It describes the frog's taxonomic classification, external features, digestive system, and respiratory system. The digestive system section explains the mouth, esophagus, stomach, intestines, liver and pancreas. The respiratory system section covers the different types of respiration in frogs including through the skin, mouth, and lungs.
Phylum Mollusca
Molluscs are soft-bodied animals with three main body zones - a foot, visceral mass containing internal organs, and mantle. They have a hard calcium carbonate shell or have lost it through evolution. There are three main types - gastropods with one shell, bivalves with two shells, and cephalopods like octopus and squid. Molluscs serve as food but some are poisonous or venomous.
Phylum Mollusca
This document summarizes the characteristics of the phylum Mollusca. It describes their soft unsegmented bodies, bilaterally symmetrical structure, and hard calcareous shells. It divides the body into a head, mantle, visceral mass, and foot. It provides details on their digestive, respiratory, circulatory, excretory, and nervous systems. It lists the six major mollusc classes and provides one example for each: Monoplacophora, Amphineura, Scaphopoda, Gastropoda, Pelecypoda/Bivalvia, and Cephalopoda.
Phylum chordata - zoology
The chordates are named for the notochord: a flexible, rod-shaped structure that is found in the embryonic stage of all chordates and also in the adult stage of some chordate species.
It is located between the digestive tube and the nerve cord, providing skeletal support through the length of the body.
In some chordates, the notochord acts as the primary axial support of the body throughout the animal's lifetime.
General character of reptiles
Reptiles are tetrapod vertebrates that first began living on land. They are cold-blooded with scaly skin and lay eggs on land. Their skin is covered in scales, scutes, or bony plates instead of hair or fur. They have lungs with a large surface area, a three-chambered heart (except crocodiles), and shed their skin through moulting.
Urochordata
- Urochordata, also known as tunicates, are marine chordates characterized by having a notochord only in their larval stage. They belong to the subphylum Urochordata within the phylum Chordata.
- Sea squirts have a free-swimming larval stage with a notochord and tail, but undergo metamorphosis where the notochord is resorbed and they attach themselves permanently to surfaces as sessile filter-feeding adults encased in a tunic.
- The largest class of urochordates is the Ascidiacea, which have a larval stage that transforms into solitary or colonial sessile adults that feed by
Phylum echinodermata 2016
Phylum Echinodermata includes sea stars, sea cucumbers, brittle stars, sea urchins, and sand dollars. They are radially symmetrical with a pentamerous body plan and have a water vascular system and endoskeleton. The phylum contains four classes: Asteroidea (sea stars), Ophiuroidea (brittle stars), Echinoidea (sea urchins and sand dollars), and Holothuroidea (sea cucumbers). Echinoderms are found on the ocean floor and have tube feet, spines or plates, and can regenerate lost body parts. Their water vascular system is unique and used for movement, structure, and respiration.
Phylum Cnidaria presentation
The document summarizes key characteristics of the phylum Cnidaria. It includes jellyfish, anemones, corals, hydroids and has over 10,000 species. Cnidarians have diploblastic tissues and a gastrovascular cavity with a single opening. They possess stinging cells called cnidocytes that are used to capture prey. Cnidarians have both polyp and medusa life stages and can reproduce sexually or asexually. The phylum is divided into four classes: Hydrozoa, Scyphozoa, Cubozoa, and Anthozoa.
Mollusca general characters and classification
The document discusses the phylum Mollusca. Some key points:
- Mollusca is the second largest phylum and includes animals like snails, slugs, clams, squids and octopuses.
- They are soft-bodied and many have an external or internal shell. Their main distinguishing feature is the shell, which has architectural and ornamental value.
- The phylum is divided into 7 classes based on shell structure and foot position. These include Gastropoda (snails and slugs), Bivalvia (clams and oysters), and Cephalopoda (squids and octopuses).
- Molluscs have
Protochordates
Protochordates are lower chordates that lack a true skull. They are divided into three sub-phyla and display characteristics like bilateral symmetry and a notochord at some life stage. Hemichordates live solitarily or in colonies and have a proboscis, collar, and trunk. Urochordates are sessile, filter-feeding tunicates surrounded by a tunic. Cephalochordates have a notochord that extends to the head and retain their nerve cord and tail. While having little economic importance, protochordates have great phylogenetic significance as they retain chordate features and are considered the most primitive chordates closely related to the vertebrate ancestor.
Phylum porifera
This was a group powerpoint presentation made in partial requirement for the course Veterinary Zoology (ZOO 11).
Echinodermata presentation
The document discusses the key characteristics of echinoderms. It describes the five classes of echinoderms - sea stars, brittle stars, sea urchins, crinoids, and sea cucumbers. It outlines their physical features such as radial symmetry, water vascular system, tube feet, endoskeleton, and ability to regenerate. It also summarizes their sensory structures, reproduction, locomotion, digestion, gas exchange, and other biological systems.
Comparative Anatomy - Skeletal System
The skeletal system is the most important organ system for studying vertebrate morphology. It provides shape, support, and protection to the body. The skeletal system consists of two main parts - the axial skeleton which includes the skull and vertebral column, and the appendicular skeleton. The axial skeleton gives the body its basic form and protects the spinal cord and vital organs. It develops from cartilage that later ossifies into bone. The skull is made up of the neurocranium, dermatocranium, and splanchnocranium. Vertebrae come in different shapes depending on the number and fusion of centra. Ribs attach to vertebrae and form a protective rib cage in most vertebrates
Chordata
The phylum Chordata includes animals that possess three defining features: a notochord, a dorsal hollow nerve cord, and pharyngeal slits. It is divided into four subphyla: Hemichordata, Urochordata, Cephalochordata, and Vertebrates. Hemichordata are considered the lowest chordates and include acorn worms. Urochordata includes tunicates like sea squirts and salps. Cephalochordata consists of lancelets. Vertebrates are the largest group and include humans.
arthropoda Phylum
Insects, spiders, crabs, shrimp, millipedes, and centipedes are all arthropods. Arthropods have jointed feet, a segmented body, and an exoskeleton, a cuticle on the outside of their body. Arthropods have by far the greatest number of species of any animal group, at around 900,000 species
Chordata uro and ceph
- Urochordata and Cephalochordata are two phylums that make up the subphylum Chordata. They share four defining characteristics with all chordates: a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, and an early tail.
- As larvae, both urochordates and cephalochordates display these chordate traits but urochordates lose many during metamorphosis while cephalochordates retain them as adults. Cephalochordates are also known as lancelets.
- The notochord is a flexible rod that runs between the digestive and nervous systems and allows these primitive chordates to swim and move.
Annelida- General Characters and classification
This document provides an overview of the phylum Annelida, or segmented worms. It discusses their general characteristics such as segmentation, coelom, circulatory and excretory systems. It then describes the three main classes: Polychaeta (marine worms with many bristles), Oligochaeta (few bristled terrestrial and freshwater worms), and Hirudinea (leeches). Key details are provided on the morphology, habitat, reproduction and examples of representative species for each class.
Scales
Scales cover the bodies of fish and serve to protect them from predators and infection. They are composed of multiple layers including a vascular pulp, dentin middle layer, and outer enamel-like layer. As fish grow, new scales are added while existing scales do not increase in size. Scales help sharks and other fish swim faster by reducing water friction along their bodies.
Scoliodon
The alimentary canal of Scoliodon comprises:
the mouth,
buccal cavity,
pharynx,
oesophagus,
stomach,
intestine and
rectum opening in the cloaca through anus.
What's hot (20)
Similar to Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology
Animal kingdom
This document summarizes the classification of animals from the cellular level to the organ system level. It describes 11 animal phyla: Porifera, Cnidaria, Ctenophora, Platyhelminthes, Aschelminthes, Annelida, Arthropoda, Mollusca, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, and Chordata. Within Chordata, it outlines the classes of Cyclostomata, Chondrichthyes, Osteichthyes, Amphibia, Reptilia, Aves, and Mammalia. Key distinguishing characteristics are provided for each phylum and class.
Ascidia - Zoology - exam point of view
Ascidiacea (commonly known as the ascidians or sea squirts) is a paraphyletic class in the subphylum Tunicata of sac-like marine invertebrate filter feeders
Despite their plant-like appearance, sea squirts are actually more closely related to vertebrates than they are to invertebrates such as sponges and coral.
There are more than 3,000 known sea squirt species found on the seabed around the world, with the majority of sea squirt species being found in the warmer, nutrient-rich tropical waters.
Sea squirts can vary from just 3cm to 30cm in length depending on the species of sea squirt and its habitat.
Excretory organs in Amphioxus.pptx
Excretory organs in Amphioxus.pptxDr. Arun Gaware, Dept. Of Zoology, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce and Science College, Motala, Buldhana
This document discusses the excretory organs and reproductive system of the lancelet (Branchiostoma). It notes that the lancelet's excretory organs called nephridia develop from ectodermal cells, unlike the mesodermal kidneys of other chordates. The nephridia resemble the protonephridia of flatworms and annelids. The document also describes the lancelet's gonads, noting that the two sexes are separate but indistinguishable. Fertilization is external and gametes are released into the sea water during breeding season in late spring/early summer.Lecture 8 phylum annelida
Annelida is a phylum of segmented worms that includes earthworms, leeches, and polychaetes. They have elongated bodies divided into many similar segments. Key features include a coelom, metamerism, and parapodia used for locomotion and respiration. The three main classes are Polychaeta (bristle worms), Oligochaeta (earthworms and related species), and Hirudinea (leeches). Annelids display a variety of forms and habitats but are generally successful due to their tube-within-a-tube body design allowing for organ and fluid compartmentalization.
Animal kingdom
This document discusses the classification of animals in the kingdom Animalia. It covers the major animal phyla from Porifera to Chordata, including key characteristics used for classification such as symmetry, germ layers, body systems, and examples of each phylum. The major vertebrate groups are also summarized, from Cyclostomata to Mammalia. Classification is primarily based on levels of organization, body plan complexity, and characteristics of major organ systems.
Amphioxus (Branchiostoma)
Amphioxus (Branchiostoma) - Structure, Digestive system, Circulatory system, Sense organs and Protonephridia
Frog presenation
Frogs can live both on land and in freshwater. They are cold-blooded and have smooth, slippery skin with the ability to change color for camouflage. Their anatomy includes systems for digestion, respiration, circulation, excretion, and reproduction. Males have vocal sacs and a copulatory pad while females lay many eggs that hatch into tadpoles undergoing metamorphosis to become adult frogs.
Peces cartilaginosos y oseos
This document discusses the anatomy and characteristics of cartilaginous fish and bony fish. It describes the key differences between sharks, rays, and bony fish. Sharks have cartilaginous skeletons, placoid scales, 5-7 pairs of gill slits, and heterocercal tails. Rays are dorsoventrally flattened with enlarged pectoral fins and live on ocean floors. Bony fish have bony skeletons, swim bladders, 4 pairs of gills protected by opercula, and dermal scales. Their circulatory system includes a two-chambered heart.
Phylum Annelida - Class Polychaeta, Class Oligochaeta, Class Hirudinea
The document summarizes the annelid phylum, focusing on the class Polychaeta. Some key points:
- Polychaeta are segmented marine worms with parapodia used for locomotion and respiration. They display a range of feeding modes from predation to filter feeding.
- They have a distinct head with sensory organs and a retractable pharynx with jaws. Their body segments bear appendages called parapodia with setae.
- Reproduction varies but often involves asexual budding or releasing gametes into the water column in mass spawnings tied to lunar cycles.
- Examples discussed include clam worms, blood worms, fanworms and tubeworms, which may bur
Class Bivalvia , cephalopoda , Gastropoda
Class Bivalvia ,cephalopoda ,Gastropoda
Reproduction
development
maintanence fuctions and diversity
Presentation
Best of Luck
Phylum Gastropoda
The document summarizes key aspects of gastropods (snails and slugs):
- Gastropods undergo a process called torsion in development where the visceral mass and mantle cavity twist 180 degrees, positioning organs and openings optimally for protection and function.
- Most gastropod shells coil asymmetrically into a compact form to accommodate internal organs.
- Gastropods use their muscular foot for locomotion and have various feeding, digestive, gas exchange, sensory, excretory and reproductive systems adapted for their habitats.
- With over 35,000 species, gastropods occupy a wide range of marine, freshwater and terrestrial habitats and fill important ecological roles.
Phylummollusca 120305091619-phpapp01
This document summarizes the phylum Mollusca. It describes their soft-bodied structure, shells, body zones, digestive and excretory systems. It also discusses their nervous systems, circulation, reproduction, locomotion, and the three main types - gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods. Key details are provided on anatomy and examples of common mollusks within each type. Their ecological importance as food and environmental indicators is also noted.
Mollusks and annelids
The document compares and contrasts the characteristics of mollusks and annelids. Both phyla are bilaterally symmetrical with a soft body and internal coelom. They can live in various environments on land or in water. Mollusks have a hard shell that protects their soft body, while annelids move via alternating circular and longitudinal muscles. Both groups exhibit a range of reproductive strategies including asexual reproduction and hermaphroditism. They have organ systems that allow for respiration, circulation, digestion, and nerve conduction.
scoliodon.pptx
This document provides information on the systematic position and external structures of the shark Scoliodon sorrakowah. It belongs to the class Elasmobranchii. It has a laterally compressed body up to 60 cm long, with dorsal grey and ventral white coloring. Its scales cover the body and form teeth inside the jaws. It has circular eyes with eyelids and nictitating membranes. The skin has an outer epidermis and inner dermis layer. Scoliodon is a marine carnivore found in tropical Indian waters, eating small fish and invertebrates. Both sexes mature between 1-2 years old.
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
THIS PPT IS ABOUT DETAILED CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANISMS IN THE ANIMALIA KINGDOM IN THE CLASSIFICATION OF ORGANISMS
Reptilia.pptx
Reptilia.pptxDr. Arun Gaware, Dept. Of Zoology, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce and Science College, Motala, Buldhana
The document summarizes the anatomy and physiology of the Oriental Garden Lizard (Calotes versicolor). It describes its external features, internal structures including its circulatory, excretory, and reproductive systems. Key points include that it is a common arboreal lizard found in South Asia, it is insectivorous but also preys on smaller animals, and the male has brightly colored scales while the female has duller coloring.INVERTEBRATES Annelida.pdf
The document provides information about the phylum Annelida, specifically focusing on the classes Polychaeta, Oligochaeta, and Hirudinea. Some key points:
1) Annelida are metameric, bilaterally symmetrical worms with a closed circulatory system. They display both metamerism and sometimes tagmatization.
2) Polychaeta are mostly marine worms with parapodia and setae. They include sand worms, blood worms, and tube-dwelling filter feeders.
3) Oligochaeta include soil-building earthworms. They lack parapodia and have a clitellum and prostomium for burrowing.
4
Excretory system of fishes
The document summarizes the anatomy and histology of the excretory system in fish. It describes the key parts of the system - the kidneys, ureters and urinary bladder. It discusses the structure and functions of the different regions of the kidney, including the head kidney which is hematopoietic and endocrine, and the trunk kidney which is excretory. It also describes the histology of the nephrons, ureters, and other tissues like the corpuscles of Stannius. Overall, the document provides a detailed overview of the excretory system and kidney structure-function relationships in fish.
Structure of respiratory organs
Respiration requires the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between an organism and its environment. Aquatic animals like fish have evolved gills for gas exchange with water, while most terrestrial vertebrates use lungs. Gills are thin, highly-branched tissue that increase the surface area for diffusion. In fish, blood flows countercurrently to water through the gills, maintaining an oxygen gradient for continuous gas exchange. Lungs in land animals facilitate gas exchange with air.
ANNELIDA (segmented worms)
This presentation is prepared for reports, assignments, notes and for educational purposes. feel fee to download !!!
Similar to Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology (20)
Phylum Annelida - Class Polychaeta, Class Oligochaeta, Class Hirudinea
Phylum Annelida - Class Polychaeta, Class Oligochaeta, Class Hirudinea
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
PROPERTIES AND CHARACTERISTICS OF THE ANIMAL KINGDOM
More from Sijo A
Microbial Biotechnology- Current trends
Microbial biotechnology is the use of microorganisms to obtain an economically valuable product or activity at a commercial or large scale.
Like any other man-made technology, microbial biotechnology has both positive and negative effects on the environment.
Biotechnology may carry more risk than other scientific fields: microbes are tiny and difficult to detect, but the dangers are potentially vast.
The use of biotechnical methods—including genetically-engineered microorganisms—is indispensable for the manufacture of many products essential to mankind.
For better or for worse, it is the mankind's task to tackle the problems that are associated with the use of this technology, and which to a high degree are located in the field of unwanted environmental impacts.
The use of biotechnology should be restricted to enhancing the quality of life for plants, animals and human beings only. Anything beyond that is unnatural and highly disastrous to us.
AMR & Alternative Stratergies - Microbiology
Antibiotic resistance poses one of the most important health challenges of the 21st century.
The rise of multidrug-resistant bacteria has already led to a significant increase in human disease and death.
The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimates that approximately 2.8 million people worldwide are infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, accounting for 35,000 deaths each year in the U.S. and 700,000 deaths around the globe.
Medical Microbiology - Immunology
When a pathogen enters the body, it’s confronted by elements of the innate immune system, which constitute the first line of defense.
Once breached, the adaptive response takes over, but it typically takes few days to be effective.
Immunity is the processes that occur to defend the body against foreign organisms or molecules.
Immunity includes:
Inflammation.
Complement activation.
Phagocytosis.
Antibody synthesis.
Effector T lymphocytes.
General Characteristics of Viruses
Obligate intracellular, unable to self-replicate.
Once inside living cells, viruses induce the host cell to synthesize virus particles.
The genome is either DNA or RNA (single or double stranded).
Viruses do not have a system to produce ATP.
Viruses range in size from 25 to 270 nm.
Viral tropism!!
The classification of viruses is based on nucleic acid type, size and shape of virion, and presence or absence of an envelope.
Viral Structure
I . Virion is the entire viral particle.
2. Capsid is the protein coat that encloses the genetic material.
3. Capsomer is the protein subunit that makes up the capsid.
4. Nucleocapsid is composed of the capsid and genetic material.
5. The envelope is the outer coating composed of a phospholipid bilayer, which is composed of viral-encoded glycoproteins and sometimes viral encoded matrix proteins. The envelope is derived from a host cell's membrane.
Some viruses use the plasma membrane, whereas others use endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, or nuclear membranes. Naked nucleocapsids are viruses with no envelopes.
Medical Microbiology - Bacteriology
Gram reaction & characteristics:
Gram +ve cocci arrange in clusters (grape-like), non-motile.
Habitat:
Flora in the anterior nares (10-60% of population), nasopharynx, perineal area, skin & mucosa.
Virulence factor:
Protein A (binds Fc portion of IgG), coagulase (forms fibrin coat around organism) hemolysins, leukocidins (destroy RBCs and WBCs), hyaluronidase (breaks down connective tissue), staphylokinase (lyses formed clots), lipase (breaks down fat), Toxic shock syndrome toxin.
Disease:
Causes food poisoning (via enterotoxin), pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, septic arthritis bacteremia, endocarditis, wounds, abscesses, suppurative cutaneous infections, staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome, boils (carbuncles), furuncles, sinusitis, otitis media, folliculitis, impetigo, scalded skin syndrome (SSS), Tricuspid valve endocarditis (TVIE)> affects IV drug users.
Produces six types of enterotoxin and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1)> TSS (fever, diarrhea, kidney failure, fever, headache). Ritter’s disease in newborn (severe form of scalded skin syndrome in neonates).
S. aureus is a leading cause of osteomyelitis in children and adults.
Medical Microbiology - Parasitology
Habitat:
large intestine.
Disease:
Amoebic dysentery, Amebic colitis, ulcers (flask shape), amoebic liver abscess (ALA)> Extraintestinal amebiasis. Abdominal cramping, anorexia, fatigue, and diarrhea. Additional conditions include infections of the spleen, brain, and lungs.
Host:
Human is the definitive host.
Infective stage:
Mature cyst: 8 to 22 μm, spherical, One to four nuclei. Chromatoid body.
Diagnostic stage:
1. Cyst.
2. Trophozoite: 5 to 70 μm, Pseudopods, directional motility, One nucleus. Cytoplasm may contain red blood cell (diagnostic).
Mode of transmission:
Cysts are ingested via contaminated food or water.
Medical Microbiology - Mycology
“mykos” meaning mushroom.
Mycology is the study of fungi.
The fungi possess rigid cell walls:
Chitin and ergosterol, mannan and other polysaccharides.
Beta-glucan is most important, because it is the target of antifungal drug caspofungin.
Fungi are eukaryotic organisms VS bacteria (prokaryotic).
The cell membrane of fungus contains ergosterol, unlike human cell membrane which contains cholesterol.
Most fungi are obligate aerobes or facultative anaerobes, but none are obligate anaerobes.
The natural habitat of most fungi is environment, require a preformed organic source of carbon, association with decaying matter.
C. albicans is an exception!!!
Clinical Microbiology - Serology
Since antigen and antibody reactions are specific, they can be used to identify each other.
These diagnostic tests are particularly useful in diagnosing for examples: infectious diseases, autoimmune diseases, and in typing of blood and tissues prior to transplantation.
Clinical Microbiology Practical - 1
Specimens for bacteriology investigation should be forwarded as soon as possible to the laboratory in leak-proof, sterile containers.
Neutral glycerol saline should be added to stool sample if there is any delay before laboratory examination.
Complete early morning urine specimen (250 ml), for diagnosis of renal tuberculosis.
Plain tube (blood) for serology.
Blood clot may be cultured by adding a selective culture medium, e.g., for enteric organisms.
Blood for blood culture (blood culture bottle, liquid, 5 to 19ml, 50 ml). The blood is injected by insertion of syringe needle through a hole in the cap and through the central rubber or plastic liner. Don’t remove the cap. Blood culture at RT, not more than 12 hrs.
For serous fluids collection (pleural fluid), universal container is used.
Sputum collected in wide-mouthed disposable container.
Anaerobic Gram-Positive Spore-Forming Bacilli
Gram reaction & characteristics:
Gram positive or gram variable bacilli, sore forming, obligate anaerobe, non-motile. brick-shaped rods/box car. Spores rarely seen. Spores are subterminal but difficult to induce.
Habitat:
Common inhabitant of the colon.
Virulence factor:
Produces several exotoxins; alphatoxin, the most important, mediates destruction of host cell membranes; enterotoxin inserts and disrupts membranes of mucosal cells; beta-toxin is a cytotoxin. Hemolysin, necrotizing toxin.
Disease:
Cellulitis, gas gangrene.
Alpha toxin (lecithinase) → muscle cell necrosis, degradative enzymes → subcutaneous gas bubbles → crepitus myonecrosis with crepitus (crackles), gangrenous muscles → black fluid exudate leaking from skin.
Post-abortion sepsis, abdominal infections, and enterocolitis, septicemia.
Gram negative bacilli (Enterobacteriaceae)
Most medically important family of non–spore-forming gram-negative rods.
Most species are normal flora of the GI tract. Salmonella, Shigella, and Yersinia are not normal GI flora.
Major cause of nosocomial infections
Diseases include UTIs, gastroenteritis, septicemia, food poisoning, wound infections, peritonitis, pneumonia, and meningitis
The family exhibits four serological characteristics:
O (somatic) antigen-A cell wall antigen-LPS (heat stable), Used for serological grouping of Salmonella & Shigella.
K (envelope) antigen-Capsular antigen (heat labile)
H (flagellar) antigen-Flagellar antigen-protein (heat labile), Used to serotype Salmonella.
Vi antigen-Capsular antigen of Salmonella Typhi-polysaccharide (heat labile), Role in preventing phagocytosis, may mask O Ag, removed by heating.
Enterobacteriaceae are facultative anaerobes, ferment glucose. Positive nitrate and catalase, non-hemolytic. Except for Plesiomonas, they are oxidase negative.
DNA Viruses - Microbiology
This document summarizes different DNA and RNA viruses. For DNA viruses, it describes the structure, transmission, disease caused, diagnosis and prevention of adenoviruses, hepadnaviruses, herpesviruses, papillomaviruses, polyomaviruses, parvoviruses and poxviruses. For RNA viruses, it discusses the arenaviruses, bunyaviruses, calciviruses, coronaviruses, filoviruses, flaviviruses, orthomyxoviruses, paramyxoviruses, picornaviruses and their characteristics. It provides a detailed overview of the key viral families and genera that infect humans.
Aerobic Non-Spore-Forming Gram-Positive Bacilli
Disease: listeriosis.
L. monocytogenes causes a variety of infections in neonates, pregnant women, and immunosuppressed patients.
CNS infections: meningitis, encephalitis, brain abscess, spinal cord infections.
Neonatal:
Early onset: Granulomatosis infantisepticum—in utero infection disseminated systemically that causes stillbirth.
Late onset: Bacterial meningitis.
Food poisoning, bacteremia.
Mode of transmission:
Direct contact: Human gastrointestinal tract, ingestion of contaminated food, such as meat and dairy products.
Endogenous strain: Colonized mothers may pass organism to fetus. Portal of entry is probably from gastrointestinal tract to blood and in some instances from blood to meninges.
Aquatic Biofilm : Biotechnology
Biofilms are common in the natural world.
Biofilms are a collective of one or more types of microorganisms that can grow on many different surfaces.
The vast majority of the earth’s microorganisms (99 %) live in biofilms.
Microorganisms that form biofilms include bacteria, fungi, algae and some enteric viruses.
The biofilm matrix is an important part of the biofilm containing the microbial cells, exopolysaccharides, and water.
Usually, the microbial cells in a biofilm are embedded in the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) Produced by themselves which is also called Slime.
EPS contains extracellular DNA, proteins, and polysaccharides which form slime.
Microbial cells in the biofilm are different from the planktonic cells that are single cells and can float on a liquid medium.
History of plant pathology
Introduction to the science of plant pathology, its objectives, scope and historical background. Classification of plant diseases, symptoms, signs, and related terminology. Parasitic causes of plant diseases (fungi, bacteria, viruses, phytoplasma, protozoa, algae and flowering parasitic plants), their characteristics and classification. Non-parasitic causes of plant diseases. Infection process. Survival and dispersal of plant pathogens. Plant disease epidemiology, forecasting and disease assessment. Principles and methods of plant disease management. Integrated plant disease management.
Pathogen related proteins (Biotechnology)
Pathogen related proteins of inequality are proteins are structurally diverse group of plant proteins that are toxic to invading fungal pathogen
They are widely distributed in plants in trace amounts, but are produced in much greater concentration in pathogen attack on stress full.
PR proteins are either extremely acidic or extremely basic and therefore a highly soluble and reactive.
these are low molecular weight proteins which accumulate 2 significant level in infected plant tissues.
Classification of Fungi (Mycology)
Fungi (singular: fungus) are a kingdom of usually multicellular eukaryotic organisms that are heterotrophs (cannot make their own food) and have important roles in nutrient cycling in an ecosystem. Fungi reproduce both sexually and asexually, and they also have symbiotic associations with plants and bacteria.
Entamaoeba Histolytica (Exam Point of View)
Entamoeba histolytica was first discovered by Losch in 1875.
It is worldwide distribution.
It is prevalent in tropical and subtropical countries where sanitary conditions are poor.
In india, it is prevalent in Chandigarh, Tamil Nadu & Maharashtra.
It is found in the colon of man.
It is monogenetic because the whole life cycle completed within a single host, i.e. man.
Plant taxonomic keys - Botany
Botany is the science and art of studying plants, that carry
out photosynthesis. Botany includes a wide range of scientific sub disciplines
t h a t s t u d y t h e s t r u c t u r e , g r o w t h , r e p r o d u c t i o n ,
metabolism, development, diseases, ecology and
evolution of plants. The study of plants is important because they are a
fundamental part of life on Earth, generating food, oxygen, fuel,
medicine and fibers that allow other life forms to exist. Through
photosynthesis they absorb carbon dioxide, a waste
product generated by most animals and a greenhouse gas that
contributes to global warming.
Human diseases caused by viruses
Infectious diseases are mainly caused by
microbes.
These are small microorganisms which are
invisible with the naked eye.
They mainly include bacteria, virus, fungi
and parasites.
The symptoms caused by infection depends
on
the location.
Nature of the infection
Type of the microbe
More from Sijo A (20)
Recently uploaded
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Presentation given at the official farewell of Prof Ken Gillet at Wageningen on 13 June 2024
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Ozturkcan, S., Berndt, A., & Angelakis, A. (2024). Mending clothing to support sustainable fashion. Presented at the 31st Annual Conference by the Consortium for International Marketing Research (CIMaR), 10-13 Jun 2024, University of Gävle, Sweden.
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
A proprietary approach developed by bringing together the best of learning theories from Psychology, design principles from the world of visualization, and pedagogical methods from over a decade of training experience, that enables you to: Learn better, faster!
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
We will metaverse into the essence of immersive learning, into its three dimensions and conceptual models. This approach encompasses elements from teaching methodologies to social involvement, through organizational concerns and technologies. Challenging the perception of learning as knowledge transfer, we introduce a 'Uses, Practices & Strategies' model operationalized by the 'Immersive Learning Brain' and ‘Immersion Cube’ frameworks. This approach offers a comprehensive guide through the intricacies of immersive educational experiences and spotlighting research frontiers, along the immersion dimensions of system, narrative, and agency. Our discourse extends to stakeholders beyond the academic sphere, addressing the interests of technologists, instructional designers, and policymakers. We span various contexts, from formal education to organizational transformation to the new horizon of an AI-pervasive society. This keynote aims to unite the iLRN community in a collaborative journey towards a future where immersive learning research and practice coalesce, paving the way for innovative educational research and practice landscapes.
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Recent theoretical progress indicates that spacetime and gravity emerge together from the entanglement structure of an underlying microscopic theory. These ideas are best understood in Anti-de Sitter space, where they rely on the area law for entanglement entropy. The extension to de Sitter space requires taking into account the entropy and temperature associated with the cosmological horizon. Using insights from string theory, black hole physics and quantum information theory we argue that the positive dark energy leads to a thermal volume law contribution to the entropy that overtakes the area law precisely at the cosmological horizon. Due to the competition between area and volume law entanglement the microscopic de Sitter states do not thermalise at sub-Hubble scales: they exhibit memory effects in the form of an entropy displacement caused by matter. The emergent laws of gravity contain an additional ‘dark’ gravitational force describing the ‘elastic’ response due to the entropy displacement. We derive an estimate of the strength of this extra force in terms of the baryonic mass, Newton’s constant and the Hubble acceleration scale a0 = cH0, and provide evidence for the fact that this additional ‘dark gravity force’ explains the observed phenomena in galaxies and clusters currently attributed to dark matter.
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Centrifugation is a powerful technique used in laboratories to separate components of a heterogeneous mixture based on their density. This process utilizes centrifugal force to rapidly spin samples, causing denser particles to migrate outward more quickly than lighter ones. As a result, distinct layers form within the sample tube, allowing for easy isolation and purification of target substances.
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Current descriptions of immersive learning cases are often difficult or impossible to compare. This is due to a myriad of different options on what details to include, which aspects are relevant, and on the descriptive approaches employed. Also, these aspects often combine very specific details with more general guidelines or indicate intents and rationales without clarifying their implementation. In this paper we provide a method to describe immersive learning cases that is structured to enable comparisons, yet flexible enough to allow researchers and practitioners to decide which aspects to include. This method leverages a taxonomy that classifies educational aspects at three levels (uses, practices, and strategies) and then utilizes two frameworks, the Immersive Learning Brain and the Immersion Cube, to enable a structured description and interpretation of immersive learning cases. The method is then demonstrated on a published immersive learning case on training for wind turbine maintenance using virtual reality. Applying the method results in a structured artifact, the Immersive Learning Case Sheet, that tags the case with its proximal uses, practices, and strategies, and refines the free text case description to ensure that matching details are included. This contribution is thus a case description method in support of future comparative research of immersive learning cases. We then discuss how the resulting description and interpretation can be leveraged to change immersion learning cases, by enriching them (considering low-effort changes or additions) or innovating (exploring more challenging avenues of transformation). The method holds significant promise to support better-grounded research in immersive learning.
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...Scintica Instrumentation
Targeting Hsp90 and its pathogen Orthologs with Tethered Inhibitors as a Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategy for cancer and infectious diseases with Dr. Timothy Haystead.ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...Advanced-Concepts-Team
Presentation in the Science Coffee of the Advanced Concepts Team of the European Space Agency on the 07.06.2024.
Speaker: Diego Blas (IFAE/ICREA)
Title: Gravitational wave detection with orbital motion of Moon and artificial
Abstract:
In this talk I will describe some recent ideas to find gravitational waves from supermassive black holes or of primordial origin by studying their secular effect on the orbital motion of the Moon or satellites that are laser ranged.SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
Context. The early-type galaxy SDSS J133519.91+072807.4 (hereafter SDSS1335+0728), which had exhibited no prior optical variations during the preceding two decades, began showing significant nuclear variability in the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) alert stream from December 2019 (as ZTF19acnskyy). This variability behaviour, coupled with the host-galaxy properties, suggests that SDSS1335+0728 hosts a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole (BH) that is currently in the process of ‘turning on’. Aims. We present a multi-wavelength photometric analysis and spectroscopic follow-up performed with the aim of better understanding the origin of the nuclear variations detected in SDSS1335+0728. Methods. We used archival photometry (from WISE, 2MASS, SDSS, GALEX, eROSITA) and spectroscopic data (from SDSS and LAMOST) to study the state of SDSS1335+0728 prior to December 2019, and new observations from Swift, SOAR/Goodman, VLT/X-shooter, and Keck/LRIS taken after its turn-on to characterise its current state. We analysed the variability of SDSS1335+0728 in the X-ray/UV/optical/mid-infrared range, modelled its spectral energy distribution prior to and after December 2019, and studied the evolution of its UV/optical spectra. Results. From our multi-wavelength photometric analysis, we find that: (a) since 2021, the UV flux (from Swift/UVOT observations) is four times brighter than the flux reported by GALEX in 2004; (b) since June 2022, the mid-infrared flux has risen more than two times, and the W1−W2 WISE colour has become redder; and (c) since February 2024, the source has begun showing X-ray emission. From our spectroscopic follow-up, we see that (i) the narrow emission line ratios are now consistent with a more energetic ionising continuum; (ii) broad emission lines are not detected; and (iii) the [OIII] line increased its flux ∼ 3.6 years after the first ZTF alert, which implies a relatively compact narrow-line-emitting region. Conclusions. We conclude that the variations observed in SDSS1335+0728 could be either explained by a ∼ 106M⊙ AGN that is just turning on or by an exotic tidal disruption event (TDE). If the former is true, SDSS1335+0728 is one of the strongest cases of an AGNobserved in the process of activating. If the latter were found to be the case, it would correspond to the longest and faintest TDE ever observed (or another class of still unknown nuclear transient). Future observations of SDSS1335+0728 are crucial to further understand its behaviour. Key words. galaxies: active– accretion, accretion discs– galaxies: individual: SDSS J133519.91+072807.4
Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE
Slides from talk:
Aleš Zamuda: Randomised Optimisation Algorithms in DAPHNE .
Austrian-Slovenian HPC Meeting 2024 – ASHPC24, Seeblickhotel Grundlsee in Austria, 10–13 June 2024
https://ashpc.eu/
Pests of Storage_Identification_Dr.UPR.pdf
InIndia-post-harvestlosses-unscientificstorage,insects,rodents,micro-organismsetc.,accountforabout10percentoftotalfoodgrains
Graininfestation
Directdamage
Indirectly
•theexuviae,skin,deadinsects
•theirexcretawhichmakefoodunfitforhumanconsumption
About600speciesofinsectshavebeenassociatedwithstoredgrainproducts
100speciesofinsectpestsofstoredproductscauseeconomiclosses
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart Agriculture
Direct Seeded Rice - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Direct Seeded Rice presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart Agriculture
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart AgricultureInternational Food Policy Research Institute- South Asia Office
PPT on Sustainable Land Management presented at the three-day 'Training and Validation Workshop on Modules of Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) Technologies in South Asia' workshop on April 22, 2024.
Recently uploaded (20)
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Farming systems analysis: what have we learnt?.pptx
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Mending Clothing to Support Sustainable Fashion_CIMaR 2024.pdf
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Sexuality - Issues, Attitude and Behaviour - Applied Social Psychology - Psyc...
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Immersive Learning That Works: Research Grounding and Paths Forward
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
Anti-Universe And Emergent Gravity and the Dark Universe
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
TOPIC OF DISCUSSION: CENTRIFUGATION SLIDESHARE.pptx
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
Describing and Interpreting an Immersive Learning Case with the Immersion Cub...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
(June 12, 2024) Webinar: Development of PET theranostics targeting the molecu...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
ESA/ACT Science Coffee: Diego Blas - Gravitational wave detection with orbita...
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
SDSS1335+0728: The awakening of a ∼ 106M⊙ black hole⋆
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
GBSN - Biochemistry (Unit 6) Chemistry of Proteins
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart Agriculture
Sustainable Land Management - Climate Smart Agriculture
Subphylum Cephalochordata - zoology
- 2. CEPHALOCHORDATA • The Cephalochordata are a small subphylum (about 28 species) of small, 5 to 10 centimetres long. • All known species are marine. They occur all around the world in both temperate and tropical waters. • Cephalochordates live in shallow marine or brackish water all over the world. They can actively swim around, but most of the time are sedentary, buried in sand.
- 3. • The dorsal nerve cord is supported by a muscularized rod, or notochord. • The pharynx is perforated by over 100 pharyngeal slits or "gill slits", which are used to strain food particles out of the water. • The musculature of the body is divided up into V-shaped blocks, or myomeres, and there is a post-anal tail.
- 5. • Body is fish -like and is useful for burrowing and swimming. It has a head and It shows a tail. • Appendages are absent. • Dorsal, caudal and ventral fins are present. • Body wall shows one cell thick, non-ciliated epidermis, dermis, connective tissue, striated muscle and parietal peritoneum.
- 6. • It has no exoskeleton. • Notochord extends from the anterior end to posterior end • Enterocoelic coelom is present. However, it is reduced in the pharyngeal region . In enterocoely, a mesoderm (middle layer) is formed in a developing embryo, in which the coelom forms from pouches "pinched" off of the digestive tract (also known as the embryonic gut, or archenteron).
- 7. • Alimentary canal is long. It includes a large pharynx with many gill-slits ciliary mode of feeding is developed. • Respiration is through gills. • It exhibit closed circulatory system. • Heart and respiratory pigments are absent.
- 9. • Hepatic portal system is present. • The hepatic portal system is the system of veins comprising the hepatic portal vein and its tributaries. It is responsible for directing blood from parts of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to the liver. • Excretory system shows paired protonephridia with solenocytes [an excretory organ consisting of a hollow cell with branched processes with bunches of beating cilia in the lumen which maintain a current of liquid].
- 10. • Brain is not present.Two pairs of cerebral and several pairs of spinal nerves are present. • Sexes are separate. • Asexual reproduction will not take place.Fertilization is external. • Cephalochordates reproduce by releasing their eggs and sperm into the water, where they are fertilized externally. • The fertilized eggs develop into free-swimming larvae that drift in the water for up to 200 days, feeding on plankton and other suspended matter, before settling down as adults.